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Superconductive Particle Detectors
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Book Synopsis Superconducting and Low-Temperature Particle Detectors by : G. Waysand
Download or read book Superconducting and Low-Temperature Particle Detectors written by G. Waysand and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As demonstrated by the contributions in this volume, the domain of superconducting and low-temperature devices is in a rapidly expanding phase. Interactions between materials sciences, low-temperature physics, astrophysics, nuclear and particle physics have provided the incentive for new experiments, which could ultimately record such rare interactions as double beta decay, neutrino scattering, or collisions of the elusive dark matter halo particles. The theoretical and experimental improvements achieved during the last year have been impressive. Detection of 60 keV resolution with a non-zero spin material as a target seems therefore realizable in the near future. Similarly, impressive achievements on ballistic phonons detection and superheated superconducting detectors have been presented, together with reliable techniques for developing ultra low noise electronics required by these ambitious experiments. Apart from the contributions presented during the symposium, the two original papers by Niinikoski proposing the use of bolometers as particle detectors have been included in this volume. These papers, despite their current interest, have never been published before. The comprehensive style of the papers will appeal to specialists and non-specialists alike, in particular solid-state physicists will find the volume of considerable interest, as the field of materials research continues to benefit from the type of work presented here.
Book Synopsis Superconductive Particle Detectors - Advances In The Physics Of Condensed Matter by : Antonio Barone
Download or read book Superconductive Particle Detectors - Advances In The Physics Of Condensed Matter written by Antonio Barone and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1988-04-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workshop is a series of meetings organized by the Institute for Scientific Interchange in Torino, Italy. It focuses on the potential of Superconductivity in the field of radiation detection and is particularly timely and important. The proceedings of the workshop highlights research on Superconducting Detectors for Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Superconducting Tunneling Junctions, Superheated Superconducting Granules among other topics.
Book Synopsis Superconductive Particle Detectors by : Antonio Barone
Download or read book Superconductive Particle Detectors written by Antonio Barone and published by Advances in the Physics of Con. This book was released on 1988 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workshop is a series of meetings organized by the Institute for Scientific Interchange in Torino, Italy. It focuses on the potential of Superconductivity in the field of radiation detection and is particularly timely and important. The proceedings of the workshop highlights research on Superconducting Detectors for Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Superconducting Tunneling Junctions, Superheated Superconducting Granules among other topics.
Book Synopsis Superconductivity and Particle Detection by :
Download or read book Superconductivity and Particle Detection written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Superconductivity And Particle Detection - Proceedings Of The International Workshop by : G Waysand
Download or read book Superconductivity And Particle Detection - Proceedings Of The International Workshop written by G Waysand and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1995-03-07 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superconductors today constitute a major focus of activity in the development of high resolution detectors for many applications. This volume collects the papers of an international workshop on the basic theoretical and experimental issues involved in the interaction between particles and superconductors. It emphasizes the involved condensed matter aspects of non-equilibrium time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations, metastable superconductivity, quasiparticle and phonon lifetimes, and quasiparticle trapping, as well as low-noise pulse electronics, detector fabrication and low background cryogenics.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Electronics by : Vladimir Polushkin
Download or read book Nuclear Electronics written by Vladimir Polushkin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-11-19 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the commercialisation of superconducting particles and radiation detectors set to occur in the very near future, nuclear analytical instrumentation is taking a big step forward. These new detectors have a high degree of accuracy, stability and speed and are suitable for high-density multiplex integration in nuclear research laboratories and astrophysics. Furthermore, superconducting detectors can also be successfully applied to food safety, airport security systems, medical examinations, doping tests & forensic investigations. This book is the first to address a new generation of analytical tools based on new superconductor detectors demonstrating outstanding performance unsurpassed by any other conventional devices. Presenting the latest research and development in nanometer technologies and biochemistry this book: * Discusses the development of nuclear sensing techniques. * Provides guidance on the design and use of the next generation of detectors. * Describes cryogenic detectors for nuclear measurements and spectrometry. * Covers primary detectors, front-end readout electronics and digital signal processing. * Presents applications in nanotechnology and modern biochemistry including DNA sequencing, proteinomics, microorganisms. * Features examples of two applications in X-ray electron probe nanoanalysis and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. This comprehensive treatment is the ideal reference for researchers, industrial engineers and graduate students involved in the development of high precision nuclear measurements, nuclear analytical instrumentation and advanced superconductor primary sensors. This book will also appeal to physicists, electrical and electronic engineers in the nuclear industry.
Book Synopsis Superconductive particle detectors by : Antonio Barone
Download or read book Superconductive particle detectors written by Antonio Barone and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Applied Superconductivity by : Paul Seidel
Download or read book Applied Superconductivity written by Paul Seidel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-22 with total page 1336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging presentation of applied superconductivity, from fundamentals and materials right up to the details of many applications, is an essential reference for physicists and engineers in academic research as well as in industry. Readers looking for a comprehensive overview on basic effects related to superconductivity and superconducting materials will expand their knowledge and understanding of both low and high Tc superconductors with respect to their application. Technology, preparation and characterization are covered for bulk, single crystals, thins fi lms as well as electronic devices, wires and tapes. The main benefit of this work lies in its broad coverage of significant applications in magnets, power engineering, electronics, sensors and quantum metrology. The reader will find information on superconducting magnets for diverse applications like particle physics, fusion research, medicine, and biomagnetism as well as materials processing. SQUIDs and their usage in medicine or geophysics are thoroughly covered, as are superconducting radiation and particle detectors, aspects on superconductor digital electronics, leading readers to quantum computing and new devices.
Book Synopsis Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter II by : Luis Gonzalez-Mestres
Download or read book Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter II written by Luis Gonzalez-Mestres and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1988 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nonequilibrium Superconductivity for Particle Detectors by :
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Superconductivity for Particle Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A considerable amount of attention has been devoted to nonequilibrium superconductivity over the last 10 to 15 years. A fairly complete and quantatitive understanding of the experimental and theoretical aspects of the subject has emerged. In this paper aspects of nonequilibrium superconductivity which are relevant to a majority of particle detector applications will be reviewed, and new calculations, more specific to actual detector applications, will be presented. The primary focus is on ionizing particles for which the characteristic energy is greater than typical superconducting energy gap values, .delta., of about 1 MeV. Thus microwave and far-infrared detection is excluded, although many of the results and consequences may also apply in those cases. 36 refs., 1 fig.
Book Synopsis Superconducting Nuclear Particle Detector by : D. E. Spiel
Download or read book Superconducting Nuclear Particle Detector written by D. E. Spiel and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Work was undertaken to determine the feasibility of using thin superconducting films as nuclear particle detectors. The results of experiments show conclusively that such devices can be used to detect such radiation. The diffusion of energy from electrons excited by charged particle bombardment was studied by observation of superconducting-normal transitions caused by alpha particles incident on thin films of tin or indium. Because the films were sufficiently narrow, alpha particles initiated transitions across the full width. The transitions were observed by means of the IR drop produced by a transport current. For low current densities, self-terminating pulses were observed. For higher current densities, a normal region initiated by an alpha particle spread by boundary propagation to the ends of the film as the result of Joule heating. The films were deposited on 1/8-in.-thick crystalline quartz or glass substrates in a vacuum of the order of 0.000001 torr. Superconducting-normal transitions were observed with the films cooled by a liquid helium bath on the back side of the substrate. A thin Po210 source, suspended in vacuum above the film, supplied 5.3 MeV alphas. (Author).
Book Synopsis Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter by : Klaus Pretzl
Download or read book Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter written by Klaus Pretzl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the last few years astrophysicists and elementary particle physicists have been working jointly on the following fascinating phenomena: 1. The solar neutrino puzzle and the question: What happens to the neutrinos on their way from the sun to the earth? 2. The growing evidence that our universe is filled with about 10 times more matter than is visible and the question: What is dark matter made of? 3. The supernovae explosions and the question: What do neutrinos tell us about such explosions and vice versa? The experimental investigation of these phenomena is difficult and involves unconventional techniques. These are presently under development, and bring together such seemingly disparate disciplines as astrophysics and elementary particle physics on the one hand and superconductivity and solid-state physics on the other. This book contains the proceedings of a workshop held in March 1987 at which the above subjects and their experimental investigation were discussed. The proposed experimental methods are very new. They involve frontier developments in low temperature and solid-state physics. The book should be useful to researchers and students who actively work on these subjects or plan to enter the field. It also offers the non-expert reader with some physics background a good survey of the activities in this field.
Book Synopsis Quasiparticle and Phonon Transport in Superconducting Particle Detectors by : Gavin Burnell
Download or read book Quasiparticle and Phonon Transport in Superconducting Particle Detectors written by Gavin Burnell and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over a decade now there has been much research into the use of superconductors in X-ray, gamma ray and other particle detectors. Detectors based on superconductor-insulator-superconductor(SIS) and superconductor-insulator-normal metal(SIN) tunnel junctions have been widely developed. To date, the predicted excellent energy resolving ability of such detectors has not been realised. Various energy loss processes have been suggested as possible causes for the failure to obtain energy resolutions close to the thermodynamic and quantum limits predicted. In my experiments, I have used both SIS and SIN tunnel junctions to investigate the transport of quasiparticles and phonons in structures similar to the proposed detector designs. I have used multiple distributed junction geometries to perform injection-detection type experiments. One junction is used to inject quasiparticles and/or phonons into the device structure, whilst the current-voltage characteristic of a second junction is monitored for a response to the injected quasiparticles/phonons. Using this type of experimental set-up, I have measured the transport of non-thermal equilibrium quasiparticles in an epitaxial niobium film. Using a simple random walk model, I have calculated an effective lifetime for quasiparticles. I have not observed the process of quasiparticle mulitiplication that has been observed by other researchers - I attribute this to differences in the microstructure of my devices and comment on the implications of this to possible quasiparticle loss mechanisms. I have investigated the energy transport in a device with a number of SIN tunnel junctions connected to a common normal metal electrode. Phonon transport via the substrate is found to be the dominant coupling process between the tunnel junctions, although the device design can result in some junctions being effectively shielded from the substrate phonons by the common electrode. Finally, the possibilities of using a superconducting heterostructure to control the rate at which quasiparticles recombine and emit phonons have been explored. Excessive recombination is believed to limit the effectiveness of large areas SIN tunnel junctions as thermometers for particle detecting bolometers.
Book Synopsis Superconducting Detectors and Massive Gauge Bosons in Superconductivity by : Daniel Brandt
Download or read book Superconducting Detectors and Massive Gauge Bosons in Superconductivity written by Daniel Brandt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is concerned with the fundamental physics of the superconducting-to-normal transition (sn-transition), particularly the mechanisms which give rise to massive gauge bosons and applications of the superconducting-to-normal transition, particularly in the form of superconducting radiation detectors. The basics of three of the most common types of superconducting particle detectors are discussed in Chapter 2: Superconducting Tunnel Junctions (STJs), Transition Edge Sensors (TESs), and Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters (MMCs). The chapter continues with an investigation of the phenomenon of TES excess noise, a white noise source of uncertain origin apparently intrinsic to the device [1]. The current theories of Phase Slip Shot Noise (PSSN) and percolation noise are discussed and the quantitative analytical model proposed by Fraser [2] is extended to include the magnetic field dependence of the noise spectral current density. An analytical expression for the dependence of the percolation noise spectral current density on experimental parameters is derived. In Chapter 3 the author addresses the question of whether quantum mechanical fluctuations of the vacuum energy can influence the sn-transition. The existing theory is refined by developing a treatment of the system using superconductor-specific electrodynamics. A mathematical model of the relevant vacuum interactions is derived and a quantitative estimate of the magnitude of the coupling is presented. In superconductors photons have a non-zero rest mass arising from the Higgs mechanism. Chapter 4 discusses the optical properties of a hypothetical transparent superconductor and finds practical applications. In Chapter 5 it is found that the Higgs mechanism applies to any gauge field generated by the superconducting electrons, including their gravitational field and a theory of massive gravity is developed. The massive gravitational field is propagated by non-zero rest mass gravitons, and the theory predicts the sum of gravitomagnetic flux and magnetic flux through a superconducting ring to be quantised. Some of the implications and possible experiments are explored.
Book Synopsis Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter IV by : Norman E. Booth
Download or read book Low Temperature Detectors for Neutrinos and Dark Matter IV written by Norman E. Booth and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1992 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal Effects on Near-critically Biased Superconducting Thin Film Particle Detectors by : Anthony Garzarella
Download or read book Thermal Effects on Near-critically Biased Superconducting Thin Film Particle Detectors written by Anthony Garzarella and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The development of a superconducting low energy particle detector by : Robert Rives Humphris
Download or read book The development of a superconducting low energy particle detector written by Robert Rives Humphris and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
