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The System Of Revenue Sharing And Fiscal Transfers In China
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Book Synopsis China's Local Public Finance in Transition by : Joyce Y. Man
Download or read book China's Local Public Finance in Transition written by Joyce Y. Man and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2011 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's economy has developed rapidly since the economic reforms in 1978, but public finance reforms have proceeded more slowly. This book looks at three major policy options addressing the underlying imbalance between revenues and expenditures at the local level in China. This is a valuable resource for anyone interested in local fiscal issues in China.
Book Synopsis Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers by : Robin W. Boadway
Download or read book Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers written by Robin W. Boadway and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of intergovernmental fiscal transfers has a strong bearing on efficiency and equity of public service provision and accountable local governance. This book provides a comprehensive one-stop window/source of materials to guide practitioners and scholars on design and worldwide practices in intergovernmental fiscal transfers and their implications for efficiency, and equity in public services provision as well as accountable governance.
Book Synopsis Public Finance in China by : Jiwei Lou
Download or read book Public Finance in China written by Jiwei Lou and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1980, China's economy has been the envy of the world. Is annual growth rate of more than 9 percent during this period makes China today the world's fourth-largest economy. And this sustained growth has reduced the poverty rate from 60 percent of the population to less than 10 percent. However, such rapid growth has also increased inequalities in income and access to basic services and stressed natural resources. The government seeks to resolve these and other issues by creating a 'harmonious society' -- shifting priorities from the overriding pursuit of growth to more balanced economic and social development. This volume compiles analyses and insights from high-level Chinese policy makers and prominent international scholars that address the changes needed in public finance for success in the government's new endeavor. It examines such key policy issues as public finance and the changing role of the state; fiscal reform and revenue and expenditure assignments; intergovernmental relations and fiscal transfers; and financing and delivery of basic public goods such as compulsory education, innovation, public health, and social protection. And it offers concrete recommendations for immediate policy changes and for China's future reform agenda. Public Finance in China' is a must-read for specialists in public finance and for those seeking an understanding of the complex and daunting challenges China is facing.
Book Synopsis Tax Administration Reform in China by : John Brondolo
Download or read book Tax Administration Reform in China written by John Brondolo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-03-17 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax administration improvements have contributed significantly to a doubling of China’s tax-to-GDP ratio and the substantial reduction in taxpayers’ compliance costs since the mid-1990s. This paper describes the key features of China’s tax administration and their evolution over the last 20 years. It also identifes emerging challenges to the tax system and areas where further tax administration improvements are needed to sustain tax revenue and reduce taxpayers’ compliance costs in the future.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Fiscal Federalism by : Richard Miller Bird
Download or read book Perspectives on Fiscal Federalism written by Richard Miller Bird and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a variety of issues relating to intergovernmental finance and the provision and financing of local services including budgeting and financial management, the institutional framework for the conduct of intergovernmental relations, appropriate methods of service delivery in metropolitan agglomerations and remote rural areas, local government enterprises, user charges, property taxes, income and value-added taxes, natural resource taxes, and local business taxes. Throughout, the authors draw on experience both in Canada and in other decentralized countries and consider to vary.
Book Synopsis China in the Global Economy Challenges for China's Public Spending Toward Greater Effectiveness and Equity by : OECD
Download or read book China in the Global Economy Challenges for China's Public Spending Toward Greater Effectiveness and Equity written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-02-14 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed and up-to-date picture of the current state of China's public expenditure policies, the main reforms that are being undertaken, and the problems that remain to be resolved.
Book Synopsis Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries by : Jennie Ilene Litvack
Download or read book Rethinking Decentralization in Developing Countries written by Jennie Ilene Litvack and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an effort to reduce poverty and improve nutrition, this Bank operation assisted the Indian program Operation Flood to develop the dairy industry in India. This study examines the policy changes instituted to support the aid flow to the dairy sector and discusses the lessons learned and benefits realized through improved dairy production. It also presents suggestions for improvement. This program differs from other Bank efforts in that it focuses on a single commodity to alleviate poverty and raise living standards.
Book Synopsis OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies Measuring Fiscal Decentralisation Concepts and Policies by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Fiscal Federalism Studies Measuring Fiscal Decentralisation Concepts and Policies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with two issues. The first concerns the various measurement of fiscal decentralization in general and their usefulness for policy analysis. The second and more specific issue concerns the taxonomy of intergovernmental grants and the limits of the current classifications.
Book Synopsis A Practitioner's Guide to Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers by : Anwar Shah
Download or read book A Practitioner's Guide to Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers written by Anwar Shah and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intergovernmental fiscal transfers are a dominant feature of subnational finance in most countries. They are used to ensure that revenues roughly match the expenditure needs of various orders (levels) of subnational governments. They are also used to advance national, regional, and local area objectives, such as fairness and equity, and creating a common economic union. The structure of these transfers creates incentives for national, regional, and local governments that have a bearing on fiscal management, macroeconomic stability, distributional equity, allocative efficiency, and public services delivery. This paper reviews the conceptual, empirical, and practice literature to distill lessons of policy interest in designing the fiscal transfers to create the right incentives for prudent fiscal management and competitive and innovative service delivery. It provides practical guidance on the design of performance-oriented transfers that emphasize bottom-up, client-focused, and results-based government accountability. It cites examples of simple but innovative grant designs that can satisfy grantors' objectives while preserving local autonomy and creating an enabling environment for responsive, responsible, equitable, and accountable public governance. The paper further provides guidance on the design and practice of equalization transfers for regional fiscal equity as well as the institutional arrangements for implementation of such transfer mechanisms. It concludes with negative (practices to avoid) and positive (practices to emulate) lessons from international practices.
Book Synopsis The Rise of Fiscal States by : Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla
Download or read book The Rise of Fiscal States written by Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-05-24 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading economic historians present a groundbreaking series of country case studies exploring the formation of fiscal states in Eurasia.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Regimes for Extractive Industries—Design and Implementation by : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Download or read book Fiscal Regimes for Extractive Industries—Design and Implementation written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Better designed and implemented fiscal regimes for oil, gas, and mining can make a substantial contribution to the revenue needs of many developing countries while ensuring an attractive return for investors, according to a new policy paper from the International Monetary Fund. Revenues from extractive industries (EIs) have major macroeconomic implications. The EIs account for over half of government revenues in many petroleum-rich countries, and for over 20 percent in mining countries. About one-third of IMF member countries find (or could find) resource revenues “macro-critical” – especially with large numbers of recent new discoveries and planned oil, gas, and mining developments. IMF policy advice and technical assistance in the field has massively expanded in recent years – driven by demand from member countries and supported by increased donor finance. The paper sets out the analytical framework underpinning, and key elements of, the country-specific advice given. Also available in Arabic: ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????????: ??????? ???????? Also available in French: Régimes fiscaux des industries extractives: conception et application Also available in Spanish: Regímenes fiscales de las industrias extractivas: Diseño y aplicación
Book Synopsis China's Tax Reform Options by : Trish Fulton
Download or read book China's Tax Reform Options written by Trish Fulton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected papers presented at the International Symposium on Reform of the Chinese Tax System, held at the University of Western Ontario, in London, Canada, in Aug. 1996.
Book Synopsis How Reform Worked in China by : Yingyi Qian
Download or read book How Reform Worked in China written by Yingyi Qian and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-11-24 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A noted Chinese economist examines the mechanisms behind China's economic reforms, arguing that universal principles and specific implementations are equally important. As China has transformed itself from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, economists have tried to understand and interpret the success of Chinese reform. As the Chinese economist Yingyi Qian explains, there are two schools of thought on Chinese reform: the “School of Universal Principles,” which ascribes China's successful reform to the workings of the free market, and the “School of Chinese Characteristics,” which holds that China's reform is successful precisely because it did not follow the economics of the market but instead relied on the government. In this book, Qian offers a third perspective, taking certain elements from each school of thought but emphasizing not why reform worked but how it did. Economics is a science, but economic reform is applied science and engineering. To a practitioner, it is more useful to find a feasible reform path than the theoretically best way. The key to understanding how reform has worked in China, Qian argues, is to consider the way reform designs respond to initial historical conditions and contemporary constraints. Qian examines the role of “transitional institutions”—not “best practice institutions” but “incentive-compatible institutions”—in Chinese reform; the dual-track approach to market liberalization; the ownership of firms, viewed both theoretically and empirically; government decentralization, offering and testing hypotheses about its link to local economic development; and the specific historical conditions of China's regional-based central planning.
Book Synopsis Municipal Revenues and Land Policies by : Gregory K. Ingram
Download or read book Municipal Revenues and Land Policies written by Gregory K. Ingram and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2010 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Proceedings of the 2009 Land Policy Conference."--Cover.
Book Synopsis Designing Fiscal Redistribution: The Role of Universal and Targeted Transfers by : Mr.David Coady
Download or read book Designing Fiscal Redistribution: The Role of Universal and Targeted Transfers written by Mr.David Coady and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-06-26 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a growing debate on the relative merits of universal and targeted social assistance transfers in achieving income redistribution objectives. While the benefits of targeting are clear, i.e., a larger poverty impact for a given transfer budget or lower fiscal cost for a given poverty impact, in practice targeting also comes with various costs, including incentive, administrative, social and political costs. The appropriate balance between targeted and universal transfers will therefore depend on how countries decide to trade-off these costs and benefits as well as on the potential for redistribution through taxes. This paper discusses the trade-offs that arise in different country contexts and the potential for strengthening fiscal redistribution in advanced and developing countries, including through expanding transfer coverage and progressive tax financing.
Book Synopsis Sequencing Fiscal Decentralization by : Roy W. Bahl
Download or read book Sequencing Fiscal Decentralization written by Roy W. Bahl and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While there is extensive knowledge about how to design fiscal decentralization policies, considerably less is understood about how a decentralization program should be sequenced and implemented. Countries embarking on decentralization often struggle with decisions about the essential components of decentralization, including the order of an introduction of decentralization policies, the number of years necessary to bring a full program on line, and the components of the transition strategy. The authors argue that the sequencing of decentralization policies is an important determinant of its success. The consequences of a poorly sequenced decentralization program can range from minor delays and complications to ineffectiveness and subsequent failing support of decentralization efforts, macroeconomic instability, and fundamental failure in public sector delivery. At a minimum, the strategy of "making it up as we go" will not lead to the same structure of decentralization as will a planned strategy. The paper raises two questions: First, is there an optimal sequencing for decentralization policies and implementation? The answer is that there is, and that following these sequencing rules can reduce the costs and risks of implementing fiscal decentralization. Second, to what extent do countries follow these optimal sequencing rules? The answer is, in general, they do not. The gap between theory and practice is a result of the complexity of sequencing design, which discourages fiscal planners from implementing the full process. In addition, sequencing requires a sustained discipline and vision for its implementation, as well as overcoming pressures from political actors, especially in developing countries. "-- World Bank web site.
Download or read book Urban China written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last 30 years, China’s record economic growth lifted half a billion people out of poverty, with rapid urbanization providing abundant labor, cheap land, and good infrastructure. While China has avoided some of the common ills of urbanization, strains are showing as inefficient land development leads to urban sprawl and ghost towns, pollution threatens people’s health, and farmland and water resources are becoming scarce. With China’s urban population projected to rise to about one billion – or close to 70 percent of the country’s population – by 2030, China’s leaders are seeking a more coordinated urbanization process. Urban China is a joint research report by a team from the World Bank and the Development Research Center of China’s State Council which was established to address the challenges and opportunities of urbanization in China and to help China forge a new model of urbanization. The report takes as its point of departure the conviction that China's urbanization can become more efficient, inclusive, and sustainable. However, it stresses that achieving this vision will require strong support from both government and the markets for policy reforms in a number of area. The report proposes six main areas for reform: first, amending land management institutions to foster more efficient land use, denser cities, modernized agriculture, and more equitable wealth distribution; second, adjusting the hukou household registration system to increase labor mobility and provide urban migrant workers equal access to a common standard of public services; third, placing urban finances on a more sustainable footing while fostering financial discipline among local governments; fourth, improving urban planning to enhance connectivity and encourage scale and agglomeration economies; fifth, reducing environmental pressures through more efficient resource management; and sixth, improving governance at the local level.
