The Legal Status Of Berlin

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The Legal Framework of the OSCE

Author : Mateja Steinbrück Platise
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108615147
Total Pages : 719 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Framework of the OSCE by : Mateja Steinbrück Platise

Download or read book The Legal Framework of the OSCE written by Mateja Steinbrück Platise and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-30 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), the world's largest regional security organisation, possesses most of the attributes traditionally ascribed to an international organisation, but lacks a constitutive treaty and an established international legal personality. Moreover, OSCE decisions are considered mere political commitments and thus not legally binding. As such, it seems to correspond to the general zeitgeist, in which new, less formal actors and forms of international cooperation gain prominence, while traditional actors and instruments of international law are in stagnation. However, an increasing number of voices - including the OSCE participating states - have been advocating for more formal and autonomous OSCE institutional structures, for international legal personality, or even for the adoption of a constitutive treaty. The book analyses why and how these demands have emerged, critically analyses the reform proposals and provides new arguments for revisiting the OSCE legal framework.

Berlin 1961

Author : Frederick Kempe
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101515023
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Berlin 1961 by : Frederick Kempe

Download or read book Berlin 1961 written by Frederick Kempe and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In June 1961, Nikita Khrushchev called Berlin "the most dangerous place on earth." He knew what he was talking about. Much has been written about the Cuban Missile Crisis a year later, but the Berlin Crisis of 1961 was more decisive in shaping the Cold War-and more perilous. It was in that hot summer that the Berlin Wall was constructed, which would divide the world for another twenty-eight years. Then two months later, and for the first time in history, American and Soviet fighting men and tanks stood arrayed against each other, only yards apart. One mistake, one nervous soldier, one overzealous commander-and the tripwire would be sprung for a war that could go nuclear in a heartbeat. On one side was a young, untested U.S. president still reeling from the Bay of Pigs disaster and a humiliating summit meeting that left him grasping for ways to respond. It would add up to be one of the worst first-year foreign policy performances of any modern president. On the other side, a Soviet premier hemmed in by the Chinese, East Germans, and hardliners in his own government. With an all-important Party Congress approaching, he knew Berlin meant the difference not only for the Kremlin's hold on its empire-but for his own hold on the Kremlin. Neither man really understood the other, both tried cynically to manipulate events. And so, week by week, they crept closer to the brink. Based on a wealth of new documents and interviews, filled with fresh-sometimes startling-insights, written with immediacy and drama, Berlin 1961 is an extraordinary look at key events of the twentieth century, with powerful applications to these early years of the twenty-first. Includes photographs

The Legal Status of Territories Subject to Administration by International Organisations

Author : Bernhard Knoll
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 113947278X
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Status of Territories Subject to Administration by International Organisations by : Bernhard Knoll

Download or read book The Legal Status of Territories Subject to Administration by International Organisations written by Bernhard Knoll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-12 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international community's practice of administering territories in post-conflict environments has raised important legal questions. Using Kosovo as a case study, Bernhard Knoll analyses the identity of the administrating UN organ, the ways in which the territories under consideration have acquired partial subjectivity in international law and the nature of legal obligations in the fiduciary exercise of transitional administration developed within the League of Nations' Mandate and the UN Trusteeship systems. Knoll discusses Kosovo's internal political and constitutional order and notes the absence of some of the characteristics normally found in liberal democracies, before proposing that the UN consolidates accountability guidelines related to the protection of human rights and the development of democratic standards should it engage in the transitional administration of territory.

The German Defense Of Berlin

Author : Oberst a.D. Wilhem Willemar
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786251469
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (862 download)

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Book Synopsis The German Defense Of Berlin by : Oberst a.D. Wilhem Willemar

Download or read book The German Defense Of Berlin written by Oberst a.D. Wilhem Willemar and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Often written during imprisonment in Allied War camps by former German officers, with their memories of the World War fresh in their minds, The Foreign Military Studies series offers rare glimpses into the Third Reich. In this study Oberst a.D. Wilhem Willemar discusses his recollections of the climatic battle for Berlin from within the Wehrmacht. “No cohesive, over-all plan for the defense of Berlin was ever actually prepared. All that existed was the stubborn determination of Hitler to defend the capital of the Reich. Circumstances were such that he gave no thought to defending the city until it was much too late for any kind of advance planning. Thus the city’s defense was characterized only by a mass of improvisations. These reveal a state of total confusion in which the pressure of the enemy, the organizational chaos on the German side, and the catastrophic shortage of human and material resources for the defense combined with disastrous effect. “The author describes these conditions in a clear, accurate report which I rate very highly. He goes beyond the more narrow concept of planning and offers the first German account of the defense of Berlin to be based upon thorough research. I attach great importance to this study from the standpoint of military history and concur with the military opinions expressed by the author.”-Foreword by Generaloberst a.D. Franz Halder.

Special Forces Berlin

Author : James Stejskal
Publisher : Casemate Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1612004458
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Special Forces Berlin by : James Stejskal

Download or read book Special Forces Berlin written by James Stejskal and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previously untold story of a Cold War spy unit, “one of the best examples of applied unconventional warfare in special operations history” (Small Wars Journal). It is a little-known fact that during the Cold War, two US Army Special Forces detachments were stationed far behind the Iron Curtain in West Berlin. The existence and missions of the two detachments were highly classified secrets. The massive armies of the Soviet Union and its Warsaw Pact allies posed a huge threat to the nations of Western Europe. US military planners decided they needed a plan to slow the expected juggernaut, if and when a war began. This plan was Special Forces Berlin. Their mission—should hostilities commence—was to wreak havoc behind enemy lines and buy time for vastly outnumbered NATO forces to conduct a breakout from the city. In reality, it was an ambitious and extremely dangerous mission, even suicidal. Highly trained and fluent in German, each of these one hundred soldiers and their successors was allocated a specific area. They were skilled in clandestine operations, sabotage, and intelligence tradecraft, and were able to act, if necessary, as independent operators, blending into the local population and working unseen in a city awash with spies looking for information on their every move. Special Forces Berlin left a legacy of a new type of soldier, expert in unconventional warfare, that was sought after for other deployments, including the attempted rescue of American hostages from Tehran in 1979. With the US government officially acknowledging their existence in 2014, their incredible story can now be told—by one of their own.

The Legal Status of the Caspian Sea

Author : Barbara Janusz-Pawletta
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3662447304
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (624 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Status of the Caspian Sea by : Barbara Janusz-Pawletta

Download or read book The Legal Status of the Caspian Sea written by Barbara Janusz-Pawletta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-19 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes the legal and economic situation concerning the removal and allocation of the natural resources in the Caspian Sea – the largest enclosed body of salt water in the world, which not only constitutes a fragile ecosystem with great fishery resources, but is also rich in oil and gas deposits. The economic advantages gained from the development of oil and gas are the basis for the economic and social development of the riparian states, but also cause significant transboundary harm to the ecosystem of the Caspian Sea. The book contends that, if the local environment grows more heavily contaminated through the extraction of mineral resources, it could lead to environmentally induced violence. It describes the ongoing conflicts, which are primarily due to various riparian states’ territorial claims concerning the extraction of oil and gas resources, and argues that the current legal framework on the use and protection of the Caspian Sea is obsolete. Thus, the main objective of the book is to point out corresponding international legal mechanisms that could be used in order to settle these disputes and protect the Caspian Sea’s fragile environment from transboundary harm.

The Legal Status of Berlin

Author : I. D. Hendry
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780949009050
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Status of Berlin by : I. D. Hendry

Download or read book The Legal Status of Berlin written by I. D. Hendry and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the unique legal status of Berlin as it emerged from the actual practice and positions adopted by the four Occupying Powers (UK, USA, France and the Soviet Union) and the various German authorities concerned. The book deals in detail with the original occupation rights of the four Powers, and their agreements and practices. Full reference is made to Allied and German legislation. The book includes chapters on the institutional framework and the law applicable in Berlin; the special Berlin area; access to Berlin; the relationship between Berlin and the FRG; the extension of laws and treaties to Berlin; Berlin and the European Communities, the United Nations and other international organisations; freedom of movement; demilitarisation; security issues; the position of East Berlin; and the legal status of Germany as a whole. The book will be of particular interest to administrators, lawyers and others involved with the legal and political background to Berlin and the future of the city. The work will also be of value to international lawyers and specialists in international affairs and political issues.

Belonging in the Two Berlins

Author : John Borneman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521427159
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (271 download)

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Book Synopsis Belonging in the Two Berlins by : John Borneman

Download or read book Belonging in the Two Berlins written by John Borneman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-10-15 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an ethnographic investigation into the meaning of German selfhood during the Cold War. Borneman shows how ideas of kin, state, and nation were constructed through processes of mirror imaging and misrecognition. Using linguistics and narrative analysis he compares the autobiographies of two generations of Berlin's residents with the official versions prescribed by the two German states.

Housing Estates in Europe

Author : Daniel Baldwin Hess
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319928139
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Housing Estates in Europe by : Daniel Baldwin Hess

Download or read book Housing Estates in Europe written by Daniel Baldwin Hess and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores the formation and socio-spatial trajectories of large housing estates in Europe. Are these estates clustered or scattered? Which social groups originally had access to residential space in housing estates? What is the size, scale and geography of housing estates, their architectural and built environment composition, services and neighbourhood amenities, and metropolitan connectivity? How do housing estates contribute to the urban mosaic of neighborhoods by ethnic and socio-economic status? What types of policies and planning initiatives have been implemented in order to prevent the social downgrading of housing estates? The collection of chapters in this book addresses these questions from a new perspective previously unexplored in scholarly literature. The social aspects of housing estates are thoroughly investigated (including socio-demographic and economic characteristics of current and past inhabitants; ethnicity and segregation patterns; population dynamics; etc.), and the physical composition of housing estates is described in significant detail (including building materials; building form; architectural and landscape design; built environment characteristics; etc.). This book is timely because the recent global economic crisis and Europe’s immigration crisis demand a thorough investigation of the role large housing estates play in poverty and ethnic concentration. Through case studies of housing estates in 14 European centers, the book also identifies policy measures that have been used to address challenges in housing estates throughout Europe.

To Save a City

Author : Roger G. Miller
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781603440905
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis To Save a City by : Roger G. Miller

Download or read book To Save a City written by Roger G. Miller and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2008-04-21 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following World War II, the Soviet Union drew an Iron Curtain across Europe, crowning its efforts with a blockade of West Berlin in a desperate effort to prevent the creation of an independent, democratic West Germany. The United States and Great Britain, aided by France, responded with a daring air logistical operation that in fifteen months delivered almost three million tons of coal, food, and other necessities to the people of Berlin. Now, drawing on rare U.S. Air Force files, recently declassified documents from the National Archives, records released since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the memories of airlift veterans themselves, Roger G. Miller provides an original study of the Berlin Airlift. The Berlin Airlift was an enterprise of epic proportions that demonstrated the power of air logistics as a political instrument. What began as a hastily organized operation by a small number of warweary cargo airplanes evolved into an intricate bridge of aircraft that flowed in and out of Berlin through narrow air corridors. Hour after hour, day after day, week after week, a stream of airplanes delivered everything from food and medicine to coal and candy in defiance of breakdowns, inclement weather, and Soviet hostility. And beyond the airlift itself, a complex system of transportation, maintenance, and supply stretching around the world sustained operations. Historians, veterans, and general readers will welcome this history of the first Western victory of the Cold War. Maps, diagrams, and more than forty photographs illustrate the mechanical inner workings and the human faces that made that triumph possible.

The Legal Status of Intersex Persons

Author : Jens M. Scherpe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781780684758
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Status of Intersex Persons by : Jens M. Scherpe

Download or read book The Legal Status of Intersex Persons written by Jens M. Scherpe and published by . This book was released on 2018-09 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Until very recently, the legal gender of a person-both at birth and later in life-in virtually all jurisdictions had to be recorded as either male or female; most laws simply did not allow any other option. However, there are many cases where this gender binary is unable to capture the reality of a person's gender identity. In 2013, Germany became the first Western jurisdiction in modern times to introduce legislation allowing a person's gender to be recorded as 'indeterminate' at birth and thus give them a legal gender status other than male or female. However, despite good intentions, this legislation has proved problematic in many ways and is subject to pertinent criticism. Several other jurisdictions are now beginning to react to challenges to the gender binary. The Legal Status of Intersex Persons provides a basis for discussions surrounding law reform in this area. It contains contributions from medical, psychological, and theological perspectives, as well as national legal perspectives from Germany, Malta, Australia, India, the Netherlands, Columbia, Sweden, France, and the USA. It explores international human rights aspects of intersex legal recognition, and it features chapters on private international law and legal history. [Subject: Human Rights Law, Gender & the Law, Private International Law, Legal History]

Lawyers Without Rights

Author : Simone Lawig-Winters
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781641051996
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Lawyers Without Rights by : Simone Lawig-Winters

Download or read book Lawyers Without Rights written by Simone Lawig-Winters and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-02 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lawyers Without Rights: The Fate of Jewish Lawyers in Berlin after 1933 is about the rule of law and how one government - the Third Reich in Germany - systematically undermined fair and just law through humiliation, degradation and legislation leading to expulsion of Jewish lawyers and jurists from the legal profession.

After the Berlin Wall

Author : Hope M. Harrison
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107049318
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Berlin Wall by : Hope M. Harrison

Download or read book After the Berlin Wall written by Hope M. Harrison and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A revelatory history of the commemoration of the Berlin Wall and its significance in defining contemporary German national identity.

Uncivil Society

Author : Stephen Kotkin
Publisher : Modern Library
ISBN 13 : 0812966791
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncivil Society by : Stephen Kotkin

Download or read book Uncivil Society written by Stephen Kotkin and published by Modern Library. This book was released on 2010-10-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty years ago, the Berlin Wall fell. In one of modern history’s most miraculous occurrences, communism imploded–and not with a bang, but with a whimper. Now two of the foremost scholars of East European and Soviet affairs, Stephen Kotkin and Jan T. Gross, drawing upon two decades of reflection, revisit this crash. In a crisp, concise, unsentimental narrative, they employ three case studies–East Germany, Romania, and Poland–to illuminate what led Communist regimes to surrender, or to be swept away in political bank runs. This is less a story of dissidents, so-called civil society, than of the bankruptcy of a ruling class–communism’s establishment, or “uncivil society.” The Communists borrowed from the West like drunken sailors to buy mass consumer goods, then were unable to pay back the hard-currency debts and so borrowed even more. In Eastern Europe, communism came to resemble a Ponzi scheme, one whose implosion carries enduring lessons. From East Germany’s pseudotechnocracy to Romania’s megalomaniacal dystopia, from Communist Poland’s cult of Mary to the Kremlin’s surprise restraint, Kotkin and Gross pull back the curtain on the fraud and decadence that cashiered the would-be alternative to the market and democracy, an outcome that opened up to a deeper global integration that has proved destabilizing.

The Plans That Failed

Author : André Steiner
Publisher : Berghahn Books
ISBN 13 : 178238314X
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (823 download)

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Book Synopsis The Plans That Failed by : André Steiner

Download or read book The Plans That Failed written by André Steiner and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The establishment of the Communist social model in one part of Germany was a result of international postwar developments, of the Cold War waged by East and West, and of the resultant partition of Germany. As the author argues, the GDR’s ‘new’ society was deliberately conceived as a counter-model to the liberal and marketregulated system. Although the hopes connected with this alternative system turned out to be misplaced and the planned economy may be thoroughly discredited today, it is important to understand the context in which it developed and failed. This study, a bestseller in its German version, offers an in-depth exploration of the GDR economy’s starting conditions and the obstacles to growth it confronted during the consolidation phase. These factors, however, were not decisive in the GDR’s lack of growth compared to that of the Federal Republic. As this study convincingly shows, it was the economic model that led to failure.

Beyond Human Rights

Author : Anne Peters
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107164303
Total Pages : 645 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Human Rights by : Anne Peters

Download or read book Beyond Human Rights written by Anne Peters and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beyond Human Rights, previously published in German and now available in English, is a historical and doctrinal study about the legal status of individuals in international law.

Public Administration in Germany

Author : Sabine Kuhlmann
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030536971
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Administration in Germany by : Sabine Kuhlmann

Download or read book Public Administration in Germany written by Sabine Kuhlmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents a topical, comprehensive and differentiated analysis of Germany’s public administration and reforms. It provides an overview on key elements of German public administration at the federal, Länder and local levels of government as well as on current reform activities of the public sector. It examines the key institutional features of German public administration; the changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; the administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system and numerous sectors; and new challenges and modernization approaches like digitalization, Open Government and Better Regulation. Each chapter offers a combination of descriptive information and problem-oriented analysis, presenting key topical issues in Germany which are relevant to an international readership.