The Rise And Fall Of The Fifth Force

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The Rise and Fall of the Fifth Force

Author : Allan Franklin
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319284126
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of the Fifth Force by : Allan Franklin

Download or read book The Rise and Fall of the Fifth Force written by Allan Franklin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with a detailed and captivating account of the story where, for the first time, physicists ventured into proposing a new force of nature beyond the four known ones - the electromagnetic, weak and strong forces, and gravitation - based entirely on the reanalysis of existing experimental data. Back in 1986, Ephraim Fischbach, Sam Aronson, Carrick Talmadge and their collaborators proposed a modification of Newton’s Law of universal gravitation. Underlying this proposal were three tantalizing pieces of evidence: 1) an energy dependence of the CP (particle-antiparticle and reflection symmetry) parameters, 2) differences between the measurements of G, the universal gravitational constant, in laboratories and in mineshafts, and 3) a reanalysis of the Eötvos experiment, which had previously been used to show that the gravitational mass of an object and its inertia mass were equal to approximately one part in a billion. The reanalysis revealed that, contrary to Galileo’s position, the force of gravity was in fact very slightly different for different substances. The resulting Fifth Force hypothesis included this composition dependence and also added a small distance dependence to the inverse-square gravitational force. Over the next four years numerous experiments were performed to test the hypothesis. By 1990 there was overwhelming evidence that the Fifth Force, as initially proposed, did not exist. This book discusses how the Fifth Force hypothesis came to be proposed and how it went on to become a showcase of discovery, pursuit and justification in modern physics, prior to its demise. In this new and significantly expanded edition, the material from the first edition is complemented by two essays, one containing Fischbach’s personal reminiscences of the proposal, and a second on the ongoing history and impact of the Fifth Force hypothesis from 1990 to the present.

No Easy Answers

Author : Allan Franklin
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 9780822973270
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (732 download)

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Book Synopsis No Easy Answers by : Allan Franklin

Download or read book No Easy Answers written by Allan Franklin and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2007-03-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an accurate picture of science through the examination of nontechnical case studies which illustrate the various roles that experiment plays in science. Examines both sucessful and unsucessful experiments to show how scientists use experimental evidence and critical discussion to expand our knowlege of the natural world.

Beyond Einstein

Author : David E. Rowe
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 1493977083
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Einstein by : David E. Rowe

Download or read book Beyond Einstein written by David E. Rowe and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2018-06-18 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beyond Einstein: Perspectives on Geometry, Gravitation, and Cosmology explores the rich interplay between mathematical and physical ideas by studying the interactions of major actors and the roles of important research communities over the course of the last century.

Case Studies in Experimental Physics

Author : Ronald Laymon
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031126084
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Case Studies in Experimental Physics by : Ronald Laymon

Download or read book Case Studies in Experimental Physics written by Ronald Laymon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-09-24 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the pursuit and further investigation of experimental results by analyzing classic examples from physics. The authors concentrate on the investigation of experimental results by examining case studies from the history of 20th and 21st century physics. Discussions on the discovery of parity nonconservation, the rise and fall of the Fifth Force, the search for neutrinoless double β decay, supersymmetry and the expansion of the Standard Model, and measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muons are provided. Experimental results may achieve acceptance to the point that even well known principles, such as conservation of energy and quantization, lose their status as accepted. Such principles and their options are treated on an equal footing as being pursuit worthy even though there is no plausible explanation as to why and how they might have failed.

Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics

Author : Clifford M. Will
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521439732
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics by : Clifford M. Will

Download or read book Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics written by Clifford M. Will and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-03-11 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a revised edition of a classic and highly regarded book, first published in 1981, describing the status of theory and experiment in general relativity. The book provides all the necessary theoretical background, and covers all the important experimental tests. A new chapter has been added to cover recent important experimental tests, and the bibliography has been brought right up to date. Reviews of the previous edition: ' ... consolidates much of the literature on experimental gravity and should be invaluable to researchers in gravitation ...' Science ' ... a concise and meaty book ... and a most useful reference work ... researchers and serious students of gravitation should be pleased with it ...' Nature

Measuring Nothing, Repeatedly

Author : Allan Franklin
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1643277383
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring Nothing, Repeatedly by : Allan Franklin

Download or read book Measuring Nothing, Repeatedly written by Allan Franklin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been many recent discussions of the 'replication crisis' in psychology and other social sciences. This has been attributed, in part, to the fact that researchers hesitate to submit null results and journals fail to publish such results. In this book Allan Franklin and Ronald Laymon analyze what constitutes a null result and present evidence, covering a 400-year history, that null results play significant roles in physics.

A Mind Over Matter

Author : Andrew Zangwill
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192640550
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis A Mind Over Matter by : Andrew Zangwill

Download or read book A Mind Over Matter written by Andrew Zangwill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-08 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Mind Over Matter is a biography of the Nobel-prize winner Philip W. Anderson, a person widely regarded as one of the most accomplished and influential physicists of the second half of the twentieth century. Anderson (1923-2020) was a theoretician who specialized in the physics of matter, including window glass and metals, magnets and semiconductors, liquid crystals and superconductors. More than any other single person, Anderson transformed the patchwork subject of solid-state physics into the deep, subtle, and coherent discipline known today as condensed matter physics. Among his many world-class research achievements, Anderson discovered an aspect of wave physics that had been missed by all previous scientists going back to Isaac Newton. He became a public figure when he testified before Congress to oppose its funding of an expensive project intended exclusively for particle physics research. Over the years, he published many articles designed to influence a broad audience about issues where science impacted public policy and culture. Anderson grew up in the American mid-west, was educated at Harvard, and rose to the pinnacle of his profession during the first decade of his thirty-five career as a theoretical physicist at Bell Telephone Laboratories. Almost uniquely, he spent many years working half-time as a professor at the University of Cambridge and at Princeton University. The outspoken Anderson enjoyed broad influence outside of physics when he helped develop and champion the concepts of emergence and complexity as organizing principles to help attack very difficult problems in technically challenging disciplines.

Gravitation: A Banff Summer Institute

Author : Robert B Mann
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814555819
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Gravitation: A Banff Summer Institute by : Robert B Mann

Download or read book Gravitation: A Banff Summer Institute written by Robert B Mann and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991-08-16 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together some of the top researchers gravitational physics, the 1990 Banff Summer Institute on Gravitation focussed on three of the most exciting areas of research in this subject today: Cosmology, Quantum Gravity and Tests of Gravitational Theory. Besides covering the most up-to-date developments, special emphasis was placed upon the interdisciplinary aspects of each of these topics. The pedagogical character of the lectures is designed to bring graduate students up to the forefront of research.

Is It the 'Same' Result

Author : Allan Franklin
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1643271628
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Is It the 'Same' Result by : Allan Franklin

Download or read book Is It the 'Same' Result written by Allan Franklin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Replication, the independent confirmation of experimental results and conclusions, is regarded as the "gold standard" in science. This book examines the question of successful or failed replications and demonstrates that that question is not always easy to answer. It presents clear examples of successful replications, the discoveries of the Higgs boson and of gravity waves. Failed replications include early experiments on the Fifth Force, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of universal gravitation, and the measurements of "G," the constant in that law. Other case studies illustrate some of the difficulties and complexities in deciding whether a replication is successful or failed. It also discusses how that question has been answered. These studies include the "discovery" of the pentaquark in the early 2000s and the continuing search for neutrinoless double beta decay. It argues that although successful replication is the goal of scientific experimentation, it is not always easily achieved.

Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy

Author : Max Jammer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069114432X
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy by : Max Jammer

Download or read book Concepts of Mass in Contemporary Physics and Philosophy written by Max Jammer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-28 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jammer then devotes a chapter to the distinction between inertial and gravitational mass and to the various versions of the so-called equivalance principle with which Newton initiated his Principia but which also became the starting point of Einstein's general relativity, which supersedes Newtonian physics. The book concludes with a presentation of recently proposed global and local dynamical theories of the origin and nature of mass."--BOOK JACKET.

Elemental-Embodied Thinking for a New Era

Author : Lenart Škof
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031421191
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Elemental-Embodied Thinking for a New Era by : Lenart Škof

Download or read book Elemental-Embodied Thinking for a New Era written by Lenart Škof and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Selectivity and Discord

Author : Allan Franklin
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822970708
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Selectivity and Discord by : Allan Franklin

Download or read book Selectivity and Discord written by Allan Franklin and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2002-11-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selectivity and Discord addresses the fundamental question of whether there are grounds for belief in experimental results. Specifically, Allan Franklin is concerned with two problems in the use of experimental results in science: selectivity of data or analysis procedures and the resolution of discordant results. By means of detailed case studies of episodes from the history of modern physics, Franklin shows how these problems can be--and are--solved in the normal practice of science and, therefore, that experimental results may be legitimately used as a basis for scientific knowledge.

The Search for Non-Newtonian Gravity

Author : Ephraim Fischbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461214386
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis The Search for Non-Newtonian Gravity by : Ephraim Fischbach

Download or read book The Search for Non-Newtonian Gravity written by Ephraim Fischbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the attempts to test the predictions of Newtonian Gravity, describing in detail recent experimental efforts to verify both the inverse-square law and the Equivalence Principle. Interest in these questions has increased in recent years, as it has become recognised that deviations from Newtonian gravity could be a signal for a new fundamental force in nature. This is the first book devoted entirely to this subject, and will thus be useful to both graduate students and researchers interested in this field. It describes the ideas that underlie searches for such deviations, focusing on macroscopic tests. A comprehensive bibliography of some 450 entries supplements the text.

Sciences of the Earth

Author : Gregory A. Good
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136760970
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Sciences of the Earth by : Gregory A. Good

Download or read book Sciences of the Earth written by Gregory A. Good and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The planet as seen by its inhabitants In two millenia, our knowledge of the planet and its natural laws and forces has undergone remarkable changes--from the religious belief of earth as the center of the universe to the modern astronomers' view that it is a mere speck in the cosmos. Now a first-of-its-kind reference work charts this remarkable intellectual progression in our evolving perception of the earth by surveying the history of geology, geography, geophysics, oceanography, meteorology, space science, and many other fields. Covers human understanding of the Earth in various times and cultures The Encyclopedia traces our understanding of the earth and its functioning throughout history, summarizing historical explanations of earthly occurrences, including explanations with no scientific basis. It presents the latest facts and theories, explains how our understanding of the earth has evolved, and shows why many outrageous and fanciful earlier ideas were accepted in their time. The coverage explores the physical phenomena that inform our knowledge, starting at the earth's core and extending outward through the mantle, crust, oceans, and atmosphere to the magnetosphere and beyond. Charts the evolution of our perceptions The primary focus of the Encyclopedia is the history of the study of the earth. It also discusses the institutions that advanced and shaped science and probes the interplay between science, practical applications, and social and political forces. The result is a unified historical overview of the earth across a wide canvas of time and place, from antiquity to the space age. Its wide-ranging articles summarize subjects as diverse as geography and imperialism, environmentalism, computers and meteorology, ozone formation theories since 1800, scientific rocketry, the Scopes trial, and much more. Special Features Shows how diverse disciplines, from geology to space science, fit together in a coherent view of the earth * Explains earlier ideas and theories in the context of the beliefs and scientific knowledge of their time * Spotlights important institutions that have shaped the history of science * Explores relationships between science, practical applications, and sociopolitical concerns * Provides a subject index and an index of scientists with birth/death dates

Can that be Right?

Author : A. Franklin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401153345
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Can that be Right? by : A. Franklin

Download or read book Can that be Right? written by A. Franklin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays Allan Franklin defends the view that science provides us with knowledge about the world which is based on experimental evidence and on reasoned and critical discussion. In short, he argues that science is a reasonable enterprise. He begins with detailed studies of four episodes from the history of modern physics: (1) the early attempts to detect gravity waves, (2) how the physics community decided that a proposed new elementary particle, 17-keV neutrino, did not exist, (3) a sequence of experiments on K meson decay, and (4) the origins of the Fifth Force hypothesis, a proposed modification of Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation. The case studies are then used to examine issues such as how discord between experimental results is resolved, calibration of an experimental apparatus and its legitimate use in validating an experimental result, and how experimental results provide reasonable grounds for belief in both the truth of physical theories and in the existence of the entities involved in those theories. This book is a challenge to the critics of science, both postmodern and constructivist, to provide convincing alternative explanations of the episodes and issues discussed. It should be of interest to philosophers, historians, and sociologists of science, and to scientists themselves.

Ask the Experts: Physics and Math

Author : Scientific American Editors
Publisher : Scientific American
ISBN 13 : 1466858885
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Ask the Experts: Physics and Math by : Scientific American Editors

Download or read book Ask the Experts: Physics and Math written by Scientific American Editors and published by Scientific American. This book was released on 2014-08-11 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For going on two decades, Scientific American's "Ask the Experts" column has been answering reader questions on all fields of science. We've taken your questions from the basic to the esoteric and reached out to top scientists, professors and researchers to find out why the sky is blue or whether we really only use 10% of our brains. Now, we've combed through our archives and have compiled some of the most interesting questions (and answers) into a series of eBooks. Organized by subject, each eBook provides short, easily digestible answers to questions on that particular branch of the sciences. The first eBook in our series – Physics and Math – explains a wide range of natural phenomena and mathematical concepts. Have you ever wondered what exactly antimatter is? How about game theory, quantum mechanics and the origin of pi? Mathematicians and professors from universities across the country tackle these topics, drawing on their extensive expertise to give answers that are at once accurate and comprehensible by those who haven't studied physics or math since high school.

Nature, Design, and Science

Author : Del Ratzsch
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 0791490998
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature, Design, and Science by : Del Ratzsch

Download or read book Nature, Design, and Science written by Del Ratzsch and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2001-03-01 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the scientific illegitimacy of supernatural design is typically asserted with enormous confidence and vigor, there has been surprisingly little actual work on such key foundational issues as even what design is and on specific criteria for assessing its legitimacy, or lack, as a scientific concept. However, intelligent supernatural design is again surfacing in discussions both of anthropic principles and of certain types of biological complexity. This book develops a definition of design, explicates the more specific concept of supernatural design, defends a general criterion for scientific legitimacy, and argues that in some cases the concept of intelligent supernatural design can meet the relevant requirements for scientific legitimacy.