The French Influence On Middle English

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The French Influence on Middle English

Author : Nadja Litschko
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638266974
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Influence on Middle English by : Nadja Litschko

Download or read book The French Influence on Middle English written by Nadja Litschko and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-04-12 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2 (B), http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Anglistics/ American Studies), course: PS Introduction to Chaucer's Middle English, language: English, abstract: The English language has undergone tremendous changes over the years of its development from Old English to the Modern English as it is known today. During that time, especially during the Middle English period, several other languages exerted a significant influence and were therefore partly responsible for the changes brought to English over the years. These languages were Latin, French and Old Norse. This paper will focus on the influence of the French language on Middle English, brought on by the Norman Conquest through William the Conqueror. First there will be an explanation of the historical events, which preceded the developments in the England. Afterwards the focus of this paper will rest on the effect of the French language on the Middle English vocabulary, spelling and phonology. This will be explained on the example of an extract of Geoffrey Chaucer's The Nun's Priest Tale. During the course of this paper it will be proved that the French language was one of the main influences, which affected the English language during the Middle Ages.

The French Influence on Middle English Morphology

Author : Christiane Dalton-Puffer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110822113
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Influence on Middle English Morphology by : Christiane Dalton-Puffer

Download or read book The French Influence on Middle English Morphology written by Christiane Dalton-Puffer and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics.

The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english

Author : Claudia Stehr
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638783561
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (387 download)

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Book Synopsis The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english by : Claudia Stehr

Download or read book The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english written by Claudia Stehr and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2000 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Braunschweig (Englisches Seminar), course: Historical Linguistics, 7 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The French influence on the English vocabulary had its greatest expansion in the period of the Middle English (1150 – 1500). During this time over 10,000 French words were adapted into the English language and about 75 per cent of these are still in use. The reasons for that are, firstly, the bilingualism in England which had been prevailing since the Norman Conquest in 1066. Secondly, the English culture was regarded as inferior, i.e. it had more to gain from the language spoken by the upper classes. Although, these extensive changes were important for the improvement of the English language, there were also disadvantages to it. The loss of native words, the different Middle English dialects, the need of a Standard English are only some examples for this. Does that mean the English we speak today would not have been the same, if there had been no French influence? Undoubtedly, every influence on something does change the circumstances of it, otherwise it would not be an influence. The question now would be, if English really profited from the French language or if it was more a drawback to its further development. I want to deal with this matter of fact in my research paper. I will show the historical conditions from the Norman Conquest up to the 15th century in a diachronical way, as it is important to know about the situation in England at that time to understand the changes in the English language. As the French influence hardly affected the English grammar, I only consider the changes in the vocabulary. I also briefly refer to other language borrowings to show that the French influence was not the only one, but the most effective in the period of great change – the Middle English.

Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English

Author : Lydia Albrecht
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656257655
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (562 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English by : Lydia Albrecht

Download or read book Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English written by Lydia Albrecht and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Potsdam, course: Seminar Middle English, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction I started learning English as my first foreign language at the age of eight, followed by French as the second at the age of eleven. Soon, I recognised similarities of the vocabulary of the two languages, not knowing why, since the grammatical structure and the declension of nouns etc. was obviously different. Of course, I was too young to think it over. However, during my studies of English linguistics I was taught the basic knowledge about the relation between French and English. Since I had learned that most of the words I knew from French were also borrowed into English, I was particularly interested in the process of this phenomenon. Which events and developments were responsible for the adoption of so many words? The Middle English period was characterised by many changes- both in its social and linguistic situation. In 1066 the Norman Conquest occurred marking the starting point of the most influencing era throughout the history of the English language. After the Conquest there were two main waves of immigration. Firstly, French upper class people migrated to the occupied British Island bringing their language with them, and English lost its status as the official language. Secondly, about two hundred years later, those French people lost their connection to the continent, when king John lost Normandy, and English was about to reinforce again. However, soon new French invasions occurred and a new French variety was brought to the Island which led to an increasing number of new vocabulary and the English language had to be enforced a second time. (Baugh, 1991) This raises the question why French prevailed in the English language that persistently, although English had been reinforced and had already gained prestige again. This is the matter of interest in this research paper which is concerned with the history of the English language between 1066 and 1400. Generally, it deals with the French influence on the English language, but focusses especially on the impact of Central French, which took place in the second phase (1250- 1500) where most of the vocabulary was adopted.

What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period?

Author : Bahar Ilk
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668170932
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period? by : Bahar Ilk

Download or read book What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period? written by Bahar Ilk and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Duisburg-Essen, language: English, abstract: This term paper is going to examine the occurrence and the influence of French words on English language. The French language has always played a significant role in English. According to Scheler, 38 per cent of English words are of French origin. This high amount leads to the result that almost half of the English vocabulary are of French origin. Due to this striking high set of statistics, the reasons for this will be examined in this paper. Thus, the main aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of French language on English language during the medieval period. This fact has been particularly pronounced over the last decades. Thus, French had influenced the English lexicon a lot due to the Norman invasion. Where two languages exist side by side for a long time, a huge delivery of words from one language to the other is inevitable. A lot of Old English words were replaced by borrowed items, from the French language. Hence, French remnants can be found a lot in English language. In certain cases, there are striking similarities between both languages, which is interesting to analyse. First, it starts with a short introduction of the historical background from the French influence on the English language. French influence is direct and observable upon the vocabulary. There will be some examples of borrowed word fields. Regardingly, derivational affixes from Old French into Middle English play a leading role in this term paper as well. In addition, the focus will also be set on the phonological difference between Norman French and Parisian French and on their influence on English language. The development of these words and their loan into the English language are enormous. Throughout the investigation, one can assume that French had influenced English the most in terms of lexicon, vocabulary and suffixation. If William the Conqueror had not invaded England in 1066, the vocabulary of English language would have looked very different. There would have existed a lot of Old English vocabulary in present day English.

The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts

Author : Richard Ingham
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1903153301
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts by : Richard Ingham

Download or read book The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts written by Richard Ingham and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2010 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection examining the Anglo-Norman language in a variety of texts and contexts, in military, legal, literary and other forms.

A History of the English Language

Author : Albert Croll Baugh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780133891553
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the English Language by : Albert Croll Baugh

Download or read book A History of the English Language written by Albert Croll Baugh and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Language and Culture in Medieval Britain

Author : Jocelyn Wogan-Browne
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1903153476
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Language and Culture in Medieval Britain by : Jocelyn Wogan-Browne

Download or read book Language and Culture in Medieval Britain written by Jocelyn Wogan-Browne and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2013 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundbreaking surveys of the complex interrelationship between the languages of English and French in medieval Britain.

French Loan Words in the English Language

Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656552495
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (565 download)

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Book Synopsis French Loan Words in the English Language by :

Download or read book French Loan Words in the English Language written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (Englisches Seminar), course: English Lexicology: Words and their Meaning, language: English, abstract: The dates for the beginning and end of the Middle English period are rather controversial. But many linguists do agree that by 1100 certain changes to the English language were sufficiently well established to justify the use of the adjective middle to designate the language in what was actually a phase of transition from the English of the early Middle Ages – Old English – to that of the first printed books at the end of the 15th century. During this period many changes occurred that may be noted in nearly every aspect of the language: in its phonology, its semantics and in its lexicon, where many Old English words were replaced by borrowed items from the French language. But although the French influence did not cease with the end of the 15th century, due to its size of merely seven pages this term paper will concentrate on the Middle English period. Starting with a short introduction to the historical background of the French Influence on the English language, there will be examples of the borrowed vocabulary, explanations why they were borrowed and how they can be further distinguished into loan words from Norman and Central French. Moreover, there will be an analysis of how the process of borrowing led to the highly distinctive vocabulary of the English language regarding register and style. The structure of this term paper is chronological as it seemed to be the most appropriate regarding the historical nature of this paper’s topic.

The Influence of the French Language on the German Vocabulary

Author : Richard J. Brunt
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110866595
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Influence of the French Language on the German Vocabulary by : Richard J. Brunt

Download or read book The Influence of the French Language on the German Vocabulary written by Richard J. Brunt and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Studia Linguistica Germanica, founded in 1968 by Ludwig Erich Schmitt and Stefan Sonderegger, is one of the standard publication organs for German Linguistics. The series aims to cover the whole spectrum of the subject, while concentrating on questions relating to language history and the history of linguistic ideas. It includes works on the historical grammar and semantics of German, on the relationship of language and culture, on the history of language theory, on dialectology, on lexicology / lexicography, text linguisticsand on the location of German in the European linguistic context.

French Elements in Middle English

Author : Frederick Henry Sykes
Publisher : Oxford, Eng. : Hart
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis French Elements in Middle English by : Frederick Henry Sykes

Download or read book French Elements in Middle English written by Frederick Henry Sykes and published by Oxford, Eng. : Hart. This book was released on 1899 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The influence of the French language on the English language

Author : Angelika Felser
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668552592
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis The influence of the French language on the English language by : Angelika Felser

Download or read book The influence of the French language on the English language written by Angelika Felser and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 1998 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, University of Münster, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the influence of the French language on the English language. The English was replaced by the French nobility. A bilingual situation was predominant: Whereas people from the upper class spoke the French language, people from lower classes spoke English. The French nobility led a separate life from ordinary people. The English language was considered to be inferior to the French language, and only people like merchants who wanted to communicate with people from the lower classes had to know the English language.

Twentieth Century Borrowings from French to English

Author : Julia Landmann
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443845833
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Twentieth Century Borrowings from French to English by : Julia Landmann

Download or read book Twentieth Century Borrowings from French to English written by Julia Landmann and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: French has long been the donor language par excellence in the history of English. French has contributed to the English vocabulary in the form of new words since before the Norman Conquest. The French influence on the English lexicon represents the focus of linguistic concern in a considerable number of investigations of the language and its development. Yet French borrowings which have recently been adopted into English have as yet figured little if at all in such studies. The present study sets out to shed light on the French impact on English in the recent past. The results presented in this book are based on a corpus of 1677 twentieth-century French borrowings collected from the Oxford English Dictionary Online. On the basis of their meanings, the words under consideration have been assigned to different subject fields in order to give a tour d’horizon of the manifold areas and spheres of life enriched by French in recent times. The first part of the present investigation concentrates on the phonological and orthographical reception of the various borrowings. The focus of this study is on the semantic development of the French borrowings in comparison to their sources in the donor language. Emphasis has been placed upon analysing whether a particular meaning a borrowing assumes after its first attested use is taken over from French, or whether it represents an independent semantic change within English.

French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period

Author : Dana Melzer
Publisher : Grin Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783640334247
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period by : Dana Melzer

Download or read book French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period written by Dana Melzer and published by Grin Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Leipzig (Institut für Anglistik), course: Sprachwandel Englisch, language: English, abstract: The English language has undergone immense changes over the years of its development from Old English to Modern English as it is known today. It has been shaped by a number of other languages over the centuries. During the Old English period the English language, which was based on the dialects of three Germanic tribes (Angles, Jutes and Saxons), was already influenced by different invading armies like the Celts (Celtic), the Roman missionaries (Latin) and the Viking raiders (Old-Norse). But especially during the Middle English period (1150 - 1500) another language, namely French, exerted a significant influence on the English language and were therefore responsible for great changes brought to English over the years. During this time over 10,000 French words were adopted into English and about 75 per cent of these are still in use. But changes did not just happen in the English vocabulary. The grammar (mainly word order), the spelling and pronounciation had to undergo changes, as well. It was a period of great change where English turned from an inflected language with a relatively free word order into a language with reduced inflection and a more rigid word order. The linguistic justification for considering the end of the 15th century as the end of the Middle English period is the complete restructuring of the English vowel system that affected all long stressed vowels known as the Great Vowel Shift. Although, these enormous changes were important for the improvement of the English language, there were also disadvantages to it. The loss of native words, the different Middle English dialects and the need of a Standard English are only some examples for this. This paper will focus on the French influence on Middle English from the Norman Conq

A History of the English Language

Author : Elly van Gelderen
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9027270430
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the English Language by : Elly van Gelderen

Download or read book A History of the English Language written by Elly van Gelderen and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-04-03 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The English language in its complex shapes and forms changes fast. This thoroughly revised edition has been refreshed with current examples of change and has been updated regarding archeological research. Most suggestions brought up by users and reviewers have been incorporated, for instance, a family tree for Germanic has been added, Celtic influence is highlighted much more, there is more on the origin of Chancery English, and internal and external change are discussed in much greater detail. The philosophy of the revised book remains the same with an emphasis on the linguistic history and on using authentic texts. My audience remains undergraduates (and beginning graduates). The goals of the class and the book are to come to recognize English from various time periods, to be able to read each stage with a glossary, to get an understanding of typical language change, internal and external, and to understand something about language typology through the emphasis on the change from synthetic to analytic. This book has a companion website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/z.183.website

The Oxford History of English

Author : Lynda Mugglestone
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199660166
Total Pages : 613 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford History of English by : Lynda Mugglestone

Download or read book The Oxford History of English written by Lynda Mugglestone and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text traces the language from its obscure Indo-European roots to its 21st-century position as the world's first language. It describes the history of English within the British Isles, its changing roles in different places, and its rise to global pre-eminence.

Thomas Paine and the French Revolution

Author : Carine Lounissi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319752898
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Thomas Paine and the French Revolution by : Carine Lounissi

Download or read book Thomas Paine and the French Revolution written by Carine Lounissi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores Thomas Paine's French decade, from the publication of the first part of Rights of Man in the spring of 1791 to his return trip to the United States in the fall of 1802. It examines Paine's multifarious activities during this period as a thinker, writer, member of the French Convention, lobbyist, adviser to French governments, officious diplomat and propagandist. Using previously neglected sources and archival material, Carine Lounissi demonstrates both how his republicanism was challenged, bolstered and altered by this French experience, and how his positions at key moments of the history of the French experiment forced major participants in the Revolution to defend or question the kind of regime or of republic they wished to set up. As a member of the Lafayette circle when writing the manuscript of Rights of Man, of the Girondin constellation in the Convention, one of the few democrats who defended universal suffrage after Thermidor, and as a member of the Constitutional Circle which promoted a kind of republic which did not match his ideas, Paine baffled his contemporaries and still puzzles the present-day scholar. This book intends to offer a new perspective on Paine, and on how this major agent of revolutions contributed to the debate on the French Revolution both in France and outside France.