Nuclear Folly: A History of the Cuban Missile Crisis

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Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393540820
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (935 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Folly: A History of the Cuban Missile Crisis by : Serhii Plokhy

Download or read book Nuclear Folly: A History of the Cuban Missile Crisis written by Serhii Plokhy and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The definitive history.…With his masterly book, Mr. Plokhy has sounded a warning bell." — The Economist A harrowing account of the Cuban missile crisis and how the US and USSR came to the brink of nuclear apocalypse. Nearly thirty years after the end of the Cold War, today’s world leaders are abandoning disarmament treaties, building up their nuclear arsenals, and exchanging threats of nuclear strikes. To survive this new atomic age, we must relearn the lessons of the most dangerous moment of the Cold War: the Cuban missile crisis. Serhii Plokhy’s Nuclear Folly offers an international perspective on the crisis, tracing the tortuous decision-making that produced and then resolved it, which involved John Kennedy and his advisers, Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro, and their commanders on the ground. In breathtaking detail, Plokhy vividly recounts the young JFK being played by the canny Khrushchev; the hotheaded Castro willing to defy the USSR and threatening to align himself with China; the Soviet troops on the ground clearing jungle foliage in the tropical heat, and desperately trying to conceal nuclear installations on Cuba, which were nonetheless easily spotted by U-2 spy planes; and the hair-raising near misses at sea that nearly caused a Soviet nuclear-armed submarine to fire its weapons. More often than not, the Americans and Soviets misread each other, operated under false information, and came perilously close to nuclear catastrophe. Despite these errors, nuclear war was ultimately avoided for one central reason: fear, and the realization that any escalation on either the Soviets’ or the Americans’ part would lead to mutual destruction. Drawing on a range of Soviet archival sources, including previously classified KGB documents, as well as White House tapes, Plokhy masterfully illustrates the drama and anxiety of those tense days, and provides a way for us to grapple with the problems posed in our present day.

Nuclear Folly

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Author :
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 1324035986
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Folly by : Serhii Plokhy

Download or read book Nuclear Folly written by Serhii Plokhy and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2022-10-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A harrowing account of the Cuban missile crisis and how the US and USSR came to the brink of nuclear apocalypse. Nearly thirty years after the end of the Cold War, today’s world leaders are abandoning disarmament treaties, building up their nuclear arsenals, and exchanging threats of nuclear strikes. To survive this new atomic age, we must relearn the lessons of the most dangerous moment of the Cold War: the Cuban missile crisis. Serhii Plokhy’s Nuclear Folly offers an international perspective on the crisis, tracing the tortuous decision-making that produced and then resolved it, which involved John Kennedy and his advisers, Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro, and their commanders on the ground. In breathtaking detail, Plokhy vividly recounts the young JFK being played by the canny Khrushchev; the hotheaded Castro willing to defy the USSR and threatening to align himself with China; the Soviet troops on the ground clearing jungle foliage in the tropical heat, and desperately trying to conceal nuclear installations on Cuba, which were nonetheless easily spotted by U-2 spy planes; and the hair-raising near misses at sea that nearly caused a Soviet nuclear-armed submarine to fire its weapons. More often than not, the Americans and Soviets misread each other, operated under false information, and came perilously close to nuclear catastrophe. Despite these errors, nuclear war was ultimately avoided for one central reason: fear, and the realization that any escalation on either the Soviets’ or the Americans’ part would lead to mutual destruction. Drawing on a range of Soviet archival sources, including previously classified KGB documents, as well as White House tapes, Plokhy masterfully illustrates the drama and anxiety of those tense days, and provides a way for us to grapple with the problems posed in our present day.

Nuclear Folly

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Author :
Publisher : Penguin UK
ISBN 13 : 0141993294
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (419 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Folly by : Serhii Plokhy

Download or read book Nuclear Folly written by Serhii Plokhy and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Shortlisted for the Duke of Wellington Medal for Military History* 'An enthralling account of a pivotal moment in modern history. . . replete with startling revelations about the deception and mutual suspicion that brought the US and Soviet Union to the brink of Armageddon in October 1962' Martin Chilton, Independent The definitive new history of the Cuban Missile Crisis from the author of Chernobyl: History of a Tragedy, winner of the Baillie Gifford Prize For more than four weeks in the autumn of 1962 the world teetered. The consequences of a misplaced step during the Cuban Missile Crisis could not have been more grave. Ash and cinder, famine and fallout; nuclear war between the two most-powerful nations on Earth. In Nuclear Folly, award-winning historian Serhii Plokhy tells the riveting story of those weeks, tracing the tortuous decision-making and calculated brinkmanship of John F. Kennedy, Nikita Khrushchev and Fidel Castro, and of their advisors and commanders on the ground. More often than not, Plokhy argues, the Americans and Soviets simply misread each other, operating under mutual distrust, second-guesses and false information. Despite all of this, nuclear disaster was avoided thanks to one very human reason: fear. Drawing on an impressive array of primary sources, including recently declassified KGB files, Plokhy masterfully illustrates the drama of those tense days. Authoritative, fast-paced and unforgettable, this is the definitive new account of the Cold War's most perilous moment.

DEFCON-2

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Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 1620459612
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis DEFCON-2 by : Norman Polmar

Download or read book DEFCON-2 written by Norman Polmar and published by Turner Publishing Company. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The closest we've ever come to the end of the world "DEFCON-2 is the best single volume on the Cuban Missile Crisis published and is an important contribution to the history of the Cold War. Beyond the military and political facts of the crisis, Polmar and Gresham sketch the personalities that created and coped with the crisis. They also show us how close we came to the edge without becoming sensationalistic."—Larry Bond, bestselling author of Dangerous Ground Spy-satellite and aerial-reconnaissance photos reveal that one of the United States's bitterest enemies may be acquiring weapons of mass destruction and the means to use them against the American homeland. Administration officials refuse to accept intelligence professionals' interpretation of these images and order an end to spy missions over the offending nation. More than a month later, after vicious infighting, the president orders the spy missions to resume. The new photos reveal an array of ballistic missiles, capable of carrying nuclear warheads and striking deep within U.S. territory. It appears that the missiles will be fully operational within one week. This is not a plot setup for a suspense novel; it is the true story of the most terrifying moment in the 45-year Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union: the Cuban Missile Crisis. DEFCON-2 tells this tale as it has never been told before—from both sides, with the help of hundreds of recently declassified U.S. and Soviet documents, as well as interviews with numerous former spies, military figures, and government officials who speak out here for the first time.

High Noon in the Cold War

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Publisher : Presidio Press
ISBN 13 : 0345466713
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (454 download)

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Book Synopsis High Noon in the Cold War by : Max Frankel

Download or read book High Noon in the Cold War written by Max Frankel and published by Presidio Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the Cuban Missile Crisis analyzes the roles, objectives, and actions of John Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev during the October 1962 showdown between the U.S. and Soviet Union.

The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory

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Author :
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804784329
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory by : Sheldon M Stern

Download or read book The Cuban Missile Crisis in American Memory written by Sheldon M Stern and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Marshals irrefutable evidence to succinctly demolish the mythic version of the crisis . . . sober analysis.” —The Atlantic This book exposes the misconceptions, half-truths, and outright lies that have shaped the still dominant but largely mythical version of what happened in the White House during those harrowing two weeks of secret Cuban missile crisis deliberations. More than a half-century after the event, it is surely time to demonstrate, once and for all, that Robert F. Kennedy’s Thirteen Days and the personal memoirs of other ExComm members cannot be taken seriously as historically accurate accounts of the ExComm meetings. This book, from the first historian to listen to and evaluate the White House tapes made during the crisis, does exactly that. “Stern is not alone in questioning the precision of the transcripts offered, but he has made the most painstaking attempt to clarify what was really said and done.” —Journal of American History

13 Days in October

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Publisher : BookCaps Study Guides
ISBN 13 : 1621074536
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis 13 Days in October by : Howard Brinkley

Download or read book 13 Days in October written by Howard Brinkley and published by BookCaps Study Guides. This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Never has the world come as close to the catastrophic destruction that nearly came to pass in October 1962. The United States and the Soviet Union, uneasy allies in World War II but Cold War rivals after the defeat of Germany, squared off over the discovery of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba. This launched 13 days of tense negotiations between the two nations, as both President John F. Kennedy and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev prepared for the possibility of nuclear war. While neither man wanted a war and understood the potential consequences, the situation was not merely in their hands. Khrushchev faced pressure from Soviets to take a hardline stance against the U.S., while Kennedy faced the real possibility of a military coup if he did not follow the strong recommendations of his military advisors to destroy the missiles. As Attorney General Robert Kennedy said, "The 10 or 12 people who participated in all these discussions were bright and energetic people. We had perhaps amongst the most able in the country and if any one of a half a dozen of them were president, the world would have been very likely plunged into catastrophic war." Read more about the history of this short crisis in this book. HistoryCaps is an imprint of BookCaps Study Guides. With each book, a brief period of history is recapped. We publish a wide array of topics (from baseball and music to science and philosophy), so check our growing catalogue regularly to see our newest books.

Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis

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Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 9780393341539
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis by : Robert F. Kennedy

Download or read book Thirteen Days: A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis written by Robert F. Kennedy and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2011-04-25 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A minor classic in its laconic, spare, compelling evocation by a participant of the shifting moods and maneuvers of the most dangerous moment in human history."—Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. During the thirteen days in October 1962 when the United States confronted the Soviet Union over its installation of missiles in Cuba, few people shared the behind-the-scenes story as it is told here by the late Senator Robert F. Kennedy. In this unique account, he describes each of the participants during the sometimes hour-to-hour negotiations, with particular attention to the actions and views of his brother, President John F. Kennedy. In a new foreword, the distinguished historian and Kennedy adviser Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., discusses the book's enduring importance and the significance of new information about the crisis that has come to light, especially from the Soviet Union.

The Fourteenth Day: JFK and the Aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis: The Secret White House Tapes

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Author :
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393084418
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fourteenth Day: JFK and the Aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis: The Secret White House Tapes by : David Coleman

Download or read book The Fourteenth Day: JFK and the Aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis: The Secret White House Tapes written by David Coleman and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2012-10-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes what was going on in the Oval Office as the highly-charged events leading up the Cuban Missile Crisis unfolded, as well as the immediate aftermath, based on secret recordings made by President Kennedy.

The Soviet Cuban Missile Crisis

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Publisher : Cold War International History
ISBN 13 : 9780804762014
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Soviet Cuban Missile Crisis by : Sergo Anastasovich Mikoi︠a︡n

Download or read book The Soviet Cuban Missile Crisis written by Sergo Anastasovich Mikoi︠a︡n and published by Cold War International History. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 300 pages of documents include: telegrams, memoranda of conversations, instructions to diplomats, etc.

Forgotten Bastards of the Eastern Front

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190061014
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Forgotten Bastards of the Eastern Front by : Serhii Plokhy

Download or read book Forgotten Bastards of the Eastern Front written by Serhii Plokhy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The full story of the first and only time American and Soviets fought side-by-side in World War IIAt the conference held in Tehran November 1943, American officials proposed to their Soviet allies a new operation in the effort to defeat Nazi Germany. The Normandy Invasion was already in the works; what American officials were suggesting until then was a second air front: the US Air Force wouldestablish bases in Soviet-controlled territory. Though pushing relentlessly for the United States and Great Britain to do more to help the war effort - the Soviet body count was staggering - Stalin, recalling the presence of foreign troops during the Russian Revolution, balked. His concern was thatthe American presence would inflame regional and ideological differences. Eventually in early 1944, Stalin was persuaded to give in, and Operation Baseball and then Frantic were initiated. B-17 Superfortresses were flown from bases in Italy to the Poltova region (in what is today Ukraine).As Plokhy's fascinating and utterly original book shows, what happened on these airbases mirrors the fate of the Grand Alliance itself. While both sides were fighting for Germany's unconditional surrender, differences arose that no common purpose could overcome. Soviet secret policeman watched overthe Americans, shadowing every move, and eventually trying to prevent fraternization between American airmen and local women. A catastrophic air raid by the Germans revealed the limitations of Soviet air defenses. Relations soured and the operations went south. Based on previously inaccessiblearchives, Forgotten Bastards of the Eastern Front offers a bottom-up history of the Grand Alliance itself, showing how it first began to collapse on the airfields of World War II.

Gambling with Armageddon

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Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0525659315
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Gambling with Armageddon by : Martin J. Sherwin

Download or read book Gambling with Armageddon written by Martin J. Sherwin and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of American Prometheus comes the first effort to set the Cuban Missile Crisis, with its potential for nuclear holocaust, in a wider historical narrative of the Cold War—how such a crisis arose, and why at the very last possible moment it didn't happen. In this groundbreaking look at the Cuban Missile Crisis, Martin Sherwin not only gives us a riveting sometimes hour-by-hour explanation of the crisis itself, but also explores the origins, scope, and consequences of the evolving place of nuclear weapons in the post-World War II world. Mining new sources and materials, and going far beyond the scope of earlier works on this critical face-off between the United States and the Soviet Union—triggered when Khrushchev began installing missiles in Cuba at Castro's behest—Sherwin shows how this volatile event was an integral part of the wider Cold War and was a consequence of nuclear arms. Gambling with Armageddon looks in particular at the original debate in the Truman Administration about using the Atomic Bomb; the way in which President Eisenhower relied on the threat of massive retaliation to project U.S. power in the early Cold War era; and how President Kennedy, though unprepared to deal with the Bay of Pigs debacle, came of age during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Here too is a clarifying picture of what was going on in Khrushchev's Soviet Union. Martin Sherwin has spent his career in the study of nuclear weapons and how they have shaped our world. Gambling with Armegeddon is an outstanding capstone to his work thus far.

Arsenals of Folly

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Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0375713948
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Arsenals of Folly by : Richard Rhodes

Download or read book Arsenals of Folly written by Richard Rhodes and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2008-11-04 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulitzer Prize-winning author Richard Rhodes delivers a riveting account of the nuclear arms race and the Cold War. In the Reagan-Gorbachev era, the United States and the Soviet Union came within minutes of nuclear war, until Gorbachev boldly launched a campaign to eliminate nuclear weapons, setting the stage for the 1986 Reykjavik summit and the incredible events that followed. In this thrilling, authoritative narrative, Richard Rhodes draws on personal interviews with both Soviet and U.S. participants and a wealth of new documentation to unravel the compelling, shocking story behind this monumental time in human history—its beginnings, its nearly chilling consequences, and its effects on global politics today.

The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War

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Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1624667430
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (246 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War by : Michelle Getchell

Download or read book The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Cold War written by Michelle Getchell and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 1962, when the Soviet Union deployed nuclear missiles in Cuba, the most dangerous confrontation of the Cold War ensued, bringing the world close to the brink of nuclear war. Over two tense weeks, U.S. president John F. Kennedy and Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev managed to negotiate a peaceful resolution to what was nearly a global catastrophe. Drawing on the best recent scholarship and previously unexamined documents from the archives of the former Soviet Union, this introductory volume examines the motivations and calculations of the major participants in the conflict, sets the crisis in the context of the broader history of the global Cold War, and traces the effects of the crisis on subsequent international and regional geopolitical relations. Selections from twenty primary sources provide firsthand accounts of the frantic deliberations and realpolitik diplomacy between the U.S., the U.S.S.R., and Fidel Castro's Cuban regime; thirteen illustrations are also included. CONTENTS: Introduction: The Making of a global Crisis The Origins of the Cold WarA New Front in the Cold WarThe Cold War in Latin AmericaThe Cuban Revolution and the Soviet UnionU.S. and Regional Responses to the Cuban RevolutionOperation Zapata: The Bay of PigsOperation Anadyr: Soviet Missiles in CubaCrisis Dénouement: The Missiles of NovemberEvaluating the Leadership on All Sides of the CrisisNuclear Fallout: Consequences of the Missile CrisisThe Future of Cuban-Soviet RelationsLatin American Responses to the Missile CrisisConclusion: Lessons of the Cuban Missile CrisisHistoriography of the Cuban Missile Crisis DocumentsMemorandum for McGeorge Bundy from Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., April 10, 1961State Department White Paper, April 1961From the Cable on the Conversation between Gromyko and Kennedy, October 18, 1962Telegram from Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko to the CC CPSU, October 20, 1962President John F. Kennedy’s speech to the Nation, October 22, 1962Resolution Adopted by the Council of the Organization of American States Acting Provisionally as the Organ of Consultation, October 23, 1962Message from Mexican President Adolfo López Mateos to Cuban President Osvaldo Dorticós, October 23, 1962Letter from Khrushchev to John F. Kennedy, October 24, 1962Telegram from Soviet Ambassador to the USA Dobrynin to the USSR MFA, October 24, 1962Memorandum for President Kennedy from Douglas Dillon, October 26, 1962Telegram from Fidel Castro to N.S. Khrushchev, October 26, 1962Letter from Khrushchev to Fidel Castro, October 28, 1962Cable from USSR Ambassador to Cuba Alekseev to Soviet Ministry of Foreign Affairs, October 28, 1962Telegram from Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Kuznetsov and Ambassador to the U.N. Zorin to USSR Foreign Ministry (1), October 30, 1962Premier Khrushchev’s Letter to Prime Minister Castro, October 30, 1962Prime Minister Castro’s Letter to Premier Khrushchev, October 31, 1962Meeting of the Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba with Mikoyan in the Presidential Palace, November 4, 1962Brazilian Foreign Ministry Memorandum, “Question of Cuba,” November 20, 1968Letter from Khrushchev to Fidel Castro, January 31, 1963“I Know Something About the Caribbean Crisis,” Notes from a Conversation with Fidel Castro, November 5, 1987Select Bibliography

The Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137114622
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited by : J. Nathan

Download or read book The Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited written by J. Nathan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cuban Missile Crisis Revisited is a comprehensive overview of the great cornucopia of new materials recently released by the Soviet Union, United States, and Cuba. The authors, some of whom were participants in the crisis, have all had a major role in bringing to light either significant reevaluations of the crisis, or in some cases, truly startling revelations of the extant wisdom surrounding much of the crisis. The collection, edited by a long-time student of the crisis, is a coherent, original, and up-to-date work that bears on a moment when the world, for good cause, held its breath in fear that the morning might bring the apocalypse.

The Cuban Missile Crisis

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Author :
Publisher : BookCaps Study Guides
ISBN 13 : 1621075540
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cuban Missile Crisis by : KidCaps

Download or read book The Cuban Missile Crisis written by KidCaps and published by BookCaps Study Guides. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, we will be talking about one of those occasions: the Cuban Missile Crisis. Have you ever heard of the Cuban Missile Crisis or what happened during it? As we saw earlier, the key to being a good chess player is to try and understand what the other player is thinking and what they want. The same is true of being a good president or military leader. The Cuban Missile Crisis was a very serious moment during the Cold War when many people thought that a nuclear war was about to begin, which would have meant the deaths of millions of people. How was such a complete disaster avoided during the Cuban Missile Crisis? The Secretary of Defense of the United States at the time, Robert McNamara, later said during an interview: "In the Cuban Missile Crisis, at the end, I think we did put ourselves in the skin of the Soviets." Find out about this exciting and complex period of time in this kid's book.

The Cuban Missile Crisis

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Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781721659869
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cuban Missile Crisis by : Hourly History

Download or read book The Cuban Missile Crisis written by Hourly History and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cuban Missile CrisisThe Cold War between the United States of America and the Soviet Union lasted for more than 40 years. In general, this was a war of spies and subterfuge, of covert action and espionage. There was always a danger, however, that an error of judgment on either side could suddenly cause the Cold War to turn red-hot with an exchange of nuclear weapons. On many occasions, tensions between the countries increased, but the prospect of all-out nuclear war between America and Russia was never closer than during a two-week period in October of 1962. In response to the placement of American nuclear missiles in Turkey, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev secretly ordered the transport of Russian nuclear missiles to the island of Cuba in the Caribbean. These were capable of reaching and destroying almost all American cities in a matter of minutes. When this was discovered, the U.S. administration under President John F. Kennedy decided that the threat had to be removed, even if this meant risking war with Russia. The Americans set up a blockade of the island and considered air strikes and even a full-scale invasion of Cuba. Forty thousand heavily armed Russian and Cuban troops supported by tanks, aircraft, and even tactical nuclear weapons stood by to do anything required to repel an American attack. Inside you will read about...✓ From World War to Cold War ✓ Mutually Assured Destruction ✓ Revolution in Cuba ✓ The Missile Gap ✓ American Build-up and Provocation ✓ Russian Missiles Arrive in Cuba ✓ Kennedy Speaks to America And much more! It was clear that the United States refused to accept the presence of Russian nuclear missiles less than one hundred miles from the coast of Florida. It was equally clear that Russia was determined not to remove the missiles and desert its Cuban ally. An armed confrontation between the two superpowers appeared inevitable, and there seemed a very strong possibility that the world was on the brink of full-scale nuclear war.