Open Field Farming In Medieval Europe

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Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe

Author : Warren Ault
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136583424
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe by : Warren Ault

Download or read book Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe written by Warren Ault and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a detailed account of the co-operative practice of agriculture in medieval England, shedding much light on how medieval villagers governed their own affairs. During this period co-operation was essential in ploughing, sowing and reaping, with communal control of the pasturing of the fallow and stubble. These practices were set out in customary by-laws which were agreed to by common consent and villages themselves were greatly involved with their enactment and enforcement. In the course of time, many of the by-laws were put into writing. Professor Ault has travelled extensively throughout England collecting and researching these agrarian ordinances and translating them into modern English. Since it was first published in 1972 this analysis has provided new insight into the organizational structure and governance of medieval villages in England and is essential reading for all those interested in the history of the Middle Ages.

The Origins of Open Field Agriculture

Author : Trevor Rowley
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429607873
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Open Field Agriculture by : Trevor Rowley

Download or read book The Origins of Open Field Agriculture written by Trevor Rowley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1981, The Origins of Open Field Agriculture looks at the problems connected with open field agriculture – the origins of strip cultivation, the three-field system, the adaptation of ‘Celtic’ fields, and the development of ploughing techniques. The book looks at the challenges to traditional ideas on the origins of settlement and their associated economy, and casts new light on understandings of village development. The book suggests that conventional views of the nucleated village, in the midst of open field strips as a product of the Anglo-Saxon migration, is no longer tenable. The book brings together the work of distinguished archaeologists, historians, and historical geographers and opens up a new perspective on the early development of medieval agriculture.

Agriculture in the Middle Ages

Author : Martin Bakers
Publisher : Cambridge Stanford Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture in the Middle Ages by : Martin Bakers

Download or read book Agriculture in the Middle Ages written by Martin Bakers and published by Cambridge Stanford Books. This book was released on with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle Ages agriculture underwent many changes. The nobles and the clergy were considered the most important members of the feudal society. However, they were never the majority: in the Middle Ages, almost all people were peasants. Not all farmers had the same category and social status. Many of them were free men. Among these, some were small landowners who lived on their own land, while others, the settlers, leased the feudal lord a small plot of land.

Droit Subjectif Ou Droit Objectif?

Author : Christopher Dyer
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9782503576008
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Droit Subjectif Ou Droit Objectif? by : Christopher Dyer

Download or read book Droit Subjectif Ou Droit Objectif? written by Christopher Dyer and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the middle ages and the early modern period open fields could be found in many if not most countries of Europe. They took a wide variety of forms, but can in essence be defined as areas of cultivated land in which the intermingled plots of different cultivators, without upstanding physical boundaries, were subject to some degree of communal management, in terms of cropping and grazing. Sometimes such fields occupied a high proportion of the land in a district, but often they formed a relatively minor element in landscapes which also contained enclosed fields, woodland or expanses of pasture. In some areas, open-field agriculture had already been abandoned before the end of the middle ages, but in others it continued to flourish into the nineteenth or even twentieth centuries. Although open fields have long been studied, by geographers, historians and archaeologists, much about their origins, development and rationale remains contentious. Why, across wide areas of Europe, did such fields sometimes become central to the experience of so many of our ancestors, shaping not only farming practices but also the basic structures of their everyday lives? And why, in contrast, did they fail to develop, or have a less significant role, elsewhere? Over recent decades open fields have been investigated in new, interdisciplinary ways, and as a Europe-wide phenomenon. In this book, more than ever before, their development and operation are explained in terms of economic, social, agrarian and environmental developments which were shared, to varying degrees, by all parts of the Continent. It contains ten new studies from a wide range of regions, together with important comparative research from south America and Japan. This collection of essays represents a milestone in the study of open-field agriculture, and is a major contribution to the study of the rationale of field systems more generally.

Open-field Farming in Medieval England

Author : Warren O. Ault
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780064902502
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Open-field Farming in Medieval England by : Warren O. Ault

Download or read book Open-field Farming in Medieval England written by Warren O. Ault and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Medieval Farming and Technology

Author : Grenville G. Astill
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9789004105829
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Medieval Farming and Technology by : Grenville G. Astill

Download or read book Medieval Farming and Technology written by Grenville G. Astill and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1997 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first of three planned volumes which deal with the techniques and technology of agriculture in Europe in the period from 600 A.D. down to the 17th century. The focus of this first volume is Scandinavia, the British Isles, Northern Germany, the Low Countries and Northern France. The volume discusses methodological approaches and their limitations, the development of medieval agriculture in terms of the transmission of technological ideas, improvements in productivity, regional variations, social responses to agricultural technology, and those common trends that unite the Northwest European region.The volume integrates material derived from the great advances made in medieval archaeology and the historical study of landscapes during the past 30 years and has a supranational character. It will be of interest to all those working on the social, economic and political history of Northwest Europe in the medieval and early modern periods as well as to those undertaking research in the specific field of the history of technology.Technology and Change in HistoryThis new series of scholarly surveys is intended to offer an updating of the discussion of questions regarding the nature of technology and technological change first broached in the nine-volume survey by R. Forbes: Studies in Ancient Technology. The series will however take in not only the original scope of Forbes' work, namely the Ancient Near East and the Greco-Roman world, but will extend beyond this to cover the medieval and early modern periods.7The volumes in the series will be in English, of 300-800 pp., divided into 10-15 topical chapters and aim to present to scholars, graduate students and to non-specialist scholars the current state of knowledge in the various fields in the history of technology. They collect, assimilate and present facts, opinion, sources, and literature in the accessible way that Forbes did, but will also identify issues that have not been plainly addressed and will in doing so indicate where the field might profitably be going.Including notes and numerous illustrations, the volumes address questions of a primarily historical nature, such as: 1. what technological options were open to peoples at different times and different places? 2. what options did they choose and why? 3. what impact did this have on their contemporaries and successors (and on their technological choices)?Questions and problems more proper to political, social and economic history will also be touched upon, but the starting point and focus of this new series is the history of technology.Volumes planned in the series include:R.J. Curtis: Food Technology in Antiquity (1999)M.-C. Deprez-Masson and N.J. Mayhew (eds.): Metal Technology: 600-1800 A.D. (2001)P. Squatriti (ed.): Medieval Hydrotechnology (2001)O. Wikander (ed.): Ancient Water Technology (1998)G.R.H. Wright: Ancient Building Technology (1999)J. Langdon and G. Astill (eds.): Agrarian Technology in the Middle Ages: Northwest Europe (1996)

Open-field Farming in Medieval England

Author : Warren Ortman Ault
Publisher : Allen & Unwin Australia
ISBN 13 : 9780049421059
Total Pages : 181 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis Open-field Farming in Medieval England by : Warren Ortman Ault

Download or read book Open-field Farming in Medieval England written by Warren Ortman Ault and published by Allen & Unwin Australia. This book was released on 1972-01-01 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe

Author : Warren Ault
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136583351
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe by : Warren Ault

Download or read book Open-Field Farming in Medieval Europe written by Warren Ault and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a detailed account of the co-operative practice of agriculture in medieval England, shedding much light on how medieval villagers governed their own affairs. During this period co-operation was essential in ploughing, sowing and reaping, with communal control of the pasturing of the fallow and stubble. These practices were set out in customary by-laws which were agreed to by common consent and villages themselves were greatly involved with their enactment and enforcement. In the course of time, many of the by-laws were put into writing. Professor Ault has travelled extensively throughout England collecting and researching these agrarian ordinances and translating them into modern English. Since it was first published in 1972 this analysis has provided new insight into the organizational structure and governance of medieval villages in England and is essential reading for all those interested in the history of the Middle Ages.

The World of Economics

Author : John Eatwell
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349213152
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis The World of Economics by : John Eatwell

Download or read book The World of Economics written by John Eatwell and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-05-13 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the central questions of economics and how do economists tackle them? This book aims to answer these questions in 100 essays, written by economists and selected from "The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics". It shows how economists deal with issues ranging from trade to taxation.

Agriculture in the Middle Ages

Author : Del Sweeney
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 151280777X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Agriculture in the Middle Ages by : Del Sweeney

Download or read book Agriculture in the Middle Ages written by Del Sweeney and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the cultural framework within which changes in agricultural technology and economic organization occur and the ways in which changes in the social fabric influence attitudes toward rural work and the peasantry.

Open-field Husbandry and the Village Community

Author : Warren Ortman Ault
Publisher : Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (97 download)

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Book Synopsis Open-field Husbandry and the Village Community by : Warren Ortman Ault

Download or read book Open-field Husbandry and the Village Community written by Warren Ortman Ault and published by Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society. This book was released on 1965 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Open Fields of England

Author : David Hall
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191007463
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Open Fields of England by : David Hall

Download or read book The Open Fields of England written by David Hall and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2014-06-19 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Open Fields of England describes the open-field system of agriculture that operated in Medieval England before the establishment of present-day farms surrounded by hedges or walls. The volume encompasses a wide range of primary data not previously assembled, to which are added the results of new research based upon a fifty-year study of open-field remains and their related documents. The whole of England is examined, describing eight different kinds of field-system that have been identified, and relating them to their associated land-use and settlement. Details of field structure are explained, such as the demesne, the lord's land, and the tenants' holdings, as well as tenurial arrangements and farming methods. Previous explanations of open-field origins and possible antecedents to medieval fields are discussed. Various types of archaeological and historical evidence relating to Saxon-period settlements and fields are presented, followed by the development of a new theory to explain the lay-out and planned nature of many field systems found in the central belt of England. Of particular interest is the Gazetteer, which is organized by historic counties. Each county has a summary of its fields, including tabulated data and sources for future research, touching on the demesne, yardland size, work-service, assarts, and physical remains of ridge and furrow. The Gazetteer acts as a national hand-list of field systems, opening the subject up to further research and essential to scholars of medieval agriculture.

Agrarian Technology in the Medieval Landscape

Author : Jan Klápště
Publisher : Brepols Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9782503551371
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Agrarian Technology in the Medieval Landscape by : Jan Klápště

Download or read book Agrarian Technology in the Medieval Landscape written by Jan Klápště and published by Brepols Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ruralia, Volume 10, includes 27 papers dealing with agrarian technologies in the medieval landscape as seen in different European countries. The subject areas included cultivation, livestock husbandry, gardening, viticulture and woodland management--interpreting the concept of agrarian production in a broad sense--studied mainly on the basis of archaeology, but also using iconography, documentary evidence and archaeo-environmental approaches. The Ruralia, Volume 10, marks an important step on the way towards interpreting innovation, as well as understanding the varieties of agrarian activity from a Europe-wide perspective. The authors from 14 countries provide a broad overview of the current issues, complemented by extensive bibliographies. The Ruralia, Volume 10, represents one of the current fields of European archaeological research and offers a solid foundation for further comparative studies.

European Peasants and Their Markets

Author : William N. Parker
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400870658
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis European Peasants and Their Markets by : William N. Parker

Download or read book European Peasants and Their Markets written by William N. Parker and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-08 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays discuss principal and much-debated issues in European agrarian history within the context of the general economic history of northwestern Europe. The authors endeavor to explain the phenomena with explicit use of economic reasoning, and several of the papers draw on fresh historical source materials. The use of economics provides a relevance beyond the specific historical context, at the same time making possible a broader understanding of the reasons for the persistence, spread, and variation of certain peasant practices and forms of organization. The topics discussed include: the origin, persistence, and demise of the famous open or common field system of village agricultural organization; the development of peasant and rural industry preceding and during the Industrial Revolution; and the nineteenth-century adjustments of agriculture on the continent to world competition. A foreword by William N. Parker describes the economic and social setting to which the essays are relevant and an afterword by Eric L. Jones relates the papers not only to traditional concerns of economic development and European economic history, but also to the history of the European physical and biological environment in the past several centuries. Originally published in 1976. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

The Open Fields of England

Author : David Hall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198702957
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Open Fields of England by : David Hall

Download or read book The Open Fields of England written by David Hall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-06 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first study to describe 100 years of pre-enclosure agricultural systems throughout England from one of the foremost authorities on medieval field systems.

The Origins of Open Field Agriculture

Author : TREVOR. ROWLEY
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780367180386
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Open Field Agriculture by : TREVOR. ROWLEY

Download or read book The Origins of Open Field Agriculture written by TREVOR. ROWLEY and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-31 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1981, The Origins of Open Field Agriculture looks at the problems connected with open field agriculture - the origins of strip cultivation, the three-field system, the adaptation of 'Celtic' fields, and the development of ploughing techniques. The book looks at the challenges to traditional ideas on the origins of settlement and their associated economy, and casts new light on understandings of village development. The book suggests that conventional views of the nucleated village, in the midst of open field strips as a product of the Anglo-Saxon migration, is no longer tenable. The book brings together the work of distinguished archaeologists, historians, and historical geographers and opens up a new perspective on the early development of medieval agriculture.

Adaptive Strategies for Water Heritage

Author : Carola Hein
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030002683
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Strategies for Water Heritage by : Carola Hein

Download or read book Adaptive Strategies for Water Heritage written by Carola Hein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book, building on research initiated by scholars from the Leiden-Delft-Erasmus Centre for Global Heritage and Development (CHGD) and ICOMOS Netherlands, presents multidisciplinary research that connects water to heritage. Through twenty-one chapters it explores landscapes, cities, engineering structures and buildings from around the world. It describes how people have actively shaped the course, form and function of water for human settlement and the development of civilizations, establishing socio-economic structures, policies and cultures; a rich world of narratives, laws and practices; and an extensive network of infrastructure, buildings and urban form. The book is organized in five thematic sections that link practices of the past to the design of the present and visions of the future: part I discusses drinking water management; part II addresses water use in agriculture; part III explores water management for land reclamation and defense; part IV examines river and coastal planning; and part V focuses on port cities and waterfront regeneration. Today, the many complex systems of the past are necessarily the basis for new systems that both preserve the past and manage water today: policy makers and designers can work together to recognize and build on the traditional knowledge and skills that old structure embody. This book argues that there is a need for a common agenda and an integrated policy that addresses the preservation, transformation and adaptive reuse of historic water-related structures. Throughout, it imagines how such efforts will help us develop sustainable futures for cities, landscapes and bodies of water.