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Author : Alan C. Stockman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (463 download)
Download or read book Open-economy Implications of Two Models of Business Fluctuation written by Alan C. Stockman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan C. Stockman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Open-economy Implications of Two Models of Business Fluctuations written by Alan C. Stockman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shows how open-economy implications of alternative business-cycle models can be used to discriminate between those models. Open-economy versions of two well-known models are presented: a model with predetermined nominal wages and a model in which nominal disturbances are misperceived as real disturbances. In the former model applied to a small economy with flexible exchange rates, an unanticipated increase in the money supply increases output of both traded and nontraded goods, lowers the relative price of nontraded goods, and inducesa current-account surplus. In the latter model, an unperceived increase in the money supply increases output of nontraded goods but reduces output of traded goods, raises the relative price of nontraded goods, and induces a current-account deficit.
Author : Alan C. Stockman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Open-Economy Implications of Two Models of Business Fluctuations written by Alan C. Stockman and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shows how open-economy implications of alternative business-cycle models can be used to discriminate between those models. Open-economy versions of two well-known models are presented: a model with predetermined nominal wages and a model in which nominal disturbances are misperceived as real disturbances. In the former model applied to a small economy with flexible exchange rates, an unanticipated increase in the money supply increases output of both traded and nontraded goods, lowers the relative price of nontraded goods, and inducesa current-account surplus. In the latter model, an unperceived increase in the money supply increases output of nontraded goods but reduces output of traded goods, raises the relative price of nontraded goods, and induces a current-account deficit.
Author : Ms.Valerie Cerra
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513536990
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Hysteresis and Business Cycles written by Ms.Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.
Author : Sunghyun Henry Kim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Dynamics of Open Economy Business Cycle Models written by Sunghyun Henry Kim and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the dynamic implications of different preference formulations in open economy business cycle models with incomplete asset markets. In particular, we study two preference formulations: a time separable preference formulation with a fixed discount factor, and a time non-separable preference structure with an endogenous discount factor. We analyze the moment implications of two versions of an otherwise identical open economy model -- one with a fixed discount factor and the other with an endogenous discount factor -- and study impulse responses to productivity and world real interest rate shocks. Our results suggest that business cycle implications of the two models are quite similar under conventional parameter values. We also find the approximation errors associated with the solutions of these two models are of the same magnitude.
Author : Matthew J. Kotchen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226821749
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)
Download or read book Environmental and Energy Policy and the Economy written by Matthew J. Kotchen and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-01-24 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents six new papers on environmental and energy economics and policy in the United States. Rebecca Davis, J. Scott Holladay, and Charles Sims analyze recent trends in and forecasts of coal-fired power plant retirements with and without new climate policy. Severin Borenstein and James Bushnell examine the efficiency of pricing for electricity, natural gas, and gasoline. James Archsmith, Erich Muehlegger, and David Rapson provide a prospective analysis of future pathways for electric vehicle adoption. Kenneth Gillingham considers the consequences of such pathways for the design of fuel vehicle economy standards. Frank Wolak investigates the long-term resource adequacy in wholesale electricity markets with significant intermittent renewables. Finally, Barbara Annicchiarico, Stefano Carattini, Carolyn Fischer, and Garth Heutel review the state of research on the interactions between business cycles and environmental policy.
Author : Mr.Pau Rabanal
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451875657
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)
Download or read book Technology Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations written by Mr.Pau Rabanal and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2004-12-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our answer: Not so well. We reached that conclusion after reviewing recent research on the role of technology as a source of economic fluctuations. The bulk of the evidence suggests a limited role for aggregate technology shocks, pointing instead to demand factors as the main force behind the strong positive comovement between output and labor input measures.
Author : Edouard Challe
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262549298
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Macroeconomic Fluctuations and Policies written by Edouard Challe and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basic tools for analyzing macroeconomic fluctuations and policies, applied to concrete issues and presented within an integrated New Keynesian framework. This textbook presents the basic tools for analyzing macroeconomic fluctuations and policies and applies them to contemporary issues. It employs a unified New Keynesian framework for understanding business cycles, major crises, and macroeconomic policies, introducing students to the approach most often used in academic macroeconomic analysis and by central banks and international institutions. The book addresses such topics as how recessions and crises spread; what instruments central banks and governments have to stimulate activity when private demand is weak; and what “unconventional” macroeconomic policies might work when conventional monetary policy loses its effectiveness (as has happened in many countries in the aftermath of the Great Recession.). The text introduces the foundations of modern business cycle theory through the notions of aggregate demand and aggregate supply, and then applies the theory to the study of regular business-cycle fluctuations in output, inflation, and employment. It considers conventional monetary and fiscal policies aimed at stabilizing the business cycle, and examines unconventional macroeconomic policies, including forward guidance and quantitative easing, in situations of “liquidity trap”—deep crises in which conventional policies are either ineffective or have very different effects than in normal time. This book is the first to use the New Keynesian framework at the advanced undergraduate level, connecting undergraduate learning not only with the more advanced tools taught at the graduate level but also with the large body of policy-oriented research in academic journals. End-of-chapter problems help students master the materials presented.
Author : Ashish Rajbhandari
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267256522
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (565 download)
Download or read book Essays in Empirical Macroeconomics written by Ashish Rajbhandari and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation is mostly focused on the effects and quantitative importance of news shocks in an open economy DSGE model. The novelty of these models pertain to their ability to analyze business cycle fluctuations in a structural setting with rigorous micro foundations. The first two chapters of my dissertation estimates open economy DSGE models and investigates the role of news shocks in explaining international business cycles. My third chapter focuses on identification and estimation of a partially observable bivariate probit model. The first paper, titled Propagation of News Shocks in an Open Economy DSGE model, estimates a large open economy DSGE model of US and the Euro area with frictions and news shocks along with other unanticipated structural shocks. The role of news shocks in generating business cycles is an area of ongoing research and has garnered attention as being a major contributor of output fluctuations. In this paper we find that news shocks that originate domestically have an important quantitative role in explaining domestic output, inflation and interest rates. More specifically, news shocks from the US explain about 30% of US output and those from the Euro explain about 35% of Euro output. The international transmission of news shocks however are not important in affecting business cycles across countries. The second paper, titled News shocks and Business Cycles in a Small Open Economy of Canada investigates the role of news shocks in a small open economy of Canada. Moreover we are also interested in the international transmission of such shocks from a large foreign economy such as the US. In this paper, we estimated a small open economy DSGE model with rigidities using Bayesian methods. We find that news shocks from the US have negligible role in explaining aggregate fluctuations in Canada. Nonetheless, we also find that news shocks originating in Canada play an important role domestically. The third paper is titled Identification and MCMC Estimation of bivariate probit models with partial observability. Partial observability in a bivariate probit model arises when one can only observe the binary outcome of a paired decision. Following Poirier (1980) we find a host of research applying a version of this model. However, most applications heavily rely on the assumption of independence across equations and forego estimation of the correlation parameter while some report misleading estimates. In this paper we perform Monte Carlo simulations to show that estimating the correlation parameter in a partially observable case is nontrivial as compared to a fully observable case. We also estimate the model using maximum likelihood as well as bayesian MCMC methods and apply to a dataset of Prezeworski and Vreeland (2002) studying the role of IMF.
Author : Peter J. N. Sinclair
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135179778
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Inflation Expectations written by Peter J. N. Sinclair and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflation is regarded by the many as a menace that damages business and can only make life worse for households. Keeping it low depends critically on ensuring that firms and workers expect it to be low. So expectations of inflation are a key influence on national economic welfare. This collection pulls together a galaxy of world experts (including Roy Batchelor, Richard Curtin and Staffan Linden) on inflation expectations to debate different aspects of the issues involved. The main focus of the volume is on likely inflation developments. A number of factors have led practitioners and academic observers of monetary policy to place increasing emphasis recently on inflation expectations. One is the spread of inflation targeting, invented in New Zealand over 15 years ago, but now encompassing many important economies including Brazil, Canada, Israel and Great Britain. Even more significantly, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Japan and the United States Federal Bank are the leading members of another group of monetary institutions all considering or implementing moves in the same direction. A second is the large reduction in actual inflation that has been observed in most countries over the past decade or so. These considerations underscore the critical – and largely underrecognized - importance of inflation expectations. They emphasize the importance of the issues, and the great need for a volume that offers a clear, systematic treatment of them. This book, under the steely editorship of Peter Sinclair, should prove very important for policy makers and monetary economists alike.
Author : Peter A. Hall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199247749
Total Pages : 557 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)
Download or read book Varieties of Capitalism written by Peter A. Hall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying the new economics of organisation and relational theories of the firm to the problem of understanding cross-national variation in the political economy, this volume elaborates a new understanding of the institutional differences that characterise the 'varieties of capitalism' worldwide.
Author : R.W. Jones
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444867937
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (448 download)
Download or read book Handbook of International Economics written by R.W. Jones and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1984 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook adopts a traditional definition of the subject, and focuses primarily on the explanation of international transactions in goods, services, and assets, and on the main domestic effects of those transactions. The first volume deals with the "real side" of international economics. It is concerned with the explanation of trade and factor flows, with their main effects on goods and factor prices, on the allocation of resources and income distribution and on economic welfare, and also with the effects on national policies designed explicitly to influence trade and factor flows. In other words, it deals chiefly with microeconomic issues and methods. The second volume deals with the "monetary side" of the subject. It is concerned with the balance of payments adjustment process under fixed exchange rates, with exchange rate determination under flexible exchange rates, and with the domestic ramifications of these phenomena. Accordingly, it deals mainly with economic issues, although microeconomic methods are frequently utilized, especially in work on expectations, asset markets, and exchange rate behavior. For more information on the Handbooks in Economics series, please see our home page on http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/hes
Author : Michael Parkin
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719007125
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Inflation in Open Economies written by Michael Parkin and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert J. Gordon
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226304590
Total Pages : 882 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)
Download or read book The American Business Cycle written by Robert J. Gordon and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades the American economy has experienced the worst peace-time inflation in its history and the highest unemployment rate since the Great Depression. These circumstances have prompted renewed interest in the concept of business cycles, which Joseph Schumpeter suggested are "like the beat of the heart, of the essence of the organism that displays them." In The American Business Cycle, some of the most prominent macroeconomics in the United States focuses on the questions, To what extent are business cycles propelled by external shocks? How have post-1946 cycles differed from earlier cycles? And, what are the major factors that contribute to business cycles? They extend their investigation in some areas as far back as 1875 to afford a deeper understanding of both economic history and the most recent economic fluctuations. Seven papers address specific aspects of economic activity: consumption, investment, inventory change, fiscal policy, monetary behavior, open economy, and the labor market. Five papers focus on aggregate economic activity. In a number of cases, the papers present findings that challenge widely accepted models and assumptions. In addition to its substantive findings, The American Business Cycle includes an appendix containing both the first published history of the NBER business-cycle dating chronology and many previously unpublished historical data series.
Author : Richard C. Marston
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226507254
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)
Download or read book Misalignment of Exchange Rates written by Richard C. Marston and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists writing on flexible exchange rates in the 1960s foresaw neither the magnitude nor the persistence of the changes in real exchange rates that have occurred in the last fifteen years. Unexpectedly large movements in relative prices have lead to sharp changes in exports and imports, disrupting normal trading relations and causing shifts in employment and output. Many of the largest changes are not equilibrium adjustments to real disturbances but represent instead sustained departures from long-run equilibrium levels, with real exchange rates remaining "misaligned" for years at a time. Contributors to Misalignment of Exchange Rates address a series of questions about misalignment. Several papers investigate the causes of misalignment and the extent to which observed movements in real exchange rates can be attributed to misalignment. These studies are conducted both empirically, through the experiences of the United States, Great Britain, Japan, and the countries of the European Monetary System, and theoretically, through models of imperfect competition. Attention is then turned to the effects of misalignment, especially on employment and production, and to detailed estimates of the effects of changes in exchange rates on several industries, including the U.S. auto industry. In response to the contention that there is significant "hysteresis" in the adjustment of employment and production to changes in exchange rates, contributors also attempt to determine whether the effects of misalignment can be reversed once exchange rates return to earlier levels. Finally, the issue of how to avoid—or at least control—misalignment through macroeconomic policy is confronted.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 650 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Journal of Economic Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mr.Alexander W. Hoffmaister
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451927312
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)
Download or read book Are Business Cycles Different in Asia and Latin America? written by Mr.Alexander W. Hoffmaister and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper compares business cycles in Asia and in Latin America using structural vector autoregression analysis with panel data. The evidence for countries in these regions suggests that (i) the main source of output fluctuations is supply shocks, even in the short run; (ii) the real exchange rate is driven mostly by fiscal shocks; and (iii) terms of trade shocks are important for trade balance fluctuations but not for output or real exchange rate fluctuations. However, in Latin America, as opposed to Asia, output is affected more by external and domestic demand shocks.
