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On The Theory And Simulation Of Multiple Coulomb Scattering Of Heavy Charged Particles
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Book Synopsis On the Theory and Simulation of Multiple Coulomb Scattering of Heavy Charged Particles by :
Download or read book On the Theory and Simulation of Multiple Coulomb Scattering of Heavy Charged Particles written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Moliere theory of multiple Coulomb scattering is modified to take into account difference between scattering off atomic nuclei and electron. A simple analytical expression for angular distribution of charged particles passing through a thick absorber is found. It does not assume any special form for a differential scattering cross section and has wider range of applicability than a Gaussian approximation. A well-known method to simulate multiple Coulomb scattering is based on the different treatment of ''soft'' and ''hard'' collisions. An angular deflection in a large number of ''soft'' collisions is sampled using the proposed distribution function, a small number of ''hard'' collision are simulated directly. A boundary between ''hard'' and ''soft'' collisions is defined providing a precise sampling of a scattering angle (1% level) and a small number of ''hard'' collisions. A corresponding simulating module takes into account projectile and nucleus charged distributions and exact kinematics of a projectile-electron interactions.
Book Synopsis Proton Therapy Physics by : Harald Paganetti
Download or read book Proton Therapy Physics written by Harald Paganetti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton Therapy Physics goes beyond current books on proton therapy to provide an in-depth overview of the physics aspects of this radiation therapy modality, eliminating the need to dig through information scattered in the medical physics literature. After tracing the history of proton therapy, the book summarizes the atomic and nuclear physics background necessary for understanding proton interactions with tissue. It describes the physics of proton accelerators, the parameters of clinical proton beams, and the mechanisms to generate a conformal dose distribution in a patient. The text then covers detector systems and measuring techniques for reference dosimetry, outlines basic quality assurance and commissioning guidelines, and gives examples of Monte Carlo simulations in proton therapy. The book moves on to discussions of treatment planning for single- and multiple-field uniform doses, dose calculation concepts and algorithms, and precision and uncertainties for nonmoving and moving targets. It also examines computerized treatment plan optimization, methods for in vivo dose or beam range verification, the safety of patients and operating personnel, and the biological implications of using protons from a physics perspective. The final chapter illustrates the use of risk models for common tissue complications in treatment optimization. Along with exploring quality assurance issues and biological considerations, this practical guide collects the latest clinical studies on the use of protons in treatment planning and radiation monitoring. Suitable for both newcomers in medical physics and more seasoned specialists in radiation oncology, the book helps readers understand the uncertainties and limitations of precisely shaped dose distribution.
Book Synopsis Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces by : Alberto Gras-Martí
Download or read book Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces written by Alberto Gras-Martí and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-10-31 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early in 1989, while most of us were gathered in the Mediterranean five-centuries-old city of Alacant, the idea of a school on stopping and particle penetration phenomena came to our minds. Later that year when discussing this plan with some of the participants in the 13th International Conference on Atomic Collisions in Solids in Aarhus, we were pleased to note that the proposal was warmly welcomed indeed by the community. An Advanced Study Institute on this or a related subject had not been organized in the last decade. Because of the progress made particularly in the interaction of high energy beams with matter, and the many applications which the general subject of the stopping of charged particles (ions and electrons) in matter enjoys, a Study Institute appeared a worthy enterprise. Even though several international conference series cover developments in these areas, they miss tutorial introductions to the field. The title chosen was Interaction of Charged Particles with Solids and Surfaces, and the objectives were stated as follows: "to cover theory and experiments, including selected applications and hot topics, of the stopping of charged particles (ions and electrons) in matter. The emphasis will be on outlining the areas where further effort is needed, and on specifying the basic needs in applications. Fundamental concepts will prevail over applications, and the character of the Institute as a school will be stressed. " The school was directed by Fernando Flores (Spain), Herbert M. Urbassek (Germany), Nestor R.
Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Transport of Electrons and Photons by : T.M. Jenkins
Download or read book Monte Carlo Transport of Electrons and Photons written by T.M. Jenkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ten days at the end of September, 1987, a group of about 75 scientists from 21 different countries gathered in a restored monastery on a 750 meter high piece of rock jutting out of the Mediterranean Sea to discuss the simulation of the transport of electrons and photons using Monte Carlo techniques. When we first had the idea for this meeting, Ralph Nelson, who had organized a previous course at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, suggested that Erice would be the ideal place for such a meeting. Nahum, Nelson and Rogers became Co-Directors of the Course, with the help of Alessandro Rindi, the Director of the School of Radiation Damage and Protection, and Professor Antonino Zichichi, Director of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre. The course was an outstanding success, both scientifically and socially, and those at the meeting will carry the marks of having attended, both intellectually and on a personal level where many friendships were made. The scientific content of the course was at a very high caliber, both because of the hard work done by all the lecturers in preparing their lectures (e. g. , complete copies of each lecture were available at the beginning of the course) and because of the high quality of the "students", many of whom were accomplished experts in the field. The outstanding facilities of the Centre contributed greatly to the success. This volume contains the formal record of the course lectures.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging by : Claus Grupen
Download or read book Handbook of Particle Detection and Imaging written by Claus Grupen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-08 with total page 1251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook centers on detection techniques in the field of particle physics, medical imaging and related subjects. It is structured into three parts. The first one is dealing with basic ideas of particle detectors, followed by applications of these devices in high energy physics and other fields. In the last part the large field of medical imaging using similar detection techniques is described. The different chapters of the book are written by world experts in their field. Clear instructions on the detection techniques and principles in terms of relevant operation parameters for scientists and graduate students are given.Detailed tables and diagrams will make this a very useful handbook for the application of these techniques in many different fields like physics, medicine, biology and other areas of natural science.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
Book Synopsis Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects Volume 2 by : Peter Sigmund
Download or read book Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects Volume 2 written by Peter Sigmund and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents volume 2 of a 3-volume monograph on Particle Penetration and Radiation Effects. While volume 1 addressed the basic theory of scattering and stopping of swift point charges, i.e., protons, antiprotons and alpha particles, the present volume focuses on ions heavier than helium as well as molecules and clusters over an energy range from a few keV/u to a few hundred MeV/u. The book addresses the foundations in atomic-collision physics of a wide variety of application areas within materials and surface science and engineering, micro and nano science and technology, radiation medicine and biology as well as nuclear and particle physics. Problems have been added to all chapters. This should make the book useful for both self-study and advanced university courses. An effort has been made to establish a unified notation throughout the monograph.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gaseous Radiation Detectors by : Fabio Sauli
Download or read book Gaseous Radiation Detectors written by Fabio Sauli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-12 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the fundamentals and applications of gaseous radiation detection, ideal for researchers and experimentalists in nuclear and particle physics.
Book Synopsis Multiple Scattering Effects on the Dynamics and Radiation of Fast Charged Particles in Crystals. Transients in the Nuclear Burning Wave Reactor by : Alex Fomin
Download or read book Multiple Scattering Effects on the Dynamics and Radiation of Fast Charged Particles in Crystals. Transients in the Nuclear Burning Wave Reactor written by Alex Fomin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coherent effects in the high energy particle interaction with crystals open up new opportunities for accelerating and detecting techniques. The effective electromagnetic fields that arise in this case can exceed a thousand times the fields that are now attainable at experimental installations. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the theoretical study of the multiple scattering effects on the dynamics and radiation of high energy charged particles in crystals. One of the goals of this study is to find optimal conditions to carry out the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the charmed Lambda Baryon at the LHC. Due to the short lifetime of this particle the only way to provide such a measurement is to use a bent crystal, which can imitate the magnetic field of order of thousand Tesla. The optimization of the parameters for an experimental setup was carried out on the basis of computer simulation of the Lamda Baryon passage through a bent crystal using the binary collisions model, taking in to account incoherent scattering on thermal vibrations of atoms at lattice nodes, and scattering on an electronic subsystem of a crystal. The results of the research conducted in the thesis give an optimistic forecast for the possibility of carrying out such an experiment at the LHC and became the basis of the corresponding proposal. The multiple scattering effects of the thesis. This study is performed in the framework of classical electrodynamics approach for describing the relativistic particle radiation and the computer simulation of fast charged particles passing through a crystal using the above-mentioned model. It is shown, that the spectral-angular distribution and the polarization characteristics of radiation essentially differ from the results of the Bethe-Heitler theory. The conditions for the experimental observation of these effects are presented. The second part of the thesis is devoted to the study of transient processes in advanced fast reactor breeder working in a self-sustained nuclear burning wave (NBW) regime. It is a new concept of nuclear fission reactors with the so-called “intrinsic safety”, in which the development of uncontrolled chain nuclear reaction is impossible due to the physical principles of reactor operation. The promising concepts of NBW reactor in the case of its implementation allows to utilize the depleted Uranium and provides the treatment of long-lived radioactive waste. This study is based on numerical solving the non-stationary non-linear diffusion equation of neutron transport together with a set of the burn-up equations for fuel components and the equations of nuclear kinetics for precursor nuclei of delayed neutrons using effective multi-group approach. The model of cylindrical homogeneous reactor with metallic fuel of U-Pu, Th-U and mixed Th-U-Pufuel cycles is considered in the framework of the buckling concept. As a result of these studies the existence of the NBW mode in the case of mixed Th-U-Pu fuel and its essential advantages are demonstrated; the detailed analysis of a special kind of the negative reactivity feedback that is inherent to the NBW regime and underlies the “intrinsic safety” of such a reactor is performed; the scenarios of a smooth start-up, forced shutdown and subsequent restart of the NBW reactor are developed.
Book Synopsis The Theory of Photons and Electrons by : Josef M. Jauch
Download or read book The Theory of Photons and Electrons written by Josef M. Jauch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of the corpuscular nature of radiation by Planck more than fifty years ago the quantum theory of radiation has gone through many stages of development which seemed to alternate between spectacular success and hopeless frustration. The most recent phase started in 1947 with the discovery of the electromagnetic level shifts and the realization that the exist ing theory, when properly interpreted, was perfectly adequate to explain these effects to an apparently unlimited degree of accuracy. This phase has now reached a certain conclusion: for the first time in the checkered history of this field of research it has become possible to give a unified and consistent presen tation of radiation theory in full conformity with the principles of relativity and quantum mechanics. To this task the present book is devoted. The plan for a book of this type was conceived during the year 1951 while the first-named author (J. M. J. ) held a Fulbright research scholarship at Cambridge University. During this year of freedom from teaching and other duties he had the opportunity of conferring with physicists in many different countries on the recent developments in radiation theory. The comments seemed to be almost unanimous that a book on quantum electrodynamics at the present time would be of inestimable value to physicists in many parts of the world. However, it was not until the spring of 1952 that work on the book began in earnest.
Book Synopsis Quantum Scattering Theory for Several Particle Systems by : L.D. Faddeev
Download or read book Quantum Scattering Theory for Several Particle Systems written by L.D. Faddeev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993-08-31 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last decade witnessed an increasing interest of mathematicians in prob lems originated in mathematical physics. As a result of this effort, the scope of traditional mathematical physics changed considerably. New problems es pecially those connected with quantum physics make use of new ideas and methods. Together with classical and functional analysis, methods from dif ferential geometry and Lie algebras, the theory of group representation, and even topology and algebraic geometry became efficient tools of mathematical physics. On the other hand, the problems tackled in mathematical physics helped to formulate new, purely mathematical, theorems. This important development must obviously influence the contemporary mathematical literature, especially the review articles and monographs. A considerable number of books and articles appeared, reflecting to some extend this trend. In our view, however, an adequate language and appropriate methodology has not been developed yet. Nowadays, the current literature includes either mathematical monographs occasionally using physical terms, or books on theoretical physics focused on the mathematical apparatus. We hold the opinion that the traditional mathematical language of lem mas and theorems is not appropriate for the contemporary writing on mathe matical physics. In such literature, in contrast to the standard approaches of theoretical physics, the mathematical ideology must be utmost emphasized and the reference to physical ideas must be supported by appropriate mathe matical statements. Of special importance are the results and methods that have been developed in this way for the first time.
Book Synopsis Ion-Solid Interactions by : Michael Nastasi
Download or read book Ion-Solid Interactions written by Michael Nastasi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-03-29 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive guide to an important materials science technique for students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Principles of Quantum Scattering Theory by : Dzevad Belkic
Download or read book Principles of Quantum Scattering Theory written by Dzevad Belkic and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-15 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scattering is one of the most powerful methods used to study the structure of matter, and many of the most important breakthroughs in physics have been made by means of scattering. Nearly a century has passed since the first investigations in this field, and the work undertaken since then has resulted in a rich literature encompassing both experimental and theoretical results. In scattering, one customarily studies collisions among nuclear, sub-nuclear, atomic or molecular particles, and as these are intrinsically quantum systems, it is logical that quantum mechanics is used as the basis for modern scattering theory. In Principles of Quantum Scattering Theory, the author judiciously combines physical intuition and mathematical rigour to present various selected principles of quantum scattering theory. As always in physics, experiment should be used to ultimately validate physical and mathematical modelling, and the author presents a number of exemplary illustrations, comparing theoretical and experimental cross sections in a selection of major inelastic ion-atom collisions at high non-relativistic energies. Quantum scattering theory, one of the most beautiful theories in physics, is also very rich in mathematics. Principles of Quantum Scattering Theory is intended primarily for graduate physics students, but also for non-specialist physicists for whom the clarity of exposition should aid comprehension of these mathematical complexities.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Charged Particle Transport in Gases and Condensed Matter by : Robert Robson
Download or read book Fundamentals of Charged Particle Transport in Gases and Condensed Matter written by Robert Robson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-27 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive and cohesive overview of transport processes associated with all kinds of charged particles, including electrons, ions, positrons, and muons, in both gases and condensed matter. The emphasis is on fundamental physics, linking experiment, theory and applications. In particular, the authors discuss: The kinetic theory of gases, from the traditional Boltzmann equation to modern generalizations A complementary approach: Maxwell’s equations of change and fluid modeling Calculation of ion-atom scattering cross sections Extension to soft condensed matter, amorphous materials Applications: drift tube experiments, including the Franck-Hertz experiment, modeling plasma processing devices, muon catalysed fusion, positron emission tomography, gaseous radiation detectors Straightforward, physically-based arguments are used wherever possible to complement mathematical rigor. Robert Robson has held professorial positions in Japan, the USA and Australia, and was an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at several universities in Germany. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society. Ronald White is Professor of Physics and Head of Physical Sciences at James Cook University, Australia. Malte Hildebrandt is Head of the Detector Group in the Laboratory of Particle Physics at the Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland.
Book Synopsis Collisions of Fast Charged Particles in Solids by : Nikolaĭ Pavlovich Kalashnikov
Download or read book Collisions of Fast Charged Particles in Solids written by Nikolaĭ Pavlovich Kalashnikov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1985 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Energy Transfer Between Charged Particles by Coulomb Collisions by : Ray E. Kidder
Download or read book Energy Transfer Between Charged Particles by Coulomb Collisions written by Ray E. Kidder and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
