French Influence On The English Languange In The Middle English Period

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The French Influence on Middle English

Author : Nadja Litschko
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638266974
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (382 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Influence on Middle English by : Nadja Litschko

Download or read book The French Influence on Middle English written by Nadja Litschko and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2004-04-12 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2003 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2 (B), http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Anglistics/ American Studies), course: PS Introduction to Chaucer's Middle English, language: English, abstract: The English language has undergone tremendous changes over the years of its development from Old English to the Modern English as it is known today. During that time, especially during the Middle English period, several other languages exerted a significant influence and were therefore partly responsible for the changes brought to English over the years. These languages were Latin, French and Old Norse. This paper will focus on the influence of the French language on Middle English, brought on by the Norman Conquest through William the Conqueror. First there will be an explanation of the historical events, which preceded the developments in the England. Afterwards the focus of this paper will rest on the effect of the French language on the Middle English vocabulary, spelling and phonology. This will be explained on the example of an extract of Geoffrey Chaucer's The Nun's Priest Tale. During the course of this paper it will be proved that the French language was one of the main influences, which affected the English language during the Middle Ages.

The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english

Author : Claudia Stehr
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638783561
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (387 download)

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Book Synopsis The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english by : Claudia Stehr

Download or read book The french influence on the english vocabulary in middle english written by Claudia Stehr and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2000 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Braunschweig (Englisches Seminar), course: Historical Linguistics, 7 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: The French influence on the English vocabulary had its greatest expansion in the period of the Middle English (1150 – 1500). During this time over 10,000 French words were adapted into the English language and about 75 per cent of these are still in use. The reasons for that are, firstly, the bilingualism in England which had been prevailing since the Norman Conquest in 1066. Secondly, the English culture was regarded as inferior, i.e. it had more to gain from the language spoken by the upper classes. Although, these extensive changes were important for the improvement of the English language, there were also disadvantages to it. The loss of native words, the different Middle English dialects, the need of a Standard English are only some examples for this. Does that mean the English we speak today would not have been the same, if there had been no French influence? Undoubtedly, every influence on something does change the circumstances of it, otherwise it would not be an influence. The question now would be, if English really profited from the French language or if it was more a drawback to its further development. I want to deal with this matter of fact in my research paper. I will show the historical conditions from the Norman Conquest up to the 15th century in a diachronical way, as it is important to know about the situation in England at that time to understand the changes in the English language. As the French influence hardly affected the English grammar, I only consider the changes in the vocabulary. I also briefly refer to other language borrowings to show that the French influence was not the only one, but the most effective in the period of great change – the Middle English.

What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period?

Author : Bahar Ilk
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668170932
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (681 download)

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Book Synopsis What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period? by : Bahar Ilk

Download or read book What Influence did French have on English During the Middle English Period? written by Bahar Ilk and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Duisburg-Essen, language: English, abstract: This term paper is going to examine the occurrence and the influence of French words on English language. The French language has always played a significant role in English. According to Scheler, 38 per cent of English words are of French origin. This high amount leads to the result that almost half of the English vocabulary are of French origin. Due to this striking high set of statistics, the reasons for this will be examined in this paper. Thus, the main aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of French language on English language during the medieval period. This fact has been particularly pronounced over the last decades. Thus, French had influenced the English lexicon a lot due to the Norman invasion. Where two languages exist side by side for a long time, a huge delivery of words from one language to the other is inevitable. A lot of Old English words were replaced by borrowed items, from the French language. Hence, French remnants can be found a lot in English language. In certain cases, there are striking similarities between both languages, which is interesting to analyse. First, it starts with a short introduction of the historical background from the French influence on the English language. French influence is direct and observable upon the vocabulary. There will be some examples of borrowed word fields. Regardingly, derivational affixes from Old French into Middle English play a leading role in this term paper as well. In addition, the focus will also be set on the phonological difference between Norman French and Parisian French and on their influence on English language. The development of these words and their loan into the English language are enormous. Throughout the investigation, one can assume that French had influenced English the most in terms of lexicon, vocabulary and suffixation. If William the Conqueror had not invaded England in 1066, the vocabulary of English language would have looked very different. There would have existed a lot of Old English vocabulary in present day English.

Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English

Author : Lydia Albrecht
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656257655
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (562 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English by : Lydia Albrecht

Download or read book Language Contact in the second phase of the French Influence on Middle English written by Lydia Albrecht and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-08-15 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Potsdam, course: Seminar Middle English, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction I started learning English as my first foreign language at the age of eight, followed by French as the second at the age of eleven. Soon, I recognised similarities of the vocabulary of the two languages, not knowing why, since the grammatical structure and the declension of nouns etc. was obviously different. Of course, I was too young to think it over. However, during my studies of English linguistics I was taught the basic knowledge about the relation between French and English. Since I had learned that most of the words I knew from French were also borrowed into English, I was particularly interested in the process of this phenomenon. Which events and developments were responsible for the adoption of so many words? The Middle English period was characterised by many changes- both in its social and linguistic situation. In 1066 the Norman Conquest occurred marking the starting point of the most influencing era throughout the history of the English language. After the Conquest there were two main waves of immigration. Firstly, French upper class people migrated to the occupied British Island bringing their language with them, and English lost its status as the official language. Secondly, about two hundred years later, those French people lost their connection to the continent, when king John lost Normandy, and English was about to reinforce again. However, soon new French invasions occurred and a new French variety was brought to the Island which led to an increasing number of new vocabulary and the English language had to be enforced a second time. (Baugh, 1991) This raises the question why French prevailed in the English language that persistently, although English had been reinforced and had already gained prestige again. This is the matter of interest in this research paper which is concerned with the history of the English language between 1066 and 1400. Generally, it deals with the French influence on the English language, but focusses especially on the impact of Central French, which took place in the second phase (1250- 1500) where most of the vocabulary was adopted.

French Loan Words in the English Language

Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656552495
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (565 download)

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Book Synopsis French Loan Words in the English Language by :

Download or read book French Loan Words in the English Language written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (Englisches Seminar), course: English Lexicology: Words and their Meaning, language: English, abstract: The dates for the beginning and end of the Middle English period are rather controversial. But many linguists do agree that by 1100 certain changes to the English language were sufficiently well established to justify the use of the adjective middle to designate the language in what was actually a phase of transition from the English of the early Middle Ages – Old English – to that of the first printed books at the end of the 15th century. During this period many changes occurred that may be noted in nearly every aspect of the language: in its phonology, its semantics and in its lexicon, where many Old English words were replaced by borrowed items from the French language. But although the French influence did not cease with the end of the 15th century, due to its size of merely seven pages this term paper will concentrate on the Middle English period. Starting with a short introduction to the historical background of the French Influence on the English language, there will be examples of the borrowed vocabulary, explanations why they were borrowed and how they can be further distinguished into loan words from Norman and Central French. Moreover, there will be an analysis of how the process of borrowing led to the highly distinctive vocabulary of the English language regarding register and style. The structure of this term paper is chronological as it seemed to be the most appropriate regarding the historical nature of this paper’s topic.

The French Influence on Middle English Morphology

Author : Christiane Dalton-Puffer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110822113
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Influence on Middle English Morphology by : Christiane Dalton-Puffer

Download or read book The French Influence on Middle English Morphology written by Christiane Dalton-Puffer and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics.

French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period

Author : Dana Melzer
Publisher : Grin Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783640334247
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period by : Dana Melzer

Download or read book French Influence on the English Languange in the Middle English Period written by Dana Melzer and published by Grin Publishing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Leipzig (Institut für Anglistik), course: Sprachwandel Englisch, language: English, abstract: The English language has undergone immense changes over the years of its development from Old English to Modern English as it is known today. It has been shaped by a number of other languages over the centuries. During the Old English period the English language, which was based on the dialects of three Germanic tribes (Angles, Jutes and Saxons), was already influenced by different invading armies like the Celts (Celtic), the Roman missionaries (Latin) and the Viking raiders (Old-Norse). But especially during the Middle English period (1150 - 1500) another language, namely French, exerted a significant influence on the English language and were therefore responsible for great changes brought to English over the years. During this time over 10,000 French words were adopted into English and about 75 per cent of these are still in use. But changes did not just happen in the English vocabulary. The grammar (mainly word order), the spelling and pronounciation had to undergo changes, as well. It was a period of great change where English turned from an inflected language with a relatively free word order into a language with reduced inflection and a more rigid word order. The linguistic justification for considering the end of the 15th century as the end of the Middle English period is the complete restructuring of the English vowel system that affected all long stressed vowels known as the Great Vowel Shift. Although, these enormous changes were important for the improvement of the English language, there were also disadvantages to it. The loss of native words, the different Middle English dialects and the need of a Standard English are only some examples for this. This paper will focus on the French influence on Middle English from the Norman Conq

French Elements in Middle English

Author : Frederick Henry Sykes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781436853200
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (532 download)

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Book Synopsis French Elements in Middle English by : Frederick Henry Sykes

Download or read book French Elements in Middle English written by Frederick Henry Sykes and published by . This book was released on 2008-06-01 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

Language and Culture in Medieval Britain

Author : Jocelyn Wogan-Browne
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1903153476
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Language and Culture in Medieval Britain by : Jocelyn Wogan-Browne

Download or read book Language and Culture in Medieval Britain written by Jocelyn Wogan-Browne and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2013 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this volume form a new cultural history focused round, but not confined to, the presence and interactions of francophone speakers, writers, readers, texts and documents in England from the 11th to the later 15th century.

A History of the English Language

Author : Albert Croll Baugh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780133891553
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of the English Language by : Albert Croll Baugh

Download or read book A History of the English Language written by Albert Croll Baugh and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English

Author : Angus McIntosh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English by : Angus McIntosh

Download or read book A Linguistic Atlas of Late Medieval English written by Angus McIntosh and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

French Elements in Middle English

Author : Frederick Henry Sykes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis French Elements in Middle English by : Frederick Henry Sykes

Download or read book French Elements in Middle English written by Frederick Henry Sykes and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue

Author : John McWhorter
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1592404944
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (924 download)

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Book Synopsis Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue by : John McWhorter

Download or read book Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue written by John McWhorter and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A survey of the quirks and quandaries of the English language, focusing on our strange and wonderful grammar Why do we say “I am reading a catalog” instead of “I read a catalog”? Why do we say “do” at all? Is the way we speak a reflection of our cultural values? Delving into these provocative topics and more, Our Magnificent Bastard Language distills hundreds of years of fascinating lore into one lively history. Covering such turning points as the little-known Celtic and Welsh influences on English, the impact of the Viking raids and the Norman Conquest, and the Germanic invasions that started it all during the fifth century ad, John McWhorter narrates this colorful evolution with vigor. Drawing on revolutionary genetic and linguistic research as well as a cache of remarkable trivia about the origins of English words and syntax patterns, Our Magnificent Bastard Tongue ultimately demonstrates the arbitrary, maddening nature of English— and its ironic simplicity due to its role as a streamlined lingua franca during the early formation of Britain. This is the book that language aficionados worldwide have been waiting for (and no, it’s not a sin to end a sentence with a preposition).

The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England

Author : William Calin
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442655259
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England by : William Calin

Download or read book The French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England written by William Calin and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1994-12-15 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: he French presence in English literary history in the centuries following the Conquest has to some extent been glossed over or treated as an interlude. During this period, roughly 1100-1420, French, like Latin, was the language of the educated; in the courts of England, and for nobles, clerics, and the rising commercial elements, communication was multilingual. In his ground-breaking study, William Calin explores indepth this era of medieval English literature and culture in relation to its distinctly French influences and contemporaries. He examines the Anglo-Norman contribution to medieval literature, concentrating on romance and hagiography; the great continental French texts, such as Prose Lancelot and the Romance of the Rose, which had a dominant role in shaping literature in English; and the English response to the French cultural world - the two 'modes' in English where the French presence was most significant: court poetry (Chaucer, Gower, Hoccleve) and Middle English romance. This book is grounded in French sources both well-known and relatively obscure. Translations of the Old French makeThe French Tradition and the Literature of Medieval England accessible to scholars and students of Medieval English, comparatists, and historians, as well as those proficient in French. Calin develops a synthesis of medieval French and English literature that will be especially useful for classroom study.

The influence of the French language on the English language

Author : Angelika Felser
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668552592
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (685 download)

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Book Synopsis The influence of the French language on the English language by : Angelika Felser

Download or read book The influence of the French language on the English language written by Angelika Felser and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 1998 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, University of Münster, language: English, abstract: This paper deals with the influence of the French language on the English language. The English was replaced by the French nobility. A bilingual situation was predominant: Whereas people from the upper class spoke the French language, people from lower classes spoke English. The French nobility led a separate life from ordinary people. The English language was considered to be inferior to the French language, and only people like merchants who wanted to communicate with people from the lower classes had to know the English language.

The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts

Author : Richard Ingham
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1903153301
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts by : Richard Ingham

Download or read book The Anglo-Norman Language and Its Contexts written by Richard Ingham and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2010 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collection examining the Anglo-Norman language in a variety of texts and contexts, in military, legal, literary and other forms.

The Oxford Guide to Etymology

Author : Philip Durkin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191618780
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Guide to Etymology by : Philip Durkin

Download or read book The Oxford Guide to Etymology written by Philip Durkin and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical introduction to word history investigates every aspect of where words come from and how they change. Philip Durkin, chief etymologist of the Oxford English Dictionary, shows how different types of evidence can shed light on the myriad ways in which words change in form and meaning. He considers how such changes can be part of wider linguistic processes, or be influenced by a complex mixture of social and cultural factors. He illustrates every point with a wide range of fascinating examples. Dr Durkin investigates folk etymology and other changes which words undergo in everyday use. He shows how language families are established, how words in different languages can have a common ancester, and the ways in which the latter can be distinguished from words introduced through language contact. He examines the etymologies of the names of people and places. His focus is on English but he draws many examples from languages such as French, German, and Latin which cast light on the pre-histories of English words. The Oxford Guide to Etymology is reliable, readable, instructive, and enjoyable. Everyone interested in the history of words will value this account of an endlessly fascinating subject.