Recent Insights Into Perceptual And Motor Skill Learning The Computational And Neural Processes Underlying Perceptual And Motor Skill Learning

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Recent insights into perceptual and motor skill learning (The computational and neural processes underlying perceptual and motor skill learning)

Author : Lior Shmuelof
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194469
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Recent insights into perceptual and motor skill learning (The computational and neural processes underlying perceptual and motor skill learning) by : Lior Shmuelof

Download or read book Recent insights into perceptual and motor skill learning (The computational and neural processes underlying perceptual and motor skill learning) written by Lior Shmuelof and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improvements in task performance following practice can occur as a result of changes in distinct cognitive and neural processes. In some cases, we can improve our performance by selecting a more successful behavior that is already part of our available repertoire. Skill learning, on the other hand, refers to a slower process that results in improving the ability to perform a behavior, i.e., it involves the acquisition of a behavior that was not available to the controller before training. Skill learning can take place both in the sensory and in the motor domains. Sensory skill acquisition in perceptual learning tasks is measured by improvements in sensory acuity through practice-induced changes in the sensitivity of relevant neural networks. Motor skill is harder to define as the term is used whenever a motor learning behavior improves along some dimension. Nevertheless, we have recently argued that as in perceptual learning, acuity is an integral component in motor skill learning. In this special topic we set out to integrate experimental and theoretical work on perceptual and motor skill learning and to stimulate a discussion regarding the similarities and differences between these two kinds of learning.

Filling-In

Author : Luiz Pessoa
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190286210
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Filling-In by : Luiz Pessoa

Download or read book Filling-In written by Luiz Pessoa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-02-27 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best example of filling-in involves the blind spot, a region of the retina devoid of photoreceptors. Remarkably, the region of visual space corresponding to the blind spot is not perceived as a dark region in space, but instead as having the same color and texture as the surrounding background; hence the expression "filling in." While this type of perceptual completion phenomenon is common in the visual domain, it is argued by the leading scientists who contribute to this book that forms of filling-in also take place in other sensory modalities, including the auditory, somatosensory, and motor systems. In a concluding chapter an integrative approach is taken, which attempts to provide a common framework for completion phenomena occurring on a fast time scale, and cortical reorganization in sensory and motor cortex induced by peripheral damage or skill learning taking place on a slower time scale. It is proposed that systematic changes in the interplay between inhibitory and excitatory inputs permit cortical neurons to become driven by new sources of input, which, in addition to initial perceptual consequences can lead to a long-term structural reorganization of cortex. This book represents a truly interdisciplinary approach to neuroscience, with chapters covering computational modeling, visual psychophysics, functional brain imaging, single-cell physiology, and clinical patient cases. It will be of interest to researchers and graduate students in systems neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, vision science, neuroimaging, perceptual psychology, computational neuroscience, and philosophy of mind.

Neural Implementations of Expertise

Author : Merim Bilalić
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889196887
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Implementations of Expertise by : Merim Bilalić

Download or read book Neural Implementations of Expertise written by Merim Bilalić and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-12-18 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we think about expertise, we usually consider people who master tasks at a level not reachable by most other people. Although we rarely realise it, however, most humans are experts in many aspects of everyday life. This expertise enables us to find our way through a complex environment that is our life. For instance, we can instantly recognise multiple objects and relations between them to form a meaningful unit, such as an office. Thus, research on expertise is not only important to investigate the cognitive and neural processes within an “elite” group, but it is also a powerful tool to understand how everyone can acquire complex skills. The goal of this Research Topic is to shed further light on the common and distinct neural mechanisms that implement various kinds of expertise. We broadly define expertise as skill in any perceptual, cognitive, social or motor domain, with the common core being optimised information processing due to knowledge acquired from repeated experiences. Thus, we are interested in the full range of mental processes modulated or modified by expertise, from “simple” object or pattern recognition to complex decision making or problem solving in a particular domain. These domains can range from everyday or occupational expertise to sports and rather artificial domains such as board games. In all cases, the aim should be to elucidate how the brain implements these sometimes incredible feats. We are particularly interested in connecting cognitive theories about expertise and expertise-related performance differences with models and data on the neural implementation of expertise. We welcome original research contributions using the full range of behavioural neuroscience methods, as well as theoretical, methodological or historical reviews, and opinion papers focusing on any of the above-mentioned aspects.

Contemporary Management of Motor Control Problems

Author :
Publisher : Foundation for Physical Therapy, Incorporated
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Management of Motor Control Problems by :

Download or read book Contemporary Management of Motor Control Problems written by and published by Foundation for Physical Therapy, Incorporated. This book was released on 1991 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128165111
Total Pages : 1919 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 1919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Infant and Early Childhood Development, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive entry point into the existing literature on child development in the fields of psychology, genetics, neuroscience and sociology. Featuring 171 chapters, across 3 volumes, this work helps readers understand these developmental changes, when they occur, why they occur, how they occur, and the factors that influence development. Although some medical information is included, the emphasis lies mainly in normal growth, primarily from a psychological perspective. Comprehensive and in-depth scholarly articles cover theoretical, applied and basic science topics, providing an interdisciplinary approach. All articles have been completely updated, making this resource ideal for a wide range of readers, including advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers and clinicians in developmental psychology, medicine, nursing, social science and early childhood education. Cutting-edge content that cover the period of neonates to age three Organized alphabetically by topic for ease of reference Provides in-depth scholarly articles, covering theoretical, applied and basic science Includes suggested readings at the end of each article

The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention

Author : Joseph B. Hopfinger
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000204855
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention by : Joseph B. Hopfinger

Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention written by Joseph B. Hopfinger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention refers to our ability to selectively process the vast array of stimuli impinging upon our senses at every moment. The mental processes of attention are critical for allowing us to maintain focus and complete tasks efficiently, even within distracting environments. The brain mechanisms of attention have been studied for decades, yet much still remains unknown, and consensus on core issues remains elusive. A unique aspect of this book are chapters that highlight recent debates on critical issues in attention research. Each of these chapters includes a comprehensive discussion paper that is followed by peer commentaries and an authors' responses. These debates include whether attention can modulate activity of even the earliest cortical processing region and whether changes in white matter are critical for plasticity-related effects of attention training. In addition to these discussion chapters, the book presents cutting-edge research on some of the newest theories of attentional control and selective attention, including the influence of practice, epigenetics, reward, social interaction, and distractor suppression. These studies employ advanced cognitive neuroscience methods such as neurostimulation, functional neuroimaging pattern analysis, and the evaluation of oscillatory brain activity to shed light on the brain mechanisms underlying attention. The chapters in this book were originally published as articles in various issues of the journal Cognitive Neuroscience.

Artificial Life IV

Author : Rodney Allen Brooks
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262521901
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (219 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Life IV by : Rodney Allen Brooks

Download or read book Artificial Life IV written by Rodney Allen Brooks and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together contributions to the Fourth Artificial Life Workshop, held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the summer of 1994.

The Psychophysiology of Action

Author : Sven Hoffmann
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889630110
Total Pages : 157 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychophysiology of Action by : Sven Hoffmann

Download or read book The Psychophysiology of Action written by Sven Hoffmann and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-23 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Smart Cities, Green Technologies and Intelligent Transport Systems

Author : Markus Helfert
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030680282
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Cities, Green Technologies and Intelligent Transport Systems by : Markus Helfert

Download or read book Smart Cities, Green Technologies and Intelligent Transport Systems written by Markus Helfert and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes extended and revised selected papers from the 8th International Conference on Smart Cities and Green ICT Systems, SMARTGREENS 2019, and the 5th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems, VEHITS 2019, held in Heraklion, Crete, Greece, in May 2019. The 17 full papers presented during SMARTGREENS and VEHITS 2019 were carefully reviewed and selected from the 134 submissions. The papers present research on advances and applications in the fiels of smart cities, green information and communication technologies, sustainability, energy aware systems and technologies, vehicle technology and intelligent transport systems.

Modularity in Motor Control: From Muscle Synergies to Cognitive Action Representation

Author : Andrea d'Avella
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889198057
Total Pages : 794 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Modularity in Motor Control: From Muscle Synergies to Cognitive Action Representation by : Andrea d'Avella

Download or read book Modularity in Motor Control: From Muscle Synergies to Cognitive Action Representation written by Andrea d'Avella and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mastering a rich repertoire of motor behaviors, as humans and other animals do, is a surprising and still poorly understood outcome of evolution, development, and learning. Many degrees-of-freedom, non-linear dynamics, and sensory delays provide formidable challenges for controlling even simple actions. Modularity as a functional element, both structural and computational, of a control architecture might be the key organizational principle that the central nervous system employs for achieving versatility and adaptability in motor control. Recent investigations of muscle synergies, motor primitives, compositionality, basic action concepts, and related work in machine learning have contributed to advance, at different levels, our understanding of the modular architecture underlying rich motor behaviors. However, the existence and nature of the modules in the control architecture is far from settled. For instance, regularity and low-dimensionality in the motor output are often taken as an indication of modularity but could they simply be a byproduct of optimization and task constraints? Moreover, what are the relationships between modules at different levels, such as muscle synergies, kinematic invariants, and basic action concepts? One important reason for the new interest in understanding modularity in motor control from different viewpoints is the impressive development in cognitive robotics. In comparison to animals and humans, the motor skills of today’s best robots are limited and inflexible. However, robot technology is maturing to the point at which it can start approximating a reasonable spectrum of isolated perceptual, cognitive, and motor capabilities. These advances allow researchers to explore how these motor, sensory and cognitive functions might be integrated into meaningful architectures and to test their functional limits. Such systems provide a new test bed to explore different concepts of modularity and to address the interaction between motor and cognitive processes experimentally. Thus, the goal of this Research Topic is to review, compare, and debate theoretical and experimental investigations of the modular organization of the motor control system at different levels. By bringing together researchers seeking to understand the building blocks for coordinating many muscles, for planning endpoint and joint trajectories, and for representing motor and behavioral actions in memory we aim at promoting new interactions between often disconnected research areas and approaches and at providing a broad perspective on the idea of modularity in motor control. We welcome original research, methodological, theoretical, review, and perspective contributions from behavioral, system, and computational motor neuroscience research, cognitive psychology, and cognitive robotics.

Information Processing in Motor Skills

Author : Ronald G. Marteniuk
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780030060915
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Processing in Motor Skills by : Ronald G. Marteniuk

Download or read book Information Processing in Motor Skills written by Ronald G. Marteniuk and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

What can we make of theories of embodiment and the role of the human mirror neuron system?

Author : Analia Arevalo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889197611
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis What can we make of theories of embodiment and the role of the human mirror neuron system? by : Analia Arevalo

Download or read book What can we make of theories of embodiment and the role of the human mirror neuron system? written by Analia Arevalo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, work surrounding theories of embodiment and the role of the putative mirror neuron system (MNS) in humans has gained considerable attention. If humans have developed a network of neurons that fire in response to other beings’ actions, as has been shown in macaques, this system could have vast implications for all kinds of cognitive processes unique to humans, such as language, learning, empathy and communication in general. The goal of tapping into and understanding such a system is a fascinating yet challenging one. One form of embodiment -- embodied linguistics -- suggests that the way we process linguistic information is linked to our physical experience of the concept conveyed by each word. The interaction between these cognitive systems (i.e., language and motor processing) may occur thanks to the firing of neurons making up the MNS. The possible interdependence between different cognitive systems has implications for healthy as well as pathological profiles, and in fact, work in recent years has also explored the role of ‘embodiment’ and/or the MNS in clinical populations such as stroke, Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Autism, among others. Research on embodiment and/or the MNS has been approached with a number of different methodologies, but the results obtained with these different methodologies have not been entirely consistent, generating doubts regarding the theories. The question has been raised as to what this line of inquiry can gain from the types of evidence contributed by functional neuroimaging methods carried out with healthy volunteers versus behavioral or lesion-symptom mapping methods employed with neurologically-compromised individuals. Of particular interest are the clinical applications of this line of research. If indeed a system exists which reflects a tight link between, for example, the human language and motor systems, then the obvious challenge is to tap into this system to create useful therapies that can provide rehabilitation where damage has occurred. This Research Topic brought together work conducted with healthy and patient populations using several behavioral and imaging techniques, as well as insightful commentaries and opinion pieces. We believe the combined work of the participating authors is an important contribution to this intriguing line of research and an excellent point of reference for future work.

Referent control of action and perception

Author : Anatol G. Feldman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493927361
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Referent control of action and perception by : Anatol G. Feldman

Download or read book Referent control of action and perception written by Anatol G. Feldman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical data on neural control of motor action and perception have not yet been put into the context of a coherent theory. Dr. Feldman's goal for the proposed book is to illustrate that the field is now at a stage where the data can be used to formulate some core principles that underlie action and perception and to present the foundation of a scientific theory of motor control. Dr. Feldman is a well-known expert and has been active in the field for a long time. In the proposed book he will outline an approach to the analysis of action and perception that he and his colleagues have been using for the past 50 years or so. His theoretical approach will not only help to explain past empirical research, but should also help to inform and provide a structure for future empirical studies.

Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning

Author : George E. Stelmach
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483268527
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning by : George E. Stelmach

Download or read book Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning written by George E. Stelmach and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information Processing in Motor Control and Learning provides the theoretical ideas and experimental findings in the field of motor behavior research. The text presents a balanced combination of theory and empirical data. Chapters discuss several theoretical issues surrounding skill acquisition; motor programming; and the nature and significance of preparation, rapid movement sequences, attentional demands, and sensorimotor integration in voluntary movements. The book will be interesting to psychologists, neurophysiologists, and graduate students in related fields.

Cumulated Index Medicus

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1880 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Cumulated Index Medicus by :

Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dynamics of Skill Acquisition

Author : Keith Davids
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780736036863
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynamics of Skill Acquisition by : Keith Davids

Download or read book Dynamics of Skill Acquisition written by Keith Davids and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors outline the development of a comprehensive model of motor control that has a multidisciplinary framework to capture the different interlocking scales of analysis involved in producing behaviour.

How People Learn

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309131979
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn by : National Research Council

Download or read book How People Learn written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methods--to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain. How existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn. What the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach. The amazing learning potential of infants. The relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace. Learning needs and opportunities for teachers. A realistic look at the role of technology in education.