Policing Suspicion

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000175057
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Policing Suspicion by : Eleanor Bland

Download or read book Policing Suspicion written by Eleanor Bland and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policing Suspicion is an innovative examination of policing practices and the impact of these on patterns of arrest and prosecution in London, 1780-1850. The work establishes and defines the idea of 'proactive policing' in historical context: where police officers exercised discretion to arrest defendants on suspicion that they had recently committed, or were about to commit, an offence. Through detailed examination of primary sources, including the Old Bailey Proceedings, newspaper reports, instructions for police officers, archival records of policing practices and Select Committee reports, the book examines the reasons given for arrests, and the characteristics of those arrested. Suggesting that individual police officers made active choices using their discretion, the book highlights how policing practices affected the received record of criminal activity. It also explores continuities and changes in policing practices before and after the establishment of the Metropolitan Police force in 1829, examining the expectations placed on the various officials responsible for law enforcement. The book contends that policing practices, and proactive officers themselves, contributed to the prevalence of criminal stereotypes. Beyond the historical, the book is situated within criminological frameworks around policing and preventive justice, noting parallels between historical policing based on suspicion and contemporary police powers such as stop and search. Speaking to issues of wider significance for criminologists by examining interactions between the police and suspects, and reflecting on police decision making processes, the book offers an original approach to those researching both the history of crime and policing, and criminology and criminal justice more broadly.

Policing Suspicion

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Publisher : Routledge SOLON Explorations in Crime and Criminal Justice Histories
ISBN 13 : 9780367547967
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (479 download)

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Book Synopsis Policing Suspicion by : Eleanor Taylor Bland

Download or read book Policing Suspicion written by Eleanor Taylor Bland and published by Routledge SOLON Explorations in Crime and Criminal Justice Histories. This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policing Suspicion is an innovative examination of policing practices and the impact of these on patterns of arrest and prosecution in London, 1780-1850. The work establishes and defines the idea of 'proactive policing' in historical context: where police officers exercised discretion to arrest defendants on suspicion that they had recently committed, or were about to commit, an offence. Through detailed examination of primary sources, including the Old Bailey Proceedings, newspaper reports, instructions for police officers, archival records of policing practices and Select Committee reports, the book examines the reasons given for arrests, and the characteristics of those arrested. Suggesting that individual police officers made active choices using their discretion, the book highlights how policing practices affected the received record of criminal activity. It also explores continuities and changes in policing practices before and after the establishment of the Metropolitan Police force in 1829, examining the expectations placed on the various officials responsible for law enforcement. The book contends that policing practices, and proactive officers themselves, contributed to the prevalence of criminal stereotypes. Beyond the historical, the book is situated within criminological frameworks around policing and preventive justice, noting parallels between historical policing based on suspicion and contemporary police powers such as stop and search. Speaking to issues of wider significance for criminologists by examining interactions between the police and suspects, and reflecting on police decision making processes, the book offers an original approach to those researching both the history of crime and policing, and criminology and criminal justice more broadly.

Suspect Citizens

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108575994
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Suspect Citizens by : Frank R. Baumgartner

Download or read book Suspect Citizens written by Frank R. Baumgartner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suspect Citizens offers the most comprehensive look to date at the most common form of police-citizen interactions, the routine traffic stop. Throughout the war on crime, police agencies have used traffic stops to search drivers suspected of carrying contraband. From the beginning, police agencies made it clear that very large numbers of police stops would have to occur before an officer might interdict a significant drug shipment. Unstated in that calculation was that many Americans would be subjected to police investigations so that a small number of high-level offenders might be found. The key element in this strategy, which kept it hidden from widespread public scrutiny, was that middle-class white Americans were largely exempt from its consequences. Tracking these police practices down to the officer level, Suspect Citizens documents the extreme rarity of drug busts and reveals sustained and troubling disparities in how racial groups are treated.

Suspicion Nation

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Author :
Publisher : Catapult
ISBN 13 : 1619024683
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Suspicion Nation by : Lisa Bloom

Download or read book Suspicion Nation written by Lisa Bloom and published by Catapult. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many thought the election of our first African American president put an end to the conversation about race in this country, and that America had moved into a post–racial era of equality and opportunity. Then, on the night of February 26, 2012, a black seventeen–year–old boy walking to a friend's home carrying only his cell phone, candy, and a fruit drink, was shot and killed by a neighborhood watch coordinator. And in July 2013, the trial of Zimmerman for murder captivated the public, as did his eventual acquittal. In her provocative and landmark book, Suspicion Nation, Lisa Bloom, who covered the trial from gavel to gavel, posits that none of this was a surprise: Our laws, culture, and blind spots created the conditions that led to Trayvon Martin's death, and made George Zimmerman's acquittal by far the most likely outcome. America today holds an unhealthy preoccupation with firearms that has led to the expansion of gun rights to surreal extremes. America now has not only the highest per capita gun ownership rate in the world (almost one gun per American), but the highest rate of gun deaths. Despite the strides America has made, fighting a bloody Civil War to end slavery, eradicating Jim Crow laws, teaching tolerance, and electing an African American president, racial inequality persists throughout our country, in employment, housing, education, the media, and most institutions. And perhaps most destructively of all, racial biases run deep in every level of our criminal justice system. Suspicion Nation captures a court system and a country conflicted and divided over issues of race, violence, and gun legislation.

Understanding Police Use of Force

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521837736
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Police Use of Force by : Geoffrey P. Alpert

Download or read book Understanding Police Use of Force written by Geoffrey P. Alpert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-08-16 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Proactive Policing

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309467136
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Proactive Policing by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Proactive Policing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.

The SAGE Guide to Writing in Policing

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1544364628
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Guide to Writing in Policing by : Jennifer M. Allen

Download or read book The SAGE Guide to Writing in Policing written by Jennifer M. Allen and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Guide to Writing in Policing: Report Writing Essentials equips students with transferable writing skills that can be applied across the field of policing - both academically and professionally. Authors Steven Hougland and Jennifer M. Allen interweave professional and applied writing, academic writing, and information literacy, with the result being a stronger, more confident report writer. Students are also exposed to a number of best practices for various elements of report writing, such as the face page, incident reports, supplemental reports, investigative reports, and traffic reports, as well as search warrants and affidavits.

Identifying the Culprit

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309310628
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Identifying the Culprit by : National Research Council

Download or read book Identifying the Culprit written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-16 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eyewitnesses play an important role in criminal cases when they can identify culprits. Estimates suggest that tens of thousands of eyewitnesses make identifications in criminal investigations each year. Research on factors that affect the accuracy of eyewitness identification procedures has given us an increasingly clear picture of how identifications are made, and more importantly, an improved understanding of the principled limits on vision and memory that can lead to failure of identification. Factors such as viewing conditions, duress, elevated emotions, and biases influence the visual perception experience. Perceptual experiences are stored by a system of memory that is highly malleable and continuously evolving, neither retaining nor divulging content in an informational vacuum. As such, the fidelity of our memories to actual events may be compromised by many factors at all stages of processing, from encoding to storage and retrieval. Unknown to the individual, memories are forgotten, reconstructed, updated, and distorted. Complicating the process further, policies governing law enforcement procedures for conducting and recording identifications are not standard, and policies and practices to address the issue of misidentification vary widely. These limitations can produce mistaken identifications with significant consequences. What can we do to make certain that eyewitness identification convicts the guilty and exonerates the innocent? Identifying the Culprit makes the case that better data collection and research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement training protocols, standardized procedures for administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling of eyewitness identification in court can increase the chances that accurate identifications are made. This report explains the science that has emerged during the past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law enforcement community and in the presentation of eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the report recommends a focused research agenda. Identifying the Culprit will be an essential resource to assist the law enforcement and legal communities as they seek to understand the value and the limitations of eyewitness identification and make improvements to procedures.

Security and Suspicion

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Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812205685
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Security and Suspicion by : Juliana Ochs

Download or read book Security and Suspicion written by Juliana Ochs and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2011-06-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Israel, gates, fences, and walls encircle public spaces while guards scrutinize, inspect, and interrogate. With a population constantly aware of the possibility of suicide bombings, Israel is defined by its culture of security. Security and Suspicion is a closely drawn ethnographic study of the way Israeli Jews experience security in their everyday lives. Observing security concerns through an anthropological lens, Juliana Ochs investigates the relationship between perceptions of danger and the political strategies of the state. Ochs argues that everyday security practices create exceptional states of civilian alertness that perpetuate—rather than mitigate—national fear and ongoing violence. In Israeli cities, customers entering gated urban cafés open their handbags for armed security guards and parents circumnavigate feared neighborhoods to deliver their children safely to school. Suspicious objects appear to be everywhere, as Israelis internalize the state's vigilance for signs of potential suicide bombers. Fear and suspicion not only permeate political rhetoric, writes Ochs, but also condition how people see, the way they move, and the way they relate to Palestinians. Ochs reveals that in Israel everyday practices of security—in the home, on commutes to work, or in cafés and restaurants—are as much a part of conflict as soldiers and military checkpoints. Based on intensive fieldwork in Israel during the second intifada, Security and Suspicion charts a new approach to issues of security while contributing to our appreciation of the subtle dynamics of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. This book offers a way to understand why security propagates the very fears and suspicions it is supposed to reduce.

The Police Identity Crisis

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000385469
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Police Identity Crisis by : Luke William Hunt

Download or read book The Police Identity Crisis written by Luke William Hunt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive examination of the police role from within a broader philosophical context. Contending that the police are in the midst of an identity crisis that exacerbates unjustified law enforcement tactics, Luke William Hunt examines various major conceptions of the police—those seeing them as heroes, warriors, and guardians. The book looks at the police role considering the overarching societal goal of justice and seeks to present a synthetic theory that draws upon history, law, society, psychology, and philosophy. Each major conception of the police role is examined in light of how it affects the pursuit of justice, and how it may be contrary to seeking justice holistically and collectively. The book sets forth a conception of the police role that is consistent with the basic values of a constitutional democracy in the liberal tradition. Hunt’s intent is that clarifying the police role will likewise elucidate any constraints upon policing strategies, including algorithmic strategies such as predictive policing. This book is essential reading for thoughtful policing and legal scholars as well as those interested in political philosophy, political theory, psychology, and related areas. Now more than ever, the nature of the police role is a philosophical topic that is relevant not just to police officials and social scientists, but to everyone.

Cultivating Suspicion: An Ethnography

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Author :
Publisher : African Books Collective
ISBN 13 : 9956550086
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (565 download)

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Book Synopsis Cultivating Suspicion: An Ethnography by : Davina Junck

Download or read book Cultivating Suspicion: An Ethnography written by Davina Junck and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2019-02-11 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the heart of 21st century discourses are questions of whose lives may matter more than others. While the debates themselves are not new, the #hashtags they are linked to and the media through which concerns around moralities of living together are expressed allow for debates to reach large numbers of people in accelerated, individualised and accessible ways. The new media have been powerful in (re)igniting debates and (re)activating demands for social change. Yet, the focus of ubiquitous #hashtags on binary positions may render it easy to neglect their nuances and facets. In recognition of grey-zones, contradictions and ambiguities, this ethnography focuses on a suburb of Cape Town, Observatory, and its recently revived Neighbourhood Watch as an urban renewal project and attempt to decrease notions of vulnerability to crime and violence. In Observatory considered to be liberal and bohemian by its inhabitants the framing of topics within the Neighbourhood Watch group often take on an abstract, intellectualised form. Nevertheless, the group with its rather clashing ideals is grounded in and fuelled by recycled crime stories as well as snapshots of suspected criminals that continue to reappear via various social media channels. Individual experiences, stories and inner conflicts of local Neighbourhood Watch members are at the centre of this exploratory engagement with how fear becomes embodied, everyday practice and the ways in which desires for relationality and spatial exclusivity become entangled in a place where every life matters only in principle.

Blackstone's Police Operational Handbook: Practice and Procedure

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Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191580309
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Blackstone's Police Operational Handbook: Practice and Procedure by : Clive Harfield

Download or read book Blackstone's Police Operational Handbook: Practice and Procedure written by Clive Harfield and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical handbook follows the successful flexicover format of Blackstone's Police Operational Handbook and is designed to complement that publication by offering guidance on good practice in core policing areas. Aimed at junior patrol officers, student officers and trainee detectives, it draws together practical advice across a wide range of police duties, along with extracts and explanations of official policy and guidance from ACPO, the National Policing Improvement Agency and the National Centre for Policing Excellence. The Handbook provides guidance on a structured approach to police work based on established national principles and practices and is divided into four parts: Evidence Management, which offers advice on the capture and handling of evidence with chapters on crime scene management, disclosure, witness and victim management and court procedure; Knowledge-based Policing, which outlines the National Intelligence Model, the Police Code of Conduct, ACPO values, human rights, planning and risk management and dealing with the media; Neighbourhood Policing, which covers the principles and team structures, partnerships, problem-solving techniques and crime prevention; and Protective Services Policing which looks at the role of the first responder in major incident response, major crime, and civil contingencies. Commentary is accompanied with features such as boxed examples, checklists, diagrams, practical tips and flow-charts, to aid reader's grasp of the issues.

Apprehending Fleeing Suspects

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Author :
Publisher : Charles C Thomas Publisher
ISBN 13 : 0398075417
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Apprehending Fleeing Suspects by : Jack H. Schonely

Download or read book Apprehending Fleeing Suspects written by Jack H. Schonely and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2005 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the trends and tactics that criminals are using and examines proven techniques in how to contain, search, and capture suspects on the run. The focus is on whether to chase or contain, how to set perimeters, situation management, physical conditioning, use of available resources, deployment, training and debriefing techniques. The set of criteria for making these decisions are outlined in the conclusion.

Terrorism Information Sharing and the Nationwide Suspicious Activity Report Initiative

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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437925278
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrorism Information Sharing and the Nationwide Suspicious Activity Report Initiative by : Mark A. Randol

Download or read book Terrorism Information Sharing and the Nationwide Suspicious Activity Report Initiative written by Mark A. Randol and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The 9/11 Commission cited breakdowns in info. sharing and the failure to fuse pertinent intelligence as key factors in the failure to prevent the 9/11 attacks. Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) contain info. about criminal activity that may also reveal terrorist pre-operational planning. The Nationwide SAR Initiative (NSI) is an effort to have fed., state, local, and tribal law enforcement org. participate in a standardized, integrated approach to gathering, documenting, processing, and analyzing terrorism-related SARs. This report describes the NSI, the rationale for the sharing of terrorism-related SARs, and how the NSI seeks to achieve this objective. It examines the privacy and civil liberties concerns raised by the initiative. Charts and tables.

The End of Policing

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Author :
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1784782904
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis The End of Policing by : Alex S. Vitale

Download or read book The End of Policing written by Alex S. Vitale and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive uprising following the police killing of George Floyd in the summer of 2020--by some estimates the largest protests in US history--thrust the argument to defund the police to the forefront of international politics. It also made The End of Policing a bestseller and Alex Vitale, its author, a leading figure in the urgent public discussion over police and racial justice. As the writer Rachel Kushner put it in an article called "Things I Can't Live Without", this book explains that "unfortunately, no increased diversity on police forces, nor body cameras, nor better training, has made any seeming difference" in reducing police killings and abuse. "We need to restructure our society and put resources into communities themselves, an argument Alex Vitale makes very persuasively." The problem, Vitale demonstrates, is policing itself-the dramatic expansion of the police role over the last forty years. Drawing on first-hand research from across the globe, The End of Policing describes how the implementation of alternatives to policing, like drug legalization, regulation, and harm reduction instead of the policing of drugs, has led to reductions in crime, spending, and injustice. This edition includes a new introduction that takes stock of the renewed movement to challenge police impunity and shows how we move forward, evaluating protest, policy, and the political situation.

Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths in Glasgow

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Author :
Publisher : Casemate Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1844688488
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths in Glasgow by : Paul Harrison

Download or read book Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths in Glasgow written by Paul Harrison and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2009-05-21 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The criminal cases vividly described by Paul Harrison in this gripping book take the reader on a journey into the dark secret side of Glasgow's long history. The city has been the setting for a series of horrific, bloody, sometimes bizarre incidents over the centuries. From crimes of brutal premeditation to those born of rage or despair, the whole range of human weakness and wickedness is represented here. There are tales of secret passion and betrayal, robbery, murder, gangland violence, executions, and instances of domestic cruelty and malice that ended in death. Among the fascinating and varied selection of cases Paul Harrison covers are an IRA ambush and gun battle, the policeman who murdered his lover, a Wild West-style shootout between police and a desperate robber, a sequence of horrendous serial murders including the case of Bible John, and the extraordinary acquittal of John Mitchell Henderson. The human dramas the author describes are often played out in the most commonplace of circumstances, but others are so odd as to be stranger than fiction. This grisly chronicle of the hidden history of Glasgow will be compelling reading for anyone who is interested in the dark side of human nature.

Suspending Suspicious Transactions

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Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821399225
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Suspending Suspicious Transactions by : Klaudijo Stroligo

Download or read book Suspending Suspicious Transactions written by Klaudijo Stroligo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seizure and confiscation of proceeds of crime, and funds intended to finance terrorism, are key objectives of the global initiative to combat money laundering and terrorism financing. The timely identification and immobilization of such funds are critical to permit the action necessary to prevent the flight of illicit assets beyond the reach of national law enforcement and prosecutorial authorities. Among the measures and tools that have been developed is the power for Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs) to order the postponement of transactions involving funds suspected of being related to money laundering or terrorism financing. This power has been given to a significant number of FIUs, but is not a mandatory element of the international anti-money laundering and countering terrorist financing standards. The World Bank and the Egmont Group undertook a joint study to gather information about the legal basis of this power and its practical application as well as the frequency and modalities of its use. Detailed findings of this study are reported in this booklet, together with a series of recommendations that address anomalies, or perceived weaknesses, in the structure and scope of this power, and the manner in which it is used by FIUs. In this regard it is worth mentioning some of the key recommendations flowing from the study that urge national authorities to: • Provide an explicit legal basis for the FIU’s power to postpone suspicious transactions. • Identify the minimum requisite conditions for the FIU’s exercise of this power. • Ensure that the legal provision for this power mandates a reasonable maximum duration for the FIU postponement order. • Introduce legal provisions to require the FIU to issue a written postponement order, while allowing for an oral order in urgent cases. • Develop and implement effective mechanisms for coordination of the activities of reporting entities and public authorities involved in the postponement of transactions and follow-on interventions that may be triggered by the postponement. The report’s findings and recommendations are intended to provide practical advice to those countries that may wish to review, upgrade or strengthen their FIU’s capacities to use this power. It will also be an invaluable source of information and guidance to policy makers, FIUs, as well as law enforcement and prosecutorial authorities of countries that may be considering the introduction of this power.