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Science Meets Philosophy
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Book Synopsis Scientific Models in Philosophy of Science by : Daniela M. Bailer-Jones
Download or read book Scientific Models in Philosophy of Science written by Daniela M. Bailer-Jones and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2009-09-13 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists have used models for hundreds of years as a means of describing phenomena and as a basis for further analogy. In Scientific Models in Philosophy of Science, Daniela Bailer-Jones assembles an original and comprehensive philosophical analysis of how models have been used and interpreted in both historical and contemporary contexts. Bailer-Jones delineates the many forms models can take (ranging from equations to animals; from physical objects to theoretical constructs), and how they are put to use. She examines early mechanical models employed by nineteenth-century physicists such as Kelvin and Maxwell, describes their roots in the mathematical principles of Newton and others, and compares them to contemporary mechanistic approaches. Bailer-Jones then views the use of analogy in the late nineteenth century as a means of understanding models and to link different branches of science. She reveals how analogies can also be models themselves, or can help to create them. The first half of the twentieth century saw little mention of models in the literature of logical empiricism. Focusing primarily on theory, logical empiricists believed that models were of temporary importance, flawed, and awaiting correction. The later contesting of logical empiricism, particularly the hypothetico-deductive account of theories, by philosophers such as Mary Hesse, sparked a renewed interest in the importance of models during the 1950s that continues to this day. Bailer-Jones analyzes subsequent propositions of: models as metaphors; Kuhn's concept of a paradigm; the Semantic View of theories; and the case study approaches of Cartwright and Morrison, among others. She then engages current debates on topics such as phenomena versus data, the distinctions between models and theories, the concepts of representation and realism, and the discerning of falsities in models.
Book Synopsis Introduction to the Philosophy of Science by : Anthony O'Hear
Download or read book Introduction to the Philosophy of Science written by Anthony O'Hear and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1989 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a balanced and up-to-date introduction to the philosophy of science. It covers all the main topics in the area, as well as introducing the student to the moral and social reality of science. The author's style is free from jargon, and although he makes use of scientific examples, these should be intelligible to those without much scientific background. At the same time the questions he raises are not merely abstract, so the book will be of interest and concern to scientists as well as philosophers. The author discusses the growth of knowledge of science, the status of scientific theories and their relationship to observational data, the extent to which scientific theories rest on unprovable paradigms, and the nature of scientific explanations. In later chapters he considers probability, scientific reductionism, the relationship between science and technology, and the relationship between scientific and other values.
Book Synopsis Integrating History and Philosophy of Science by : Seymour Mauskopf
Download or read book Integrating History and Philosophy of Science written by Seymour Mauskopf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though the publication of Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions seemed to herald the advent of a unified study of the history and philosophy of science, it is a hard fact that history of science and philosophy of science have increasingly grown apart. Recently, however, there has been a series of workshops on both sides of the Atlantic (called '&HPS') intended to bring historians and philosophers of science together to discuss new integrative approaches. This is therefore an especially appropriate time to explore the problems with and prospects for integrating history and philosophy of science. The original essays in this volume, all from specialists in the history of science or philosophy of science, offer such an exploration from a wide variety of perspectives. The volume combines general reflections on the current state of history and philosophy of science with studies of the relation between the two disciplines in specific historical and scientific cases.
Book Synopsis A Science of Operations by : Mark Priestley
Download or read book A Science of Operations written by Mark Priestley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-14 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, computers fulfil a dazzling array of roles, a flexibility resulting from the great range of programs that can be run on them. A Science of Operations examines the history of what we now call programming, defined not simply as computer programming, but more broadly as the definition of the steps involved in computations and other information-processing activities. This unique perspective highlights how the history of programming is distinct from the history of the computer, despite the close relationship between the two in the 20th century. The book also discusses how the development of programming languages is related to disparate fields which attempted to give a mechanical account of language on the one hand, and a linguistic account of machines on the other. Topics and features: Covers the early development of automatic computing, including Babbage’s “mechanical calculating engines” and the applications of punched-card technology, examines the theoretical work of mathematical logicians such as Kleene, Church, Post and Turing, and the machines built by Zuse and Aiken in the 1930s and 1940s, discusses the role that logic played in the development of the stored program computer, describes the “standard model” of machine-code programming popularised by Maurice Wilkes, presents the complete table for the universal Turing machine in the Appendices, investigates the rise of the initiatives aimed at developing higher-level programming nota tions, and how these came to be thought of as ‘languages’ that could be studied independently of a machine, examines the importance of the Algol 60 language, and the framework it provided for studying the design of programming languages and the process of software development and explores the early development of object-oriented languages, with a focus on the Smalltalk project. This fascinating text offers a new viewpoint for historians of science and technology, as well as for the general reader. The historical narrative builds the story in a clear and logical fashion, roughly following chronological order.
Book Synopsis Philosophy, Science and Religion for Everyone by : Duncan Pritchard
Download or read book Philosophy, Science and Religion for Everyone written by Duncan Pritchard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy, Science and Religion for Everyone brings together these great truth-seeking disciplines, and seeks to understand the ways in which they challenge and inform each other. Key topics and their areas of focus include: • Foundational Issues – why should anyone care about the science-and-religion debate? How do scientific claims relate to the truth? Is evolution compatible with design? • Faith and Rationality – can faith ever be rational? Are theism and atheism totally opposed? Is God hidden or does God simply not exist? • Faith and Science - what provides a better explanation for the origin of the universe—science or religion? Faith and physics: can they be reconciled? Does contemporary neuroscience debunk religious belief? Creationism and evolutionary biology - what constitutes science and what constitutes pseudo-science? • Practical Implications – is fundamentalism just a problem for religious people? What are the ethical implications of the science-and-religion debate? Do logic and religion mix? This book is designed to be used in conjunction with the free ‘Philosophy, Science and Religion’ MOOC (massive open online course) created by the University of Edinburgh, and hosted by the Coursera platform (www.coursera.org). This book is also highly recommended for anyone looking for a concise overview of this fascinating discipline.
Book Synopsis Understanding Philosophy of Science by : James Ladyman
Download or read book Understanding Philosophy of Science written by James Ladyman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-06 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few can imagine a world without telephones or televisions; many depend on computers and the Internet as part of daily life. Without scientific theory, these developments would not have been possible. In this exceptionally clear and engaging introduction to philosophy of science, James Ladyman explores the philosophical questions that arise when we reflect on the nature of the scientific method and the knowledge it produces. He discusses whether fundamental philosophical questions about knowledge and reality might be answered by science, and considers in detail the debate between realists and antirealists about the extent of scientific knowledge. Along the way, central topics in philosophy of science, such as the demarcation of science from non-science, induction, confirmation and falsification, the relationship between theory and observation and relativism are all addressed. Important and complex current debates over underdetermination, inference to the best explaination and the implications of radical theory change are clarified and clearly explained for those new to the subject.
Book Synopsis Science and Philosophy in the West by : Jeffrey C. Leon
Download or read book Science and Philosophy in the West written by Jeffrey C. Leon and published by Pearson. This book was released on 1999 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of science and philosophy in Western thought through an historical presentation of primary selections covering the major developments in science and philosophy. Presents original scientific and philosophical thinking that demonstrates how the relationships and content in science and philosophy change and remain the same through history. Features a comprehensive selection of readings that present scientific and philosophical writings in the major disciplines from the beginning of Western philosophy to the twentieth century. The presentation is roughly historical organized by topics such as physics, chemistry, biology, metaphysics, epistemology, and methodology. Topics range from psychology and biology to the Òhard sciences.Ó An important reference for any medical or science professional as well as readers interested in scientific ethics.
Book Synopsis Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception by : Maurice Mandelbaum
Download or read book Philosophy, Science, and Sense Perception written by Maurice Mandelbaum and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1964. In four essays, Professor Mandelbaum challenges some of the most common assumptions of contemporary epistemology. Through historical analyses and critical argument, he attempts to show that one cannot successfully sever the connections between philosophic and scientific accounts of sense perception. While each essay is independent of the others, and the argument of each must therefore be judged on its own merits, one theme is common to all: that critical realism, as Mandelbaum calls it, is a viable epistemological position, even though some schools of thought hold it in low esteem.
Book Synopsis Belief Revision meets Philosophy of Science by : Erik J Olsson
Download or read book Belief Revision meets Philosophy of Science written by Erik J Olsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Belief revision theory and philosophy of science both aspire to shed light on the dynamics of knowledge – on how our view of the world changes (typically) in the light of new evidence. Yet these two areas of research have long seemed strangely detached from each other, as witnessed by the small number of cross-references and researchers working in both domains. One may speculate as to what has brought about this surprising, and perhaps unfortunate, state of affairs. One factor may be that while belief revision theory has traditionally been pursued in a bottom- up manner, focusing on the endeavors of single inquirers, philosophers of science, inspired by logical empiricism, have tended to be more interested in science as a multi-agent or agent-independent phenomenon.
Book Synopsis This is Philosophy of Science by : Franz-Peter Griesmaier
Download or read book This is Philosophy of Science written by Franz-Peter Griesmaier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-03-29 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A clear and engaging introduction to the philosophy of science, exploring the role of science within the broader framework of human knowledge and engagement with the world What are the central features and advantages of a scientific worldview? Why do even reasonable scientists sometimes disagree with each other? How are scientific methods different than those of other disciplines? Can science provide an objective account of reality? This is Philosophy of Science introduces the most important philosophical issues that arise within the empirical sciences. Requiring no previous background in philosophy, this reader-friendly volume covers topics ranging from traditional questions about the nature of explanation and the confirmation of theories to practical issues concerning the design of physical experiments and modeling. Incisive and accessible chapters with relevant case-studies and informative illustrations examine the function of thought experiments, discuss the realism/anti-realism debate, explore probability and theory testing, and address more challenging topics such as emergentism, measurement theory, and the manipulationist account of causation. Describes key philosophical concepts and their application in the empirical sciences Highlights past and present philosophical debates within the field Features numerous illustrations, real-world examples, and references to additional resources Includes a companion website with self-assessment exercises and instructor-only test banks Part of Wiley-Blackwell’s popular This Is Philosophy series, This is Philosophy of Science: An Introduction is an excellent textbook for STEM students with interest in the conceptual foundations of their disciplines, undergraduate philosophy majors, and general readers looking for an easy-to-read overview of the subject.
Book Synopsis A Companion to the Philosophy of Science by : W. H. Newton-Smith
Download or read book A Companion to the Philosophy of Science written by W. H. Newton-Smith and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2001-10-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmatched in the quality of its world-renowned contributors, this companion serves as both a course text and a reference book across the broad spectrum of issues of concern to the philosophy of science.
Download or read book Scientific Inquiry written by Robert Klee and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An anthology of contemporary and classical readings in the philosophy of science aimed at undergraduates in philosophy and science. Focuses on the main issues in philosophy of science: the structure of theories, models of scientific explanation, reductionism, the objectivity of science, and the proper interpretation of mature scientific theories.
Book Synopsis Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science by : E. D. Klemke
Download or read book Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science written by E. D. Klemke and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This popular reader has been vastly updated with ten stimulating new selections on the natural and the social sciences: feminism; postmodernism, relativism, and science; confirmation, acceptance, and theory; explanatory unification; and science and values. Retaining the best essays from the previous editions, the editors have added important new pieces to maintain this influential text's relevance.
Book Synopsis Frontiers of Science and Philosophy by : Robert G. Colodny
Download or read book Frontiers of Science and Philosophy written by Robert G. Colodny and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 1963-01-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Six essays by noted philosophers of science include the following topics: explanation in science and in history; philosophy and the scientific image of man; psychoanalysis and parapsychology; the conceptual basis of the biological sciences; the nature of time; and problems of microphysics.
Book Synopsis Readings in the Philosophy of Science by : Herbert Feigl
Download or read book Readings in the Philosophy of Science written by Herbert Feigl and published by New York : Appleton-Century-Crofts. This book was released on 1953 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science Meets Philosophy by : Hans Chr. Garmann Johnsen
Download or read book Science Meets Philosophy written by Hans Chr. Garmann Johnsen and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The book is an attempt to bring together what are often seen as incommensurable scientific and philosophical positions. Its core argument is that a main reason for the divisions about what constitutes scientific knowledge relates to disagreements on philosophical issues. The book explores what these disagreements are about, and to discuss whether they can be overcome. Taking a historical perspective, the book traces the divides in science back to three main philosophical traditions: realism, idealism, and scepticism. It maps how these have inspired three main current positions in science: logical empiricism, phenomenology, and sociology of scientific knowledge. The book is intended for a general audience concerned with today's debates on scientific knowledge and society. It will be useful for students and researchers studying philosophy of science, sociology of scientific knowledge, realism, phenomenology, positivism, logical empiricism, analytical philosophy, and sustainable scientific knowledge"--
Book Synopsis Karl Popper's Science and Philosophy by : Zuzana Parusniková
Download or read book Karl Popper's Science and Philosophy written by Zuzana Parusniková and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-07-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all philosophers of the 20th century, few built more bridges between academic disciplines than Karl Popper. He contributed to a wide variety of fields in addition to the epistemology and the theory of scientific method for which he is best known. This book illustrates and evaluates the impact, both substantive and methodological, that Popper has had in the natural and mathematical sciences. The topics selected include quantum mechanics, evolutionary biology, cosmology, mathematical logic, statistics, and cognitive science. The approach is multidisciplinary, opening a dialogue across scientific disciplines and between scientists and philosophers.
