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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513595512
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Congo written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-10-05 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic and oil price shocks have taken a deep toll on the Congolese economy, weighing on incomes and inequality. Debt sustainability challenges precluded Fund financial assistance during the pandemic, and the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement, approved in 2019, expired in April 2021 without having completed the first review. Recently, debt sustainability has been restored owing to the authorities’ debt restructuring strategy and current and projected higher oil prices. However, the risk of debt distress remains high given liquidity risks and vulnerabilities to negative oil price shocks. The authorities are actively negotiating the resolution of pending external arrears. Until this process is concluded and the negotiations with two external creditors are finalized, debt is classified as being “in distress.”
Author : International Monetary Fund European Dept
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo written by International Monetary Fund European Dept and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic and oil price shocks have taken a deep toll on the Congolese economy, weighing on incomes and inequality. Debt sustainability challenges precluded Fund financial assistance during the pandemic, and the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) arrangement, approved in 2019, expired in April 2021 without having completed the first review. Recently, debt sustainability has been restored owing to the authorities' debt restructuring strategy and current and projected higher oil prices. However, the risk of debt distress remains high given liquidity risks and vulnerabilities to negative oil price shocks. The authorities are actively negotiating the resolution of pending external arrears. Until this process is concluded and the negotiations with two external creditors are finalized, debt is classified as being 'in distress.'
Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Democratic Republic of the Congo written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable macroeconomic gains were achieved in 2021: the economic rebound was stronger than envisaged, driven by the non-extractive sector; CPI inflation declined to 5.3 percent year-on-year, accompanied by a stable exchange rate as the central bank stopped providing financing to the government; and an improved external position supported reserves accumulation. The 2021 fiscal outturn was also better-than-projected although domestic arrears accumulated. Despite excess liquidity, the banking sector faces vulnerabilities. The war in Ukraine is pushing up the cost of living and rising the fiscal costs associated with the fuel subsidy. Despite this and deteriorating global economic prospects, the outlook remains favorable and provides opportunities to consolidate macro stability and scale up structural reforms, though significant downside risks remain, and severe fragility persists.
Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 151358779X
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Guinea: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Guinea written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-06 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the non-mining sector was severely impacted by the COVID-19 crisis, overall growth in Guinea remains strong, reaching 7 percent in 2020, driven by booming mining production. Inflation exceeded 12 percent as a result of COVID-related supply disruptions and the ongoing monetary and fiscal response. The already weak social indicators have deteriorated further.
Author : Diego Mesa Puyo
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Key Challenges Faced by Fossil Fuel Exporters During the Energy Transition written by Diego Mesa Puyo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-03-27 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global energy transition is affecting fossil fuel exporters from multiple angles. It is adding to longstanding uncertainties on relative movements of fossil fuel demand and supply—which impact fossil fuel-related exports, fiscal flows, investment and subsequently external and fiscal accounts, economic growth, and employment. While policymakers are very familiar with these challenges, they now also face expectations of a permanent decline in the long-run global demand for fossil fuels. Key factors that could determine country-level impacts include (i) the type of fossil fuel a country exports (ii) extraction costs and (iii) country characteristics. The monitoring and mitigation of fiscal risks will need to be stepped up. Fiscal policy also has a role in reducing domestic emissions, encouraging adoption of low-carbon technologies, and helping those most vulnerable to changes from the transition. Broader macroeconomic risks can be reduced by accelerating ongoing structural reforms that support alternative engines of growth. Low- or zero-carbon emission energy industries could offer new avenues that build on existing fossil fuel knowledge and infrastructure. Concurrently, improved financial regulation and supervision could reduce financial sector exposures. Finally, international coordination on the design and implementation of climate policy as well as international transfer schemes (financing and capacity development) could reduce uncertainties surrounding the transition path and associated adverse economic consequences.
Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513590065
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Ghana: 2021 Article IV Consultation-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Ghana written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-23 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ghana has been hit hard by the pandemic. The government’s proactive response helped contain the spread of COVID-19, protecting lives and limiting the impact on economic activity. However, partly because of the pandemic, the fiscal position worsened considerably last year, with a sharp increase in public sector debt.
Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 151357048X
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Vietnam written by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful containment of COVID-19 and strong policy support have helped contain the health and economic fallout, and a strong recovery is underway. Growth in 2020 reached 2.9 percent, among the highest in the world. However, labor market conditions remain weak. Corporate balance sheets have worsened, potentially hampering private investment and job prospects. Banks entered the crisis in a stronger position than in previous years, but weaknesses remain. Vietnam’s economy remains heavily reliant on external trade and is vulnerable to trade tensions.
Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513527975
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-01-27 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2019 Article IV Consultation with Congo discusses that the economic situation remains difficult, however, there are some initial signs of stability, and non-oil growth could turn positive for the first time since 2015. The political environment is stable, though there is discontent with government policies due in part to the authorities’ limited engagement with the private sector and civil society. In the near term, the expansion of oil production explains most of the projected recovery in growth. However, peak oil production will be reached in 2020 rather than 2019 as initially expected. Non-oil growth is expected to pick up gradually as the government starts implementing its arrears clearance strategy, which could have a positive impact on business confidence and credit growth. The report recommends pursuing fiscal consolidation efforts and concludes the debt restructuring process for external commercial debt to restore fiscal sustainability. It is imperative to continue to implement measures to improve governance and tackle corruption, including through the adoption of operational decrees for the High Authority on Corruption and the Commission on Transparency.
Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781513544847
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (448 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264332731
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)
Download or read book Strengthening Pandemic Preparedness and Response Through Integrated Modelling written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2024-05-07 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide proposes four initiatives and associated activities that can be adapted to context to enhance the production and use of integrated modelling before, during and after an epidemic or pandemic.
Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513590634
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Democratic Republic of the Congo written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2015 Article IV Consultation highlights that the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s macroeconomic performance remained strong through the first half of 2015 despite a difficult external and domestic environment. Real GDP growth in 2014 is estimated at 9.2 percent, driven by copper production and the service sector. The medium-term outlook is favorable but subject to downside risks. Real GDP growth is projected to remain strong at 9.2 percent in 2015—among the highest rates in the world—and average 8.4 percent in 2016–17 before stabilizing at about 6 percent in 2018–20.
Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Central African Economic and Monetary Community written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CEMAC is broadly benefiting from the positive terms of trade shock amidst the fallout from Russia’s war in Ukraine. Post-pandemic economic recovery is taking hold, albeit slowly, supported by high oil prices and the lifting of COVID-19 containment measures. External reserves have started to build up, though still short of the desired level, owing in part to costly untargeted energy and food subsidies. Global inflation pressures have passed through to domestic prices, putting pressure on real incomes. Rebuilding buffers and sustaining a recovery that protects the most vulnerable will require stricter adherence to budget and reform plans consistent with Fund-supported programs and policy advice; this will ensure that part of the oil windfall is saved. Implementation of these policies in current favorable conditions is critical to strengthening resilience in the face of rising risks, including most notably to food security, debt vulnerabilities, and tightening of global financial conditions.
Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1616359285
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (163 download)
Download or read book Rwanda: 2021 Article IV Consultation and Fifth Review Under the Policy Coordination Instrument-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Rwanda written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rwanda’s medium-term outlook is positive, supported by the authorities’ large policy package to respond to the evolving COVID-19 pandemic and their continued commitment to the PCI in a challenging environment. Economic recovery is underway with easing of restrictions supported by faster vaccination rates since July. GDP growth is projected at 10.2 percent in 2021 and inflation remained subdued. But Rwanda’s remarkable economic and social progress over the last two decades faces a significant setback, with poverty, unemployment, and gender inequalities on the rise. These pandemic scars, if not addressed, risk reversing hard-won economic and social gains. With a large share of the population still unvaccinated and the emergence of new variants, risks to the outlook remain elevated.
Author : International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513567136
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) written by International Monetary Fund. African Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economic shock associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is set to have long-lasting effects on the economic outlook for CEMAC. The pandemic itself seems to be now broadly under control in the region, and the policy response from national and regional authorities, supported by significant emergency financing by the Fund, helped mitigate the initial economic fallout. With lower medium-term oil prices, the outlook projects that CEMAC’s fiscal and external adjustments will be slower than previously envisaged, entailing large external financing needs (around €6.6 billion for 2021–23). Gross international reserves will now reach the equivalent of 5 months of imports by 2025 vs. 2022 pre-pandemic, while net foreign assets (NFA) will be below previous expectations. Public debt would remain at elevated levels, albeit on a declining trend after the increase in 2020. This outlook is highly uncertain and contingent on the evolution of the pandemic and its impact on oil prices. Other significant risks include: delayed implementation of the ongoing or a second phase of new Fund-supported programs, difficulties in filling large external financing needs, and a deterioration in the security situation.
Author : International Monetary
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Uganda: 2021 Article IV Consultation and First Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement and Requests for Modifications of Performance Criteria-Press Release; Staff Report; and Statement by the Executive Director for Uganda written by International Monetary and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authorities have reacted to the COVID-19 crisis in an appropriate manner, including through increased spending on health and a rollout of the vaccination program. Nevertheless, the deterioration of socio-economic indicators during the pandemic could create scars that would significantly lower growth if left unaddressed.
Author : Menachem Katz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (253 download)
Download or read book Republic of Congo written by Menachem Katz and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
