Phonological Characteristics Of American English

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Phonological Characteristics of American English

Author : Dominik Borner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638369994
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (383 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonological Characteristics of American English by : Dominik Borner

Download or read book Phonological Characteristics of American English written by Dominik Borner and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2004 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,3, University of Bamberg, course: Proseminar: English Varieties, 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction Even to non-native speakers of the English language it is in most cases an easy task to differentiate between British and American native speakers by listening to their pronunciation. In this term paper the most characteristic phonological features of American English will be named and explained and an overview of the variety of dialects within the United States will be provided. This can be done best by using British Standard English – also known as Received Pronunciation (RP) – as reference accent and pointing out the differences to American English. 2. General American However, it is hard to work with the term American English when doing a phonological analysis of American speech since it covers a broad spectrum of different dialects. For this reason the term General American (GA), which is widely used and preferred by most linguists today, will be introduced and worked with. General American can be seen as the Standard English of North America, but in contrast to Received Pronunciation, it is not defined by social reputation or a specific geographical origin. Throughout the United States one can not really find a socially preferred accent that is commonly recognized as the standard pronunciation. There have been several different approaches to defining a Standard English for the USA and in this paper General American will be used in means of a range of accents that do not exhibit any of the North-Eastern or Southern features which “are perceived as regional by the majority of American speakers.” One has to keep in mind that GA is not “a single and totally homogeneous accent. But since its internal variation is mainly a matter of differences in the phonetic realizations of a system of phonemes that is by and large shared by all GA speakers, the generalization expressed in the notion ‘General American’ is useful in phonological terms.”

Phonological Analysis

Author : Walt Wolfram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonological Analysis by : Walt Wolfram

Download or read book Phonological Analysis written by Walt Wolfram and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

American English

Author : Walt Wolfram
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118391454
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis American English by : Walt Wolfram

Download or read book American English written by Walt Wolfram and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this classic text chronicles recent breakthrough developments in the field of American English, covering regional, ethnic, and gender-based differences. Now accompanied by a companion website with an extensive array of sound files, video clips, and other online materials to enhance and illustrate discussions in the text Features brand new chapters that cover the very latest topics, such as Levels of Dialect, Regional Varieties of English, Gender and Language Variation, The Application of Dialect Study, and Dialect Awareness: Extending Application, as well as new exercises with online answers Updated to contain dialect samples from a wider array of US regions Written for students taking courses in dialect studies, variationist sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology, and requires no pre-knowledge of linguistics Includes a glossary and extensive appendix of the pronunciation, grammatical, and lexical features of American English dialects

Phonological Features of the Consonant System of African American Vernacular English

Author : Hanna Krause
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656979731
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (569 download)

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Book Synopsis Phonological Features of the Consonant System of African American Vernacular English by : Hanna Krause

Download or read book Phonological Features of the Consonant System of African American Vernacular English written by Hanna Krause and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject American Studies - Miscellaneous, , language: English, abstract: This term paper will give a descriptive summary of the sound patterns used in African American vernacular English, but will also go further by discussing the linguistic environments in which such patterns occur. It is restricted to the phonological features of the consonant system of African American vernacular English (AAVE) and does not deal with the characteristics of the vowel system. Furthermore, this term paper should show that speakers of AAVE do not haphazardly insert and delete sound and that it is not fair to evaluate the sounds as “lazy speech” since the patterns used in the sound system of AAVE are completely regular and the way in which sound combinations occur, is very systematic and based on defined rules. This work also tries to make clear what AAVE is and in which ways it is different and similar to general American and Standard English. The first chapter introduces two different theories about the question how African American English might have been developed. In some contexts, it has been suggested that the pattern of final consonant sounds in AAE has similarities with the pattern of final consonant sounds in West African languages. Part two deals with the feature of consonant cluster reduction, which has received the most attention in the phonological studies of AAE. Speakers do not always say the same thing the same way all the time, of course, so the percentage rate of reduction may be greater for some speakers than others Chapter 3 focuses on the fact that interdental fricatives, represented orthographically by th in Standard English, are often realized by labio- dental fricatives among some AAE speakers. It reveals that voicing value of consonant sounds plays a major role in the production of sounds. For example /f/ and /v/ occur in environments in which voiceless th and voiced th occur in Standard English. Part 4 concentrates on the feature of devoicing and especially on the correlation of the variable /d/ with social class. Data adopted from Wolfram helps to study the speech of Negroes from several socio- economic levels and shows the relationship between the use of sound patterns and extralingusitic factors. Chapter 5 continues the discussion of consonants, focusing on the liquids /r/ and /l/. It explains environments in which /r/ is not produced by speakers of AAE. The last chapter lists some other phonological features of AAVE, but not in a detailed way, as there is not enough data available.

Varieties of English

Author : Bernd Kortmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783110196382
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (963 download)

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Book Synopsis Varieties of English by : Bernd Kortmann

Download or read book Varieties of English written by Bernd Kortmann and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 3: Covers the phonology, morphology and syntax of varieties of English in Pacific and Australasia. This work includes exercises and study questions that can be used for classroom assignments as well as for self study. It includes an interactive CD-ROM which contains sound samples, speech recordings, interactive and synchronized maps.

Pronunciation of American English (for reference)

Author : Arthur J. Bronstein
Publisher : Prentice Hall
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Pronunciation of American English (for reference) by : Arthur J. Bronstein

Download or read book Pronunciation of American English (for reference) written by Arthur J. Bronstein and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1980 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book lists approximately 17,000 core English words that are listed alphabetically and are divided into three different levels of ESL (English as a Second Language) so that learners can practice pronunciation according to their levels. Level 1 (for elementary & middle school) is written in red, level 2 (for high school) is written in blue, and level 3 (for university and above) is written in black. この本では約17,000の核心英語単語がアルファベット順にリストされており、また、学習者が自分のレベルに応じて発音を練習できるよう、すべての単語は3つの異なる ESL(第二言語としての英語)レベルに分けられています。レベル 1(小学校&中学校)は赤色、レベル 2(高校)は青色、レベル 3(大学以上)は黒色で書かれています。

Where Do Phonological Features Come From?

Author : George N. Clements
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027208239
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Where Do Phonological Features Come From? by : George N. Clements

Download or read book Where Do Phonological Features Come From? written by George N. Clements and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a timely reconsideration of the function, content, and origin of phonological features, in a set of papers that is theoretically diverse yet thematically strongly coherent. Most of the papers were originally presented at the International Conference "Where Do Features Come From?" held at the Sorbonne University, Paris, October 4-5, 2007. Several invited papers are included as well. The articles discuss issues concerning the mental status of distinctive features, their role in speech production and perception, the relation they bear to measurable physical properties in the articulatory and acoustic/auditory domains, and their role in language development. Multiple disciplinary perspectives are explored, including those of general linguistics, phonetic and speech sciences, and language acquisition. The larger goal was to address current issues in feature theory and to take a step towards synthesizing recent advances in order to present a current "state of the art" of the field.

Standards of English

Author : Raymond Hickey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521763894
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis Standards of English by : Raymond Hickey

Download or read book Standards of English written by Raymond Hickey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book-length exploration of 'standard Englishes' with contributions by the leading experts on each major variety of English discussed.

Historical Phonology of English

Author : Donka Minkova
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748677550
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Phonology of English by : Donka Minkova

Download or read book Historical Phonology of English written by Donka Minkova and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-10 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the historical development of the English phonological system from its earliest reconstructed and recorded forms to its most recent variations.

The Atlas of North American English

Author : William Labov
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110206838
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis The Atlas of North American English by : William Labov

Download or read book The Atlas of North American English written by William Labov and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Atlas of North American English provides the first overall view of the pronunciation and vowel systems of the dialects of the U.S. and Canada. The Atlas re-defines the regional dialects of American English on the basis of sound changes active in the 1990s and draws new boundaries reflecting those changes. It is based on a telephone survey of 762 local speakers, representing all the urbanized areas of North America. It has been developed by Bill Labov, one of the leading sociolinguists of the world, together with his colleagues Sharon Ash and Charles Boberg. The Atlas consists of a printed volume accompanied by an interactive CD-ROM. The print and multimedia content is also available online. Combined Edition: Book and Multimedia CD-ROM The book contains 23 chapters that re-define the geographic boundaries of North American dialects and trace the influence of gender, age, education, and city size on the progress of sound change; findings that show a dramatic and increasing divergence of English in North America; 139 four color maps that illustrate the regional distribution of phonological and phonetic variables across the North American continent; 120 four color vowel charts of individual speakers. The multimedia CD-ROM supplements the articles and maps by providing a data base with measurements of more than 100,000 vowels and mean values for 439 speakers; the Plotnik program for mapping each of the individual vowel systems; extended sound samples of all North American dialects; multimedia applications to enhance classroom presentations. Online Version: Book and CD-ROM content plus additional data The online version comprises the contents of the book and the multimedia CD-ROM along with additional data. It presents a wider selection of data, maps, and audio samples that will be recurrently updated; proffers simultaneous access to the information contained in the book and on the multimedia CD-ROM to all users in the university/library network; provides students with easy access to research material for classroom assignments. For more information, please contact Mouton de Gruyter: [email protected] System Requirements for CD-ROM and Online Version Windows PC: Pentium PC, Windows 9x, NT, or XP, at least 16MB RAM, CD-ROM Drive, 16 Bit Soundcard, SVGA (600 x 800 resolution) Apple MAC: OS 6 or higher, 16 Bit Soundcard, at least 16MB RAM Supported Browsers: Internet Explorer, 5.5 or 6 (Mac OS: Internet Explorer 5.1)/Netscape 7.x or higher/Mozilla 1.0 or higher/Mozilla Firefox 1.0 or higher PlugIns: Macromedia Flash Player 6/Acrobat Reader

Do You Speak American?

Author : Robert Macneil
Publisher : Nan A. Talese
ISBN 13 : 0307423573
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Do You Speak American? by : Robert Macneil

Download or read book Do You Speak American? written by Robert Macneil and published by Nan A. Talese. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is American English in decline? Are regional dialects dying out? Is there a difference between men and women in how they adapt to linguistic variations? These questions, and more, about our language catapulted Robert MacNeil and William Cran—the authors (with Robert McCrum) of the language classic The Story of English—across the country in search of the answers. Do You Speak American? is the tale of their discoveries, which provocatively show how the standard for American English—if a standard exists—is changing quickly and dramatically. On a journey that takes them from the Northeast, through Appalachia and the Deep South, and west to California, the authors observe everyday verbal interactions and in a host of interviews with native speakers glean the linguistic quirks and traditions characteristic of each area. While examining the histories and controversies surrounding both written and spoken American English, they address anxieties and assumptions that, when explored, are highly emotional, such as the growing influence of Spanish as a threat to American English and the special treatment of African-American vernacular English. And, challenging the purists who think grammatical standards are in serious deterioration and that media saturation of our culture is homogenizing our speech, they surprise us with unpredictable responses. With insight and wit, MacNeil and Cran bring us a compelling book that is at once a celebration and a potent study of our singular language. Each wave of immigration has brought new words to enrich the American language. Do you recognize the origin of 1. blunderbuss, sleigh, stoop, coleslaw, boss, waffle? Or 2. dumb, ouch, shyster, check, kaput, scram, bummer? Or 3. phooey, pastrami, glitch, kibbitz, schnozzle? Or 4. broccoli, espresso, pizza, pasta, macaroni, radio? Or 5. smithereens, lollapalooza, speakeasy, hooligan? Or 6. vamoose, chaps, stampede, mustang, ranch, corral? 1. Dutch 2. German 3. Yiddish 4. Italian 5. Irish 6. Spanish

The Pronunciation of American English

Author : Arthur J. Bronstein
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (813 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pronunciation of American English by : Arthur J. Bronstein

Download or read book The Pronunciation of American English written by Arthur J. Bronstein and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Applied Phonetics

Author : Harold T. Edwards
Publisher : Singular
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Phonetics by : Harold T. Edwards

Download or read book Applied Phonetics written by Harold T. Edwards and published by Singular. This book was released on 1992 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Accents of English: Volume 3

Author : J. C. Wells
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521285414
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (854 download)

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Book Synopsis Accents of English: Volume 3 by : J. C. Wells

Download or read book Accents of English: Volume 3 written by J. C. Wells and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1982-04-08 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accents of English is about the way English is pronounced by different people in different places. Volume 1 provides a synthesizing introduction, which shows how accents vary not only geographically, but also with social class, formality, sex and age; and in volumes 2 and 3 the author examines in greater depth the various accents used by people who speak English as their mother tongue: the accents of the regions of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland (volume 2), and of the USA, Canada, the West Indies, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Black Africa and the Far East ( volume 3). Each volume can be read independently, and together they form a major scholarly survey, of considerable originality, which not only includes descriptions of hitherto neglected accents, but also examines the implications for phonological theory. Readers will find the answers to many questions: Who makes 'good' rhyme with 'mood'? Which accents have no voiced sibilants? How is a Canadian accent different from an American one, a New Zealand one from an Australian one, a Jamaican one from a Barbadian one? What are the historical reasons for British-American pronunciation differences? What sound changes are currently in progress in New York, in London, in Edinburgh? Dr Wells his written principally for students of linguistics, phonetics and English language, but the motivated general reader will also find the study both fascinating and rewarding.

The Phonology of English as an International Language

Author : Jennifer Jenkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780194421645
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (216 download)

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Book Synopsis The Phonology of English as an International Language by : Jennifer Jenkins

Download or read book The Phonology of English as an International Language written by Jennifer Jenkins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-07-27 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book advocates a new approach to pronunciation teaching, in which the goal is mutual intelligibility among non-native speakers, rather than imitating native speakers. It will be of interest to all teachers of English as an International Language, especially Business English. It proposes a basic core of phonological teaching, with controversial suggestions for what should be included.

African American Vernacular English - Origins and Features

Author : Haider Madhloum
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3640856058
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis African American Vernacular English - Origins and Features by : Haider Madhloum

Download or read book African American Vernacular English - Origins and Features written by Haider Madhloum and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-University Paper from the year 2011 in the subject English - Pedagogy, Didactics, Literature Studies, Antwerp Local School, course: Last year of High School, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is the variety formerly known as Black English Vernacular or Vernacular Black English among sociolinguists. It is also called Ebonics outside the academic community. While some features of AAVE are apparently unique to this variety, in its structure it also shows many similarities with other varieties including a number of standard and nonstandard English varieties spoken in the US. AAVE has been the subject of several public debates. The analysis of this variety has caused a lot of discussion among sociolinguists and also among the American people. AAVE is a language that I hear every day through the music I hear and the Internet I use. This was the main reason that I chose to learn more about AAVE. Many people think AAVE is the same as Standard American English but this is not true. In this paper I will investigate whether AAVE is a dialect or a slang. And also the origins of AAVE and the features of AAVE (Phonological-, grammatical and lexical features) and the social and educational context of AAVE will be explained more in this paper. Through many research in the library of the university of Antwerp and the library of the university of Leuven but also through many research on the internet I was able to collect and investigate this subject. With the great help of my teacher I was able to make this paper

Introduction to International Varieties of English

Author : Laurie Bauer
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 1474400450
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to International Varieties of English by : Laurie Bauer

Download or read book Introduction to International Varieties of English written by Laurie Bauer and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-09 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at native speaker varieties of English, considering how and why they differ in terms of their pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary and spelling. It shows how the major national varieties of English have developed, why similar causes have given rise to different effects in different parts of the world, and how the same problems of description arise in relation to all 'colonial' Englishes.It covers varieties of English spoken in Britain, the USA, Canada, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand and the Falkland Islands.Key FeaturesIntroductory text, presupposes a minimum of previous knowledgeFocuses on common traits rather than on individual varietiesInformed by latest research on dialect mixingExercises included with each chapterReferences for further reading in each chapter