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The Hypercycle
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Download or read book The Hypercycle written by M. Eigen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book originated from a series of papers which were published in "Die Naturwissenschaften" in 1977178. Its division into three parts is the reflection of a logic structure, which may be abstracted in the form of three theses: A. Hypercycles are a principle of natural selforganization allowing an inte gration and coherent evolution of a set of functionally coupled self-rep licative entities. B. Hypercycles are a novel class of nonlinear reaction networks with unique properties, amenable to a unified mathematical treatment. C. Hypercycles are able to originate in the mutant distribution of a single Darwinian quasi-species through stabilization of its diverging mutant genes. Once nucleated hypercycles evolve to higher complexity by a process analogous to gene duplication and specialization. In order to outline the meaning of the first statement we may refer to another principle of material selforganization, namely to Darwin's principle of natural selection. This principle as we see it today represents the only understood means for creating information, be it the blue print for a complex living organism which evolved from less complex ancestral forms, or be it a meaningful sequence of letters the selection of which can be simulated by evolutionary model games.
Book Synopsis Mastering the Hype Cycle by : Jackie Fenn
Download or read book Mastering the Hype Cycle written by Jackie Fenn and published by Harvard Business Press. This book was released on 2008-10-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It happens over and over again. Some innovation (a new product, a management trend) comes along that captures the public's imagination. Everybody joins the parade with great fanfare and high expectations. This "next big thing" promises to transform the companies that adopt it -- and inflict great peril on those that don't. Then, when the innovation fails to deliver as promised immediately, everyone starts bailing out. Investments are wasted; stock prices plunge; disillusionment sets in. It doesn't have to be this way. In Mastering the Hype Cycle, Jackie Fenn and Mark Raskino explain what drives this pattern and how your company can avoid its potential dangers. By understanding the hype cycle, you can ride it more skillfully -- timing your investment decisions so that the innovations you adopt stand the best chance of succeeding in the long-term. Drawing on company examples and Gartner's proven STREET (Scope, Track, Rank, Evaluate, Evangelize, Transfer) framework, the authors show how to orchestrate the key steps in the innovation-adoption process -- from choosing which innovations to take on and when in their life cycle you should adopt, to paving the way for a successful introduction. The hype cycle isn't going away. But this book arms you with the strategies you need to ride the crest of a new idea to success -- and steer clear of the trough of disillusionment.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Energy Production and Consumption by : Frano Barbir
Download or read book Sustainable Energy Production and Consumption written by Frano Barbir and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy and environmental security are major problems facing our global economy. Fossil fuels, particularly crude oil, are confined to a few regions of the world and the continuity of supply is governed by dynamic political, economic and ecological factors. These factors conspire to force volatile, often high fuel prices while, at the same time, environmental policy is - manding a reduction in greenhouse gases and toxic emissions. Yet incr- sed growth and demand for welfare by developed and developing countries are placing higher pressure on energy resources. In particular, a large fraction of “new consumers” in developing countries already reached a purchasing power high enough as to be able to access to commodity and energy markets worldwide, thus boosting energy consumption and competition for all kinds of resources. Such a trend, although in principle may represent a progress towards diffuse welfare and wealth as well as much needed equity, is at present contributing to a rush for the appropriation of available resources which are directly and indirectly linked to energy and may contribute to planetary instability if it is not adequately understood and managed. A coherent energy strategy is required, addressing both energy supply and demand, security of access, development problems, equity, market dy- mics, by also taking into account the whole energy lifecycle including fuel production, transmission and distribution, energy conversion, and the impact on energy equipment manufacturers and the end-users of energy systems.
Download or read book Protocells written by Steen Rasmussen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 723 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive general resource on state-of-the-art protocell research, describing current approaches to making new forms of life from scratch in the laboratory. Protocells offers a comprehensive resource on current attempts to create simple forms of life from scratch in the laboratory. These minimal versions of cells, known as protocells, are entities with lifelike properties created from nonliving materials, and the book provides in-depth investigations of processes at the interface between nonliving and living matter. Chapters by experts in the field put this state-of-the-art research in the context of theory, laboratory work, and computer simulations on the components and properties of protocells. The book also provides perspectives on research in related areas and such broader societal issues as commercial applications and ethical considerations. The book covers all major scientific approaches to creating minimal life, both in the laboratory and in simulation. It emphasizes the bottom-up view of physicists, chemists, and material scientists but also includes the molecular biologists' top-down approach and the origin-of-life perspective. The capacity to engineer living technology could have an enormous socioeconomic impact and could bring both good and ill. Protocells promises to be the essential reference for research on bottom-up assembly of life and living technology for years to come. It is written to be both resource and inspiration for scientists working in this exciting and important field and a definitive text for the interested layman.
Book Synopsis ICGG 2020 - Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Geometry and Graphics by : Liang-Yee Cheng
Download or read book ICGG 2020 - Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Geometry and Graphics written by Liang-Yee Cheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 966 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers various aspects of Geometry and Graphics, from recent achievements on theoretical researches to a wide range of innovative applications, as well as new teaching methodologies and experiences, and reinterpretations and findings about the masterpieces of the past. It is from the 19th International Conference on Geometry and Graphics, which was held in São Paulo, Brazil. The conference started in 1978 and is promoted by the International Society for Geometry and Graphics, which aims to foster international collaboration and stimulate the scientific research and teaching methodology in the fields of Geometry and Graphics. Organized five topics, which are Theoretical Graphics and Geometry; Applied Geometry and Graphics; Engineering Computer Graphics; Graphics Education and Geometry; Graphics in History, the book is intended for the professionals, academics and researchers in architecture, engineering, industrial design, mathematics and arts involved in the multidisciplinary field.
Download or read book Systems Biology written by Edda Klipp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-27 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook is tailored for an introductory course in Systems Biology and is well-suited for biologists as well as engineers and computer scientists. It comes with student-friendly reading lists and a companion website featuring a short exam prep version of the book and educational modeling programs. The text is written in an easily accessible style and includes numerous worked examples and study questions in each chapter. For this edition, a section on medical systems biology has been included.
Book Synopsis Life: An Introduction to Complex Systems Biology by : Kunihiko Kaneko
Download or read book Life: An Introduction to Complex Systems Biology written by Kunihiko Kaneko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-09-14 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines life not from the reductionist point of view, but rather asks the questions: what are the universal properties of living systems, and how can one construct from there a phenomenological theory of life that leads naturally to complex processes such as reproductive cellular systems, evolution and differentiation? The presentation is relatively non-technical to appeal to a broad spectrum of students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Advanced Polytopic Projects by : Octavian Iordache
Download or read book Advanced Polytopic Projects written by Octavian Iordache and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on new developments in polytopic projects, particularly on implementation domains and case studies, as well as high-dimensional methodology. Polytopic projects are based on a general reference architecture inspired and shared by the functional organization of organisms and enterprises as informational and cognitive systems, the scientific and engineering methodology and the operational structure of existing self-evolvable and self-sustainable systems.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Astrobiology by : Muriel Gargaud
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Astrobiology written by Muriel Gargaud and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-27 with total page 3376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology serves as the key to a common understanding in the extremely interdisciplinary community of astrobiologists. Each new or experienced researcher and graduate student in adjacent fields of astrobiology will appreciate this reference work in the quest to understand the big picture. The carefully selected group of active researchers contributing to this work are aiming to give a comprehensive international perspective on and to accelerate the interdisciplinary advance of astrobiology. The interdisciplinary field of astrobiology constitutes a joint arena where provocative discoveries are coalescing concerning, e.g. the prevalence of exoplanets, the diversity and hardiness of life, and its chances for emergence. Biologists, astrophysicists, (bio)-chemists, geoscientists and space scientists share this exciting mission of revealing the origin and commonality of life in the Universe. With its overview articles and its definitions the Encyclopedia of Astrobiology not only provides a common language and understanding for the members of the different disciplines but also serves for educating a new generation of young astrobiologists who are no longer separated by the jargon of individual scientific disciplines. This new edition offers ~170 new entries. More than half of the existing entries were updated, expanded or supplemented with figures supporting the understanding of the text. Especially in the fields of astrochemistry and terrestrial extremophiles but also in exoplanets and space sciences in general there is a huge body of new results that have been taken into account in this new edition. Because the entries in the Encyclopedia are in alphabetical order without regard for scientific field, this edition includes a section “Astrobiology by Discipline” which lists the entries by scientific field and subfield. This should be particularly helpful to those enquiring about astrobiology, as it illustrates the broad and detailed nature of the field.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Identity and Creativity by : Carsten Herrmann-Pillath
Download or read book The Economics of Identity and Creativity written by Carsten Herrmann-Pillath and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Identity and Creativity aims to sythesize naturalistic evolutionary theory while discussing new developments in economics. The author's approach reexamines fundamental assumptions about how a capitalist economy works, from the relation between producers and consumers to the functioning of intellectual property rights. In the creative economy, the author argues, identities merge with the flow of creative action. To explain these changes, he draws upon a range of theories from analytical philosophy to biology, and from economics to sociology. The first part of the book examines the role of language in the naturalistic approach to cultural science. Hermann-Pillath draws on Darwinian evolutionary theory to map a concept of knowledge. Part Two offers a systematic approach to creativity and identity from the naturalistic point of view developed in Part One. Here the author builds a theory of creativity from the ideas of conceptual blending in the cognitive sciences. Herrmann-Pillath presents a theory of identity based on analytical philosophy, and looks at the problems in fixing the boundaries of an individual identity both in biological evolutionary theory and brain sciences. He takes the concept of identity through the current economic approaches, examining the distinction between social and personal identity. This fascinating interdisciplinary work provides a precise argument that the foundations of economics can be found in cultural science, and it has evolved to become the cultural institution at the core of the modern economy.
Book Synopsis Artificial Life 8 by : Russell K. Standish
Download or read book Artificial Life 8 written by Russell K. Standish and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How high-level behaviors arise from low-level rules, and how understanding this relationship can suggest novel solutions to complex real-world problems such as disease prevention, stock-market prediction, and data mining on the Internet. The term "artificial life" describes research into synthetic systems that possess some of the essential properties of life. This interdisciplinary field includes biologists, computer scientists, physicists, chemists, geneticists, and others. Artificial life may be viewed as an attempt to understand high-level behavior from low-level rules -- for example, how the simple interactions between ants and their environment lead to complex trail-following behavior. An understanding of such relationships in particular systems can suggest novel solutions to complex real-world problems such as disease prevention, stock-market prediction, and data mining on the Internet. Since their inception in 1987, the Artificial Life meetings have grown from small workshops to truly international conferences, reflecting the field's increasing appeal to researchers in all areas of science.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Mathematical Biology by : Simon A. Levin
Download or read book Frontiers in Mathematical Biology written by Simon A. Levin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a mathematical point of view, physiologically structured population models are an underdeveloped branch of the theory of infinite dimensional dynamical systems. We have called attention to four aspects: (i) A choice has to be made about the kind of equations one extracts from the predominantly verbal arguments about the basic assumptions, and subsequently uses as a starting point for a rigorous mathematical analysis. Though differential equations are easy to formulate (different mechanisms don't interact in infinites imal time intervals and so end up as separate terms in the equations) they may be hard to interpret rigorously as infinitesimal generators. Integral equations constitute an attractive alternative. (ii) The ability of physiologically structured population models to increase our un derstanding of the relation between mechanisms at the i-level and phenomena at the p-level will depend strongly on the development of dynamical systems lab facilities which are applicable to this class of models. (iii) Physiologically structured population models are ideally suited for the for mulation of evolutionary questions. Apart from the special case of age (see Charlesworth 1980, Yodzis 1989, Caswell 1989, and the references given there) hardly any theory exists at the moment. This will, hopefully, change rapidly in the coming years. Again the development of appropriate software may turn out to be crucial.
Book Synopsis Matrices and Trigonometry by : Isiah Mcneil
Download or read book Matrices and Trigonometry written by Isiah Mcneil and published by Scientific e-Resources. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Matrices and Determinants were discovered and developed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Initially, their development dealt with transformation of geometric objects and solution of systems of linear equations. Historically, the early emphasis was on the determinant, not the matrix. In modern treatments of linear algebra, matrices are considered first. We will not speculate much on this issue. The trigonometric functions (especially sine and cosine) for real or complex square matrices occur in solutions of second-order systems of differential equations. Trigonometry is a branch of mathematics that studies triangles, particularly right triangles. It deals with relationships between the sides and the angles of triangles and with the trigonometric functions, which describe those relationships, as well as describing angles in general and the motion of waves such as sound and light waves. Trigonometric concepts are used to minimize the amount of measuring . These concepts depend on the concepts of enlargement and similarity. Equiangular triangles have the same shape, but only in the special case of congruency they do have the same size. Any set of similar triangles has the invariant property of proportionality; that is, ratios of pairs of corresponding sides are in the same proportion. In the language of transformation geometry, for similar triangles, one triangle is an enlargement of another, or any triangle can be transformed into another by applying the same scale factor to each part of the triangle. In the case of a fractional scale factor the enlargement is, in fact, a reduction. It is hoped that the book would be highly useful for the students and teachers of mathematics. Students aspiring to successfully accomplish engineering and also those preparing for various competitive examinations are likely to find this book of much help.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Life on Earth by : Iris Fry
Download or read book The Emergence of Life on Earth written by Iris Fry and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did life emerge on Earth? Is there life on other worlds? These questions, until recently confined to the pages of speculative essays and tabloid headlines, are now the subject of legitimate scientific research. This book presents a unique perspective--a combined historical, scientific, and philosophical analysis, which does justice to the complex nature of the subject. The book's first part offers an overview of the main ideas on the origin of life as they developed from antiquity until the twentieth century. The second, more detailed part of the book examines contemporary theories and major debates within the origin-of-life scientific community. Topics include: Aristotle and the Greek atomists' conceptions of the organism Alexander Oparin and J.B.S. Haldane's 1920s breakthrough papers Possible life on Mars?
Book Synopsis The Origins of Order by : Stuart A. Kauffman
Download or read book The Origins of Order written by Stuart A. Kauffman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph extends the basic concepts of Darwinian evolution to accommodate recent findings and perspectives from the fields of biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics. It explains how complex systems, contrary to expectations, can spontaneously exhibit degrees of order.
Author : Publisher :Springer Nature ISBN 13 :3031741536 Total Pages :680 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (317 download)
Download or read book written by and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Nonlinear Science by : Alwyn Scott
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Nonlinear Science written by Alwyn Scott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-05-17 with total page 1107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 438 alphabetically-arranged essays, this work provides a useful overview of the core mathematical background for nonlinear science, as well as its applications to key problems in ecology and biological systems, chemical reaction-diffusion problems, geophysics, economics, electrical and mechanical oscillations in engineering systems, lasers and nonlinear optics, fluid mechanics and turbulence, and condensed matter physics, among others.
