The Impact Of Sexually Transmitted Infections And Inflammation In The Female Genital Tract And Blood On Susceptibility To Hiv 1 Infection And Disease Progression

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The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Inflammation in the Female Genital Tract and Blood on Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection and Disease Progression

Author : Lindi Masson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Inflammation in the Female Genital Tract and Blood on Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection and Disease Progression by : Lindi Masson

Download or read book The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Inflammation in the Female Genital Tract and Blood on Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection and Disease Progression written by Lindi Masson and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest prevalence of HIV-1 worldwide, most newHIV-1 infections occur by sexual transmission to women. Recent studies in non-human primates have demonstrated that pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the genital tract is necessary for immune cell recruitment and establishment of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection following vaginal inoculation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between inflammation in the female genital tract and (i) susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and (ii) subsequent disease progression in women who became infected. Additionally, genital inflammation was investigated as a mechanism for breakthrough HIV-1 infections in women who became infected even though they were using 1% tenofovir (TFV) microbicide. In the systemic compartment, the level of T cell activation and soluble markers of immune activation during HIV-1 infection are associated with disease outcome. Therefore, the relationships between plasma cytokine concentrations during early HIV-1 infection and disease progression were evaluated Methods. The participants of this study included 230 HIV-uninfected women from the CAPRISA 002cohort who were followed longitudinally for HIV-1 infection, 49 women who were enrolled during acuteHIV-1 infection and followed until 12 months post-infection and 166 HIV-uninfected women who were enrolled in the CAPRISA 004 1% TFV microbicide trial (62 of whom later became HIV-1-infected).Cytokine concentrations were measured in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma samples from these women using Luminex and ELISA.

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309683951
Total Pages : 750 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (839 download)

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Book Synopsis Sexually Transmitted Infections by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Infections written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2021-12-24 with total page 750 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Author : King K. Holmes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464805253
Total Pages : 1027 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by : King K. Holmes

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

In Her Lifetime

Author : Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309562228
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis In Her Lifetime by : Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa

Download or read book In Her Lifetime written by Committee to Study Female Morbidity and Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-03-20 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relative lack of information on determinants of disease, disability, and death at major stages of a woman's lifespan and the excess morbidity and premature mortality that this engenders has important adverse social and economic ramifications, not only for Sub-Saharan Africa, but also for other regions of the world as well. Women bear much of the weight of world production in both traditional and modern industries. In Sub-Saharan Africa, for example, women contribute approximately 60 to 80 percent of agricultural labor. Worldwide, it is estimated that women are the sole supporters in 18 to 30 percent of all families, and that their financial contribution in the remainder of families is substantial and often crucial. This book provides a solid documentary base that can be used to develop an agenda to guide research and health policy formulation on female health--both for Sub-Saharan Africa and for other regions of the developing world. This book could also help facilitate ongoing, collaboration between African researchers on women's health and their U.S. colleagues. Chapters cover such topics as demographics, nutritional status, obstetric morbidity and mortality, mental health problems, and sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.

The Hidden Epidemic

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030917547X
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hidden Epidemic by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Hidden Epidemic written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-03-28 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexualityâ€"the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs.

The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Genital Tract Inflammation on HIV-1 Acquisition and Rate of Disease Progression in Subtype C Infected Women

Download The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Genital Tract Inflammation on HIV-1 Acquisition and Rate of Disease Progression in Subtype C Infected Women PDF Online Free

Author : Koleka Patience Mlisana
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Genital Tract Inflammation on HIV-1 Acquisition and Rate of Disease Progression in Subtype C Infected Women by : Koleka Patience Mlisana

Download or read book The Impact of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) and Genital Tract Inflammation on HIV-1 Acquisition and Rate of Disease Progression in Subtype C Infected Women written by Koleka Patience Mlisana and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Sexually Transmitted Infections

Author : Zekayi Kutlubay
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535135171
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Sexually Transmitted Infections by : Zekayi Kutlubay

Download or read book Fundamentals of Sexually Transmitted Infections written by Zekayi Kutlubay and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-09-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook includes the recent progresses and scientific knowledge from the leading experts in different approaches to control, diagnosis, and management depending on resources and facilities available. This book has been written by our colleagues from all over the world. This book is divided into six sections. Each section supplies particularly sexually transmitted infections, diagnostics, microorganism types, pathogenesis, and treatment options. Essential points in publishing this book are to improve our knowledge about sexually transmitted infections and new treatment modalities. One chapter of the book is devoted to viral infections and their treatment. We think that this textbook will serve as a comprehensive guide to many physicians dealing with sexually transmitted infections in their clinical practice. It will hopefully be a precious source for dermatologists, educators, other physicians, and medical students.

Human Herpesviruses

Author : Ann Arvin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139461648
Total Pages : 1325 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Herpesviruses by : Ann Arvin

Download or read book Human Herpesviruses written by Ann Arvin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 1325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive account of the human herpesviruses provides an encyclopedic overview of their basic virology and clinical manifestations. This group of viruses includes human simplex type 1 and 2, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus, HHV6A, 6B and 7, and varicella-zoster virus. The viral diseases and cancers they cause are significant and often recurrent. Their prevalence in the developed world accounts for a major burden of disease, and as a result there is a great deal of research into the pathophysiology of infection and immunobiology. Another important area covered within this volume concerns antiviral therapy and the development of vaccines. All these aspects are covered in depth, both scientifically and in terms of clinical guidelines for patient care. The text is illustrated generously throughout and is fully referenced to the latest research and developments.

The Hidden Affliction

Author : Simon Szreter
Publisher : Rochester Studies in Medical H
ISBN 13 : 1580469612
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hidden Affliction by : Simon Szreter

Download or read book The Hidden Affliction written by Simon Szreter and published by Rochester Studies in Medical H. This book was released on 2019 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multidisciplinary collection of essays on the relationship of infertility and the "historic" STIS--gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis--producing surprising new insights in studies from across the globe and spanning millennia.

Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E-Book

Author : John E. Bennett
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1437720609
Total Pages : 4306 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E-Book by : John E. Bennett

Download or read book Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E-Book written by John E. Bennett and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-10-19 with total page 4306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After thirty years, PPID is still the reference of choice for comprehensive, global guidance on diagnosing and treating the most challenging infectious diseases. Drs. Mandell, Bennett, and Dolin have substantially revised and meticulously updated, this new edition to save you time and to ensure you have the latest clinical and scientific knowledge at your fingertips. With new chapters, expanded and updated coverage, increased worldwide perspectives, and many new contributors, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th Edition helps you identify and treat whatever infectious disease you see. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Get the answers to questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other infectious disease resource. Find the latest diagnoses and treatments for currently recognized and newly emerging infectious diseases, such as those caused by avian and swine influenza viruses. Put the latest knowledge to work in your practice with new or completely revised chapters on influenza (new pandemic strains); new Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus; probiotics; antibiotics for resistant bacteria; antifungal drugs; new antivirals for hepatitis B and C; Clostridium difficile treatment; sepsis; advances in HIV prevention and treatment; viral gastroenteritis; Lyme disease; Helicobacter pylori; malaria; infections in immunocompromised hosts; immunization (new vaccines and new recommendations); and microbiome. Benefit from fresh perspectives and global insights from an expanded team of international contributors. Find and grasp the information you need easily and rapidly with newly added chapter summaries. These bulleted templates include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention and are designed as a quick summary of the chapter and to enhance relevancy in search and retrieval on Expert Consult. Stay current on Expert Consult with a thorough and regularly scheduled update program that ensures access to new developments in the field, advances in therapy, and timely information. Access the information you need easily and rapidly with new succinct chapter summaries that include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a richly illustrated, full-color format that includes 1500 photographs for enhanced visual guidance.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Author : National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.). Division of STD/HIV Prevention
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Sexually Transmitted Diseases by : National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.). Division of STD/HIV Prevention

Download or read book Sexually Transmitted Diseases written by National Center for Prevention Services (U.S.). Division of STD/HIV Prevention and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Infectious Diseases of the Female Genital Tract

Author : Richard L. Sweet
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 : 1451148577
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Infectious Diseases of the Female Genital Tract by : Richard L. Sweet

Download or read book Infectious Diseases of the Female Genital Tract written by Richard L. Sweet and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly updated and now featuring more than 100 full-color illustrations, the Fifth Edition of this comprehensive reference provides current, complete diagnostic and therapeutic information on infectious diseases of the female genital tract. This edition includes new chapters on human papillomavirus and the new vaccines and on infection as a cause of neonatal brain damage. The book emphasizes an evidence-based approach to recommendations and presents current guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. The presentation of material has been streamlined to produce a smaller, more user-friendly text, and the format has been modified to include additional algorithms and tables. A companion Website will offer the fully searchable text and an image bank.

The Immune Impact of Common Sexually Transmitted Viruses and the Vaginal Microbiota

Author : Brett Shannon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis The Immune Impact of Common Sexually Transmitted Viruses and the Vaginal Microbiota by : Brett Shannon

Download or read book The Immune Impact of Common Sexually Transmitted Viruses and the Vaginal Microbiota written by Brett Shannon and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genital inflammation is a key determinant of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and may increase the availability of HIV-susceptible target cells at sites of exposure. The African, Carribean, and other black (ACB) community is at increased risk of HIV acquisition in Toronto and several genital conditions that increase HIV risk are also more prevalent, including bacterial vaginosis, herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Therefore, we assessed the impact of these three genital conditions on mucosal immune cells and cytokines in the female genital tract of ACB women. Endocervical cells and cervicovaginal secretions were collected by cytobrush and Instead Softcup, respectively. T cells and dendritic cells were assessed by flow cytometry, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the microbiota by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing. HSV-2 infection was associated with elevated levels of endocervical HIV target cells (CCR5+ CD4 T cells), Lactobacillus-deficient microbiota was associated with elevated proinflammatory cytokines, prevalent HPV infection was associated with Lactobacillus-deficient microbiota, and HPV clearance was associated with higher numbers of Langerhans cells in the female genital tract. These results suggest multiple ways in which genital conditions are associated with factors that have been shown to influence HIV susceptibility and provides novel targets for future HIV prevention strategies.

Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases

Author : Sabra L. Klein
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031351398
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases by : Sabra L. Klein

Download or read book Sex and Gender Differences in Infection and Treatments for Infectious Diseases written by Sabra L. Klein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and significantly expanded second edition examines sex and gender differences in the immune system's response to bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections. The volume discusses both common and distinct molecular mechanisms that mediate these differences and illustrates how responses to vaccines may differ between the sexes and in pregnant individuals. Special emphasis is placed on the interplay between hormones and the immune system in the pathogenesis of HIV, SARS-CoV-2, influenza, malaria, tuberculosis, and amebiasis. This second edition includes completely rewritten chapters as well as all new contents. This book is intended for researchers in academia and industry as well as clinicians in the fields of microbiology, immunology, and pharmacology. By expanding knowledge in sex and gender medicine as a basis for developing personalized treatment strategies, the book contributes to UN Sustainable Development Goals 3 (health and well-being) and 5 (gender equality).

Nutrition and HIV

Author : Saurabh Mehta
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351058185
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition and HIV by : Saurabh Mehta

Download or read book Nutrition and HIV written by Saurabh Mehta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world continues to lose more than a million lives each year to the HIV epidemic, and nearly two million individuals were infected with HIV in 2017 alone. The new Sustainable Development Goals, adopted by countries of the United Nations in September 2015, include a commitment to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Considerable emphasis on prevention of new infections and treatment of those living with HIV will be needed to make this goal achievable. With nearly 37 million people now living with HIV, it is a communicable disease that behaves like a noncommunicable disease. Nutritional management is integral to comprehensive HIV care and treatment. Improved nutritional status and weight gain can increase recovery and strength of individuals living with HIV/AIDS, improve dietary diversity and caloric intake, and improve quality of life. This book highlights evidence-based research linking nutrition and HIV and identifies research gaps to inform the development of guidelines and policies for the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. A comprehensive approach that includes nutritional interventions is likely to maximize the benefit of antiretroviral therapy in preventing HIV disease progression and other adverse outcomes in HIV-infected men and women. Modification of nutritional status has been shown to enhance the quality of life of those suffering HIV/AIDS, both physically in terms of improved body mass index and immunological markers, and psychologically, by improving symptoms of depression. While the primary focus for those infected should remain on antiretroviral treatment and increasing its availability and coverage, improvement of nutritional status plays a complementary role in the management of HIV infection.

Mucosal Vaccines

Author : Hiroshi Kiyono
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080537057
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Mucosal Vaccines by : Hiroshi Kiyono

Download or read book Mucosal Vaccines written by Hiroshi Kiyono and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology. Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases Unique and user-friendly organization

Textbook of Aging Skin

Author : Miranda A. Farage
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540896554
Total Pages : 1255 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Aging Skin by : Miranda A. Farage

Download or read book Textbook of Aging Skin written by Miranda A. Farage and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 1255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive ‘Major Reference Book’ compiles all current and latest information on aging skin in a two-volume set. Highly structured with a reader-friendly format, it covers a wide range of areas such as basic sciences, the different diseases and conditions which occur with aging (from malignant to non-malignant), the latest techniques and methods being used such as bioengineering methods and biometrics as well as toxicological and safety considerations for the elderly population. It also illustrates the global consumers’ sociological and psychological implications, ethnicity and gender differences and includes marketing considerations for this elderly group. This unique and comprehensive guide will become the main reference textbook on this topic.