Sectarian Gulf

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Sectarian Gulf

Author : Toby Matthiesen
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804787220
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Gulf by : Toby Matthiesen

Download or read book Sectarian Gulf written by Toby Matthiesen and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As popular uprisings spread across the Middle East, popular wisdom often held that the Gulf States would remain beyond the fray. In Sectarian Gulf, Toby Matthiesen paints a very different picture, offering the first assessment of the Arab Spring across the region. With first-hand accounts of events in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait, Matthiesen tells the story of the early protests, and illuminates how the regimes quickly suppressed these movements. Pitting citizen against citizen, the regimes have warned of an increasing threat from the Shia population. Relations between the Gulf regimes and their Shia citizens have soured to levels as bad as 1979, following the Iranian revolution. Since the crackdown on protesters in Bahrain in mid-March 2011, the "Shia threat" has again become the catchall answer to demands for democratic reform and accountability. While this strategy has ensured regime survival in the short term, Matthiesen warns of the dire consequences this will have—for the social fabric of the Gulf States, for the rise of transnational Islamist networks, and for the future of the Middle East.

Sectarian Politics in the Gulf

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231536100
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Politics in the Gulf by : Frederic M. Wehrey

Download or read book Sectarian Politics in the Gulf written by Frederic M. Wehrey and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-17 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of Foreign Policy's Best Five Books of 2013, chosen by Marc Lynch of The Middle East Channel Beginning with the 2003 invasion of Iraq and concluding with the aftermath of the 2011 Arab uprisings, Frederic M. Wehrey investigates the roots of the Shi'a-Sunni divide now dominating the Persian Gulf's political landscape. Focusing on three Gulf states affected most by sectarian tensions—Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait—Wehrey identifies the factors that have exacerbated or tempered sectarianism, including domestic political institutions, the media, clerical establishments, and the contagion effect of external regional events, such as the Iraq war, the 2006 Lebanon conflict, the Arab uprisings, and Syria's civil war. In addition to his analysis, Wehrey builds a historical narrative of Shi'a activism in the Arab Gulf since 2003, linking regional events to the development of local Shi'a strategies and attitudes toward citizenship, political reform, and transnational identity. He finds that, while the Gulf Shi'a were inspired by their coreligionists in Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon, they ultimately pursued greater rights through a nonsectarian, nationalist approach. He also discovers that sectarianism in the region has largely been the product of the institutional weaknesses of Gulf states, leading to excessive alarm by entrenched Sunni elites and calculated attempts by regimes to discredit Shi'a political actors as proxies for Iran, Iraq, or Lebanese Hizballah. Wehrey conducts interviews with nearly every major Shi'a leader, opinion shaper, and activist in the Gulf Arab states, as well as prominent Sunni voices, and consults diverse Arabic-language sources.

Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf

Author : Lawrence G. Potter
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190237961
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf by : Lawrence G. Potter

Download or read book Sectarian Politics in the Persian Gulf written by Lawrence G. Potter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long a taboo topic, as well as one that has alarmed outside powers, sectarian conflict in the Middle East is on the rise. The contributors to this book examine sectarian politics in the Persian Gulf, including the GCC states, Yemen, Iran and Iraq, and consider the origins and con- sequences of sectarianism broadly construed, as it affects ethnic, tribal and religious groups. They also present a theoretical and comparative framework for understanding sectarianism, as well as country-specific chapters based on recent research in the area. Key issues that are scrutinised include the nature of sectarianism, how identity moves from a passive to an active state, and the mechanisms that trigger conflict. The strategies of governments such as rentier economies and the 'invention' of partisan national histories that encourage or manage sectarian differences are also highlighted, as is the role of outside powers in fostering sectarian strife. The volume also seeks to clarify whether movements such as the Islamic revival or the Arab Spring obscure the continued salience of religious and ethnic cleavages.

Transnational Shia Politics

Author : Laurence Louër
Publisher : Hurst Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1849042144
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis Transnational Shia Politics by : Laurence Louër

Download or read book Transnational Shia Politics written by Laurence Louër and published by Hurst Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illuminates the historical origins and present situation of militant Shia transnational networks by focusing on three key countries in the Gulf, Kuwait, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, whose Shia Islamic groups are the offspring of Iraqi movements. The reshaping of the area's geopolitics after the Gulf War and the fall of Saddam Hussein in April 2003 have had a profound impact on transnational Shiite networks, pushing them to focus on national issues in the context of new political opportunities. For example, from being fierce opponents of the Saudi monarchy, Saudi Shiite militants have tended to become upholders of the Al-Sa'ud dynasty.The question remains, however, how deeply in society have these new beliefs taken root? Can Shiites be Saudi or Bahraini patriots? Louer concludes her book by analysing the transformation of the Shia' movements' relation to central religious authority, the marja', who reside either in Iraq and Iran. This is all the more problematic when the marja' is also the head of a state, as with Ali Khamenei of Iran, who has many followers in Bahrain and Kuwait.

Gulf Security and the U.S. Military

Author : Geoffrey F. Gresh
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804795061
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Gulf Security and the U.S. Military by : Geoffrey F. Gresh

Download or read book Gulf Security and the U.S. Military written by Geoffrey F. Gresh and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-10 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. military maintains a significant presence across the Arabian Peninsula but it must now confront a new and emerging dynamic as most Gulf Cooperation Council countries have begun to diversify their political, economic, and security partnerships with countries other than the United States—with many turning to ascending powers such as China, Russia, and India. For Gulf Arab monarchies, the choice of security partner is made more complicated by increased domestic and regional instability stemming in part from Iraq, Syria, and a menacing Iran: factors that threaten to alter totally the Middle East security dynamic. Understanding the dynamics of base politicization in a Gulf host nation—or any other—is therefore vitally important for the U.S. today. Gulf National Security and the U.S. Military examines both Gulf Arab national security and U.S. military basing relations with Gulf Arab monarchy hosts from the Second World War to the present day. Three in-depth country cases—Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Oman—help explain the important questions posed by the author regarding when and why a host nation either terminated a U.S. military basing presence or granted U.S. military basing access. The analysis of the cases offers a fresh perspective on how the United States has adapted to sometimes rapidly shifting Middle East security dynamics and factors that influence a host nation's preference for eviction or renegotiation, based on its perception of internal versus external threats.

Beyond Sunni and Shia

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190876050
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Sunni and Shia by : Frederic M. Wehrey

Download or read book Beyond Sunni and Shia written by Frederic M. Wehrey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection seeks to advance our understanding of intra-Islamic identity conflict during a period of upheaval in the Middle East. Instead of treating distinctions between and within Sunni and Shia Islam as primordial and immutable, it examines how political economy, geopolitics, domestic governance, social media, non- and sub-state groups, and clerical elites have affected the transformation and diffusion of sectarian identities. Particular attention is paid to how conflicts over distribution of political and economic power have taken on a sectarian quality, and how a variety of actors have instrumentalized sectarianism. The volume, covering Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf, Iran, and Egypt, includes contributors from a broad array of disciplines including political science, history, sociology, and Islamic studies. Beyond Sunni and Shia draws on extensive fieldwork and primary sources to offer insights that are empirically rich and theoretically grounded, but also accessible for policy audiences and the informed public.

The Other Saudis

Author : Toby Matthiesen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107043042
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Other Saudis by : Toby Matthiesen

Download or read book The Other Saudis written by Toby Matthiesen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This accessible scholarly work traces the regional politics of the Shia in the Eastern Province of Sunni-dominated Saudi Arabia since the nineteenth century. The first book in English on the topic, it casts new light on the survival strategies and political mobilization of the Shia community as it confronts the repressive machinery of the Saudi regime.

Bahrain's Uprising

Author : Ala'a Shehabi
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1783604360
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis Bahrain's Uprising by : Ala'a Shehabi

Download or read book Bahrain's Uprising written by Ala'a Shehabi and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amid the extensive coverage of the Arab uprisings, the Gulf state of Bahrain has been almost forgotten. Fusing historical and contemporary analysis, Bahrain’s Uprising seeks to fill this gap, examining the ongoing protests and state repression that continues today. Drawing on powerful testimonies, interviews, and conversations from those involved, this broad collection of writings by scholars and activists provides a rarely heard voice of the lived experience of Bahrainis, describing the way in which a sophisticated society, defined by a historical struggle, continues to hamper the efforts of the ruling elite to rebrand itself as a liberal monarchy.

Histories of City and State in the Persian Gulf

Author : Nelida Fuccaro
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521514355
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis Histories of City and State in the Persian Gulf by : Nelida Fuccaro

Download or read book Histories of City and State in the Persian Gulf written by Nelida Fuccaro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the political and social life of the Gulf city and its coastline, as exemplified by Manama in Bahrain. Written as an ethnography of space, politics and community, it addresses the changing relationship between urban development, politics and society before and after the discovery of oil.

The New Sectarianism

Author : Geneive Abdo
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190233141
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Sectarianism by : Geneive Abdo

Download or read book The New Sectarianism written by Geneive Abdo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ensuing clash--between Islamism and Nationalism, Shi'a and Sunni, and other factions within these communities--

Faith in Numbers

Author : Michael Hoffman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197538037
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Faith in Numbers by : Michael Hoffman

Download or read book Faith in Numbers written by Michael Hoffman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does religion sometimes increase support for democracy and sometimes do just the opposite? In Faith in Numbers, political scientist Michael Hoffman presents a theory of religion, group interest, and democracy. Focusing on communal religion, he demonstrates that the effect of communal prayer on support for democracy depends on the interests of the religious group in question. For members of groups who would benefit from democracy, communal prayer increases support for democratic institutions; for citizens whose groups would lose privileges in the event of democratic reforms, the opposite effect is present. Using a variety of data sources, Hoffman illustrates these claims in multiple contexts. He places particular emphasis on his study of Lebanon and Iraq, two countries in which sectarian divisions have played a major role in political development, by utilizing both existing and original surveys. By examining religious and political preferences among both Muslims and non-Muslims in several religiously diverse settings, Faith in Numbers shows that theological explanations of religion and democracy are inadequate. Rather, it demonstrates that religious identities and sectarian interests play a major part in determining regime preferences and illustrates how Islam in particular can be mobilized for both pro- and anti-democratic purposes. It finds that Muslim religious practice is not necessarily anti-democratic; in fact, in a number of settings, practicing Muslims are considerably more supportive of democracy than their secular counterparts. Theological differences alone do not determine whether members of religious groups tend to support or oppose democracy; rather, their participation in communal worship motivates them to view democracy through a sectarian lens.

Contested Modernity

Author : Omar H. AlShehabi
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1786072920
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Contested Modernity by : Omar H. AlShehabi

Download or read book Contested Modernity written by Omar H. AlShehabi and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussions of the Arab world, particularly the Gulf States, increasingly focus on sectarianism and autocratic rule. These features are often attributed to the dominance of monarchs, Islamists, oil, and ‘ancient hatreds’. To understand their rise, however, one has to turn to a largely forgotten but decisive episode with far-reaching repercussions – Bahrain under British colonial rule in the early twentieth century. Drawing on a wealth of previously unexamined Arabic literature as well as British archives, Omar AlShehabi details how sectarianism emerged as a modern phenomenon in Bahrain. He shows how absolutist rule was born in the Gulf, under the tutelage of the British Raj, to counter nationalist and anti-colonial movements tied to the al-Nahda renaissance in the wider Arab world. A groundbreaking work, Contested Modernity challenges us to reconsider not only how we see the Gulf but the Middle East as a whole.

Iran's Rivalry with Saudi Arabia Between the Gulf Wars

Author : Henner Fürtig
Publisher : Garnet & Ithaca Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Iran's Rivalry with Saudi Arabia Between the Gulf Wars by : Henner Fürtig

Download or read book Iran's Rivalry with Saudi Arabia Between the Gulf Wars written by Henner Fürtig and published by Garnet & Ithaca Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With ongoing international dependence on the Gulf region for oil supplies, information about the roots of the bitter rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia has become increasingly important. This book examines the attitude of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from the early days of Iran's Islamic Revolution of 1979-80 until the Second Gulf War and its aftermath in the 1990s.

Understanding 'Sectarianism'

Author : Fanar Haddad
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197536107
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding 'Sectarianism' by : Fanar Haddad

Download or read book Understanding 'Sectarianism' written by Fanar Haddad and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-15 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sectarianism" is one of the most over-discussed yet under-analyzed concepts in debates about the Middle East. Despite the deluge of commentary, there is no agreement on what "sectarianism" is. Is it a social issue, one of dogmatic incompatibility, a historic one or one purely related to modern power politics? Is it something innately felt or politically imposed? Is it a product of modernity or its antithesis? Is it a function of the nation-state or its negation? This book seeks to move the study of modern sectarian dynamics beyond these analytically paralyzing dichotomies by shifting the focus away from the meaningless '-ism' towards the root: sectarian identity. How are Sunni and Shi'a identities imagined, experienced and negotiated and how do they relate to and interact with other identities? Looking at the modern history of the Arab world, Haddad seeks to understand sectarian identity not as a monochrome frame of identification but as a multi-layered concept that operates on several dimensions: religious, subnational, national and transnational. Far from a uniquely Middle Eastern, Arab, or Islamic phenomenon, a better understanding of sectarian identity reveals that the many facets of sectarian relations that are misleadingly labelled "sectarianism" are echoed in intergroup relations worldwide.

Sectarian Politics in the Gulf

Author : Frederic M. Wehrey
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231165129
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarian Politics in the Gulf by : Frederic M. Wehrey

Download or read book Sectarian Politics in the Gulf written by Frederic M. Wehrey and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-24 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with the 2003 invasion of Iraq and concluding with the Arab uprisings of 2011, Frederic Wehrey investigates the Shi’a-Sunni divide now dominating the Persian Gulf ’s political landscape. Focusing on three states affected most by sectarian tensions—Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait—Wehrey identifies the factors that have exacerbated or tempered sectarianism, including domestic political institutions, the media, clerical establishments, and the contagion effect of external events, such as the Iraq civil war and the Arab uprisings. In addition to his analysis, Wehrey builds a historical narrative of Shi’ a activism in the Arab Gulf since 2003, linking regional events to the development of local Shi’a strategies and attitudes toward citizenship, political reform, and transnational identity. He finds that, while the Gulf Shi’a were inspired by their coreligionists in Iraq, Iran, and Lebanon, they ultimately pursued greater rights through a non-sectarian, nationalist approach. He also discovers that sectarianism in the Gulf has largely been the product of the institutional weaknesses of Gulf states, leading to excessive alarm by entrenched Sunni elites and calculated attempts by regimes to discredit Shi’a political actors as proxies for Iran, Iraq, or Lebanese Hizballah. Wehrey conducts interviews with nearly every major Shi’a leader, opinion shaper, and activist in the Gulf Arab states, as well as prominent Sunni voices, and consults diverse Arabic-language sources.

Gulfization of the Arab World

Author : Marc Owen Jones
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783959940320
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Gulfization of the Arab World by : Marc Owen Jones

Download or read book Gulfization of the Arab World written by Marc Owen Jones and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From projecting ideology and influence, to maintaining a notion of 'Gulfness' through the selective exclusion or inclusion of certain beliefs, cultures and people, the notion of Gulfization is increasingly pertinent as Gulf countries occupy a greater political and economic role in wider Middle East politics. This volume discusses the notion of Gulfization, and examines how thoughts, ideologies, way of life and practises are transmitted, changed, and transduced inside and outside the Gulf. From historical perspectives such as the impact of the 1952 Egyptian Revolution in Yemen, to studies on the contemporary projection of Salafism or hyper-nationalism in the Gulf monarchies, this book explores, contends, and critiques the transnational and regional currents that are making, and unmaking, the new Gulf Moment. This volume is based on the 28th Gulf Conference held at the University of Exeter in 2016.

Sectarianism without Sects

Author : Azmi Bishara
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197650325
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Sectarianism without Sects by : Azmi Bishara

Download or read book Sectarianism without Sects written by Azmi Bishara and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyses the transformation of social sectarianism into political sectarianism across the Arab world. Using a framework of social theories and socio-historical analysis, the book distinguishes between ta'ifa, or 'sect', and modern ta'ifiyya, 'sectarianism', arguing that sectarianism itself produces 'imaginary sects'. It charts and explains the evolution of these phenomena and their development in Arab and Islamic history, as distinct from other concepts used to study religious groups within Western contexts. Bishara documents the role played by internal and external factors and rivalries among political elites in the formulation of sectarian identity, citing both historical and contemporary models. He contends that sectarianism does not derive from sect, but rather that sectarianism resurrects the sect in the collective consciousness and reproduces it as an imagined community under modern political and historical conditions. Sectarianism without Sects is a vital resource for engaging with the sectarian crisis in the Arab world. It provides a detailed historical background to the emergence of sect in the region, as well as a complex theoretical exploration of how social identities have assumed political significance in the struggle for power over the state.