Predicting School Readiness Using Motor Skill Proficiency Of At Risk Preschoolers

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Predicting School Readiness Using Motor Skill Proficiency of At-Risk Preschoolers

Author : Amanda Taek Soon Tepfer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Predicting School Readiness Using Motor Skill Proficiency of At-Risk Preschoolers by : Amanda Taek Soon Tepfer

Download or read book Predicting School Readiness Using Motor Skill Proficiency of At-Risk Preschoolers written by Amanda Taek Soon Tepfer and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Early childhood is filled with incredible growth in all areas of development and offers a critical period for optimal learning (Lerner, 2002). During this critical period both motor skills (Bouffard, Watkinson, Thompson, Causgrove Dunn, & Romanow, 1996; Clark & Metcalfe, 2002; Lubans, Morgan, Cliff, Barnett, & Okely, 2010; Stodden et al., 2008), as well as self-regulation skills develop (Blair, 2002). Recent empirical research suggests active play, during early childhood, may help establish healthy behaviors and play a role in early childhood development through improving cognitive, social, and emotional health (Ginsburg, 2007). Previous research indicates success in the classroom requires strong self-regulation skills, such as attention, memory, and inhibitory control (Blair, 2002). Yet, the role of motor skills amidst other developmental indicators of school readiness is not well documented. Thus, the purpose of this project was to examine the relationship between motor skills and aspects of school readiness in young children between the ages of 3-5 years from at-risk populations. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study included a sample of 162 children with at least one biological (e.g. disability) or environmental (e.g. low-income) risk factor, per parent report, from two geographical areas in the US. Individual assessments of gross and fine motor skills, behavioral self-regulation, early literacy, and early math skills were used to examine associations between motor skills and early indicators of school readiness. Results: Results of hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that preschool gross and fine motor skills significantly predicted indicators of school readiness, specifically behavioral self-regulation and early academic achievement. Further analysis indicated fine motor skills predicted school readiness over gross motor skills, even after controlling for age (in months) and site. Conclusion: This study found positive relations, with specific aspects of fine motor skills and early indicators of school readiness. These findings have implications for school readiness initiatives focused on improving early developmental trajectories for preschool aged children from at-risk populations.

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

Strengthening School Readiness for Children at Risk

Author : Sara Anne Schmitt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening School Readiness for Children at Risk by : Sara Anne Schmitt

Download or read book Strengthening School Readiness for Children at Risk written by Sara Anne Schmitt and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, self-regulation has emerged as a foundational skill for academic success and well-being. Unfortunately, many children enter kindergarten without the self-regulation skills necessary to succeed. Children from high-risk backgrounds (e.g., low-income) are particularly vulnerable for difficulties in self-regulation development. Given these documented gaps in self-regulation, it has become critical to first identify children at risk for poor self-regulation and then work to improve these critical skills prior to school entry. This dissertation includes two studies that focus on strengthening self-regulation and school readiness for children at risk. The first study addressed measurement inconsistencies in the field by investigating the predictive utility among teacher-rated, observed, and directly assessed self-regulation skills to academic achievement in preschoolers. Results indicated significant, positive relationships for teacher-rated and directly assessed self-regulation for early math and literacy skills. Domain specific patterns emerged in our measurement comparisons in that teacher ratings were the strongest predictors of literacy, and the direct assessment was the strongest predictor of math. Observed behavioral self-regulation was not significantly related to either academic domain. Study 2 examined if children who participated in an 8-week intervention demonstrated greater gains in self-regulation and academic achievement over the preschool year compared to children in a control group. In addition, indirect intervention effects on achievement outcomes through self-regulation were explored. Finally, differential intervention effects for English language learners within a sample of children from low-income families were tested. Results indicated that children in the intervention group demonstrated greater gains in self-regulation over the preschool year compared to the control group. In addition, although there were no significant direct effects of the intervention on academic skills in the full sample, significant indirect intervention effects emerged on spring achievement through self-regulation. Finally, group comparisons revealed that the intervention was related to significant gains in math for children who were English language learners. Taken together, findings from the studies in this dissertation inform our understanding of self-regulation measurement and intervention, which is critical for helping children at risk for poor school readiness.

The multiple benefits of motor competence skills in early childhood

Author : Kesha N. Hudson
Publisher : RTI Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The multiple benefits of motor competence skills in early childhood by : Kesha N. Hudson

Download or read book The multiple benefits of motor competence skills in early childhood written by Kesha N. Hudson and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2021-08-29 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent findings from the Kids Activity and Learning Study complement North Carolina’s multidimensional approach to promoting school readiness by emphasizing the integrated nature of motor and cognitive development in early childhood. Children whose motor skills improved the most over the course of an academic year also tended to demonstrate the biggest gains in executive function and numeracy skills. Children who participated in adaptive, group-based motor skill activities demonstrated gains in motor competence, executive function, and numeracy skills. Incorporating motor activities into established classroom practices has the potential to facilitate multiple aspects of children’s development and promote school readiness. The brief includes specific recommendations for early childhood educators.

Promoting School Readiness and Early Learning

Author : Michel Boivin
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462511570
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Promoting School Readiness and Early Learning by : Michel Boivin

Download or read book Promoting School Readiness and Early Learning written by Michel Boivin and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in cutting-edge developmental research, this book examines what school readiness entails and how it can be improved. Compelling longitudinal findings are presented on the benefits of early intervention for preschoolers at risk due to poverty and other factors. The volume identifies the cognitive, language, behavioral, motor, and socioemotional skills that enable young children to function successfully in school contexts. It explores specific ways in which school- and family-based interventions--including programs that target reading and language, math, self-regulation, and social-emotional development--can contribute to school readiness. The book also addresses challenges in the large-scale dissemination of evidence-based practices.

Predicting School Readiness: Executive Functions, Problem Behaviors and Theory of Mind in Preschoolers

Author : Shira Kolnik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (668 download)

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Book Synopsis Predicting School Readiness: Executive Functions, Problem Behaviors and Theory of Mind in Preschoolers by : Shira Kolnik

Download or read book Predicting School Readiness: Executive Functions, Problem Behaviors and Theory of Mind in Preschoolers written by Shira Kolnik and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive functions (EFs), specifically a child's ability to shift between two stimuli and a child's ability to inhibit a prepotent response, are a child's self-regulatory cognitive processes used towards achieving a goal (Garon, Bryson, & Smith, 2008) and have been found to predict later school readiness (e.g. Blair & Diamond, 2008; McClelland et al., 2007; Pennington & Ozonoff, 1996). The current study examined possible mechanisms, such as problem behaviors and theory of mind (ToM), through which executive functions predict later cognitive and social school readiness. Problem behaviors occur when children are not effectively functioning in social situations, while ToM is a social-cognitive skill that allows a child to understand another person's mental processes (Wellman, 2002). These variables have been found to relate to one another in predicting preschool children's competence in numerous domains (see Carlson, Mandell, & Williams, 2004; Hughes, 1998b). Little research has been done on how these variables may mediate the relation between EFs and cognitive and social school readiness. This short-term longitudinal study assessed the unique contributions of ToM and problem behaviors to cognitive and social school readiness. Problem behaviors mediated the relation between EF, specifically inhibition, and social school readiness. Both teacher reports and direct assessment of EF revealed that EF, and specifically shifting, were direct predictors of later cognitive school readiness. However, ToM did not mediate any of the relations between EF and either social or cognitive school readiness. These results have several implications for education, including intervening with a child's ability to inhibit in order to improve problem behaviors and later social school readiness, as well as improving children's ability to mentally and behaviorally shift between sets of information in order to improve cognitive school readiness.

School Readiness and the Transition to Kindergarten in the Era of Accountability

Author : Robert C. Pianta
Publisher : Brookes Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis School Readiness and the Transition to Kindergarten in the Era of Accountability by : Robert C. Pianta

Download or read book School Readiness and the Transition to Kindergarten in the Era of Accountability written by Robert C. Pianta and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2007 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 30 highly respected experts contribute cutting-edge information to give readers a comprehensive look at early education and kindergarten transition.;;

Best Practice Approaches to the Study of Cognitive Functioning and Physical Activity/Sports

Author : Antonio Hernández-Mendo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889638928
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Best Practice Approaches to the Study of Cognitive Functioning and Physical Activity/Sports by : Antonio Hernández-Mendo

Download or read book Best Practice Approaches to the Study of Cognitive Functioning and Physical Activity/Sports written by Antonio Hernández-Mendo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-29 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Children in Action Motor Program for Preschoolers (Champps)

Author : Paddy C. Favazza
Publisher : Brookes Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781681254258
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (542 download)

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Book Synopsis Children in Action Motor Program for Preschoolers (Champps) by : Paddy C. Favazza

Download or read book Children in Action Motor Program for Preschoolers (Champps) written by Paddy C. Favazza and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-11 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "CHAMPPS is a self-contained preschool motor skills program designed to support physical activity levels and skill development in young children. It comprises seven units: 1) Foundational Motor Skills; 2) Walking and Running; 3) Balance, Hopping, and Jumping; 4) Catching; 5) Throwing; 6) Striking; and 7) Kicking. Each unit includes suggested UDL supports, Home Activities, and suggestions for supporting school readiness in language, math, science, motor skills, social-emotional learning, and approaches to learning. The curriculum can be completed in 30 minutes/day, 2-3 days per week over 21-28 weeks; scheduling flexibility is built in"--

Towards a Psychophysiological Approach in Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sports

Author : Pedro Forte
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832524001
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards a Psychophysiological Approach in Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sports by : Pedro Forte

Download or read book Towards a Psychophysiological Approach in Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sports written by Pedro Forte and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-30 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in mental health disorders as a result of mediatic coverage of Olympic athletes’ mental health struggles, and also due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns. These phenomena helped to further exacerbate a problem already extensively present in sport and society. Therefore, applying a psychophysiological approach to physical activity, exercise, and sports research has become very popular. Indeed, mental fatigue and mental disorders are not only psychological in origin, but also require an explanation from a psychophysiological perspective due to the effective interconnection between the psychological and physiological dimensions. Psychological variables can also influence performance and the psychophysiological system has a strong effect on the control of physical capacities. Moreover, pacing behaviour, decision-making, self-regulation, and effort perception can also explain the role of the brain in physical activity and exercise management. Thus, the aim of this Research Topic is to share the impact of a psychophysiological approach in physical activity, exercise and sports.

Relations Between Motor, Social, and Cognitive Skills in Young Children with Developmental Disabilities

Author : Helyn Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Relations Between Motor, Social, and Cognitive Skills in Young Children with Developmental Disabilities by : Helyn Kim

Download or read book Relations Between Motor, Social, and Cognitive Skills in Young Children with Developmental Disabilities written by Helyn Kim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of children's motor abilities, in relation to other developmental areas, has been acknowledged in both theory and research. However, researchers have typically focused on gross motor abilities in relation to cognitive and social abilities, and associations between fine motor, cognitive, and social abilities have received little research attention. In addition, very few studies have looked at the potential interrelations between motor, social, and cognitive abilities in preschool-aged children with developmental disabilities. The current study examined three areas of development, motor (both fine and gross motor), social, and cognitive skills, in preschool-aged children with developmental disabilities, to see whether there were associations between the three areas. The data for the study come from the Miami School Readiness Project (MSRP), a large-scale, collaborative, school readiness project, taking place in Miami-Dade County, Florida. Participants were children receiving early childhood special education services (N = 3,191), who were assessed for overall development and socio-emotional protective factors in the Fall and Spring of their pre-kindergarten year, using the LAP-D and the DECA. Results indicated that there were definite associations between motor, cognitive, and social skills. Also, both fine motor and gross motor skills in the Fall of the pre-kindergarten year significantly predicted later cognitive and social skills, measured in the Spring of the pre-kindergarten year, after controlling for child gender, age, and disability type; however, associations were stronger for fine motor skills, as opposed to gross motor skills, for both cognitive and social skills. In addition, disability category moderated the associations between motor and social and cognitive skills; however, gender was not a moderator, suggesting that the underlying associations between the three areas are similar for both boys and girls. The findings from this study have important implications for early educational programs and interventions, as well as for policymakers.

The Multiple Benefits of Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood

Author : Kesha Hudson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis The Multiple Benefits of Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood by : Kesha Hudson

Download or read book The Multiple Benefits of Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood written by Kesha Hudson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent findings from the Kids Activity and Learning Study complement North Carolina's multidimensional approach to promoting school readiness by emphasizing the integrated nature of motor and cognitive development in early childhood. Children whose motor skills improved the most over the course of an academic year also tended to demonstrate the biggest gains in executive function and numeracy skills. Children who participated in adaptive, group-based motor skill activities demonstrated gains in motor competence, executive function, and numeracy skills. Incorporating motor activities into established classroom practices has the potential to facilitate multiple aspects of children's development and promote school readiness. The brief includes specific recommendations for early childhood educators.

Motor Skills and Their Foundational Role for Perceptual, Social, and Cognitive Development

Author : Klaus Libertus
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889451593
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Motor Skills and Their Foundational Role for Perceptual, Social, and Cognitive Development by : Klaus Libertus

Download or read book Motor Skills and Their Foundational Role for Perceptual, Social, and Cognitive Development written by Klaus Libertus and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motor skills are a vital part of healthy development and are featured prominently both in physical examinations and in parents’ baby diaries. It has been known for a long time that motor development is critical for children’s understanding of the physical and social world. Learning occurs through dynamic interactions and exchanges with the physical and the social world, and consequently movements of eyes and head, arms and legs, and the entire body are a critical during learning. At birth, we start with relatively poorly developed motor skills but soon gain eye and head control, learn to reach, grasp, sit, and eventually to crawl and walk on our own. The opportunities arising from each of these motor milestones are profound and open new and exciting possibilities for exploration and interactions, and learning. Consequently, several theoretical accounts of child development suggest that growth in cognitive, social, and perceptual domains are influences by infants’ own motor experiences. Recently, empirical studies have started to unravel the direct impact that motor skills may have other domains of development. This volume is part of this renewed interest and includes reviews of previous findings and recent empirical evidence for associations between the motor domain and other domains from leading researchers in the field of child development. We hope that these articles will stimulate further research on this interesting question.

Building Academic Success on Social and Emotional Learning

Author : Joseph E. Zins
Publisher : Teachers College Press
ISBN 13 : 9780807744390
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Building Academic Success on Social and Emotional Learning by : Joseph E. Zins

Download or read book Building Academic Success on Social and Emotional Learning written by Joseph E. Zins and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2004-04-15 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this groundbreaking book, nationally recognized leaders in education and psychology examine the relationships between social-emotional education and school success—specifically focusing on interventions that enhance student learning. Offering scientific evidence and practical examples, this volume points out the many benefits of social emotional learning programs, including: building skills linked to cognitive development, encouraging student focus and motivation, improving relationships between students and teachers, creating school-family partnerships to help students achieve, and increasing student confidence and success.

Achievement Gaps

Author : Alan Vanneman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Achievement Gaps by : Alan Vanneman

Download or read book Achievement Gaps written by Alan Vanneman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematics and reading scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) have increased among students attending elementary and secondary schools since the first time the assessment was administered. These score increases have been observed both for Black and White students; statistically significant score differences between the two racial/ethnic groups have also been observed. This statistical analysis report, "Achievement Gaps: How Black and White Students in Public Schools Perform in Mathematics and Reading on the National Assessment of Educational Progress," examines achievement gaps between Black and White public-school students at both the national and state levels. The report uses data from two assessment programs--main NAEP and Long-Term Trend (LTT) NAEP. While both programs assess reading and mathematics, they are different in three major respects: (1) main NAEP assesses performance of students in 4th- and 8th-grades, while LTT NAEP assesses performance of students ages 9 and 13; (2) main NAEP reports results for both the national and state levels, while LTT NAEP reports results for the national level only; (3) main NAEP was first administered in the 1990s, while LTT NAEP was first administered in the 1970s. The report uses results from all assessment years including the 2007 main NAEP and the 2004 LTT NAEP. All results are for public school students. The percentages of Black and White students in individual states vary by state. Some states' trends could not be reported because there were not enough Black or White students in the sample to have reportable results. This report is organized as follows. Following an introduction, the remainder of this report presents first mathematics and then reading results. In each section, long-term trend results are presented first, giving national results only for public school students ages 9 and 13. These are followed by both national and state results for public school fourth- and eighth-graders from main NAEP. National data from main NAEP are also presented by (1) gender; and (2) eligibility categories for the National School Lunch Program. The last section consists of two appendixes that contain relevant technical notes and supplemental tables. (Contains 12 footnotes, 11 tables, and 24 figures.) [This report was prepared under a project of the NAEP Education Statistics Services Institute (NAEP-ESSI) of the American Institutes for Research (AIR) in support of the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES). For the report highlights, see ED505902.].

Reconsidering Children's Early Development and Learning

Author : United States. National Education Goals Panel. Goal 1 Technical Planning Group
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Reconsidering Children's Early Development and Learning by : United States. National Education Goals Panel. Goal 1 Technical Planning Group

Download or read book Reconsidering Children's Early Development and Learning written by United States. National Education Goals Panel. Goal 1 Technical Planning Group and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1990, the National Education Goals were established by the President and the 50 state governors. Great attention has been given to Goal 1, dubbed the "readiness" goal: By the year 2000, all children in America will start school ready to learn. The Goal 1 Resource Technical Planning Groups were asked to suggest ways in which Goal 1 could be measured. The purpose of this document is to further amplify the dimensions of early learning and development used by the National Educational Goals Panel to measure progress toward Goal 1. The following five dimensions are discussed: (1) "Physical Well-Being and Motor Development"; (2) "Social and Emotional Development," serving as the foundation for relationships which give meaning to school experience; (3) "Approaches toward Learning," referring to the inclinations, dispositions, or styles that reflect ways children become involved with learning; (4) "Language Development"; and (5) "Cognition and General Knowledge." For each of the dimensions, a rationale; general definition; the relationship to individual, cultural, and contextual variation; and a summary are given. The report concludes with a discussion of underlying issues, implications, and action steps. (Contains 83 references.) (BGC)

Eager to Learn

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309068363
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Eager to Learn by : National Research Council

Download or read book Eager to Learn written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-22 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clearly babies come into the world remarkably receptive to its wonders. Their alertness to sights, sounds, and even abstract concepts makes them inquisitive explorersâ€"and learnersâ€"every waking minute. Well before formal schooling begins, children's early experiences lay the foundations for their later social behavior, emotional regulation, and literacy. Yet, for a variety of reasons, far too little attention is given to the quality of these crucial years. Outmoded theories, outdated facts, and undersized budgets all play a part in the uneven quality of early childhood programs throughout our country. What will it take to provide better early education and care for our children between the ages of two and five? Eager to Learn explores this crucial question, synthesizing the newest research findings on how young children learn and the impact of early learning. Key discoveries in how young children learn are reviewed in language accessible to parents as well as educators: findings about the interplay of biology and environment, variations in learning among individuals and children from different social and economic groups, and the importance of health, safety, nutrition and interpersonal warmth to early learning. Perhaps most significant, the book documents how very early in life learning really begins. Valuable conclusions and recommendations are presented in the areas of the teacher-child relationship, the organization and content of curriculum, meeting the needs of those children most at risk of school failure, teacher preparation, assessment of teaching and learning, and more. The book discusses: Evidence for competing theories, models, and approaches in the field and a hard look at some day-to-day practices and activities generally used in preschool. The role of the teacher, the importance of peer interactions, and other relationships in the child's life. Learning needs of minority children, children with disabilities, and other special groups. Approaches to assessing young children's learning for the purposes of policy decisions, diagnosis of educational difficulties, and instructional planning. Preparation and continuing development of teachers. Eager to Learn presents a comprehensive, coherent picture of early childhood learning, along with a clear path toward improving this important stage of life for all children.