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The Hydrology Of Phosphorus Transport In Watersheds Of Mixed Agricultural And Forest Land Use
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Book Synopsis The Hydrology of Phosphorus Transport in Watersheds of Mixed Agricultural and Forest Land Use by : Christopher Anand Scott
Download or read book The Hydrology of Phosphorus Transport in Watersheds of Mixed Agricultural and Forest Land Use written by Christopher Anand Scott and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phosphorus Transport in Rivers written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research work contained in this report concerns the transport of total phosphorus and orthophosphorus to Lake Erie. The various calculational techniques for analyzing data obtained from Lake Erie tributaries are presented. These calculations were developed to determine the source of the phosphorus and to quantify the input to the lake. The source and quantity of phosphorus devised for Lake Erie. The first section of this report presents the basic concepts, mass balances (that applied to the water and that applied to the phosphorus), and force relationships. The second section of this report concerns the quantification of total phosphorus input to Lake Erie river basins and shortline sources. A computational method called the Flow Interval Method was devised to permit the calculaion of total phosphorus influx without measuring the total phosphorus concentration for the entire year. Another important aspect of reducing total phosphorus influx from river basins is the understanding of the transport processes in rivers. The third section of this report concerns the transport of total phosphorus during storm events. The fourth section of this report presents the derivation of the necessary equations used to calculate the distance of the travel density function form measurements of the water flow rate and the total phosphorus concentrations at a point in the stream.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309679702 Total Pages :423 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-12-04 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York City's municipal water supply system provides about 1 billion gallons of drinking water a day to over 8.5 million people in New York City and about 1 million people living in nearby Westchester, Putnam, Ulster, and Orange counties. The combined water supply system includes 19 reservoirs and three controlled lakes with a total storage capacity of approximately 580 billion gallons. The city's Watershed Protection Program is intended to maintain and enhance the high quality of these surface water sources. Review of the New York City Watershed Protection Program assesses the efficacy and future of New York City's watershed management activities. The report identifies program areas that may require future change or action, including continued efforts to address turbidity and responding to changes in reservoir water quality as a result of climate change.
Book Synopsis Watershed Buffering of Anthropogenic Phosphorus Pressure by : Anna Kusmer
Download or read book Watershed Buffering of Anthropogenic Phosphorus Pressure written by Anna Kusmer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Phosphorus (P) is a non-renewable resource that is an essential element for agricultural crop production. However, when excess P enters fresh and coastal water systems, it can result in undesirable impacts such as the excessive growth of algae species and oxygen depletion. Millions of tonnes of P are applied to agricultural lands every year in the form of phosphate fertilizer to increase yields. While some of this P is taken up by crops, much is left on the land, and this P has a tendency to stay in the soil, which results in a build-up of P in agricultural landscapes that can last years or even centuries. This build-up of historic P inputs, also known as "legacy P", represents a threat to surrounding water bodies because erosion and runoff processes can transport P-enriched soils to water systems.The processes that transport P from upland soils to water bodies are varied depending on the biological and biophysical features of the landscape as well as the human management features of the landscape. Together, these features mediate the residence time of P in the soils and landscape. The ability of a watershed to retain historic P inputs is its "buffering capacity", its ability to buffer the water quality from the impact of current and historic P inputs to the watershed. In this thesis, I ask, "how does buffering capacity vary among watersheds in southern Quebec over a thirty-year period of intensive farming?" and "which watershed characteristics impact watersheds' buffering capacity and the transport of legacy P from land to water systems?"I used two different methods to determine the buffering capacity of watersheds. One method compares the long-term P accumulation of a watershed to current day riverine P flux values. I call this the Buffering Index (BI). The other method, known as Extended End-Member Mixing Analysis (E-EMMA) uses hydrological modeling to estimate the degree to which P is retained and released by watershed ecosystems as water moves through the landscape. These two values were calculated for sixteen different watersheds in the Saint Lawrence Basin, in Quebec, Canada, spanning a thirty-year period (1981-2011). I then compared these values to geochemical, hydrological, landscape, and socio-ecological factors to determine which factors are important in predicting buffering capacity. All of the study watersheds have been accumulating P in their soils throughout the study period. My comparison of average riverine P flux values with average NAPI values showed that the study watersheds retained, on average, between 58% and 97% of net imported P in a given year. In general, watersheds with more P accumulation have higher riverine P flux; however, in many watersheds, riverine P flux has decreased over the study period, despite the fact that the amount of P accumulation in the watersheds has continued to mount over this time. I found a range of BI and E-EMMA values among the watersheds, along with a range of geochemical, hydrological, landscape, and socio-ecological characteristics. There was no correlation between the two buffering metrics calculated for the watersheds suggesting that these two metrics measure different buffering phenomena. However, each of the buffering indicators correlate with various watershed characteristics. This suggests that geochemistry, hydrology, and landscape features may, indeed, play a role in determining various aspects of the overall buffering capacity of watersheds. Determining which landscape features impact agricultural landscape buffering capacity can help us to understand how landscapes can be managed to increase their resilience to external pressure and identify leverage points for more holistic land management. A greater understanding of how buffering capacity is conferred on a watershed can also help identify which watersheds are particularly vulnerable to P pressure that could arise from changes in land use, including agricultural intensification and urbanization. " --
Book Synopsis Land Use, Seasonal, and Drought Effects on Phosphorus from Owasco Lake Tributaries by : Maria Sol Lisboa
Download or read book Land Use, Seasonal, and Drought Effects on Phosphorus from Owasco Lake Tributaries written by Maria Sol Lisboa and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-point source pollution (NPS), especially from agricultural runoff, is a leading contributor to water quality impairments in the U.S. Lately, attention to nutrient pollution, specially to phosphorus, has arisen due to disturbing increases in seasonal toxic blue-green algal blooms. To improve our understanding of how land use and seasonal weather patterns impact runoff and nutrient loading in temperate areas, we investigated the effect of different land uses on P inputs into Owasco Lake, in central NY. In addition, the inputs were evaluated in the context of a prolonged drought that affected the northeastern U.S. during 2016. Monitoring of base and high flow conditions was conducted between December 2015 and November 2016 at sites located along twelve tributaries to the lake, representing the dominating land uses in the watershed (i.e.: agriculture and forest). Small watersheds were chosen to be able to isolate impacts of particular land uses. The results show a strong interaction of seasonal and land use effects, with the drought event masking the effect of agricultural and mixed land use on P loads; and with the highest loads registering during the first rain event after the drought, exacerbating the agricultural impact on water quality. These findings are an important contribution from a management perspective, as projections for the Northeast US suggest that, although total precipitation will remain relatively stable, summer rains are likely to become concentrated in fewer events of higher intensities, interspaced with more prolonged dry periods. We consider it absolutely critical to incorporate detailed timing management practices for fertilizer and/or manure application relative to runoff producing storm events, in order to mitigate climate extremes impact on water quality.
Book Synopsis Water Quality, Hydrology, and the Effects of Changes in Phosphorus Loading to Pike Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, with Special Emphasis on Inlet-to-outlet Short-circuiting by : William J. Rose
Download or read book Water Quality, Hydrology, and the Effects of Changes in Phosphorus Loading to Pike Lake, Washington County, Wisconsin, with Special Emphasis on Inlet-to-outlet Short-circuiting written by William J. Rose and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses by : Walter H. Wischmeier
Download or read book Predicting Rainfall Erosion Losses written by Walter H. Wischmeier and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) enables planners to predict the average rate of soil erosion for each feasible alternative combination of crop system and management practices in association with a specified soil type, rainfall pattern, and topography. When these predicted losses are compared with given soil loss tolerances, they provide specific guidelines for effecting erosion control within specified limits. The equation groups the numerous interrelated physical and management parameters that influence erosion rate under six major factors whose site-specific values can be expressed numerically. A half century of erosion research in many States has supplied information from which at least approximate values of the USLE factors can be obtained for specified farm fields or other small erosion prone areas throughout the United States. Tables and charts presented in this handbook make this information readily available for field use. Significant limitations in the available data are identified.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus Loading from a Monitored Dairy Farm Landscape by : Wells Dean Hively
Download or read book Phosphorus Loading from a Monitored Dairy Farm Landscape written by Wells Dean Hively and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Land Use Change on Phosphorus Transport in an Urbanizing Watershed by : Camelia E. Rusmir
Download or read book Effects of Land Use Change on Phosphorus Transport in an Urbanizing Watershed written by Camelia E. Rusmir and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Phosphorus Transport Model for Small Agricultural Watersheds by : A. Rousseau
Download or read book A Phosphorus Transport Model for Small Agricultural Watersheds written by A. Rousseau and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Watershed Hydrology by : Vijay P. Singh
Download or read book Watershed Hydrology written by Vijay P. Singh and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Urban-wastewater Reuse for Crop Production in the Water-short Guanajuato River Basin, Mexico by : Christopher Anand Scott
Download or read book Urban-wastewater Reuse for Crop Production in the Water-short Guanajuato River Basin, Mexico written by Christopher Anand Scott and published by IWMI. This book was released on 2000 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a river-basin perspective, wastewater irrigation is an important form of water and nutrient reuse; however, there are important water quality, environmental, and public health considerations. This report explores the advantages and risks of urban wastewater reuse for crop production in the water-short Guanajuato river-basin in west-central Mexico, and then by a selective literature review demonstrates how common this practice is worldwide. It also evaluates several alternative water-management scenarios through application of the Interactive River Aquifer Simulation (IRAS) model, developed by Cornell University and Resource Planning Associates.
Book Synopsis Clean Coastal Waters by : National Research Council
Download or read book Clean Coastal Waters written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental problems in coastal ecosystems can sometimes be attributed to excess nutrients flowing from upstream watersheds into estuarine settings. This nutrient over-enrichment can result in toxic algal blooms, shellfish poisoning, coral reef destruction, and other harmful outcomes. All U.S. coasts show signs of nutrient over-enrichment, and scientists predict worsening problems in the years ahead. Clean Coastal Waters explains technical aspects of nutrient over-enrichment and proposes both immediate local action by coastal managers and a longer-term national strategy incorporating policy design, classification of affected sites, law and regulation, coordination, and communication. Highlighting the Gulf of Mexico's "Dead Zone," the Pfiesteria outbreak in a tributary of Chesapeake Bay, and other cases, the book explains how nutrients work in the environment, why nitrogen is important, how enrichment turns into over-enrichment, and why some environments are especially susceptible. Economic as well as ecological impacts are examined. In addressing abatement strategies, the committee discusses the importance of monitoring sites, developing useful models of over-enrichment, and setting water quality goals. The book also reviews voluntary programs, mandatory controls, tax incentives, and other policy options for reducing the flow of nutrients from agricultural operations and other sources.
Book Synopsis Selected Water Resources Abstracts by :
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Watershed Management for Potable Water Supply by : National Research Council
Download or read book Watershed Management for Potable Water Supply written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-02-17 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1997, New York City adopted a mammoth watershed agreement to protect its drinking water and avoid filtration of its large upstate surface water supply. Shortly thereafter, the NRC began an analysis of the agreement's scientific validity. The resulting book finds New York City's watershed agreement to be a good template for proactive watershed management that, if properly implemented, will maintain high water quality. However, it cautions that the agreement is not a guarantee of permanent filtration avoidance because of changing regulations, uncertainties regarding pollution sources, advances in treatment technologies, and natural variations in watershed conditions. The book recommends that New York City place its highest priority on pathogenic microorganisms in the watershed and direct its resources toward improving methods for detecting pathogens, understanding pathogen transport and fate, and demonstrating that best management practices will remove pathogens. Other recommendations, which are broadly applicable to surface water supplies across the country, target buffer zones, stormwater management, water quality monitoring, and effluent trading.
