Stress Field Control Of Eruption Dynamics

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Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics

Author : Roberto Sulpizio
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889452778
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics by : Roberto Sulpizio

Download or read book Stress Field Control of Eruption Dynamics written by Roberto Sulpizio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence supports the claim that stress changes play a fundamental role in triggering volcanic eruptions. Stress changes may vary in origin to include earthquakes, erosion and landslide processes, deglaciation, or tidal effects. The local stress can also change as response of magma influx from deeper reservoirs and an increase of the magma/gas pressure. The stress transfer may be of great importance in reawakening a dormant system. As an example, significant statistical correlation of large earthquakes and eruptions in time and space was suggested in many works. The interaction may be two-fold; where magma intrusions may change the stress at active faults and trigger earthquakes, while tectonic earthquakes may affect the magmatic system and change the eruption activity. The change in local tectonic stress has been claimed as trigger of large ignimbrite eruptions or for controlling the eruptive style of explosive eruptions. Sometimes volcano systems that are nested or closely located may become active in chorus; neighbouring volcanoes may interact in the sense that one volcano triggers its neighbouring volcano. However, although there is ample evidence of concurrence, the processes of interacting volcanoes and near- to far-field tectonic stress are not well understood. Some studies suggest that volcanic eruptions are triggered if compressive stress acts at the magma system and “squeezes” out magma. Other studies suggest that extensional stress fields facilitate magma rise and thus encourage eruptions, or that fluctuating compression and extension during the passing of seismic waves trigger eruptions. This research topic tries to address some of the important open questions in interaction between stress field and volcanic eruption, though both review papers and new contributions.

Detecting, Modelling and Responding to Effusive Eruptions

Author : A.J.L. Harris
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862397368
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Detecting, Modelling and Responding to Effusive Eruptions by : A.J.L. Harris

Download or read book Detecting, Modelling and Responding to Effusive Eruptions written by A.J.L. Harris and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For effusive volcanoes in resource-poor regions, there is a pressing need for a crisis response-chain bridging the global scientific community to allow provision of standard products for timely humanitarian response. As a first step in attaining this need, this Special Publication provides a complete directory of current operational capabilities for monitoring effusive eruptions. This volume also reviews the state-of-the-art in terms of satellite-based volcano hot-spot tracking and lava-flow simulation. These capabilities are demonstrated using case studies taken from well-known effusive events that have occurred worldwide over the last two decades at volcanoes such as Piton de la Fournaise, Etna, Stromboli and Kilauea. We also provide case-type response models implemented at the same volcanoes, as well as the results of a community-wide drill used to test a fully-integrated response focused on an operational hazard-GIS. Finally, the objectives and recommendations of the ‘Risk Evaluation, Detection and Simulation during Effusive Eruption Disasters’ working group are laid out in a statement of community needs by its members.

The East African Rift System

Author : Athanas Simon Macheyeki
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323956432
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis The East African Rift System by : Athanas Simon Macheyeki

Download or read book The East African Rift System written by Athanas Simon Macheyeki and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The East African Rift System: Geodynamics and Natural Resource Potentials provides state-of-the-art knowledge and skills on how to explore, model, and extract the resources, using the East African Rift System (EARS) as a model. Each aspect to be discussed in the East African Rift System shall have its equivalent case study and readers interested in each rift of the world will find something connected or linked to his/her rift system of interest, be it a sub-chapter on earthquakes, geothermal energy models, etc. The East African Rift System: Geodynamics and Natural Resource Potentials also describes rifting models of all other known rifts (especially continental rifts) of the world such as the Basin and Range Province, Rio Grande (USA); Rhine Graben (France and Germany); the Tibetan Rohai (Tibet); the Shaanxi Bohai (China); Lake Baikal (Russia); North Island (Australia); and the Aegean Sea Rift (Turkey). Key aspects to be presented shall be: rift type, rift age, rift physical dimensions, geothermal gradient models, natural resources, and models of exploration. Connects the science of rift systems to their economic potentials using the East African Rift System as the prime example Includes discussions and case studies from rift systems around the world Features chapters dedicated to natural resources, such as mineral deposit types (Au, He, REE, U) and the basic principles of their exploration?

Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes

Author : Taeko Jane Takahashi
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9781411338722
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (387 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes by : Taeko Jane Takahashi

Download or read book Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes written by Taeko Jane Takahashi and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes establishes a benchmark for the currrent understanding of volcanism in Hawaii, and the articles herein build upon the elegant and pioneering work of Dutton, Jagger, Steams, and many other USGS and academic scientists. Each chapter synthesizes the lessons learned about a specific aspect of volcanism in Hawaii, based largely o continuous observation of eruptive activity and on systematic research into volcanic and earthquake processes during HVO's first 100 years. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR ALREADY REDUCED SALE ITEMS.

Volcanotectonics

Author : Agust Gudmundsson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108882714
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanotectonics by : Agust Gudmundsson

Download or read book Volcanotectonics written by Agust Gudmundsson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-30 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A volcanic eruption occurs when a magma-filled fracture propagates from its source to the surface. Analysing and understanding the conditions that allow this to happen constitute a major part of the scientific field of volcanotectonics. This new volume introduces this cutting-edge and interdisciplinary topic in volcanological research, which incorporates principles and methods from structural geology, tectonics, volcano-deformation studies, physical volcanology, seismology, and physics. It explains and illustrates the physical processes that operate inside volcanoes and which control the frequencies, locations, durations, and sizes of volcanic eruptions. Featuring a clear theoretical framework and helpful summary descriptions of various volcanic structures and products, as well as many worked examples and exercises, this book is an ideal resource for students, researchers and practitioners seeking an understanding of the processes that give rise to volcanic deformation, earthquakes, and eruptions.

Remote sensing of volcanic gas emissions from the ground, air, and space

Author : Christoph Kern
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832541038
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote sensing of volcanic gas emissions from the ground, air, and space by : Christoph Kern

Download or read book Remote sensing of volcanic gas emissions from the ground, air, and space written by Christoph Kern and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

ASTER 20th Anniversary

Author : Yasushi Yamaguchi
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039286846
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis ASTER 20th Anniversary by : Yasushi Yamaguchi

Download or read book ASTER 20th Anniversary written by Yasushi Yamaguchi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is a research facility instrument on NASA’s Terra spacecraft. We celebrated the 20th anniversary of ASTER’s launch in December 1999. ASTER has been providing high spatial resolution multispectral data in the VNIR, SWIR, and TIR regions, and along-track stereo data. Starting April 2016, ASTER data have been distributed to the public at no cost. Another important and the most popular data set is the ASTER Global DEM, which covers almost the entire land surface at a 30 m grid size. ASTER data have been widely used in a variety of application areas such as land surface mapping and change detection, volcano and other natural hazard monitoring, mineral exploration, and urban heat island monitoring. This Special Issue consists of 12 papers (2 reviews, 9 articles, and 1 technical note) and covers topics including development of new techniques to process ASTER data, calibration activities to ensure long-term consistency of ASTER data, validation of the ASTER data products, and scientific achievements using ASTER data.

Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Author : D.M. Pyle
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862393621
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes by : D.M. Pyle

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes written by D.M. Pyle and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2014-01-06 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on how advances in both remote sensing and modelling can be brought together to improve our understanding of the behaviour of active volcanoes. It includes review papers, papers reporting technical advances and case studies showing how the integration of remote-sensing observations with models can be put to good use.

Volcanoes and the Environment

Author : Joan Marti
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139445103
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanoes and the Environment by : Joan Marti

Download or read book Volcanoes and the Environment written by Joan Marti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-21 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes and the Environment is a comprehensive and accessible text incorporating contributions from some of the world's authorities in volcanology. This book is an indispensable guide for those interested in how volcanism affects our planet's environment. It spans a wide variety of topics from geology to climatology and ecology; it also considers the economic and social impacts of volcanic activity on humans. Topics covered include how volcanoes shape the environment, their effect on the geological cycle, atmosphere and climate, impacts on health of living on active volcanoes, volcanism and early life, effects of eruptions on plant and animal life, large eruptions and mass extinctions, and the impact of volcanic disasters on the economy. This book is intended for students and researchers interested in environmental change from the fields of earth and environmental science, geography, ecology and social science. It will also interest policy makers and professionals working on natural hazards.

The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes

Author : Haraldur Sigurdsson
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123859395
Total Pages : 1447 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes by : Haraldur Sigurdsson

Download or read book The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes written by Haraldur Sigurdsson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-03-06 with total page 1447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanoes are unquestionably one of the most spectacular and awe-inspiring features of the physical world. Our paradoxical fascination with them stems from their majestic beauty and powerful, sometimes deadly, destructiveness. Notwithstanding the tremendous advances in volcanology since ancient times, some of the mystery surrounding volcanic eruptions remains today. The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes summarizes our present knowledge of volcanoes; it provides a comprehensive source of information on the causes of volcanic eruptions and both the destructive and beneficial effects. The early chapters focus on the science of volcanism (melting of source rocks, ascent of magma, eruption processes, extraterrestrial volcanism, etc.). Later chapters discuss human interface with volcanoes, including the history of volcanology, geothermal energy resources, interaction with the oceans and atmosphere, health aspects of volcanism, mitigation of volcanic disasters, post-eruption ecology, and the impact of eruptions on organismal biodiversity. Provides the only comprehensive reference work to cover all aspects of volcanology Written by nearly 100 world experts in volcanology Explores an integrated transition from the physical process of eruptions through hazards and risk, to the social face of volcanism, with an emphasis on how volcanoes have influenced and shaped society Presents hundreds of color photographs, maps, charts and illustrations making this an aesthetically appealing reference Glossary of 3,000 key terms with definitions of all key vocabulary items in the field is included

River Dynamics and Integrated River Management

Author : Zhao-Yin Wang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364225652X
Total Pages : 855 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis River Dynamics and Integrated River Management by : Zhao-Yin Wang

Download or read book River Dynamics and Integrated River Management written by Zhao-Yin Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "River Dynamics and Integrated River Management” provides comprehensive information on rivers for integrated management, including natural processes, stresses resulting from human activities, and restoration of various parts of the river basin, including the watershed, mountain streams, alluvial rivers, estuaries, and natural and man-made lakes. Essential concepts, traditional and modern, such as river patterns, step-pool systems, vegetation-erosion charts, habitat diversity, and flushing times of bays, are clearly defined physically and explained with figures and pictures. Detailed mathematics and rigorous analyses are avoided so as to facilitate a holistic view of the subject of integrated river management. Researchers can easily familiarize themselves with the science of river management in its widest sense with the impressive pictures and examples in this book. Dr. Zhaoyin Wang is a professor at the Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China. Dr. Joseph H.W. Lee is a Chair Professor at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, China. Dr. Charles S. Melching is a Professor at the College of Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

The Eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010

Author : G. Wadge
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 1862396302
Total Pages : 499 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010 by : G. Wadge

Download or read book The Eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat from 2000 to 2010 written by G. Wadge and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1995 to present eruption of Soufrière Hills Volcano on Montserrat is one of the most important and best-studied eruptions of an explosive andesitic volcano. This volume presents scientific findings from the period between 2000 and 2010; it follows on from Memoir 21, which focused on the early years of activity between 1995 and 1999. In addition to descriptions and analysis of the growth, collapse and explosions associated with lava domes, there are papers on the deformation of the volcano caused by the deep magma, the petrology and geochemistry of the lavas and associated gases. Of particular note are: an overview of the insights into the deep structure of the volcano that resulted from a major international seismic tomography experiment; and an analysis of the quantitative risk assessment process that has run now for most of the eruption, the longest such continuous assessment in the world.

Giant Coal-Derived Gas Fields and Their Gas Sources in China

Author : Jinxing Dai
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128052619
Total Pages : 582 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Giant Coal-Derived Gas Fields and Their Gas Sources in China by : Jinxing Dai

Download or read book Giant Coal-Derived Gas Fields and Their Gas Sources in China written by Jinxing Dai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-05-09 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giant Coal-Derived Gas Fields and Their Gas Sources in China presents a thorough look at 32 coal-derived gas fields in China. This reference book includes two main parts, the first discussing the geologic characteristics of the tectonic, stratigraphy, source and cap rock assemblage for the accumulation periods. The second part features multiple differential indexes, charts, phase states (gas, liquid, solid), and the methods used to determine the sources of the coal-derived giant gas fields. As the first comprehensive coverage of the methods of gas to source correlation in China, this book will be a classic reference for researchers working in natural gas geology and geochemistry, and teachers working in universities around the world. Provides geochemical data of the coal-derived giant gas fields, guaranteeing the reliability of the research Integrates various indexes, charts, phase states (gas, liquid, solid), and methods to determine the sources of the coal-derived giant gas fields Provides numerous data and case studies of gas fields from coal source rock, giving readers a unique reference for the petroleum geochemistry and geology market

Dynamic Knowledge Representation in Scientific Domains

Author : Pshenichny, Cyril
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522552626
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamic Knowledge Representation in Scientific Domains by : Pshenichny, Cyril

Download or read book Dynamic Knowledge Representation in Scientific Domains written by Pshenichny, Cyril and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main approach to understanding and creating knowledge engineering concepts is static knowledge. Currently, there is a need to approach knowledge through a dynamic lens and address changing relations on an elaborated syntactic and semantic basis. Dynamic Knowledge Representation in Scientific Domains provides emerging research on the internal and external changes in knowledge within various subject areas and their visual representations. While highlighting topics such as behavior diagrams, distribution analysis, and qualitative modeling, this publication explores the structural development and assessment of knowledge models. This book is an important resource for academicians, researchers, students, and practitioners seeking current research on information visualization in order to foster research and collaboration.

Volcán de Colima

Author : Nick Varley
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642259111
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcán de Colima by : Nick Varley

Download or read book Volcán de Colima written by Nick Varley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a comprehensive coverage of the current state of knowledge of Volcán de Colima: its history, its eruptive mechanism, the generation and interpretation of monitoring data, and the risk presented to the local population. The volume pulls together the results of the most important studies of recent years from many areas of volcanology: the geology of its eruptive products; geophysical and geochemical studies of the signals measured that relate to the generation and movement of magma; experimental analysis of its internal processes and the social complexities relating to the risk imposed by future eruptions. Volcán de Colima is an important volcano: it has frequent large Plinian or sub-Plinian eruptions; its activity frequently switches between various regimes, which provides the opportunity to study these transitions from their cause to their impact; and it is a volcano which poses a significant threat to a large population.

Volumes, Timescales, and Frequency of Magmatic Processes in the Earth’s Lithosphere – Part I and II

Author : Mattia Pistone
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889637778
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Volumes, Timescales, and Frequency of Magmatic Processes in the Earth’s Lithosphere – Part I and II by : Mattia Pistone

Download or read book Volumes, Timescales, and Frequency of Magmatic Processes in the Earth’s Lithosphere – Part I and II written by Mattia Pistone and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309454158
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social consequences, even at great distances from the volcano. Fortunately many eruptions are preceded by unrest that can be detected using ground, airborne, and spaceborne instruments. Data from these instruments, combined with basic understanding of how volcanoes work, form the basis for forecasting eruptionsâ€"where, when, how big, how long, and the consequences. Accurate forecasts of the likelihood and magnitude of an eruption in a specified timeframe are rooted in a scientific understanding of the processes that govern the storage, ascent, and eruption of magma. Yet our understanding of volcanic systems is incomplete and biased by the limited number of volcanoes and eruption styles observed with advanced instrumentation. Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing identifies key science questions, research and observation priorities, and approaches for building a volcano science community capable of tackling them. This report presents goals for making major advances in volcano science.