School Resources The Achievement Gap And The Law

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School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law

Author : David J. Armor
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1003835805
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law by : David J. Armor

Download or read book School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law written by David J. Armor and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a novel and up-to-date exploration of the common belief that increasing conventional school resources will increase academic achievement and help close gaps between various advantaged and disadvantaged students. Taking the scholarship around this question, such as James S. Coleman’s 1965 report on the Equality of Educational Opportunity, as a starting point, it brings in an extensive range of contemporary data sources and statistical analysis to offer an updated, robust, and considered review of the issue. Moving beyond these empirical questions, it also explores how these empirical findings have been utilized in “education adequacy” litigation, discussing the evolving law of adequacy cases, while explaining the challenges of introducing complex data and analyses within a litigation framework. Judges typically have little experience with the complexity of modern education data and the analyses required to draw sound inferences. It will thus be of interest to scholars, researchers, and faculty and jurists with expertise or interest in education policy, the economics and sociology of education, and public policy.

School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law

Author : David J. Armor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781032505756
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law by : David J. Armor

Download or read book School Resources, the Achievement Gap, and the Law written by David J. Armor and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers a novel and up-to-date exploration of the common belief that increasing conventional school resources will increase academic achievement and help close gaps between various advantaged and disadvantaged students. Taking the scholarship around this question, such as James S. Coleman's 1965 report on the Equality of Educational Opportunity, as a starting point, it brings in an extensive range of contemporary data sources and statistical analysis to offer an updated, robust and considered review of the issue. Moving beyond these empirical questions, it also explores how these empirical findings have been utilized in "education adequacy" litigation, discussing the evolving law of adequacy cases, while explaining the challenges of introducing complex data and analyses within a litigation framework. Judges typically have little experience with the complexity of modern education data and the analyses required to draw sound inferences. It will thus be of interest to scholars, researchers, and faculty with expertise in education policy, the economics and sociology of education, and public policy"--

The Black-White Test Score Gap

Author : Christopher Jencks
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815746119
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (461 download)

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Book Synopsis The Black-White Test Score Gap by : Christopher Jencks

Download or read book The Black-White Test Score Gap written by Christopher Jencks and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The test score gap between blacks and whites--on vocabulary, reading, and math tests, as well as on tests that claim to measure scholastic aptitude and intelligence--is large enough to have far-reaching social and economic consequences. In their introduction to this book, Christopher Jencks and Meredith Phillips argue that eliminating the disparity would dramatically reduce economic and educational inequality between blacks and whites. Indeed, they think that closing the gap would do more to promote racial equality than any other strategy now under serious discussion. The book offers a comprehensive look at the factors that contribute to the test score gap and discusses options for substantially reducing it. Although significant attempts have been made over the past three decades to shrink the test score gap, including increased funding for predominantly black schools, desegregation of southern schools, and programs to alleviate poverty, the median black American still scores below 75 percent of American whites on most standardized tests. The book brings together recent evidence on some of the most controversial and puzzling aspects of the test score debate, including the role of test bias, heredity, and family background. It also looks at how and why the gap has changed over the past generation, reviews the educational, psychological, and cultural explanations for the gap, and analyzes its educational and economic consequences. The authors demonstrate that traditional explanations account for only a small part of the black-white test score gap. They argue that this is partly because traditional explanations have put too much emphasis on racial disparities in economic resources, both in homes and in schools, and on demographic factors like family structure. They say that successful theories will put more emphasis on psychological and cultural factors, such as the way black and white parents teach their children to deal with things they do not know or understand, and the way black and white children respond to the same classroom experiences. Finally, they call for large-scale experiments to determine the effects of schools' racial mix, class size, ability grouping, and other policies. In addition to the editors, the contributors include Claude Steele, Ronald Ferguson, William G. Bowen, Philip Cook, and William Julius Wilson.

Minorities in Higher Education

Author : Manuel J. Justiz
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Minorities in Higher Education by : Manuel J. Justiz

Download or read book Minorities in Higher Education written by Manuel J. Justiz and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1994-08 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains 22 essays which aim to provide analysis, insight and information on such topics as: minority grants and fellowships; equity in higher education; financial aid strategies for improving minority student participation; and minorities and the new technologies.

No Child Left Behind and the Reduction of the Achievement Gap

Author : Alan R. Sadovnik
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113591687X
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis No Child Left Behind and the Reduction of the Achievement Gap by : Alan R. Sadovnik

Download or read book No Child Left Behind and the Reduction of the Achievement Gap written by Alan R. Sadovnik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monumental collection presents the first-ever sociological analysis of the No Child Left Behind Act and its effects on children, teachers, parents, and schools. More importantly, these leading sociologists consider whether NLCB can or will accomplish its major goal: to eliminate the achievement gap by 2014. Based on theoretical and empirical research, the essays examine the history of federal educational policy and place NCLB in a larger sociological and historical context. Taking up a number of policy areas affected by the law—including accountability and assessment, curriculum and instruction, teacher quality, parental involvement, school choice and urban education—this book examines the effects of NCLB on different groups of students and schools and the ways in which school organization and structure affect achievement. No Child Left Behind concludes with a discussion of the important contributions of sociological research and sociological analysis integral to understanding the limits and possibilities of the law to reduce the achievement gap.

Standards-Based Reform and the Poverty Gap

Author : Adam Gamoran
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815730349
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Standards-Based Reform and the Poverty Gap by : Adam Gamoran

Download or read book Standards-Based Reform and the Poverty Gap written by Adam Gamoran and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2008-04-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is the latest in more than two decades of federal efforts to raise educational standards and an even longer stream of initiatives to improve education for poor children. What lessons can we draw from these earlier efforts to help NCLB achieve its goals? In Standards-Based Reform and the Poverty Gap, leading scholars in sociology, economics, psychology, and education policy take on this critical question. Armed with the latest data and up-to-date research syntheses, the authors show that standards-based reform has had some positive effects, particularly in the area of teacher quality. Moreover, some of the critics' greatest fears have not been realized: for example, retention rates have not shot upward. Yet the overall pace of improvement has been slow, owing in part to poor implementation. Based on these findings, the contributors offer recommendations for the implementation and impending reauthorization of NCLB. These proposals, such as national testing and a rethinking of achievement targets, are sure to be at the center of the upcoming debate. Contributors include Thomas Dee, Laura Desimone, George Farkas, Barbara Foorman, Brian Jacob, Robert M. Hauser, Paul Hill, Tom Loveless, Meredith Phillips, Andrew C. Porter, and Thomas Smith.

Changing Policies to Close the Achievement Gap

Author : Cynthia D. Prince
Publisher : R&L Education
ISBN 13 : 9781578861200
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing Policies to Close the Achievement Gap by : Cynthia D. Prince

Download or read book Changing Policies to Close the Achievement Gap written by Cynthia D. Prince and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2004 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closing the academic achievement gap is one of the most complex challenges that school system leaders face. Closing the gap became even more urgent with the enactment of the No Child Left Behind Act. For the first time, the federal government has set a deadline for closing the gap, requiring schools to bring all students to proficient levels of academic performance in twelve years. How much of the achievement gap can be attributed to what school districts themselves may be doing? What factors and conditions impede progress toward closing the achievement gap? And what can superintendents do to narrow as much of the gap as they can? These questions led to the development of this guide. In Changing Policies to Close the Achievement Gap Cynthia Prince identifies state and local policies that tend to make the achievement gap worse and describes policy changes that superintendents have made with the support of their boards to help narrow the gap. She also examines policies that aggravate the inequitable distribution of quality teachers and principals, that restrict student access to challenging coursework, and that reduce academic instruction time. Prince argues that closing the gap will require serious efforts to change these policies and other conditions that impede the ability of school districts to bring all students to high levels of performance.

Closing the Opportunity Gap

Author : Prudence L. Carter
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199983003
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Closing the Opportunity Gap by : Prudence L. Carter

Download or read book Closing the Opportunity Gap written by Prudence L. Carter and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the achievement gap has dominated policy discussions over the past two decades, relatively little attention has been paid to a gap even more at odds with American ideals: the opportunity gap. Opportunity and achievement, while inextricably connected, are very different goals. Every American will not go to college, but every American should be given a fair chance to be prepared for college. In communities across the U.S., children lack the crucial resources and opportunities, inside and outside of schools that they need if they are to reach their potential. Closing the Opportunity Gap offers accessible, research-based essays written by top experts who highlight the discrepancies that exist in our public schools, focusing on how policy decisions and life circumstances conspire to create the "opportunity gap" that leads inexorably to stark achievement gaps. They also describe sensible policies grounded in evidence that can restore and enhance opportunities. Moving beyond conventional academic discourse, Closing the Opportunity Gap will spark vital new conversations about what schools, parents, educators, and policymakers can and should do to give all children a fair chance to thrive.

Equality of Educational Opportunity

Author : James S. Coleman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 754 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Equality of Educational Opportunity by : James S. Coleman

Download or read book Equality of Educational Opportunity written by James S. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Academic Profiling

Author : Gilda L. Ochoa
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 1452940134
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (529 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Profiling by : Gilda L. Ochoa

Download or read book Academic Profiling written by Gilda L. Ochoa and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today the achievement gap is hotly debated among pundits, politicians, and educators. In particular this conversation often focuses on the two fastest-growing demographic groups in the United States: Asian Americans and Latinos. In Academic Profiling, Gilda L. Ochoa addresses this so-called gap by going directly to the source. At one California public high school where the controversy is lived every day, Ochoa turns to the students, teachers, and parents to learn about the very real disparities—in opportunity, status, treatment, and assumptions—that lead to more than just gaps in achievement. In candid and at times heart-wrenching detail, the students tell stories of encouragement and neglect on their paths to graduation. Separated by unequal middle schools and curriculum tracking, they are divided by race, class, and gender. While those channeled into an International Baccalaureate Program boast about Socratic classes and stress-release sessions, students left out of such programs commonly describe uninspired teaching and inaccessible counseling. Students unequally labeled encounter differential policing and assumptions based on their abilities—disparities compounded by the growth in the private tutoring industry that favors the already economically privileged. Despite the entrenched inequality in today’s schools, Academic Profiling finds hope in the many ways students and teachers are affirming identities, creating alternative spaces, and fostering critical consciousness. When Ochoa shares the results of her research with the high school, we see the new possibilities—and limits—of change.

Too Many Children Left Behind

Author : Bruce Bradbury
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448480
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Too Many Children Left Behind by : Bruce Bradbury

Download or read book Too Many Children Left Behind written by Bruce Bradbury and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2015-06-30 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The belief that with hard work and determination, all children have the opportunity to succeed in life is a cherished part of the American Dream. Yet, increased inequality in America has made that dream more difficult for many to obtain. In Too Many Children Left Behind, an international team of social scientists assesses how social mobility varies in the United States compared with Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Bruce Bradbury, Miles Corak, Jane Waldfogel, and Elizabeth Washbrook show that the academic achievement gap between disadvantaged American children and their more advantaged peers is far greater than in other wealthy countries, with serious consequences for their future life outcomes. With education the key to expanding opportunities for those born into low socioeconomic status families, Too Many Children Left Behind helps us better understand educational disparities and how to reduce them. Analyzing data on 8,000 school children in the United States, the authors demonstrate that disadvantages that begin early in life have long lasting effects on academic performance. The social inequalities that children experience before they start school contribute to a large gap in test scores between low- and high-SES students later in life. Many children from low-SES backgrounds lack critical resources, including books, high-quality child care, and other goods and services that foster the stimulating environment necessary for cognitive development. The authors find that not only is a child’s academic success deeply tied to his or her family background, but that this class-based achievement gap does not narrow as the child proceeds through school. The authors compare test score gaps from the United States with those from three other countries and find smaller achievement gaps and greater social mobility in all three, particularly in Canada. The wider availability of public resources for disadvantaged children in those countries facilitates the early child development that is fundamental for academic success. All three countries provide stronger social services than the United States, including universal health insurance, universal preschool, paid parental leave, and other supports. The authors conclude that the United States could narrow its achievement gap by adopting public policies that expand support for children in the form of tax credits, parenting programs, and pre-K. With economic inequalities limiting the futures of millions of children, Too Many Children Left Behind is a timely study that uses global evidence to show how the United States can do more to level the playing field.

Education and the Legal System

Author : Susan D. Looney
Publisher : Prentice Hall
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Education and the Legal System by : Susan D. Looney

Download or read book Education and the Legal System written by Susan D. Looney and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2004 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a complete yet accessible guide to the laws that most often affect policies and procedures in educational institutions. A conversational, reader-friendly tone pervades the book; its practical, case-study approach makes the discussion of key legal issues and examples of landmark cases easy for the reader to understand. Its focus is the practice of "preventive law," allowing readers to recognize legal issues and challenges when they occur. Up-to-date cases involving subjects and situations that readers can easily relate to (school violence, inclusion, sexual harrassment, and other topical subjects) along with information about how to "brief" cases, help users quickly learn and disseminate often complex material. A full chapter on " parents' rights," unique to this book, ensures that readers understand the legal position of parents in the educational arena; a comprehensive appendix, "Resources for Administrators," familiarizes them with legislation that is pertinent to education. Coverage includes: torts and school liability, religion in schools, students with disabilities, students' rights, discipline, teachers' rights, and equal coverage under the law. "The" comprehensive resource for teachers, administrators, parents, and guardians, this book serves as an excellent desk reference for anyone involved or interested in the legal aspects of effective education.

The Essentials of Special Education Law

Author : Andrew M. Markelz
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538150042
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essentials of Special Education Law by : Andrew M. Markelz

Download or read book The Essentials of Special Education Law written by Andrew M. Markelz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-07-12 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essentials of Special Education Law distills the legal complexities of special education into a practical resource for preparation programs as well as professionals in the field. Written and organized with college students and practicing educators in mind, this book serves as a go-to guide to the historical underpinnings of special education, the six pillars of the Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), essential court cases that have propelled the field of special education to where it is today, and practical application tips to ensure legal compliance. With 45 years of combined special education legal experience, authors Andrew Markelz and David Bateman present the essential components of special education law like never before.

Closing the Educational Achievement Gap for Students With Learning Disabilities

Author : Nyemba, Florence
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668487381
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Closing the Educational Achievement Gap for Students With Learning Disabilities by : Nyemba, Florence

Download or read book Closing the Educational Achievement Gap for Students With Learning Disabilities written by Nyemba, Florence and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-10-04 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, there has been a growing demand for diversity and inclusion in schools worldwide to ensure effective learning for every student. Efforts have been made to support teachers in promoting diversity in classrooms, but research shows that students with learning disabilities (LD), including autism spectrum disorder, neurodevelopmental disabilities, dyslexia, and executive dysfunction, still struggle to keep up despite having individualized education programs (IEPs). These students are not receiving the necessary support they need to learn effectively in the classroom, leaving them behind and often completely unprepared for their futures. When intersectional statistics are taken into account, students who have a learning disability and are among minority ethnic groups have even lower rates of earning a diploma than their counterparts. Changes in the educational system must be made to close this learning chasm and create a more equitable learning environment. Closing the Educational Achievement Gap for Students With Learning Disabilities increases awareness of the issue of inequalities in education for students with learning disabilities through improved training programs for teachers, recommendations for policy changes, and development of new strategies to close the gap between these students and their classmates. The goal of this book is to educate and empower educators, researchers, and policymakers on how they can help students with learning disabilities thrive academically and emotionally. It examines the barriers that prevent teachers from effectively providing instruction to these students. This book covers topics such as achievement gaps, student-centered approaches, and culturally responsive teaching and is ideal for educators, professionals, researchers, special education professionals, speech and occupational therapists, disability service providers, intervention strategists, psychologists, parents, and local communities.

Resources in Education

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 760 pages
Book Rating : 4.U/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Resources in Education by :

Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Kids Don't Want to Fail

Author : Angel L. Harris
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674264347
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Kids Don't Want to Fail by : Angel L. Harris

Download or read book Kids Don't Want to Fail written by Angel L. Harris and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-13 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the causes of the racial achievement gap in American education—and then addressing it with effective programs—is one of the most urgent problems communities and educators face. For many years, the most popular explanation for the achievement gap has been the “oppositional culture theory”: the idea that black students underperform in secondary schools because of a group culture that devalues learning and sees academic effort as “acting white.” Despite lack of evidence for this belief, classroom teachers accept it, with predictable self-fulfilling results. In a careful quantitative assessment of the oppositional culture hypothesis, Angel L. Harris tested its empirical implications systematically and broadened his analysis to include data from British schools. From every conceivable angle of examination, the oppositional culture theory fell flat. Despite achieving less in school, black students value schooling more than their white counterparts do. Black kids perform badly in high school not because they don’t want to succeed but because they enter without the necessary skills. Harris finds that the achievement gap starts to open up in preadolescence—when cumulating socioeconomic and health disadvantages inhibit skills development and when students start to feel the impact of lowered teacher expectations. Kids Don’t Want to Fail is must reading for teachers, academics, policy makers, and anyone interested in understanding the intersection of race and education.

First Things First!

Author : Ruby Takanishi
Publisher : Teachers College Press
ISBN 13 : 0807774081
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis First Things First! by : Ruby Takanishi

Download or read book First Things First! written by Ruby Takanishi and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging policymakers, educators, reformers, and citizens to replace piecemeal reforms with fundamental redesign, First Things First! calls for a different way of organizing the American primary school. Ruby Takanishi outlines a new framework for integrating early education with primary education (pre-K–5), including both short- and long-term strategies, that starts with 3- and 4-year-olds. Featuring portraits of primary schools that have successfully integrated pre–K, the book includes resources on dual-language learners, dual-generation family engagement, effective philanthropy, rethinking advocacy, and more. The book centers on four basic questions: Why should the United States design a new primary school as children’s first, widely shared educational experience? How can the educators of the new primary school use new knowledge about how children learn to improve their practice? What will it take to create a new primary school that educates all children well? How can the design of the new primary school reflect demographic, social, linguistic, and cultural changes and adapt to the requirements of a global economy? First Things First! reframes the basic structure of traditional primary education, challenging us to get the early years of a 21st-century public education system off to a new and stronger start. “The vision of a new primary school model in this book should be studied by all workers in the fields of education, human development, and social policy. The scholarship in this book is impeccable and the arguments advanced by this leading scholar are most convincing. Further, the book is beautifully written.” —Edward Zigler, Sterling Professor of Psychology Emeritus, Yale University “Takanishi makes a compelling case that enabling all American children to achieve their potential requires both expansion of high-quality preschool and fundamental changes in how our public elementary schools serve young students.” —Sara Mead, Bellwether Education Partners “Dr. Takanishi has laid out a vision and approach to schooling that is comprehensive, forward-looking, and versed in strong evidence. This is must-reading for educators, leaders, policymakers, and researchers.” —Arthur Reynolds, University of Minnesota