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Synthetic Approaches Towards Gold I And Silver I Complexes Of Functionalised N Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands
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Book Synopsis Synthetic Approaches Towards Gold (I) and Silver (I) Complexes of Functionalised N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands by : James Laurence Hickey
Download or read book Synthetic Approaches Towards Gold (I) and Silver (I) Complexes of Functionalised N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands written by James Laurence Hickey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work focuses on the design and synthesis of Au(I) and Ag(I) complexes from ligand systems that aim to combine both N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and phosphine ligand types. A number of synthetic approaches towards both the ligands and the prepared metal complexes have been developed, with a concerted effort on achieving the desired Au(I) or Ag(I) complexes with minimal reaction steps and synthetic style. The thesis body is divided into two main sections. The first section addresses the preparation of suitable ligand precursors of potential Au(I) and Ag(I) complexes in the form of halo- and phosphino-functionalised imidazolium salts. Several series of haloalkylimidazolium salts were prepared that encompass a range of halogens (Cl, Br, I), alkyl substituents (Me, i-Pr, t-Bu, n-Bu), differing alkyl linker length (n = 0-3), and a variety of organic spacers employed to bridge multi-imidazolium moieties. Novel bidentate and multidentate phosphinoalkylimidazolium salts were synthesised from the various haloalkylimidazolium salts, via the substitution of a halide with nucleophilic diphenylphosphide. A new approach towards rare methylene bridged phosphinomethylimidazolium salts was achieved from the reactions of halomethylimidazolium salts with diphenylphosphine. The second section investigates the preparation of Au(I) and Ag(I) complexes from the halo- and phosphino-functionalised imidazolium salts. A series of dicationic 10, 12, and 14-membered metallacyclic Ag(I) complexes were prepared from the bidentate phosphinoalkylimidazolium salts. The dinuclear Ag(I) metallacycles combine two phosphino-functionalised NHC ligands that are bridged by two coordinated Ag(I) ions in an exclusively head-to-head arrangement. A dinuclear Ag(I) metallacycle was investigated for transmetallation potential to a Au(I) complex and found to selectively transmetallate at the Ag(I) coordinated to the NHC ligands to form a bimetallic metallacycle. Unexpected phosphine oxidation of a 10-membered dinuclear Ag(I) metallacycle resulted in complex disproportionation to an isolable and rare silver(I) trimer. Metal-NHC complexes from haloalkylimidazolium salts have not been reported previously, a novel approach to the synthesis of a series of Au(I) complexes from haloalkylimidazolium salts and a respective gold source was developed and is reported herein. Different synthetic approaches towards Au(I) complexes with the phosphinoalkylimidazolium salts explored a variety of ways to generate the NHC from an imidazolium in the presence of the phosphine. A one-pot, high yielding synthesis of a dinuclear Au(I) complex from PPh3 was also devised, with controlled assembly of the complex resulting in a similar head-to-head ligand arrangement to the dinuclear Ag(I) metallacycles. As an aside, a family of mononuclear [Au(R2NHC)2]+ complexes (R = Me, i-Pr, t- Bu, n-Bu, Cy) prepared previously in our research group, was expanded because of the promising antimitochondrial activity shown by [Au(i-Pr2NHC)2]+. Two new [Au(R2NHC)2]+ complexes with simple alkyl chain functionality were prepared with fine-tuned lipophilicity in close proximity to that of [Au(i-Pr2NHC)2]+.
Book Synopsis N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Synthesis by : Steven P. Nolan
Download or read book N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Synthesis written by Steven P. Nolan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-10-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first handbook to focus solely on the application of N-heterocyclic carbenes in synthesis covers metathesis, organocatalysis, oxidation and asymmetric reactions, along with experimental procedures. Written by leading international experts this is a valuable and practical source for every organic chemist.
Book Synopsis Silver(I) and Gold(I) N-heterocyclic Carbene Complexes by : Semih Durmus
Download or read book Silver(I) and Gold(I) N-heterocyclic Carbene Complexes written by Semih Durmus and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The introduction of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) to organometallic and inorganic chemistry was achieved by the synthesis and isolation of chromium and mercury NHC complexes by Öfele and Wanzlick in 1968. The synthesis and characterization of numerous carbene metal complexes by Lappert et al were a significant contribution to this area of chemistry. NHCs have become an important area of research after the isolation of the first stable carbene by Arduengo in 1991. In chapter 1, the synthesis and biological activities of NHCs and their silver(I) and gold(I) derivatives are discussed. In chapter 2, the synthesis and characterization of an imidazolium-linked cyclophane is discussed as well as its potential use as a medicinal agent. In chapter 3, the synthesis and characterization of a silver(I) NHC complex is reported. The antimicrobial activity of the silver(I) NHC complex is also reported against clinically important bacteria. In chapter 4, the synthesis of a variety of silver(I) NHC complexes and their carbene transfer reactions to gold(I) reagents are reported. The gold(I) NHC complexes are also investigated for their anticancer properties. In chapter 5, the use of urocanic acid as NHC precursor is reported. The synthesis and characterization of the first silver(I) NHC complex derived from biological molecule urocanic acid is discussed as well as its antimicrobial activity."--Abstract.
Download or read book Carbene Chemistry written by Guy Bertrand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-05-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlights recent discoveries in the development of rapid kinetic techniques that allow for direct visualization and state-of-the-art computational methods.
Book Synopsis N-Heterocyclic Carbenes by : Silvia Diez-Gonzalez
Download or read book N-Heterocyclic Carbenes written by Silvia Diez-Gonzalez and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In less than 20 years N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become well-established ancillary ligands for the preparation of transition metal-based catalysts. This is mainly due to the fact that NHCs tend to bind strongly to metal centres, avoiding the need of excess ligand in catalytic reactions. Also, NHC‒metal complexes are often insensitive to air and moisture, and have proven remarkably resistant to oxidation. This book showcases the wide variety of applications of NHCs in different chemistry fields beyond being simple phosphine mimics. This second edition has been updated throughout, and now includes a new chapter on NHC‒main group element complexes. It covers the synthesis of NHC ligands and their corresponding metal complexes, as well as their bonding and stereoelectronic properties and applications in catalysis. This is complemented by related topics such as organocatalysis and biologically active complexes. Written for organic and inorganic chemists, this book is ideal for postgraduates, researchers and industrialists.
Book Synopsis Synthesis of N-heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I) Complexes by : Luca Boselli
Download or read book Synthesis of N-heterocyclic Carbene Gold(I) Complexes written by Luca Boselli and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical applications of gold complexes based on N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are beginning to unfold. Some cationic gold(I) NHCs complexes show antimitochondrial activities, a very promising action mode in the fight against cancer; due to their positive charge these complexes target preferentially tumor cells, leading to cell death. In this work of thesis, three groups of new NHC-based gold and heterobimetallic complexes involving aliphatic or aromatic amino-functionalized NHCs with interesting potential in biomedical research have been synthesized and characterized. The first group is formed by three luminescent heterobimetallic gold(I)-ruthenium(II) complexes containing heteroditopic bipyridine-NHC ligands. These compounds have been biologically investigated by in vitro tests for their antitumoral, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities. Finally, imaging studies in cancer cells have been performed exploiting the luminescent properties of the most active compound. The second group of molecules is concerned by cationic gold(I) complexes containing two 1-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]imidazolydene ligands. First the complexes have been tested for their antiproliferative activity in prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Lipophilicity (Log P) has been determined for these complexes. The most active complex has been tested for the cytotoxic activities in five human cancer cell lines and primary endothelial cells demonstrating a potent action and selectivity for cancer cells. In addition, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities of these compounds have been investigated showing interesting results. The third group is formed by a hetero-dinuclear gold(I)-silver(I) and a trinuclear gold(I)-copper(II) complexes containing phenanthroline-NHC ligands. The compounds are formed by two different organometallic units potentially able to act as multi-targeting anticancer drug.
Book Synopsis Direct Synthesis of Metal Complexes by : B.I. Kharisov
Download or read book Direct Synthesis of Metal Complexes written by B.I. Kharisov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Synthesis of Metal Complexes provides in-depth coverage of the direct synthesis of coordination and organometallic compounds. The work is primarily organized by methods, but also covers highly relevant complexes, such as metal-polymer coordination compounds. This updated reference discusses recent developments in cryosynthesis, electrosynthesis, and tribosynthesis (popular as it doesn’t require organic solvents), with special attention paid to ‘greener’ methodologies and approaches. Additionally, the book describes physical methods of zero-valent metal interaction with organic matter, including sputtering, ultrasonic treatment and synthesis in ionic liquids. The book presents completely new content as a follow-up to the 1999 Elsevier Science publication Direct Synthesis of Coordination and Organometallic Compounds that was edited by Dr. Garnovskii and Dr. Kharisov. Covers current methods and techniques of metal interactions with organic media leading to metal chelates, adducts, di- and polymetallic complexes, metal-containing macrocycles, supported coordination compounds (i.e., metal complexes on carbon nanotubes), and more Describes reactivities of distinct forms of elemental metals (powders, sheets, nanoparticles (including a host of less-common metal nanostructures) with organic phase (liquid, solid and gaseous) and water Includes experimental procedures, with examples of direct synthesis, at the end of each chapter
Book Synopsis Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells by : Rubén D. Costa
Download or read book Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells written by Rubén D. Costa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the recent achievements towards the next generation of Light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEC). Its first part focus on the definition, history and mechanism of LEC, going then to concepts and challenges and, finally, giving the reader examples of current application of new electroluminescent materials. The chapters are written by different international groups working on LEC.
Book Synopsis The Mizoroki-Heck Reaction by : Martin Oestreich
Download or read book The Mizoroki-Heck Reaction written by Martin Oestreich and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-02-11 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the importance of Richard F. Heck’s carbon coupling reaction, this book highlights the subject of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis, and includes a foreword from Nobel Prize winner Richard F. Heck. The Mizoroki-Heck reaction is a palladium-catalyzed carbon–carbon bond forming process which is widely used in organic and organometallic synthesis. It has seen increasing use in the past decade as chemists look for strategies enabling the controlled construction of complex carbon skeletons. The Mizoroki-Heck Reaction is the first dedicated volume on this important reaction, including topics on: mechanisms of the Mizoroki-Heck reaction intermolecular Mizoroki-Heck reactions focus on regioselectivity and product outcome in organic synthesis waste-minimized Mizoroki-Heck reactions intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck reactions formation of heterocycles chelation-controlled Mizoroki-Heck reactions the Mizoroki-Heck reaction in domino processes oxidative heck-type reactions (Fujiwara-Moritani reactions) Mizoroki-Heck reactions with metals other than palladium ligand design for intermolecular asymmetric Mizoroki-Heck reactions intramolecular enantioselective Mizoroki-Heck reactions desymmetrizing Mizoroki-Heck reactions applications in combinatorial and solid phase syntheses, and the development of modern solvent systems and reaction techniques the asymmetric intramolecular Mizoroki-Heck reaction in natural product total synthesis Several chapters are devoted to asymmetric Heck reactions with particular focus on the construction of otherwise difficult-to-obtain sterically congested tertiary and quaternary carbons. Industrial and academic applications are highlighted in the final section. The Mizoroki-Heck Reaction will find a place on the bookshelves of any organic or organometallic chemist. “I am convinced that this book will rapidly become the most important reference text for research chemists in academia and industry who seek orientation in the rapidly growing and – for the layman – confusing field described as the “’Mizoroki–Heck reaction’.” (Synthesis, March 2010)
Book Synopsis Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence by : Allen J. Bard
Download or read book Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence written by Allen J. Bard and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-07-20 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first source on this expanding analytical science, this reference explores advances in the instrumentation, design, and application of techniques with electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL), examining the use and impact of ECL-based assays in clinical diagnostics, life science research, environmental testing, food and water evaluation, and th
Book Synopsis Chiral Ferrocenes in Asymmetric Catalysis by : Li-Xin Dai
Download or read book Chiral Ferrocenes in Asymmetric Catalysis written by Li-Xin Dai and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book meets the long-felt need for a reference on ferrocenes with the focus on catalysis. It provides a thorough overview of the synthesis and characterization of different types of chiral ferrocene ligands, their application to various catalytic asymmetric reactions, and versatile chiral materials as well as drug intermediates synthesized from them. Written by the "who's who" of ferrocene catalysis, this is a guide to the design of new ferrocene ligands and synthesis of chiral synthetic intermediates, and will thus be useful for organic, catalytic and synthetic chemists working in academia, industrial research or process development.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Reactivity of Metal Complexes Containing Functionalized N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands for Catalytic Applications by : Pengfei Ai
Download or read book Synthesis and Reactivity of Metal Complexes Containing Functionalized N-heterocyclic Carbene Ligands for Catalytic Applications written by Pengfei Ai and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this work was the synthesis of N,N'-diphosphanyl-functionalized NHC ligands andtheir coordination chemistry. The novel stable and rigid tridentate N,N'-diphosphanyl-imidazol-2-ylidene was synthesized and experimental and computational information on its stability weregained. It served as a unique platform for the synthesis of novel mono-, di-, tri-, penta-, hexanuclear complexes with the coinage metals (Cu, Ag and Au), exhibiting rare structural features. The mono- and dinuclear complexes with one or two dangling P-donors provided rational access to heterotrinuclear complexes. All these coinage metal complexes have short metal-metalseparations, indicating the presence of d10-d10 interactions, and display excellent luminescentproperties. Partial or complete transmetallation of the homotrinuclear Cu or Ag complexes withPd(0) precursors led to hetero-trinuclear complexes with d10-d10 interactions. In addition to itsbridging behavior, this ligand also showed its chelating behavior in Pd or Cr(III) complexes. Thelatter displayed superior performance in ethylene oligomerization than the Cr(II) complexes andgave mostly oligomers.
Book Synopsis Synthesis of Well-defined N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of Late Transition Metals by : Pierre de Frémont
Download or read book Synthesis of Well-defined N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Complexes of Late Transition Metals written by Pierre de Frémont and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is dedicated to the synthesis of well-defined organosilver and organogold complexes bearing NHC ligands. In addition, two short chapters describe briefly the synthesis of NHC acetylacetonate palladium(II) complexes, and the use of NHC ruthenium(II) indenylidene complexes in ring opening metathesis polymerization reactions. New silver(I) and gold(I) halide mono-NHC complexes are synthesized, structurally characterized, and compared to other existing silver(I) and gold(I) complexes. The gold(I) cation firmly bound to the carbene, undergoes oxidative addition with halogens to afford gold(III) NHC complexes, or dehalogenation in presence of inorganic silver salts to afford cationic gold(I) mono-NHC complexes in coordinating solvent. The coordinating solvent can be replaced by a neutral or anionic group to yield gold(I) NHC complexes with unusual ligands such as olefins, pyridines, sugars. In contrast, the silver(I) cation is weakly bound to the carbene, and silver(I) NHCs decompose in presence of halogens or inorganic silver salts.
Book Synopsis Synthesis, Metal Complexes, Reduction Chemistry and Antimicrobial Applications of a Novel Bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-supported N-heterocyclic Carbene by : Rachel Renee Butorac
Download or read book Synthesis, Metal Complexes, Reduction Chemistry and Antimicrobial Applications of a Novel Bis(imino)acenaphthene (BIAN)-supported N-heterocyclic Carbene written by Rachel Renee Butorac and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as ligands in catalysis is one of the most significant developments in modern catalysis and organometallic chemistry. One way to extend the scope of NHC ligand tuning is by means of annulation of carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings to the NHC backbone. The bis(imino)acenaphthene-supported N-heterocyclic carbene [IPr(BIAN)] has been synthesized and can be regarded as originating from the fusion of a naphthalene ring to an NHC. Several metal complexes of IPr(BIAN), including those incorporating copper(I), silver(I), gold(I), or iridium(I) have been synthesized and characterized, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The doncity of IPr(BIAN) was investigated using the Tolmen Electronic Parameter (TEP) method. A TEP value of 2042 cm−1 was calculated for the IPr(BIAN) ligand using the Ir(CO)2Cl complex which indicates that IPr(BIAN) is a relatively strong electron donating NHC ligand. The well-behaved redox chemistry of the BIAN ligand class rendered IPr(BIAN) an excellent candidate for exploration of the relationship between ligand charge and carbene donicity. The electrochemical reduction of IPr(BIAN) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in a THF solution and a reversible reduction wave was detected at - 1.79 V vs SCE. Spectroelectrochemical IR studies were also undertaken to further characterize the nature of the reduced state. IPr(BIAN) was found to be a stronger electron donating ligand in the reduced state in comparison with the neutral state of the ligand. IPr(BIAN) was also chemically reduced using potassium graphite and the resulting radical anion was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques. An isotropic EPR signal was observed at a g value of 2.0112. Due to the known antimicrobial activities of silver and gold NHCs, the activities of the silver and gold complexes of IPr(BIAN) and the imidazolium salts of several BIAN ligands were investigated using the minimum inhibitory concentration test. The silver(I) and gold(I) complexes of IPr(BIAN) were found to be moderately active. The most active compounds were found to be the imidazolium salts, with MIC values ranging between
Book Synopsis Mechanochemical Organic Synthesis by : Davor Margetic
Download or read book Mechanochemical Organic Synthesis written by Davor Margetic and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-23 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanochemical Organic Synthesis is a comprehensive reference that not only synthesizes the current literature but also offers practical protocols that industrial and academic scientists can immediately put to use in their daily work. Increasing interest in green chemistry has led to the development of numerous environmentally-friendly methodologies for the synthesis of organic molecules of interest. Amongst the green methodologies drawing attention, mechanochemistry is emerging as a promising method to circumvent the use of toxic solvents and reagents as well as to increase energy efficiency. The development of synthetic strategies that require less, or the minimal, amount of energy to carry out a specific reaction with optimum productivity is of vital importance for large-scale industrial production. Experimental procedures at room temperature are the mildest reaction conditions (essentially required for many temperature-sensitive organic substrates as a key step in multi-step sequence reactions) and are the core of mechanochemical organic synthesis. This green synthetic method is now emerging in a very progressive manner and until now, there is no book that reviews the recent developments in this area. Features cutting-edge research in the field of mechanochemical organic synthesis for more sustainable reactions Integrates advances in green chemistry research into industrial applications and process development Focuses on designing techniques in organic synthesis directed toward mild reaction conditions Includes global coverage of mechanochemical synthetic protocols for the generation of organic compounds
Download or read book Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 35 written by and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-08-13 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Inorganic Syntheses series provides all users of inorganic substances with detailed and foolproof procedures for the preparation of important and timely compounds. Includes complete, up-to-date procedures involving important inorganic substances Contains subject, contributor, and formula indexes
Book Synopsis Metal-based Anticancer Agents by : Angela Casini
Download or read book Metal-based Anticancer Agents written by Angela Casini and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-based anticancer drugs are among the most successful therapeutic agents, as evidenced by the frequent prescription of selected platinum and arsenic compounds to patients. Metal-based Anticancer Agents covers the interdisciplinary world of inorganic drug discovery and development by introducing the most prominent compound classes based on different transition metals, discussing emerging concepts and enabling methods, as well as presenting key pre-clinical and clinical aspects. Recent progress on the unique features of next-generation targeted metal-based anticancer agents, including supramolecular coordination complexes used for both therapy and drug delivery, promise a bright future beyond the benefits of pure cytotoxic activity. With contributions from global leaders in the field, this book will serve as a useful reference to established researchers as well as a practical guide to those new to metallodrugs, and postgraduate students of medicinal chemistry and metallobiology.
