The Effects Of Shinnery Oak Removal On Lesser Prairie Chicken Survival Movement And Reproduction

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The Effects of Shinnery Oak Removal on Lesser Prairie Chicken Survival, Movement, and Reproduction

Author : John Peter Leonard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (61 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Shinnery Oak Removal on Lesser Prairie Chicken Survival, Movement, and Reproduction by : John Peter Leonard

Download or read book The Effects of Shinnery Oak Removal on Lesser Prairie Chicken Survival, Movement, and Reproduction written by John Peter Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus; LPC) has declined in numbers since the late 1800s. Reasons for this decline have been attributed to habitat degradation (decreased forb and grass cover and increased woody cover) and fragmentation caused by overgrazing and conversion of native rangelands to croplands. The herbicide, Tebuthiuron, has been used extensively throughout the LPC0́9s range to reduce dominance of woody shrubs and allow growth of forbs and grasses. Tebuthiuron treatment of shinnery oak (Quercus havardii) rangelands has been reported as being both beneficial and detrimental to LPC populations. My study evaluated the effects of Tebuthiuran treatment of shinney oak on LPC survival, movement, and reproduction. I trapped (48), radio-tagged (38), and monitored LPC survival, movements, reproduction, and habitat use during spring and summer 2006 and 2007. I also determined potential LPC nest predators using dummy nests (domestic chicken eggs) and motion-sensitive infrared cameras. No differences were found in survival between ages, sexes, or years. Range size did not differ by age, sex, or year. Female LPC moved greater distances from lek of capture than did males. Females nested almost exclusively in non-grazed rangeland and under sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia). Nest-sites had higher obstruction of vision (OV), higher (%) woody cover, and lower (%) bare ground than surrounding areas. All LPC were found to use non-grazed rangeland areas more than all other vegetation types, and to use tebuthiuron-treated, grazed areas slightly more than non-treated, grazed areas. Non-grazed rangeland had higher OV than all other vegetation types. Tebuthiuron treatment lowered woody plant dominance and increased forbs and grasses. Fire reduced vegetation height and OV and increased growth of grasses and forbs, but did not kill woody vegetation as did tebuthiuron-treatment. The most common dummy nest predator found was the Chihuahuan raven (Corvus cryptoleucus).

Ecology and Conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens

Author : David A. Haukos
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482240238
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology and Conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens by : David A. Haukos

Download or read book Ecology and Conservation of Lesser Prairie-Chickens written by David A. Haukos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shortlisted for the 2018 TWS Wildlife Publication Awards in the edited book categoryLesser Prairie-Chickens have experienced substantial declines in terms of population and the extent of area that they occupy. While they are an elusive species, making it difficult at times to monitor them, current evidence indicates that they have been persistently

Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Grouse

Author : Brett K. Sandercock
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520950577
Total Pages : 746 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Grouse by : Brett K. Sandercock

Download or read book Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Grouse written by Brett K. Sandercock and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grouse—an ecologically important group of birds that include capercaillie, prairie chickens, and ptarmigan—are distributed throughout the forests, grasslands, and tundra of Europe, Asia, and North America. Today, many grouse populations are in decline, and the conservation and management of these charismatic birds is becoming a global concern. This volume summarizes current knowledge of grouse biology in 25 chapters contributed by 80 researchers from field studies around the world. Organized in four sections—Spatial Ecology, Habitat Relationships, Population Biology, and Conservation and Management—the chapters offer important insights into spatial requirements, movements, and demography of grouse. Much of the research employs emerging tools in ecology that span biogeochemistry, molecular genetics, endocrinology, radio-telemetry, and remote sensing. The chapters explore topics including the impacts of climate change, energy development, and harvest, and give new evidence for life-history changes in response to human activities.

Effects of Shinnery Oak Control on Lesser Prairie Chicken Habitat

Author : T. B. Doerr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (786 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Shinnery Oak Control on Lesser Prairie Chicken Habitat by : T. B. Doerr

Download or read book Effects of Shinnery Oak Control on Lesser Prairie Chicken Habitat written by T. B. Doerr and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Shinnery Oak Control with Tebuthiuron on Lesser Prairie-chicken Populations

Author : Craig Donald Olawsky
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Shinnery Oak Control with Tebuthiuron on Lesser Prairie-chicken Populations by : Craig Donald Olawsky

Download or read book Effects of Shinnery Oak Control with Tebuthiuron on Lesser Prairie-chicken Populations written by Craig Donald Olawsky and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Assessment of Lesser Prairie-chicken Translocation Through Survival, Space Use, and Resource Selection

Author : Elisabeth Caroline Teige
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Lesser Prairie-chicken Translocation Through Survival, Space Use, and Resource Selection by : Elisabeth Caroline Teige

Download or read book Assessment of Lesser Prairie-chicken Translocation Through Survival, Space Use, and Resource Selection written by Elisabeth Caroline Teige and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translocation is defined as the deliberate movement of organisms from one site to another where the main objective is a conservation benefit. Translocations are used frequently as a management tool to restore or augment wildlife populations but generally have varying degrees of success. The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is found in the southwestern Great Plains of the United States and currently occurs in four distinct ecoregions (Short-Grass Prairie/CRP Mosaic, Mixed-Grass Prairie, Sand Sagebrush Prairie, and Sand Shinnery Oak Prairie) across five states (Kansas, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas, and New Mexico, USA). Recent estimates suggest the lesser prairie-chicken currently occupies only 15% of their estimated historical range. Within the current occupied range, lesser prairie-chicken populations have been experiencing moderate to severe population declines. Since a contemporary peak of an estimated 150,000 birds in the mid-1980s, lesser prairie-chicken populations have declined to an estimated abundance of 34,408 in 2020. The largest contemporary decline in population abundance and occupied range is occurring in the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion. Historically, the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion was the epicenter of the lesser prairie-chicken population despite a large area of vegetation in the ecoregion being decimated during the Dust Bowl of the 1930s. In 2020, only 171 birds were estimated for the ecoregion. In response to the extreme population decline and elevated extinction risk for the lesser prairie-chicken population in the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion, myself, along with the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, and U.S. Forest Service translocated lesser prairie-chickens from the Short-Grass Prairie/CRP Mosaic Ecoregion in northwest Kansas, where lesser prairie-chickens are currently most abundant, to release sites in sand sagebrush prairie landscapes on the U.S. Forest Service, Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands in southwestern Kansas and southeastern Colorado, respectively. I captured, marked, translocated, and monitored 411 lesser prairie chickens during spring 2016-2019 to understand how translocation affects demographic rates, space use, and habitat selection for assessing translocation as a conservation tool for this declining prairie-grouse. My objectives were to estimate lek counts, nest success, reproductive success, adult survival, home range establishment and land cover composition, and selection of habitat vegetation characteristics at local and broad scales to assess lesser prairie-chickens response to translocation in a novel landscape. Within two weeks of release, 22.8% of birds either died or were never located. I used known-fate and nest survival models in Program MARK to determine adult survival and nest success of lesser prairie-chickens. I estimated breeding season survival for both males and females to be 0.44 ± 0.02 (SE) and nest success as 0.37 ± 0.04 (SE) but with a declining trend for the entire study period (2017-2020). Overall, vital rates were average to low and male high counts on established lek started to decline in 2021, two years following active translocation. Habitat availability in a novel environment may become an increasing concern as translocated lesser prairie-chickens have consistently larger home ranges than their native counterparts. Home ranges of translocated birds was comprised of greater area of Conservation Reserve Program land than any other cover type on the landscape. Lastly, on a local scale (300 m), I found little selection for vegetation at used locations, but lesser prairie-chickens used thicker and taller cover for nest sites. This vegetation use was expected and conveys the importance of the vegetation structure needed at a translocation release site. My results highlight the importance of land management conservation and its role in the conservation of lesser prairie-chicken populations. The translocation may have some short-term success but current vital rates of lesser prairie chickens may not be enough to overcome inherent limiting factors of the ecoregion for the population to become self-sustaining and the translocation to be deemed a long-term success.

Lesser Prairie-chicken Reproductive Success, Habitat Selection, and Response to Trees

Author : Joseph Mark Lautenbach
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Lesser Prairie-chicken Reproductive Success, Habitat Selection, and Response to Trees by : Joseph Mark Lautenbach

Download or read book Lesser Prairie-chicken Reproductive Success, Habitat Selection, and Response to Trees written by Joseph Mark Lautenbach and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a species of prairie grouse native to the southwest Great Plains. Population declines and threats to populations of lesser prairie-chickens led U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to list the species as "threatened" under the protection of the Endangered Species Act in May 2014. Lesser prairie-chickens are found within three distinct ecoregions of Kansas and Colorado and portions of the species' range are affected by tree encroachment into grasslands. The effect of trees on lesser prairie-chickens is poorly understood. I evaluated habitat selection and reproductive success and across the northern portion of the species' range. I captured female lesser prairie-chickens within the three different ecoregions in Kansas and Colorado to track nest and brood survival and measure nest and brood habitat. My findings show that there are regional and annual variations in nest and brood survival. Mean nest survival during 2013 and 2014 was estimated to be 0.388 (95% CI = 0.343 - 0.433) for a 35-day exposure period. Brood survival during 2013 and 2014 was estimated to be 0.316 (95% CI = 0.184 - 0.457) for 56 days. Chick survival was the lowest during the first week of life and is probably a limiting factor for population growth. Chick and brood survival decreased as Julian hatch date increased. Across the northern portion of the species' range, females consistently select visual obstruction between 2-3 dm. Vegetation at the nest changes between regions and years to reflect environmental and regional conditions. Broods consistently selected habitats with greater percent cover of forbs than was expected at random across all study sites. Broods also selected against areas of bare ground. The threshold of lesser prairie-chicken use was 2 trees/ha throughout the year. No nests were located within areas with greater densities. Lesser prairie-chickens had a greater probability of use at greater distances from trees and at lower tree densities. To provide adequate nesting habitat managers should provide 2-3 dm of visual obstruction. Providing forb cover with visual obstruction between 2.5-5 dm near nesting habitat should provide adequate habitat for broods. Removing trees in core habitats and expand removal efforts outward should expand potential habitat for lesser prairie-chickens.

Dispersal, Reproductive Success, and Habitat Use by Translocated Lesser Prairie-chickens

Author : Liam Akerlof Berigan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispersal, Reproductive Success, and Habitat Use by Translocated Lesser Prairie-chickens by : Liam Akerlof Berigan

Download or read book Dispersal, Reproductive Success, and Habitat Use by Translocated Lesser Prairie-chickens written by Liam Akerlof Berigan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) populations in the Sand Sagebrush Prairie Ecoregion have reached historic lows in the last decade. Former core areas of the ecoregion, such as the U.S. Forest Service Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands in southwestern Kansas and southeastern Colorado, have reached population densities so low that populations will not be able to recover without a new source of birds. In an attempt to recolonize previously occupied areas in the region, Colorado Parks and Wildlife and Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism translocated 411 lesser prairie-chickens to the National Grasslands between fall 2016 and spring 2019. For a translocation project to be successful, translocated birds need to stay near the release site, find habitat that meets their survival requirements, and successfully reproduce. I assessed the success of the translocation project to determine which of these requirements were met following release to meet the goal of increasing lesser prairie-chicken density on the National Grasslands and define potential obstacles for future translocation projects. I estimated nest success of lesser prairie-chickens translocated to the National Grasslands using Program MARK and determined those factors important in predicting nest success. I found that the number of years that had elapsed since the bird's release was the best predictor of its nesting success in any given year. This fits with existing literature on grouse translocations, which state that translocation effects dissipate in years following release. Unfortunately, only 10.3% of translocated birds survived into the second year to take advantage of the increased nest success rate. My analysis of lesser prairie-chicken movement after release showed extensive dispersal away from the release site, with 99% of birds undergoing a dispersal movement >5 km from the release site. I conducted a behavioral change point analysis on translocated birds as they dispersed to determine where they settled down and how long their dispersal lasted. Birds moved an average of 144 km during their 1-2 month dispersal movement following release. Despite the presence of leks and habitat at the release sites, 69% of released birds settled >5 km from their release site after their movements. These results indicate that dispersal is an innate response to translocation, and release site placement will not be sufficient to minimize the dispersal movement.

Lesser Prairie-chicken Demography, Resource Selection, and Habitat Response Following Megafire in the Mixed-grass Prairie

Author : Nicholas James Parker
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Lesser Prairie-chicken Demography, Resource Selection, and Habitat Response Following Megafire in the Mixed-grass Prairie by : Nicholas James Parker

Download or read book Lesser Prairie-chicken Demography, Resource Selection, and Habitat Response Following Megafire in the Mixed-grass Prairie written by Nicholas James Parker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire is an ecological driver that historically interacted with grazing and periodic drought throughout large portions of the Great Plains to maintain grasslands used by several wildlife species. More recently, fire suppression, coupled with changing climate and landscapes, has led to altered grassland ecosystems that may be more likely to experience massive wildfire events known as megafires. Megafires (>40,000 ha) have extreme socioeconomic impacts and may also affect grassland-dependent wildlife including lesser prairie-chickens (Tympanuchus pallidicintus). The lesser prairie-chicken is a grouse species of the southern Great Plains that has experienced population declines since the 1980s, primarily as a result of grassland habitat degradation and loss. While fire has long functioned as an ecological driver to shape grassland habitat, knowledge about the influence of megafires on lesser prairie-chickens and their habitat is lacking. To better understand how remaining grasslands and lesser prairie-chickens may be impacted by megafire, I hierarchically evaluated lesser prairie-chicken survival, reproduction, resource selection, and habitat response to a 2017 megafire at a site inhabited by lesser prairie-chickens in the mixed-grass prairie of Kansas, USA (Starbuck fire, ~254,000 ha). I captured lesser prairie-chickens on leks during the spring before (2014-2015) and after (2018-2019) the fire, attached VHF radio and GPS satellite transmitters, and tracked individuals to evaluate survival, reproduction, and habitat selection. To estimate population trends, I conducted counts of male attendance on leks before and after the fire. There was a 67% decline in the number of attending males on leks post-fire and a 46% decline in the number of occupied leks post-fire. Despite the population decline indicated by lek counts, female breeding season adult survival remained similar before (0.63 ± 0.08) and after the fire (0.64 ± 0.08), as did chick survival (before: 0.27 ± 0.03; after: 0.32 ± 0.11), while nest survival trended lower post-fire (before: 0.42 ± 0.06; after: 0.27 ± 0.07). Individual space use was evaluated using 95% isopleth Brownian Bridge home ranges, and did not differ before (828 ± 110 ha) and after (719 ± 101 ha) the fire. However, home ranges included 5 times more percent cover of Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) fields after the fire compared to before, suggesting CRP/cropland landscapes with disjointed fire fuel availability can provide refugia during extreme events. An analysis of lek attendance corroborated home range results, with greatest male lek attendance in areas with more surrounding cropland post-fire, opposite of trends seen before the fire and lesser prairie-chicken literature. Step selection revealed lesser prairie-chickens strongly avoided wooded areas before and after the fire, indicating that although I did see mortality of woody species, burned woodlands did not become available for use by lesser prairie-chickens. Furthermore, lesser prairie-chickens avoided burned areas post-fire, suggesting limited habitat availability up to 3 years post-fire and emigration from the study site. My analysis of fine-scale habitat and grassland vegetation characteristics response supported a decrease in available cover, with a 32% decrease in 100% visual obstruction, 17% decrease in litter depth, and a 16% increase in bare ground. Based on vegetation criteria, abundance of nest habitat decreased 34% one year post-fire; however, nest habitat and many vegetation characteristics returned to pre-fire levels within two years post-fire, thanks in part to substantial growing season precipitation received in the years following the fire (>70 cm/year). The large size and intense nature of the fire affected lek attendance, habitat abundance, and nest survival, but had no lasting (>2 year) detrimental impacts for grasslands or lesser prairie-chicken habitat. Post-fire recovery of grasslands did not correspond with a rebounding population and it will likely take>3 years for lesser prairie-chickens to fully recolonize burned grasslands. My results indicate that multiple management strategies (e.g., CRP enrollment, post-fire removal of snags, prescribed fire) are needed to manage lesser prairie-chicken habitat and limit future megafires.

Landscape Ecology, Survival and Space Use of Lesser Prairie-chickens

Author : Samantha Robinson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis Landscape Ecology, Survival and Space Use of Lesser Prairie-chickens by : Samantha Robinson

Download or read book Landscape Ecology, Survival and Space Use of Lesser Prairie-chickens written by Samantha Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) has experienced range-wide population declines and range contraction since European settlement. Due to ongoing declines, lesser prairie-chickens were listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 2014; however, uncertainty regarding the legal status of the species has developed following a judicial decision to vacate the listing in September 2015. Regardless, new research is required for conservation planning, especially for understudied portions and temporal periods of the occupied range. I evaluated nonbreeding lesser prairie-chicken survival using known-fate models, and tested for the influence of environmental, landscape and predator effects on weekly survival. I estimated nonbreeding home-range size using fixed kernel density estimators and Brownian Bridge movement models for VHF and Satellite tagged lesser prairie-chickens, and measured habitat use during the 6-month nonbreeding period (16 September - 14 March). I also determined the influence of lek location on space use intensity within home ranges using resource utilization functions. Female survival was high (0.75, SE = 0.05) and consistent across nonbreeding seasons, but not explainable by selected variables. Mean home range size for birds with GPS transmitters (955 ha, SE = 128.5) was 215% larger than for individuals with VHF transmitters (303 ha, SE = 24.1) and 136% greater during the 2014-2015 nonbreeding season than the 2013-2014 season. Males and females were tied to leks throughout the nonbreeding season, and this relationship was not variable across the months of the nonbreeding season. Proportions of habitat used differed among study sites, but temporal trends were not evident. Lesser prairie-chickens exhibited consistency among ecoregions for home-range, space use, and survival; however, with differing habitat use among regions, management should be on the regional scale. Agriculture and energy development have caused fragmentation of the landscape where lesser prairie-chickens evolved. I used known fate survival models to test if landscape composition or configuration within sites caused survival to differ by site, as well as within home ranges to determine if functional relationships exist between weekly survival and landscape configuration or composition. I used Andersen-Gill models to test whether distance to anthropogenic features affected hazard rates. Differences in survival rates between sites, with survival rates 50% greater in Clark County, Kansas compared to Northwestern, Kansas, corresponded to differences in the amount of grassland habitat on the landscape, but study-site configuration was not measurably different. Increasing the number of patch types within home ranges increased survival, indicating positive effects of heterogeneity. In addition, as distance to fences decreased, lesser prairie-chickens experienced greater risk. Overall, further breakup of grassland landscapes that lesser prairie-chickens occupy should be avoided, to avoid habitat loss and fragmentation thresholds that could further affect survival rates. Additionally, fences should be removed or avoided around active leks.

The Effects of Shrub Control and Grazing on Habitat Quality and Reproductive Success of Lesser Prairie-chickens

Author : Michael A. Patten
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (746 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Shrub Control and Grazing on Habitat Quality and Reproductive Success of Lesser Prairie-chickens by : Michael A. Patten

Download or read book The Effects of Shrub Control and Grazing on Habitat Quality and Reproductive Success of Lesser Prairie-chickens written by Michael A. Patten and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Populations of the Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) have declined sharply in New Mexico since the mid-twentieth century (Bailey and Williams 2000). So that there might be feasible conservation and management plans for this species' persistence and recovery, the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish contracted the Sutton Avian Research Center to conduct a study in east-central New Mexico to determine the extent to which this species was affected, if at all, by cattle grazing and application of tebuthiuron, an herbicide that inhibits growth and survival of woody vegetation."--Page 1.

Acta XIX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici

Author : Henri Ouellet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780776601960
Total Pages : 1430 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Acta XIX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici by : Henri Ouellet

Download or read book Acta XIX Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici written by Henri Ouellet and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Threatened Wildlife of the United States

Author : United States. Office of Endangered Species and International Activities
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Threatened Wildlife of the United States by : United States. Office of Endangered Species and International Activities

Download or read book Threatened Wildlife of the United States written by United States. Office of Endangered Species and International Activities and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Grouse

Author : Ilse Storch
Publisher : World Conservation Union
ISBN 13 : 9782831705194
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Grouse by : Ilse Storch

Download or read book Grouse written by Ilse Storch and published by World Conservation Union. This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grouse have long attracted and fascinated people. Their display behavior, and their traditional communal mating grounds or "leks", have inspired poetry and folklore as well as scientific theories on sexual selection and mating systems. In many parts of their range, hunting plays a major role in the culture, economy, and subsistence of local communities. Although from a global perspective their status is not critical, grouse are far from being safe, and on a local scale, many local populations of grouse are declining and threatened with extinction. This plan provides a guide to the distribution, status, and threats to all grouse species; its major objective is to identify conservation priorities from a global perspective.

Agrindex

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agrindex by :

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

PRAIRIEMAP, a GIS Database for Prairie Grassland Management in Western North America

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis PRAIRIEMAP, a GIS Database for Prairie Grassland Management in Western North America by :

Download or read book PRAIRIEMAP, a GIS Database for Prairie Grassland Management in Western North America written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The PRAIRIEMAP web site (http://prairiemap.wr.usgs.gov) contains links to partners, documentation of the data, and a directory of GIS data that can be downloaded.

Ecology and Conservation of Great Plains Vertebrates

Author : Fritz L. Knopf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475727038
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology and Conservation of Great Plains Vertebrates by : Fritz L. Knopf

Download or read book Ecology and Conservation of Great Plains Vertebrates written by Fritz L. Knopf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The frontier images of America embrace endless horizons, majestic herds of native ungulates, and romanticized life-styles of nomadie peoples. The images were mere reflections of vertebrates living in harmony in an ecosystem driven by the unpre dictable local and regional effects of drought, frre, and grazing. Those effects, often referred to as ecological "disturbanees," are rather the driving forces on which species depended to create the spatial and temporal heterogeneity that favored ecological prerequisites for survival. Alandscape viewed by European descendants as monotony interrupted only by extremes in weather and commonly referred to as the "Great American Desert," this country was to be rushed through and cursed, a barrier that hindered access to the deep soils of the Oregon country, the rich minerals of California and Colorado, and the religious freedom sought in Utah. Those who stayed (for lack of resources or stamina) spent a century trying to moderate the ecological dynamics of Great Plains prairies by suppressing fires, planting trees and exotic grasses, poisoning rodents, diverting waters, and homogenizing the dynamies of grazing with endless fences-all creating bound an otherwise boundless vista. aries in Historically, travelers and settlers referred to the area of tallgrasses along the western edge of the deciduous forest and extending midway across Kansas as the "True Prairie. " The grasses thlnned and became shorter to the west, an area known then as the Great Plains.