The Emergence Of American English As A Discursive Variety

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The emergence of American English as a discursive variety

Author : Ingrid Paulsen
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103380
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis The emergence of American English as a discursive variety by : Ingrid Paulsen

Download or read book The emergence of American English as a discursive variety written by Ingrid Paulsen and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do speakers’ identity constructions influence the emergence of new varieties of a language? This question is at the heart of a debate about how the process of the emergence of postcolonial varieties of English can best be modeled. This volume contributes to the debate by linking it to models and theories proposed by anthropological linguists, sociolinguists and discourse linguists who view identity as a social and cultural phenomenon that is produced through linguistic and other social practices. Language is seen as essential for identity constructions because speakers use linguistic forms that index social ‘personae’ as well as specific social practices and values to convey an image of self to other speakers. Based on the theory of enregisterment that models the cultural and discursive process of the creation of indexical links between linguistic forms and social values, the argument is made that any model of the emergence of new varieties needs to differentiate carefully between a structural level and a discursive level. What emerges on the discursive level as a result of processes of enregisterment is a ‘discursive variety’. The volume illustrates how the emergence of a discursive variety can be systematically studied in a historical context by focusing on the enregisterment of American English as it can be observed in nineteenth-century U.S. newspapers. Using a discourse-linguistic methodological framework and two large databases containing close to 78 million newspaper articles, the study reveals a complex pattern of indexical links between the phonological forms /h/-dropping and -insertion, yod-dropping, a lengthened and backened bath vowel, non-rhoticity, a realization of prevocalic /r/ as a labiodental approximant as well as the lexical items baggage and pants on the one hand and social values centering around nationality, authenticity and non-specificity on the other hand. Qualitative analyses uncover the social personae associated with the linguistic forms (e.g. the American cowboy, the African American mammy and the ‘Anglo-maniac’ American dude), while quantitative analyses trace the development over time and show that the enregisterment processes were widespread and not restricted to a particular region.

Speaking American

Author : Richard W. Bailey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199921466
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Speaking American by : Richard W. Bailey

Download or read book Speaking American written by Richard W. Bailey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-04 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When did English become American? What distinctive qualities made it American? What role have America's democratizing impulses, and its vibrantly heterogeneous speakers, played in shaping our language and separating it from the mother tongue? A wide-ranging account of American English, Richard Bailey's Speaking American investigates the history and continuing evolution of our language from the sixteenth century to the present. The book is organized in half-century segments around influential centers: Chesapeake Bay (1600-1650), Boston (1650-1700), Charleston (1700-1750), Philadelphia (1750-1800), New Orleans (1800-1850), New York (1850-1900), Chicago (1900-1950), Los Angeles (1950-2000), and Cyberspace (2000-present). Each of these places has added new words, new inflections, new ways of speaking to the elusive, boisterous, ever-changing linguistic experiment that is American English. Freed from British constraints of unity and propriety, swept up in rapid social change, restless movement, and a thirst for innovation, Americans have always been eager to invent new words, from earthy frontier expressions like "catawampously" (vigorously) and "bung-nipper" (pickpocket), to West African words introduced by slaves such as "goober" (peanut) and "gumbo" (okra), to urban slang such as "tagging" (spraying graffiti) and "crew" (gang). Throughout, Bailey focuses on how people speak and how speakers change the language. The book is filled with transcripts of arresting voices, precisely situated in time and space: two justices of the peace sitting in a pumpkin patch trying an Indian for theft; a crowd of Africans lounging on the waterfront in Philadelphia discussing the newly independent nation in their home languages; a Chicago gangster complaining that his pocket had been picked; Valley Girls chattering; Crips and Bloods negotiating their gang identities in LA; and more. Speaking American explores--and celebrates--the endless variety and remarkable inventiveness that have always been at the heart of American English.

A History of American English

Author : J. L. Dillard
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317899601
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of American English by : J. L. Dillard

Download or read book A History of American English written by J. L. Dillard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive volume provides a chronological, narrative account of the development of American English from its earliest origins to the present day.

Toward a Social History of American English

Author : Joey L. Dillard
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311088500X
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward a Social History of American English by : Joey L. Dillard

Download or read book Toward a Social History of American English written by Joey L. Dillard and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SOCIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE brings to students, researchers and practitioners in all of the social and language-related sciences carefully selected book-length publications dealing with sociolinguistic theory, methods, findings and applications. It approaches the study of language in society in its broadest sense, as a truly international and interdisciplinary field in which various approaches, theoretical and empirical, supplement and complement each other. The series invites the attention of linguists, language teachers of all interests, sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, historians etc. to the development of the sociology of language.

American English

Author : Katrin Appenzeller
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640311477
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis American English by : Katrin Appenzeller

Download or read book American English written by Katrin Appenzeller and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Duisburg-Essen (Englische Sprachwissenschaft), course: Hauptseminar: Language, Meaning and Use, language: English, abstract: The USA is one of the largest western countries. Its population amount to approximately 250 million people. Thus, American English is spoken by an immense number of people in the world. It is estimated that nearly 2/3 of all native English speakers use any dialect of American English. American English, as an independent variety, differs from British English and even weakens its hegemony. More and more, American language, culture, and business become an integral part of European society. Therefore, it is very interesting to investigate the significant characteristics of this language. To give the reader some background information there is a brief overview of the history of the English language in the USA at the beginning of the study. After that the term American English is explained and analyzed. Further, different linguistic features, among them pronunciation, spelling, grammar, and vocabulary, are described and compared to British English. In addition, sociolinguistic characteristics, such as regional and social dialects, are illustrated. As a result a conclusion follows.

American English

Author : Zoltan Kovecses
Publisher : Broadview Press
ISBN 13 : 1551112299
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis American English by : Zoltan Kovecses

Download or read book American English written by Zoltan Kovecses and published by Broadview Press. This book was released on 2000-09-26 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a cultural-historical (rather than purely linguistic) introduction to American English. The first part consists of a general account of variation in American English. It offers concise but comprehensive coverage of such topics as the history of American English; regional, social and ethnic variation; variation in style (including slang); and British and American differences. The second part of the book puts forward an account of how American English has developed into a dominant variety of the English language. It focuses on the ways in which intellectual traditions such as puritanism and republicanism, in shaping the American world view, have also contributed to the distinctiveness of American English.

Standard American English: Socially Distinguishing?

Author : Daniela Daus
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 363848808X
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Standard American English: Socially Distinguishing? by : Daniela Daus

Download or read book Standard American English: Socially Distinguishing? written by Daniela Daus and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-04-10 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermediate Examination Paper from the year 2004 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2.5, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, course: PS Regional and Social Varieties of American English, language: English, abstract: Language variation could also be called „. . .the most basic and fundamental of human socialisation tools.” You need language to express yourself, to learn things, to communicate and to get educated. Without language, an independent life is hardly to live. As long as people speak, there always have been dialects and individual ways of speaking in one language. British English for example, during the twelveth and thirteenth century, was spoken in four varieties, besides French and Latin. Throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth century, the more unified Great Britain needed some kind of “Standard”, to cope with official tasks and affairs. So, at some point, it seems necessary to compromise on one way of speaking for official matters. This paper will focus on “Standard American English” as a sociolinguistic tool: A brief history of American English will be given and definitions of “Standard American English” will be discussed. The central question of this paper will be: Why there is a need for the so-called “Standard”? Whom does it serve? Is it an “ideology” of the upper classes to distinguish them also linguistically from the lower classes? Or is the function of “Standard American English” solely to enable the American people to communicate on an even level, despite the various dialects? Further, the example of New York City speech will be given, to show that “Standard” seems to be necessary for “upward mobility”.

Focus on the USA

Author : Edgar W. Schneider
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902727603X
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Focus on the USA by : Edgar W. Schneider

Download or read book Focus on the USA written by Edgar W. Schneider and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1996-02-29 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents fifteen original research papers by renowned specialists in their respective fields. A variety of research traditions are included, such as dialect geography and sociolinguistics, but also smaller sub-fields such as the study of slang and perceptual dialectology. Varieties studied include the South, the Eastern Seaboard, the Middle West, African American English, Cuban English, and others. A growing sense of unity in the discipline is reflected by recurring topics and methods across earlier boundaries between sub-disciplines. For instance, computerized data and statistical analyses are standard tools nowadays, and a few papers explicitly address the possibilities and limitations of these methods. The study of variation and change of linguistic varieties has largely replaced earlier, monolithic notions of dialect, and the question of change in dialects, the erosion of traditional speech forms under the impact of modern communication patterns and socio-economic developments, is investigated in several contributions. In general, a recent orientation towards the history and development of nonstandard varieties is reflected in the book — several papers study diffusion patterns of linguistic forms, or discuss the emergence of individual dialects or dialectal forms in a language contact framework. Altogether, the papers provide a lively illustration of and a fairly representative selection from ongoing high-quality linguistic research into American English.

Varieties of English

Author : Alexander Bergs
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110525046
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Varieties of English by : Alexander Bergs

Download or read book Varieties of English written by Alexander Bergs and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is one of the first detailed expositions of the history of different varieties of English. It explores language variation and varieties of English from an historical perspective, covering theoretical topics such as diffusion and supraregionalization as well as concrete descriptions of the internal and external historical developments of more than a dozen varieties of English.

American English

Author : Julie S. Amberg
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521617888
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis American English by : Julie S. Amberg

Download or read book American English written by Julie S. Amberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-10-30 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lively introduction to the study of language explores American English and its place within contemporary society, highlighting the role of language in our daily lives. Beginning with a definition of language, the text unpacks the basic concepts used in linguistics, placing them in the context of real-life situations. Using examples from popular culture, the authors show how the study of language is relevant to students' experience. Teachers and students will appreciate the book's innovative structure, designed to build an understanding of how different aspects of language work together. A variety of exercises - individual, group, discussion, research - is provided to support every teaching style. Imaginatively organised and fun to use, American English is the ideal guide to language study for students taking the subject as a general education requirement, beginning undergraduates in linguistics, and future teachers of English.

American English

Author : Walt Wolfram
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118391454
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis American English by : Walt Wolfram

Download or read book American English written by Walt Wolfram and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this classic text chronicles recent breakthrough developments in the field of American English, covering regional, ethnic, and gender-based differences. Now accompanied by a companion website with an extensive array of sound files, video clips, and other online materials to enhance and illustrate discussions in the text Features brand new chapters that cover the very latest topics, such as Levels of Dialect, Regional Varieties of English, Gender and Language Variation, The Application of Dialect Study, and Dialect Awareness: Extending Application, as well as new exercises with online answers Updated to contain dialect samples from a wider array of US regions Written for students taking courses in dialect studies, variationist sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology, and requires no pre-knowledge of linguistics Includes a glossary and extensive appendix of the pronunciation, grammatical, and lexical features of American English dialects

American English(es)

Author : Anna Belladelli
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443849030
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis American English(es) by : Anna Belladelli

Download or read book American English(es) written by Anna Belladelli and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American English(es) focuses on the manifold nature of a macro-regional variety of English which is better described in the plural form, thus enhancing the endless contribution of most diverse ethnic groups, such as those kidnapped from Africa to be employed as slaves, survivors of native American tribes systematically exterminated in the past, and, later on, European Jews escaping from pogroms, Europeans and Asians escaping from poverty, and, more recently, Central and South Americans, mostly Spanish speakers, emigrating to the USA in search of supposedly better living conditions. By tackling the notions of “minority”, “variety”, and “dialect”, this book singles out three language-related phenomena which are currently relevant to the academic and cultural debate concerning US society, namely the obsolescent representation of minority vs hegemonic varieties of English, the latest developments of the Spanish vs English controversy, and the increasing exposure of slang in public contexts. The multiple points of view on American Englishes, offered by the essays included in the present volume, draw on diverse and often contrasting approaches, ranging from corpus linguistics to cultural studies, from lexicography/lexicology to discourse analysis.

Differences in British and American English. A Corpus-based Case Study

Author : Christian Roßmeier
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3668906726
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (689 download)

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Book Synopsis Differences in British and American English. A Corpus-based Case Study by : Christian Roßmeier

Download or read book Differences in British and American English. A Corpus-based Case Study written by Christian Roßmeier and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, University of Bayreuth, language: English, abstract: Considering the "inevitability of change", Ferdinand de Saussure once stated: "Time changes all things: there is no reason why language should escape this universal law". In reference to the English language, Trask noted: "English [...] has been changing throughout its history and is still changing today". In doing so, there is a great number of factors playing an important role for ongoing changes in a language such as sociolinguistic causes of chance which are illustrated in Aitchison in a very coherent and detailed way. "Geographical separation" will be the central keyword, as I will investigate differences and varieties in British and American English use of language. Surprisingly, in comparing Australia and New Zealand, where "equally big differences in language [...] from their mother country" could be expected, it turns out that this is not the case. Although differences in slang expressions can be recognized, spelling and word usage, actually, are alike the original British form so that these differences seem trivial in contrast to the variety of English used in the United States. Therefore, I have decided to focus my attention on specific distinctive attributes of the American variety of English and, based on foregoing research in this field, to create a questionnaire whereby central hypotheses are to be checked and verified, at best. Hence, this paper comprises a brief summary of previous knowledge on this matter, so to speak the theoretical background of my work. Moreover, not only regional factors play a role but also the interviewee's social background when it comes to certain features of language such as word use. Thus, it is highly exciting to see what assessments will be done in the course of this paper.

English in the Southern United States

Author : Stephen J. Nagle
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139436783
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis English in the Southern United States by : Stephen J. Nagle

Download or read book English in the Southern United States written by Stephen J. Nagle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The English of the southern United States is possibly the most studied of any regional variety of any language because of its rich internal diversity, its distinctiveness among regional varieties in the United States, its significance as a marker of regional identity, and the general folkloric appeal of southern culture. However, most, if not all, books about Southern American English have been directed almost exclusively toward scholars already working in the field. This 2003 volume, written by a team of experts, many of them internationally known, provides a broad overview of the foundations of and research on language variation in the southern United States designed to invite inquiry and inquirers. It explores historical and cultural elements, iconic contemporary features, and changes in progress. Central themes, issues and topics of scholarly investigation and debate figure prominently throughout the volume. The extensive bibliography will facilitate continued research.

Varieties of Modern English

Author : Diane Davies
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317878159
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

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Book Synopsis Varieties of Modern English by : Diane Davies

Download or read book Varieties of Modern English written by Diane Davies and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-23 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 'story' of English is continually re-told and re-written, as more and more people use the language and have a part in shaping the way it develops. Varieties of Modern English provides a critical introduction to the study of regional, social, gendered, context- and medium-related varieties of the language, and explores some of the debates concerning the role and impact of English in different parts of the world today. Beginning by outlining the main types of variation in language, the book focuses on the link between language or dialect and the construction of both group and individual identities. Issues of identity are crucial to chapters on the roots of Modern English, on gender and English, on ethnicity and English and on English as an international language. As well as looking at a range of 'users' of the language, Davies also explores many of its 'uses' and modes, including the English of literary texts, advertising, newspaper reporting and commentary, political speeches, email and text messaging. Written in a discursive, student-friendly style, the book also provides: * A rich mix of illustrative material * End-of-chapter Activities and related Comments at the end of the book * Suggestions for further reading Varieties of Modern English provides a thought-provoking overview of its subject and will be invaluable reading for students of English Language and Linguistics.

History of English in the Us and of African American Vernacular English in Particular

Author : Alissia Wiener
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783668756366
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (563 download)

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Book Synopsis History of English in the Us and of African American Vernacular English in Particular by : Alissia Wiener

Download or read book History of English in the Us and of African American Vernacular English in Particular written by Alissia Wiener and published by . This book was released on 2011-07-14 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English - Applied Geography, grade: 1.7, University of Duisburg-Essen (Geisteswissenschaften), course: English in North America, language: English, abstract: From the very start I was very interested in African American Vernacular English (AAVE). In this work I also wanted to include a bit of history. I consider that history is an important influence on the present, not only regarding language but everything. History shows us the roots of things and a person who knows history avoids doing the same mistake again. In case of AAVE the language is indeed connected to the history of the African Americans, to the history of slavery and so to the history of the United States of America. For me it is also important to give a wide range on the knowledge about AAVE, a frame of history starting with the broad picture about the settlement and the rest of the history of the US. Then I will look on the history of the African Americans and the origin of their language. Finally a description of AAVE and its features follows. The question this essay deals with was mostly inspired by the controversal views about the origin of AAVE, namely the Creole-based and the dialect theory. Those might be "only" theories about the origin of AAVE but assuming one of those theories is correct defines a certain point of view on AAVE. Is AAVE "only" a dialect derived from a pidgin which developed somewhere in the Caribbean or on in West Africa or is AAVE a dialect which developed in the same manner and at the same time like all the other American dialects? Is it correct to compare AAVE to Standard English listing the mistakes this variety makes or should it rather be compared to other varieties?

American and British English

Author : Paul Baker
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108364063
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis American and British English by : Paul Baker

Download or read book American and British English written by Paul Baker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is British English becoming more like American English? If so, why, and in what ways? This book compares examples of American and British language data from the 1930s, 1960s, 1990s and 2000s, to track the most important ways that both varieties are changing over time, and compares the extent to which they are following similar paths using a mixture of computer and human analysis. The analysis is carried out across several levels, including spelling differences (such as colour vs color), vocabulary (truck vs lorry), and a range of morphological, grammatical, semantic and pragmatic features. Baker explores the changing aspects of American and British society which help to explain the findings.