Statistical Misconceptions

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Statistical Misconceptions

Author : Schuyler Huck
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317311566
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Misconceptions by : Schuyler Huck

Download or read book Statistical Misconceptions written by Schuyler Huck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging book helps readers identify and then discard 52 misconceptions about data and statistical summaries. The focus is on major concepts contained in typical undergraduate and graduate courses in statistics, research methods, or quantitative analysis. Interactive Internet exercises that further promote undoing the misconceptions are found on the book's website. The author’s accessible discussion of each misconception has five parts: The Misconception - a brief description of the misunderstanding Evidence that the Misconception Exists – examples and claimed prevalence Why the Misconception is Dangerous – consequence of having the misunderstanding Undoing the Misconception - how to think correctly about the concept Internet Assignment - an interactive activity to help readers gain a firm grasp of the statistical concept and overcome the misconception. The book's statistical misconceptions are grouped into 12 chapters that match the topics typically taught in introductory/intermediate courses. However, each of the 52 discussions is self-contained, thus allowing the misconceptions to be covered in any order without confusing the reader. Organized and presented in this manner, the book is an ideal supplement for any standard textbook. An ideal supplement for undergraduate and graduate courses in statistics, research methods, or quantitative analysis taught in psychology, education, business, nursing, medicine, and the social sciences. The book also appeals to independent researchers interested in undoing their statistical misconceptions.

Statistical Misconceptions

Author : Schuyler W. Huck
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317311558
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Misconceptions by : Schuyler W. Huck

Download or read book Statistical Misconceptions written by Schuyler W. Huck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging book helps readers identify and then discard 52 misconceptions about data and statistical summaries. The focus is on major concepts contained in typical undergraduate and graduate courses in statistics, research methods, or quantitative analysis. Interactive Internet exercises that further promote undoing the misconceptions are found on the book's website. The author’s accessible discussion of each misconception has five parts: The Misconception - a brief description of the misunderstanding Evidence that the Misconception Exists – examples and claimed prevalence Why the Misconception is Dangerous – consequence of having the misunderstanding Undoing the Misconception - how to think correctly about the concept Internet Assignment - an interactive activity to help readers gain a firm grasp of the statistical concept and overcome the misconception. The book's statistical misconceptions are grouped into 12 chapters that match the topics typically taught in introductory/intermediate courses. However, each of the 52 discussions is self-contained, thus allowing the misconceptions to be covered in any order without confusing the reader. Organized and presented in this manner, the book is an ideal supplement for any standard textbook. An ideal supplement for undergraduate and graduate courses in statistics, research methods, or quantitative analysis taught in psychology, education, business, nursing, medicine, and the social sciences. The book also appeals to independent researchers interested in undoing their statistical misconceptions.

Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban Legends

Author : Charles E. Lance
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135269653
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban Legends by : Charles E. Lance

Download or read book Statistical and Methodological Myths and Urban Legends written by Charles E. Lance and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date review of commonly undertaken methodological and statistical practices that are sustained, in part, upon sound rationale and justification and, in part, upon unfounded lore. Some examples of these "methodological urban legends", as we refer to them in this book, are characterized by manuscript critiques such as: (a) "your self-report measures suffer from common method bias"; (b) "your item-to-subject ratios are too low"; (c) "you can’t generalize these findings to the real world"; or (d) "your effect sizes are too low". Historically, there is a kernel of truth to most of these legends, but in many cases that truth has been long forgotten, ignored or embellished beyond recognition. This book examines several such legends. Each chapter is organized to address: (a) what the legend is that "we (almost) all know to be true"; (b) what the "kernel of truth" is to each legend; (c) what the myths are that have developed around this kernel of truth; and (d) what the state of the practice should be. This book meets an important need for the accumulation and integration of these methodological and statistical practices.

Statistics Done Wrong

Author : Alex Reinhart
Publisher : No Starch Press
ISBN 13 : 1593276206
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (932 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics Done Wrong by : Alex Reinhart

Download or read book Statistics Done Wrong written by Alex Reinhart and published by No Starch Press. This book was released on 2015-03-01 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific progress depends on good research, and good research needs good statistics. But statistical analysis is tricky to get right, even for the best and brightest of us. You'd be surprised how many scientists are doing it wrong. Statistics Done Wrong is a pithy, essential guide to statistical blunders in modern science that will show you how to keep your research blunder-free. You'll examine embarrassing errors and omissions in recent research, learn about the misconceptions and scientific politics that allow these mistakes to happen, and begin your quest to reform the way you and your peers do statistics. You'll find advice on: –Asking the right question, designing the right experiment, choosing the right statistical analysis, and sticking to the plan –How to think about p values, significance, insignificance, confidence intervals, and regression –Choosing the right sample size and avoiding false positives –Reporting your analysis and publishing your data and source code –Procedures to follow, precautions to take, and analytical software that can help Scientists: Read this concise, powerful guide to help you produce statistically sound research. Statisticians: Give this book to everyone you know. The first step toward statistics done right is Statistics Done Wrong.

Statistical Inference as Severe Testing

Author : Deborah G. Mayo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108563309
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Inference as Severe Testing by : Deborah G. Mayo

Download or read book Statistical Inference as Severe Testing written by Deborah G. Mayo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting failures of replication in social and biological sciences give a new urgency to critically appraising proposed reforms. This book pulls back the cover on disagreements between experts charged with restoring integrity to science. It denies two pervasive views of the role of probability in inference: to assign degrees of belief, and to control error rates in a long run. If statistical consumers are unaware of assumptions behind rival evidence reforms, they can't scrutinize the consequences that affect them (in personalized medicine, psychology, etc.). The book sets sail with a simple tool: if little has been done to rule out flaws in inferring a claim, then it has not passed a severe test. Many methods advocated by data experts do not stand up to severe scrutiny and are in tension with successful strategies for blocking or accounting for cherry picking and selective reporting. Through a series of excursions and exhibits, the philosophy and history of inductive inference come alive. Philosophical tools are put to work to solve problems about science and pseudoscience, induction and falsification.

The Teaching and Learning of Statistics

Author : Dani Ben-Zvi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319234706
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Teaching and Learning of Statistics by : Dani Ben-Zvi

Download or read book The Teaching and Learning of Statistics written by Dani Ben-Zvi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-24 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the breadth and diversity of empirical and practical work done on statistics education around the world. A wide range of methods are used to respond to the research questions that form it's base. Case studies of single students or teachers aimed at understanding reasoning processes, large-scale experimental studies attempting to generalize trends in the teaching and learning of statistics are both employed. Various epistemological stances are described and utilized. The teaching and learning of statistics is presented in multiple contexts in the book. These include designed settings for young children, students in formal schooling, tertiary level students, vocational schools, and teacher professional development. A diversity is evident also in the choices of what to teach (curriculum), when to teach (learning trajectory), how to teach (pedagogy), how to demonstrate evidence of learning (assessment) and what challenges teachers and students face when they solve statistical problems (reasoning and thinking).

Student Misconceptions and Errors in Physics and Mathematics

Author : Teresa Neidorf
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030301885
Total Pages : 173 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Student Misconceptions and Errors in Physics and Mathematics by : Teresa Neidorf

Download or read book Student Misconceptions and Errors in Physics and Mathematics written by Teresa Neidorf and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access report explores the nature and extent of students’ misconceptions and misunderstandings related to core concepts in physics and mathematics and physics across grades four, eight and 12. Twenty years of data from the IEA’s Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and TIMSS Advanced assessments are analyzed, specifically for five countries (Italy, Norway, Russian Federation, Slovenia, and the United States) who participated in all or almost all TIMSS and TIMSS Advanced assessments between 1995 and 2015. The report focuses on students’ understandings related to gravitational force in physics and linear equations in mathematics. It identifies some specific misconceptions, errors, and misunderstandings demonstrated by the TIMSS Advanced grade 12 students for these core concepts, and shows how these can be traced back to poor foundational development of these concepts in earlier grades. Patterns in misconceptions and misunderstandings are reported by grade, country, and gender. In addition, specific misconceptions and misunderstandings are tracked over time, using trend items administered in multiple assessment cycles. The study and associated methodology may enable education systems to help identify specific needs in the curriculum, improve inform instruction across grades and also raise possibilities for future TIMSS assessment design and reporting that may provide more diagnostic outcomes.

Impact of Visual Simulations in Statistics

Author : Glena Iten
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658083352
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Visual Simulations in Statistics by : Glena Iten

Download or read book Impact of Visual Simulations in Statistics written by Glena Iten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-01 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glena Iten investigates the impact of interactive visual simulations on conceptual understanding of statistical principles. Overall, all students were able to increase their knowledge by working with visual simulations, whereas students who could manipulate statistical graphs in the simulation on their own were significantly faster. Currently, interactive learning tools explaining statistical concepts are widely spread, but only few are tested. Well-structured interactive learning programs with visual simulations have in the past been shown to be effective. By applying effective instructional design principles, an online tutorial where students could either manipulate or only observe changes in the visual simulations, was developed. Practical implications and opportunities for further investigations in this research project are discussed.

ECRM2014-Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies

Author : Dr Martin Rich
Publisher : Academic Conferences Limited
ISBN 13 : 1909507571
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis ECRM2014-Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies by : Dr Martin Rich

Download or read book ECRM2014-Proceedings of the 13th European Conference on Research Methodology for Business and Management Studies written by Dr Martin Rich and published by Academic Conferences Limited. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Debunking Seven Terrorism Myths Using Statistics

Author : Andre Python
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780367472283
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (722 download)

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Book Synopsis Debunking Seven Terrorism Myths Using Statistics by : Andre Python

Download or read book Debunking Seven Terrorism Myths Using Statistics written by Andre Python and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is terrorism? What can we learn and what cannot we learn from terrorism data? What are the perspectives and limitations of the analysis of terrorism data? Over the last decade, scholars have generated unprecedented insight from the statistical analysis of ever-growing databases on terrorism. Yet their findings have not reached the public. This book translates the current state of knowledge on global patterns of terrorism free of unnecessary jargon. Readers will be gradually introduced to statistical reasoning and tools applied to critically analyze terrorism data within a rigorous framework. Debunking Seven Terrorism Myths Using Statistics communicates evidence-based research work on terrorism to a general audience. It describes key statistics that provide an overview of the extent and magnitude of terrorist events perpetrated by actors independent of state governments across the world. The books brings a coherent and rigorous methodological framework to address issues stemming from the statistical analysis of terrorism data and its interpretations. Features Uses statistical reasoning to identify and address seven major misconceptions about terrorism. Discusses the implications of major issues about terrorism data on the interpretation of its statistical analysis. Gradually introduces the complexity of statistical methods to familiarize the non-statistician reader with important statistical concepts to analyze data. Use illustrated examples to help the reader develop a critical approach applied to the quantitative analysis of terrorism data. Includes chapters focusing on major aspects of terrorism: definitional issues, lethality, geography, temporal and spatial patterns, and the predictive ability of models.

Standard Deviations

Author : Gary Smith
Publisher : Abrams
ISBN 13 : 1468310682
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Standard Deviations by : Gary Smith

Download or read book Standard Deviations written by Gary Smith and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How statistical data is used, misused, and abused every day to fool us: “A very entertaining book about a very serious problem.” —Robert J. Shiller, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics and author of Irrational Exuberance Did you know that baseball players whose names begin with “D” are more likely to die young? That Asian Americans are most susceptible to heart attacks on the fourth day of the month? That drinking a full pot of coffee every morning adds years to your life, but one cup a day increases your pancreatic cancer risk? These “facts” have been argued with a straight face by credentialed researchers and backed up with reams of data and convincing statistics. As Nobel Prize–winning economist Ronald Coase cynically observed, “If you torture data long enough, it will confess.” Lying with statistics is a time-honored con. In Standard Deviations, economics professor Gary Smith walks us through the various tricks and traps that people use to back up their own crackpot theories. Sometimes, the unscrupulous deliberately try to mislead us. Other times, the well-intentioned are blissfully unaware of the mischief they are committing. Today, data is so plentiful that researchers spend precious little time distinguishing between good, meaningful indicators and total rubbish. Not only do others use data to fool us, we fool ourselves. Drawing on breakthrough research in behavioral economics and using clear examples, Standard Deviations demystifies the science behind statistics and makes it easy to spot the fraud all around us. “An entertaining primer . . . packed with figures, tables, graphs and ludicrous examples from people who know better (academics, scientists) and those who don’t (political candidates, advertisers).” —Kirkus Reviews (starred review)

Electronic Feedback in Large University Statistics Courses

Author : Andreas Maur
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658416203
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (584 download)

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Book Synopsis Electronic Feedback in Large University Statistics Courses by : Andreas Maur

Download or read book Electronic Feedback in Large University Statistics Courses written by Andreas Maur and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-18 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital tools and pedagogies in public higher education are unfolding their potential by providing large groups of students with automated, continuous learning and feedback opportunities. However, most of the existing studies are cross-sectional, unidirectional and focus on a limited selection of relevant target variables and instructional features. In a field study, Andreas Maur used longitudinal latent structural equation modelling with a large sample of students to analyse the interrelations between formative feedback from electronic quizzes and different facets of the control value theory of achievement emotions. The results suggest that regular quizzes most consistently improve self-efficacy, anxiety, effort, course enjoyment, and hopelessness over time. Only feedback effects related to intrinsic motivation were consistently less effective for female and less proficient students, and for students in traditional versus flipped classrooms. These findings highlight the need to scale up formative feedback in higher education and to cultivate feedback systems with higher levels of sophistication, adaptability, and gamification mechanics.

The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives

Author : Bradley Huitema
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118067460
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives by : Bradley Huitema

Download or read book The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives written by Bradley Huitema and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-24 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complete guide to cutting-edge techniques and best practices for applying covariance analysis methods The Second Edition of Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives sheds new light on its topic, offering in-depth discussions of underlying assumptions, comprehensive interpretations of results, and comparisons of distinct approaches. The book has been extensively revised and updated to feature an in-depth review of prerequisites and the latest developments in the field. The author begins with a discussion of essential topics relating to experimental design and analysis, including analysis of variance, multiple regression, effect size measures and newly developed methods of communicating statistical results. Subsequent chapters feature newly added methods for the analysis of experiments with ordered treatments, including two parametric and nonparametric monotone analyses as well as approaches based on the robust general linear model and reversed ordinal logistic regression. Four groundbreaking chapters on single-case designs introduce powerful new analyses for simple and complex single-case experiments. This Second Edition also features coverage of advanced methods including: Simple and multiple analysis of covariance using both the Fisher approach and the general linear model approach Methods to manage assumption departures, including heterogeneous slopes, nonlinear functions, dichotomous dependent variables, and covariates affected by treatments Power analysis and the application of covariance analysis to randomized-block designs, two-factor designs, pre- and post-test designs, and multiple dependent variable designs Measurement error correction and propensity score methods developed for quasi-experiments, observational studies, and uncontrolled clinical trials Thoroughly updated to reflect the growing nature of the field, Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives is a suitable book for behavioral and medical scineces courses on design of experiments and regression and the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It also serves as an authoritative reference work for researchers and academics in the fields of medicine, clinical trials, epidemiology, public health, sociology, and engineering.

Statistical Remedies for Medical Researchers

Author : Peter F. Thall
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030437140
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Remedies for Medical Researchers by : Peter F. Thall

Download or read book Statistical Remedies for Medical Researchers written by Peter F. Thall and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates numerous statistical practices that are commonly used by medical researchers, but which have severe flaws that may not be obvious. For each example, it provides one or more alternative statistical methods that avoid misleading or incorrect inferences being made. The technical level is kept to a minimum to make the book accessible to non-statisticians. At the same time, since many of the examples describe methods used routinely by medical statisticians with formal statistical training, the book appeals to a broad readership in the medical research community.

How to Lie with Statistics

Author : Darrell Huff
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393070875
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Lie with Statistics by : Darrell Huff

Download or read book How to Lie with Statistics written by Darrell Huff and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you want to outsmart a crook, learn his tricks—Darrell Huff explains exactly how in the classic How to Lie with Statistics. From distorted graphs and biased samples to misleading averages, there are countless statistical dodges that lend cover to anyone with an ax to grind or a product to sell. With abundant examples and illustrations, Darrell Huff’s lively and engaging primer clarifies the basic principles of statistics and explains how they’re used to present information in honest and not-so-honest ways. Now even more indispensable in our data-driven world than it was when first published, How to Lie with Statistics is the book that generations of readers have relied on to keep from being fooled.

Statistical Inference

Author : Michael W. Oakes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Inference by : Michael W. Oakes

Download or read book Statistical Inference written by Michael W. Oakes and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Translating Statistics to Make Decisions

Author : Victoria Cox
Publisher : Apress
ISBN 13 : 1484222563
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (842 download)

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Book Synopsis Translating Statistics to Make Decisions by : Victoria Cox

Download or read book Translating Statistics to Make Decisions written by Victoria Cox and published by Apress. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine and solve the common misconceptions and fallacies that non-statisticians bring to their interpretation of statistical results. Explore the many pitfalls that non-statisticians—and also statisticians who present statistical reports to non-statisticians—must avoid if statistical results are to be correctly used for evidence-based business decision making. Victoria Cox, senior statistician at the United Kingdom’s Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), distills the lessons of her long experience presenting the actionable results of complex statistical studies to users of widely varying statistical sophistication across many disciplines: from scientists, engineers, analysts, and information technologists to executives, military personnel, project managers, and officials across UK government departments, industry, academia, and international partners. The author shows how faulty statistical reasoning often undermines the utility of statistical results even among those with advanced technical training. Translating Statistics teaches statistically naive readers enough about statistical questions, methods, models, assumptions, and statements that they will be able to extract the practical message from statistical reports and better constrain what conclusions cannot be made from the results. To non-statisticians with some statistical training, this book offers brush-ups, reminders, and tips for the proper use of statistics and solutions to common errors. To fellow statisticians, the author demonstrates how to present statistical output to non-statisticians to ensure that the statistical results are correctly understood and properly applied to real-world tasks and decisions. The book avoids algebra and proofs, but it does supply code written in R for those readers who are motivated to work out examples. Pointing along the way to instructive examples of statistics gone awry, Translating Statistics walks readers through the typical course of a statistical study, progressing from the experimental design stage through the data collection process, exploratory data analysis, descriptive statistics, uncertainty, hypothesis testing, statistical modelling and multivariate methods, to graphs suitable for final presentation. The steady focus throughout the book is on how to turn the mathematical artefacts and specialist jargon that are second nature to statisticians into plain English for corporate customers and stakeholders. The final chapter neatly summarizes the book’s lessons and insights for accurately communicating statistical reports to the non-statisticians who commission and act on them. What You'll Learn Recognize and avoid common errors and misconceptions that cause statistical studies to be misinterpreted and misused by non-statisticians in organizational settings Gain a practical understanding of the methods, processes, capabilities, and caveats of statistical studies to improve the application of statistical data to business decisions See how to code statistical solutions in R Who This Book Is For Non-statisticians—including both those with and without an introductory statistics course under their belts—who consume statistical reports in organizational settings, and statisticians who seek guidance for reporting statistical studies to non-statisticians in ways that will be accurately understood and will inform sound business and technical decisions