Potassium Channels In Health And Disease

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Potassium Channels in Health and Disease

Author : Hiroaki Kume
Publisher : Nova Biomedical Books
ISBN 13 : 9781536129274
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (292 download)

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Book Synopsis Potassium Channels in Health and Disease by : Hiroaki Kume

Download or read book Potassium Channels in Health and Disease written by Hiroaki Kume and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potassium ion (K+) channels are ubiquitous components and are widely distributed on the surface of the cell membrane in various tissues. There are many types of potassium ion channels (voltage-gated K+ channels, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, Ca2+-activated K+ channels, etc.), and each type of potassium ion channel has its own characteristic features concerning electrophysiology and molecular biology in each potassium ion channel. The potassium ion current across the plasma membrane is considered to have two main physiological functions, one for determining the membrane potential and the other regulating the electrical activity. Membrane hyperpolarization would reduce the excitability of the membrane by shifting the membrane potential away from the threshold for excitation and would inhibit, where it existed, calcium ion (Ca2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels by closing the Ca2+ channel. Outward potassium ion currents activated upon depolarization would counteract the depolarizing action of inward currents carried either by sodium ion (Na+) or Ca2+. Therefore, potassium ion channels show the physiological effects in each tissue via membrane potential mediated Ca2+ dynamics (for example, excitation-contraction coupling in muscle). Potassium ion channel activity is also essentially regulated by the intracellular signal transduction pathways, such as receptors (G proteins) second messenger molecules processes in the physiological condition. On the other hand, the modification of potassium ion channel activity would be expected to have a significant effect on the excitability of various cells. Therefore, augmentation of outward potassium ion currents may be useful to treat various diseases (asthma, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, arrhythmias, heart failure, epilepsy, etc.). Furthermore, potassium ion channels may be a target protein for the research and development of a therapeutic agent for various diseases concerning the lungs, heart, nerves, eyes, and pancreas. However, there are few books described in detail about potassium ion channels. This book will focus on the characteristics, function and regulation of several types of potassium ion channels, focusing on the role of these channels not only in terms of physical responses, but also in the aforementioned diseases.

Potassium Channels in Health and Disease

Author : Hiroaki Kume
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536129281
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (292 download)

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Book Synopsis Potassium Channels in Health and Disease by : Hiroaki Kume

Download or read book Potassium Channels in Health and Disease written by Hiroaki Kume and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Potassium ion (K+) channels are ubiquitous components and are widely distributed on the surface of the cell membrane in various tissues. There are many types of potassium ion channels (voltage-gated K+ channels, ATP-sensitive K+ channels, Ca2+-activated K+ channels, etc.), and each type of potassium ion channel has its own characteristic features concerning electrophysiology and molecular biology in each potassium ion channel. The potassium ion current across the plasma membrane is considered to have two main physiological functions, one for determining the membrane potential and the other regulating the electrical activity. Membrane hyperpolarization would reduce the excitability of the membrane by shifting the membrane potential away from the threshold for excitation and would inhibit, where it existed, calcium ion (Ca2+) influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels by closing the Ca2+ channel. Outward potassium ion currents activated upon depolarization would counteract the depolarizing action of inward currents carried either by sodium ion (Na+) or Ca2+. Therefore, potassium ion channels show the physiological effects in each tissue via membrane potential mediated Ca2+ dynamics (for example, excitation-contraction coupling in muscle). Potassium ion channel activity is also essentially regulated by the intracellular signal transduction pathways, such as receptors' (G proteins) second messenger molecules processes in the physiological condition. On the other hand, the modification of potassium ion channel activity would be expected to have a significant effect on the excitability of various cells. Therefore, augmentation of outward potassium ion currents may be useful to treat various diseases (asthma, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, arrhythmias, heart failure, epilepsy, etc.). Furthermore, potassium ion channels may be a target protein for the research and development of a therapeutic agent for various diseases concerning the lungs, heart, nerves, eyes, and pancreas. However, there are few books described in detail about potassium ion channels. This book will focus on the characteristics, function and regulation of several types of potassium ion channels, focusing on the role of these channels not only in terms of physical responses, but also in the aforementioned diseases."--

Ion Channels and Disease

Author : Frances M. Ashcroft
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080535216
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Ion Channels and Disease by : Frances M. Ashcroft

Download or read book Ion Channels and Disease written by Frances M. Ashcroft and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-10-20 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion channels are membrane proteins that act as gated pathways for the movement of ions across cell membranes. They play essential roles in the physiology of all cells. In recent years, an ever-increasing number of human and animal diseases have been found to result from defects in ion channel function. Most of these diseases arise from mutations in the genes encoding ion channel proteins, and they are now referred to as the channelopathies. Ion Channels and Disease provides an informative and up-to-date account of our present understanding of ion channels and the molecular basis of ion channel diseases. It includes a basic introduction to the relevant aspects of molecular biology and biophysics and a brief description of the principal methods used to study channelopathies. For each channel, the relationship between its molecular structure and its functional properties is discussed and ways in which genetic mutations produce the disease phenotype are considered. This book is intended for research workers and clinicians, as well as graduates and advanced undergraduates. The text is clear and lively and assumes little knowledge, yet it takes the reader to frontiers of what is currently known about this most exciting and medically important area of physiology. Introduces the relevant aspects of molecular biology and biophysics Describes the principal methods used to study channelopathies Considers single classes of ion channels with summaries of the physiological role, subunit composition, molecular structure and chromosomal location, plus the relationship between channel structure and function Looks at those diseases associated with defective channel structures and regulation, including mutations affecting channel function and to what extent this change in channel function can account for the clinical phenotype

Ion Channel Diseases

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080923100
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Ion Channel Diseases by :

Download or read book Ion Channel Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion channel dysfunction in humans leads to impairment of the excitable processes necessary for the normal function of several tissues, such as muscle and brain. It follows that an increasing number of human diseases have been associated with malfunctioning ion channels, many of which have a genetic component. This volume of Advances in Genetics presents a broad and comprehensive overview of the inherited channelopathies in humans, including clinical, genetic and molecular aspects of these conditions. Keeping true to the scope of the serial, novel genomic and modeling research approaches and a review of potential therapeutic approaches for each of these conditions are also incorporated.

Regulation of Cardiac Potassium Channels in Health and Disease

Author : Hannah Aizad Ledford
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780438629837
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of Cardiac Potassium Channels in Health and Disease by : Hannah Aizad Ledford

Download or read book Regulation of Cardiac Potassium Channels in Health and Disease written by Hannah Aizad Ledford and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Cardiac potassium channels are implicated in a range of inherited and acquired ion channelopathies. Consequently, the regulation of potassium channels is a critical process; malfunction of which results in changes to membrane surface expression, current density, and channel kinetics. Decreases or increases in current can arise from defects in the channels themselves or from dysregulation by chaperone, trafficking, degradation, or accessory proteins, in addition to intracellular and extracellular factors (e.g. Ca2+ concentrations, second messenger signaling molecules, hormonal influences, ion concentrations, and pH). Here, we investigated the effects of regulatory mechanisms on potassium channel function and cardiac arrhythmogenesis. We evaluated the roles of interacting proteins on atrial and ventricular K+ channel function. Using heterologous expression systems (HEK 293 cells), mouse models, and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), we evaluated the impacts of quality control mechanisms on the human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) K+ channel; interacting proteins on small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SK); and anion exchanger Slc26a6 on cardiac excitability and action potential. Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that E3 ubiquitin ligase, RNF207, regulates hERG channel expression and function through endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (chapter 2); calmodulin (CaM) mutants decrease SK2 current density through regulation of channel activation kinetics (chapter 3); [alpha]-actinin and filamin A regulate SK2 channel trafficking and surface expression (chapter 4); and Slc26a6 regulates cardiac excitability and action potential via its effects on intracellular pH and membrane potential (chapter 5). Methods and Results: To further evaluate these effects, we utilized a combination of electrophysiology, molecular biology, and imaging techniques. Whole-cell voltage-clamp, perforated patch action potential recordings, co-immunoprecipitation, degradation and ubiquitinylation assays, and immunofluorescence through confocal microscopy and stimulated emission depletion (STED) high-resolution microscopy were used in this study. We found that wild-type RNF207 is able to ubiquitinylate mutant hERG subunits (T613M; hERG[subscript T613M]), whereas mutant RNF207 (G603fs; RNF207[subscript G603fs]) fails to tag mutant hERG for degradation, allowing significant reduction in current density. SK2 channel surface expression was shown to be significantly enhanced by alpha-actinin and filamin a coexpression. SK2 current density was regulated by Ca2+-CaM activation, which was altered in the presence of CaM mutants. Lastly, we found that knockdown of Slc26a6 resulted in significantly prolonged action potential duration, decreased calcium transients, and intracellular pH irregularities. Conclusions Regulatory mechanisms play a key role in K+ channel expression and function. Potentially detrimental effects of heterozygously inherited channel mutations, which would otherwise be masked, may be revealed in the case of simultaneously inherited mutations in quality control mechanisms. Consequently, the effects of mutations in interacting proteins, cardiac ion channels or exchangers, and intracellular messengers may be widespread and warrants further study.

Pharmacology of Potassium Channels

Author : Nikita Gamper
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030840522
Total Pages : 546 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Pharmacology of Potassium Channels by : Nikita Gamper

Download or read book Pharmacology of Potassium Channels written by Nikita Gamper and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the present book is to comprehensively review current advances in understanding of genetics, structural biology, pharmacology of potassium channels and their roles in disease as well as to identify current gaps in knowledge. The ultimate goal is to provide a scientific foundation for better understanding of modulatory mechanisms and pharmacology of potassium channels and to use this understanding to drive future drug discovery. This book will be a must-have for academic and industrial scientists interested in physiology, pharmacology, pathology and structure-functional relationships of ion channels. The book will also be helpful for lecturers and students in the college and university classrooms, as well as for anyone interested in the state-of-the art in modern cell biology, physiology and pharmacology.

Ion Channels in Health and Disease

Author : Geoffrey S. Pitt
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128020172
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Ion Channels in Health and Disease by : Geoffrey S. Pitt

Download or read book Ion Channels in Health and Disease written by Geoffrey S. Pitt and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-11 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion Channels in Health and Disease provides key insight to allow researchers to generate discoveries across disease states. A single resource that integrates disparate areas of biology and disease ion channel biology, this publication includes cross-referencing for disease, channels, and tissues. Offers a broad view of research of interest to early and experienced researchers across biological and biomedical research. Provides an overview of fundamental concepts in ion channels research to link defects in human disease Written in an accessible manner, without jargon Provides a helpful, easy cross-reference for diseases, channels, and tissues

Potassium Ion Channels: Molecular Structure, Function, and Diseases

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080585175
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Potassium Ion Channels: Molecular Structure, Function, and Diseases by :

Download or read book Potassium Ion Channels: Molecular Structure, Function, and Diseases written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1999-05-04 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to focus on potassium ion channels and covers the recent remarkable progress made in research on these proteins. Many diseases are caused by the abnormalities of potassium ion channels. They include diabetes mellitus, life-threatening hereditary cardiac arrhythmia, epilepsy, neural degeneration, and renal hypertension. Written by leading scientists in the field, this volume offers readers a comprehensive update of this field in the understanding of the genes, molecular structure, function and diseases of potassium ion channels. Key Features * The first comprehensive volume on potassium ion channels in all aspects of genes, molecular structure, function, and diseases * Completely up-to-date information * Written by leading scientists in the field

Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology

Author : Stephen L. Archer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461513030
Total Pages : 962 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology by : Stephen L. Archer

Download or read book Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology written by Stephen L. Archer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potassium channels (K+) are membrane-spanning proteins which serve many important functions and are becoming a hot topic in physiology. K+ channels determine or modulate many functions of vascular smooth muscle, endothelial and inflammatory cells, and thus are central to regulation of arterial tone and control of cell proliferation. They are also promising targets for antihypertensive treatments with drugs which open and close specific types of K+ channels, making for an active field of research. With their ability to control vascular tone, voltage-gated K+ channels play a significant role in both pulmonary and systemic hypertension as well as in cardiac arrhythmias. This book will highlight the latest discoveries by leading researchers pertaining to the role of K+ channels in the heart and blood vessels in normal physiology and a variety of disease states.

Molecular Biology of The Cell

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780815332183
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts

Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies

Author : Jeffrey Noebels
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199746540
Total Pages : 1258 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies by : Jeffrey Noebels

Download or read book Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.

Textbook of Ion Channels Volume III

Author : Jie Zheng
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000858014
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook of Ion Channels Volume III by : Jie Zheng

Download or read book Textbook of Ion Channels Volume III written by Jie Zheng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gives newcomers to the field a foundation in ion channel properties Details up-to-date techniques used in the study of ion channels, including fluorescence spectroscopy, x-ray crystallography, and electrophysiology Links the physiology of ion channels to diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cystic fibrosis Includes case studies and a glossary

Cardiac Potassium Channel Disorders, an Issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics

Author : Mohammad Shenasa
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780323446099
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Cardiac Potassium Channel Disorders, an Issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics by : Mohammad Shenasa

Download or read book Cardiac Potassium Channel Disorders, an Issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics written by Mohammad Shenasa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, edited by Drs. Mohammad Shenasa and Stanley Nattel, will review Cardiac Potassium Channel Disorders in depth. Topics covered include but are not limited to: Molecular Biology of Cardiac Potassium Channels; Genetic Control of Potassium Channels; Potassium Channel Remodeling in Heart Disease; Gender-specific Effects of Potassium Channel Blockers; Pharmacogenetics of Potassium Channel Blockers; Multichannel Blockers; Selective Potassium Channel Blockers; and Proarrhythmic and Torsadogenic Effects of Potassium Channel Blockers in Patients.

Potassium Channels And Their Modulators

Author : John M Evans
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203304411
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Potassium Channels And Their Modulators by : John M Evans

Download or read book Potassium Channels And Their Modulators written by John M Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potassium ions K+ ions are vital in physiological processes, particularly with regard to the cardiovascular system. Modulators influence the channels through which these ions flow and the research into modulator drugs of these channels is the subject of rapidly-advancing research. This work is intended to be of use as a tool for those working in the pharmaceutical industry. Early chapters concentrate on the synthesis and structure-activity relationships of potassium channel modulators. These are followed by discussion on the application of these drugs to different target organs, such as the cardiovascular system and the airways. The book concludes with a broad overview of clinical experience and future prospects.; The authors show how potassium channel activators and potassium channel blockers each have a role to play as therapeutic agents for many disorders, including asthma and respiratory tract disorders, diseases of the central nervous system such as epilepsy, and vascular diseases such as angina, peripheral vascular disease and high blood pressure. This book should therefore also be of interest to those researching into this wide range of diseases.

BK Channels: Integrators of Cellular Signals in Health and Disease

Author : Thomas M. Weiger
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889452913
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis BK Channels: Integrators of Cellular Signals in Health and Disease by : Thomas M. Weiger

Download or read book BK Channels: Integrators of Cellular Signals in Health and Disease written by Thomas M. Weiger and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-11-10 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maxi calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) are an amazing category of ion channels which are found in cellular plasma membranes as well as in membranes of intracellular organelles. The function of these channels is to repolarize any excited membrane by passing a potassium outward current, in response to depolarization and/or increase in local calcium levels. Thus, voltage and calcium ions are involved in gating the channel under physiological conditions. This dual activation makes them perfect sensors for many cellular events that require integration between intracellular calcium levels and electrical signals. A plethora of physiological and pathophysiological functions, such as membrane hyperpolarization, modulation of synaptic transmission, hormone secretion or mental deficiencies, vaso-regulation, epilepsies, heart diseases, myotonic dystrophies, hypertension etc, in almost all cells and tissues were reported for these channels. BK channels are main targets for important ligands like alcohol and gaseous neurotransmitters, such as NO, CO or H2S, to name a few. In the last years, the molecular entities and mechanisms involved in modulation of BK channels have gained tremendous attention, as the key role of these channels in cellular processes became increasingly recognized. Indeed, accessory proteins such as slob, beta and gamma subunits, all serve to modulate the channel gating characteristics. Moreover, channel subunit expression and function is further tuned by phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation processes, redox mechanisms and the lipid microenvironment of the BK channel protein complex. This e-book contains structural and functional aspects of BK channels, channel modulation by a variety of agents and cellular components, as well as the channel’s relevance in health and disease.

Handbook of Ion Channels

Author : Jie Zheng
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466551429
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Ion Channels by : Jie Zheng

Download or read book Handbook of Ion Channels written by Jie Zheng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Benchmark for Understanding the Latest Developments of Ion ChannelsIon channels control the electrical properties of neurons and cardiac cells, mediate the detection and response to sensory stimuli, and regulate the response to physical stimuli. They can often interact with the cellular environment due to their location at the surface of ce

Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease

Author : Kirk L. Hamilton
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493933663
Total Pages : 1015 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease by : Kirk L. Hamilton

Download or read book Ion Channels and Transporters of Epithelia in Health and Disease written by Kirk L. Hamilton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 1015 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds new light on the physiology, molecular biology and pathophysiology of epithelial ion channels and transporters. It combines the basic cellular models and functions by means of a compelling clinical perspective, addressing aspects from the laboratory bench to the bedside. The individual chapters, written by leading scientists and clinicians, explore specific ion channels and transporters located in the epithelial tissues of the kidney, intestine, pancreas and respiratory tract, all of which play a crucial part in maintaining homeostasis. Further topics include the fundamentals of epithelial transport; mathematical modeling of ion transport; cell volume regulation; membrane protein folding and trafficking; transepithelial transport functions; and lastly, a discussion of transport proteins as potential pharmacological targets with a focus on the pharmacology of potassium channels.