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The Effect Of Thermal Regeneration On The Adsorption Characteristics Of Activated Carbon
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Book Synopsis The effect of thermal regeneration on the adsorption characteristics of activated carbon by : Balder Sigmar Camby
Download or read book The effect of thermal regeneration on the adsorption characteristics of activated carbon written by Balder Sigmar Camby and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon Fibers on Adsorption Characteristics for Toluene by : Pahola E Salas
Download or read book Effects of Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon Fibers on Adsorption Characteristics for Toluene written by Pahola E Salas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Respiratory protective equipment is recommended as one method to diminish exposure to airborne pollutants, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Activated carbon fiber (ACF) has a potential use as an alternative adsorbent in respirators for VOCs. The advantages of ACF as an alternative absorbent include larger surface areas, higher adsorption capacities, thinner critical bed depth, higher number of micropores, faster heat and mass transfer properties, and its fabric form. When its saturation capacity is reached, the adsorbent is no longer effective for removing pollutants. To recover the ability to capture gaseous pollutants, carbon adsorbents typically are regenerated. The ACF's ability to be regenerated makes it a more cost effective, energy efficient and environmentally sustainable option to aid in certain purification processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal regeneration on the adsorption characteristics of activated carbon fiber (ACF) in respirator cartridges for toluene and also to investigate the extent to which regeneration decreased the ACF's adsorption capacity and breakthrough time (BT). Results showed that the 10% and 50% BTs for the two tested ACF types (ACF 210 and ACF 605) were not significantly different (P = 0.06). However, the differences in 10% and 50% BT between the two toluene concentrations (200 and 500 ppm) were significant (P
Book Synopsis Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon by : Louis Hemphill
Download or read book Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon written by Louis Hemphill and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon for the Treatment of Drinking Water by : Mark Alan Waer
Download or read book Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon for the Treatment of Drinking Water written by Mark Alan Waer and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Granular activated carbon (GAC) has been specified as the best available technology (BAT) for the removal of synthetic organic compounds from drinking water. Drinking water utilities which use GAC must either replace or regenerate the carbon periodically. Thermal regeneration is one option for handling spent carbon. The effect of several parameters on volume losses and on the recovery of adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon (GAC) during thermal regeneration has been studied. Parameters investigated during this study include the temperature of the regeneration step, the time of regeneration, the type of oxidant, and the oxidant flow rate. The apparent (bulk) density was found to be a good parameter for monitoring thermal regeneration. Other carbon properties followed during regeneration include the surface area (determined by nitrogen isotherm), the micropore volume and the mesopore volume. Optimum regeneration conditions were found to be dependant on the type of GAC being regenerated. The effect of multiple regenerations on carbon properties is discussed.
Book Synopsis Effects of Activated Carbon Characteristics on Organic Contaminant Removal by : Detlef R. U. Knappe
Download or read book Effects of Activated Carbon Characteristics on Organic Contaminant Removal written by Detlef R. U. Knappe and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many water treatment plants need to remove objectionable trace organic compounds, and activated carbon adsorption is often the best available technology. Utilities face the challenge of having to choose from a large variety of activated carbons, and iodine number or BET surface area values are often utilized in the selection process. Although neither parameter correlates well with adsorption capacities, alternative activated carbon selection criteria based on fundamental adsorbent and adsorbate properties are lacking to date. The first objective of this research was to systematically evaluate the effects of activated carbon pore structure and surface chemistry on the adsorption of two common drinking water contaminants: the relatively polar fuel oxygenate methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE) and the relatively nonpolar solvent trichloroethene (TCE). The second objective was to develop simple descriptors of activated carbon characteristics that facilitate the selection of suitable adsorbents for the removal of organic contaminants from drinking water.Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2003 This publication can also be purchased and downloaded via Pay Per View on Water Intelligence Online - click on the Pay Per View icon below
Book Synopsis Activated Carbon Adsorption For Wastewater Treatment by : Jerry. R. Perrich
Download or read book Activated Carbon Adsorption For Wastewater Treatment written by Jerry. R. Perrich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a guide to the state of the art of activated carbon adsorption technology as applied to wastewater treatment. This book surveys this body of knowledge and is a detailed description of current technology.
Book Synopsis ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT by : Jerry R. Perrich
Download or read book ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT written by Jerry R. Perrich and published by Springer. This book was released on 1981-06-10 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater characteristics and treatment. Activated carbon. Activated carbon adsorption. Development of design parameters. Contacting systems. Regeneration systems. Total process design and economics. Component equipament design. A guideline to operational procedures and design for granular carbon systems wastewater applications. Safety aspecs of activated carbon technology.
Book Synopsis Long-term Performance of Activated Carbon in Cyclic Adsorption/regeneration of VOCs by : Amin Sadeghi Ardekani
Download or read book Long-term Performance of Activated Carbon in Cyclic Adsorption/regeneration of VOCs written by Amin Sadeghi Ardekani and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated carbon (AC) has attracted tremendous interest in adsorption-based air treatment. Nonetheless, a major challenge associated with the use of ACs is the decline in adsorption capacity with time due to heel build-up (i.e., accumulation of non-desorbed species). Designing a reliable adsorption system requires a deeper understanding of the changes occurring during the long-term use of ACs. For this purpose, the effect of ACs' properties such as porosity and operational conditions such as purge gas flow rate on the long-term performance of ACs requires further investigation. The objective of the present work was two-fold: first, to study the simultaneous effect of purge gas flowrate and activated carbon's porosity during prolonged cyclic adsorption/regeneration of three different ACs. Secondly, develop a model that can predict the long-term performance of ACs during adsorption/regeneration of a representative volatile organic compound (VOC). This section itself comprised two main stages: 1) Modeling the impact of heel on AC's pore size distribution (PSD), adsorption isotherm, and capacity, and 2) verifying the model using cyclic adsorption-desorption of 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene (TMB). The model predicts the cyclic adsorption capacity of AC by applying the Dubinin-Radushkevich-Langmuir (D-R-L) isotherm based on AC's limiting pore volume and adsorbate-adsorbent affinity coefficient. For the long-term experimental study, six scenarios were investigated by varying the dry air purge gas flow rates 0.5 and 5 SLPM and the porosity of adsorbent used (44%, 60%, and 86% microporosity). The cyclic adsorption/regeneration experiment results indicated that the cumulative heel and the adsorption capacity followed ascending and descending trends with cycle number, respectively. Initially, the porosity and micropore volume of the adsorbents played a more important role in their performance. However, at higher cycle numbers, the effect of purge gas flow rate was more determinant in the performance of ACs. In the first five cycles, the two adsorbents with the highest micropore volume, G-70R, and B101412, showed similar heel build-up formation rates while B100772 with lower micropore volume (0.43 (cm^3)/g as opposed to 0.50(cm^3)/g) had slightly lower heel build-up. Alternatively, at the 20th cycle, purge gas flow rate had a clear effect on the performance and cumulative heel build-up of all three ACs regardless of their porosity. For all three adsorbents used in this study, samples regenerated with 0.5 SLPM all had an average cumulative heel of 31%. Those regenerated with 5 SLPM Had a cumulative heel build-up average of 21%. The presence of mesopores and a hierarchal pore structure certainly helped reduce heel build-up in the micropores. DTG analysis of the samples showed that with an increase in purge gas flow rate, the nature of heel build-up starts to change and transform into heavier chemically formed compounds. In the second part, two machine learning (ML) algorithms, multivariate linear regression (MLR) and Decision tree, were applied to predict Micropore volume reduction because of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) cyclic heel build-up on activated carbons (ACs). A dataset of 100 experimental tests of cyclic adsorption/regeneration of different VOCs on ACs with distinct properties was used. It was observed that micropore volume reduction could be predicted with acceptable accuracy with an R2 of 0.85 ± 0.08 using the MLR algorithm by considering the adsorbent characteristics, adsorbate properties, and regeneration conditions. The micropores prediction results were then combined with several mathematical equations to predict the pore size distribution of a used activated carbon. To verify the model, its results were tested against nine samples with various stages of heel build-up. The micropore and PSD were predicted with a mean relative absolute error (MRAE) of 3.5%, 10.8%, and 12.0% for G-70R, B101412, and B100772, respectively. The PSD prediction model was then utilized in conjunction with the DRL isotherm prediction model, and the adsorption capacity of samples at five concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 ppm were predicted for each adsorbent. The prediction of adsorption capacity on the virgin G-70R, B101412, and B100772 had a MRAE of 0.6%, 8.9%, and 2.7, respectively while for the corresponding used samples the MRAE was 13.2%, 10.1%, and 10.0%. The results of this study are beneficial in improving the long-term performance of activated carbons and making them last longer.
Book Synopsis Activated Carbon Adsorption by : Roop Chand Bansal
Download or read book Activated Carbon Adsorption written by Roop Chand Bansal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption
Book Synopsis Activated Carbon Surfaces in Environmental Remediation by : Teresa J. Bandosz
Download or read book Activated Carbon Surfaces in Environmental Remediation written by Teresa J. Bandosz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activated Carbon Surfaces in Environmental Remediation provides a comprehensive summary of the environmental applications of activated carbons. In order to understand the removal of contaminants and pollutants on activated carbons, the theoretical bases of adsorption phenomena are discussed. The effects of pore structure and surface chemistry are also addressed from both science and engineering perspectives. Each chapter provides examples of real applications with an emphasis on the role of the carbon surface in adsorption or reactive adsorption. The practical aspects addressed in this book cover the broad spectrum of applications from air and water cleaning and energy storage to warfare gas removal and biomedical applications. This book can serve as a handbook or reference book for graduate students, researchers and practitioners with an interest in filtration, water treatment, adsorbents and air cleaning, in addition to environmental policies and regulations. Addresses fundamental carbon science and how it relates to applications of carbon surfaces Describes the broad spectrum of activated carbon applications in environmental remediation Serves as a handbook or reference book for graduate students, researchers and practitioners in the field
Book Synopsis Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon by : Louis Hemphill
Download or read book Thermal Regeneration of Activated Carbon written by Louis Hemphill and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis In-Situ Regeneration of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Using Fenton's Reagents by : Carla De Las Casas
Download or read book In-Situ Regeneration of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) Using Fenton's Reagents written by Carla De Las Casas and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fenton-dependent recovery of carbon initially saturated with one of several chlorinated aliphatic contaminants was studied in batch and continuous-flow reactors. A specialty carbon, URV-MOD 1 (Calgon) was employed to minimize non-productive H2O2 demand - that which does not yield hydroxyl or superoxide radicals. Enhancement of PCE degradation kinetics by ferric iron addition is limited by iron solubility, even at relatively low pH. Quinone addition increased the pseudo-first-order rate constant for PCE loss temporarily. Only copper addition sustainably enhanced the specific rate of PCE loss. For copper-to-iron molar ratios of 0.25 to 5, the pseudo-first-order rate constant for PCE transformation was increased by a factor of 3.5. It is apparent that the effect of copper addition on Fenton-dependent reaction rates is complex, and involves a shift in chemical mechanism, as indicated by the differing slopes in the Arrhenius plot (with and without copper).A mathematical model was developed to evaluate the effect of operational parameters ([Fe(III)]T:[H2O2]o ratio and pH) on degradation kinetics and optimize the PCE degradation process in homogeneous reaction mixtures. The model simulated experimental degradation of the organic target in a homogeneous Fenton-reaction system. The model requires further refinement to simulate Fenton's systems in which ions in solution (such as sulfate and chloride) play significant roles. In continuous-flow reactors, Fenton's reagents were cycled through spent GAC in columns to degrade one of seven chlorinated compounds tested. The contaminant with the weakest adsorption characteristics, methylene chloride, was 99% lost from the carbon surface during a 14-hour regeneration period. At the field site, the GAC was saturated with gases containing TCE and PCE from a soil vapor extraction (SVE) system. In the field, up to 95% of the sorbed TCE was removed from GAC during regeneration periods of 50-60 hours. Recovery of PCE-loaded GAC was significantly slower. Column experiments show that there is minimal loss of carbon adsorption capacity during Fenton treatment and that the rate of GAC regeneration is compound specific. Scoping-level cost estimates indicated that field use of Fenton regeneration is not cost effective without optimization and/or iron surface amendments, except in the case of the most soluble VOCs.
Book Synopsis The Adsorption Characteristics of Copper and Nickel on Granular Activated Carbon by : Dennis Wattenbarger Chamberland
Download or read book The Adsorption Characteristics of Copper and Nickel on Granular Activated Carbon written by Dennis Wattenbarger Chamberland and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Surface Groups on Adsorption of Pollutants by : Robert W. Coughlin
Download or read book Effect of Surface Groups on Adsorption of Pollutants written by Robert W. Coughlin and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wet Air Regeneration of Powdered Activated Carbon by : Judy Ding
Download or read book Wet Air Regeneration of Powdered Activated Carbon written by Judy Ding and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Two-stage Granular Activated Carbon Treatment by : Leon S. Directo
Download or read book Two-stage Granular Activated Carbon Treatment written by Leon S. Directo and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrothermal Preparation and Characterzation of Activated Carbon from Anthracite Powder by : Sittidej Sittipraneed
Download or read book Hydrothermal Preparation and Characterzation of Activated Carbon from Anthracite Powder written by Sittidej Sittipraneed and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical water is used for enhancing porous properties of anthracite powder and three kinds of activated carbon: commercial activated carbon, activated carbon from waste tires and activated anthracite. Distilled water and hydrogen peroxide solution are used as a liquid medium in batch process supercritical water treatment. The experimental variables are treatment time, chemical (NaOH and KOH solution) pre-treatment and concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution. The results show that treatment time and chemical pre-treatment have little effect on the porous properties of the anthracite powder. In case of using distilled water as liquid medium, a slight increase in the surface area and mesopore volume is observed, while the micropore volume decreases. Moreover, the porous properties of activated carbon decrease while the concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution increases. However, it is clear that supercritical water treatment is not effective for improving porous properties of activated carbon. In liquid-phase adsorption and supercritical water regeneration studies, phenol and organic dye Red 31, are selected as the representative adsorbates. The steam activated anthracite powder is compared with a commercial activated carbon. The results indicate that the obtained activated anthracite shows comparable phenol adsorption capacity but much lower dye adsorption capacity than the commercial one. However, supercritical water regeneration efficiency is remarkably high. The first/second regeneration efficiency of commercial activated carbon and activated anthracite exhausted with phenol are 55/98 and 65/99% and in case of RED 31 are 78/100 and 338/93% with losses of activated carbon less than 4% per regeneration. Because of little losses of activated carbon and successive regeneration, this regeneration method is suitable for regenerating exhausted activated carbon.
