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Neural Control Of Renal Function
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Book Synopsis Neural Control of Renal Function, Second Edition by : Ulla C. Kopp
Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function, Second Edition written by Ulla C. Kopp and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Under normal conditions, the renal mechanosensory nerves activated by stretch of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension.
Book Synopsis Neural Control of Renal Function by : Ulla Kopp
Download or read book Neural Control of Renal Function written by Ulla Kopp and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers reaching the renal vasculature, the tubules, the juxtaglomerular granular cells, and the renal pelvic wall. The renal sensory nerves are mainly found in the renal pelvic wall. Increases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity reduce renal blood flow and urinary sodium excretion by activation of α1-adrenoceptors and increase renin secretion rate by activation of β1-adrenoceptors. In response to normal physiological stimulation, changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute importantly to homeostatic regulation of sodium and water balance. The renal mechanosensory nerves are activated by stretch of the renal pelvic tissue produced by increases in renal pelvic tissue of a magnitude that may occur during increased urine flow rate. Activation of the sensory nerves elicits an inhibitory renorenal reflex response consisting of decreases in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity leading to natriuresis. Increasing efferent sympathetic nerve activity increases afferent renal nerve activity which, in turn, decreases efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by activation of the renorenal reflexes. Thus, activation of the afferent renal nerves buffers changes in efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the overall goal of maintaining sodium balance. In pathological conditions of sodium retention, impairment of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes contributes to an inappropriately increased efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity in the presence of sodium retention. In states of renal disease or injury, there is a shift from inhibitory to excitatory reflexes originating in the kidney. Studies in essential hypertensive patients have shown that renal denervation results in long-term reduction in arterial pressure, suggesting an important role for the efferent and afferent renal nerves in hypertension. Table of Contents: Part I: Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Neural Control of Renal Hemodynamics / Neural Control of Renal Tubular Function / Neural Control of Renin Secretion Rate / Part II: Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Introduction / Neuroanatomy / Renorenal Reflexes / Mechanisms Involved in the Activation of Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Part III: Pathophysiological States / Efferent Renal Sympathetic Nerves / Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves / Conclusions / References
Book Synopsis Anatomy and Physiology by : J. Gordon Betts
Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Kidney and Body Fluids by : Lajos Takács
Download or read book Kidney and Body Fluids written by Lajos Takács and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oxford Textbook of Critical Care by : Webb
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Critical Care written by Webb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 1961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.
Book Synopsis Renal Physiology by : Esmail Koushanpour
Download or read book Renal Physiology written by Esmail Koushanpour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of this book was well received by updated. The two of us have made further collab orative efforts to present a better understanding of medical students, graduate students, and clinicians interested in furthering their understanding of basic the function of the kidney in conjunction with the principles of renal physiology. Most of the reviews most recent anatomical findings. of the first edition and comments from the various The second edition consists of 13 Chapters and 3 instructors who used the book were very positive Appendices. As in the first edition, the anatomical and complimentary with regard to the presentation description of the kidney is incorporated into the of the physiological information and the use of the various chapters dealing with kidney functions. Most system analysis approach to describe renal function. of the anatomical information was written by Wil These positive and encouraging comments over the helm Kriz. The physiological information was writ past nine years, since the publication of the first ten by Esmail Koushanpour, except for Chapter 12 edition, gave us the impetus to consider the prepa which was jointly written. Chapters 1 through 3 were ration of a second edition.
Book Synopsis Reflex Control of the Circulation by : Irving H. Zucker
Download or read book Reflex Control of the Circulation written by Irving H. Zucker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflex Control of the Circulation presents an interdisciplinary discussion of concepts in the reflex control of circulation. This volume describes aspects of autonomic receptor physiology, central pathways of reflex control, the electrophysiology of cardiovascular afferents, the interaction between reflexes, the autonomic control of regional blood flows, the autonomic control of fluid and electrolyte balance, and neurohumoral control of the circulation through normal and pathological states (e.g., hypertension, congestive heart failure). In addition, the regulation of regional blood flow during exercise and developmental aspects of reflex control are examined. Any researcher interested in the autonomic system and its role in circulation will find this book fascinating reading.
Book Synopsis The Cerebral Circulation by : Marilyn J. Cipolla
Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.
Download or read book Basic Physiology written by P.D. Sturkie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic Physiology is an introduction to vertebrate physiology, stressing human physiology at the organ level, and includ ing requisite anatomy integrated with function. One chapter deals solely with topographic anatomy in atlas form and microscopic anatomy of the principal tissues of the body. Additional chapters cover cellular and general physiology; nervous system, muscle; blood and tissue fluids, heart and circulation; respiration, digestion and absorption; intermedi ary metabolism; energy metabolism; temperature regulation; nutrition; kidney; endocrinology, including hypophysis, re production; thyroids, parathyroids, adrenals and pancreas. All concepts are emphasized and well illustrated, and con troversial material is omitted. It is written at a level suited to undergraduate students who have had introductory courses in biology, chemistry, and mathematics, and to more ad vanced students who wish to review the basic concepts of physiology. This volume should be especially useful as a text for de partments of biology, zoology, nursing, health, and agricul tural sciences that offer courses in vertebrate and human physiology. Basic Physiology is written by seven subject matter special ists who have considerable experience in teaching their specialty to undergraduates studying physiology and biology.
Book Synopsis Renal Denervation by : Richard R. Heuser
Download or read book Renal Denervation written by Richard R. Heuser and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-11 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypertension remains the leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in spite of current medical therapies. It has been estimated that 50% of Western civilization has hypertension and approximately 20% of patients have resistant hypertension. Renal denervation (RDN) is a minimally invasive, endovascular catheter based procedure using radiofrequency ablation aimed at treating resistant hypertension. Early studies show a high degree of effectiveness in renal denervation to treat hypertension. This book examines renal pathophysiology and the rationale for renal denervation, as well as possible long term benefits and risks of this new therapy. The myriad of devices involved in the evolution of this therapy are discussed and the book concludes with analyses of the cost effectiveness and future applications.
Book Synopsis PanVascular Medicine by : Peter Lanzer
Download or read book PanVascular Medicine written by Peter Lanzer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 5004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vascular management and care has become a truly multidisciplinary enterprise as the number of specialists involved in the treatment of patients with vascular diseases has steadily increased. While in the past, treatments were delivered by individual specialists, in the twenty-first century a team approach is without doubt the most effective strategy. In order to promote professional excellence in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field, a shared knowledge base and interdisciplinary standards need to be established. Pan Vascular Medicine, 2nd edition has been designed to offer such an interdisciplinary platform, providing vascular specialists with state-of-the art descriptive and procedural knowledge. Basic science, diagnostics, and therapy are all comprehensively covered. In a series of succinct, clearly written chapters, renowned specialists introduce and comment on the current international guidelines and present up-to-date reviews of all aspects of vascular care.
Book Synopsis Acute Kidney Injury and Regenerative Medicine by : Yoshio Terada
Download or read book Acute Kidney Injury and Regenerative Medicine written by Yoshio Terada and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents up-to-date information on the clinical-pathophysiological features of acute renal injury and discusses the KDIGO diagnostic criteria, as well as novel experimental findings, including in the area of regenerative medicine. It also highlights the clinical-pathophysiological importance of AKI in clinical settings, including differential diagnoses and management of AKI. In the past, the pathology associated with sudden renal impairment was characterized as acute renal failure (ARF). However, in the 2000s, the joint efforts of specialists in fields including nephrology, intensive care medicine, and cardiovascular medicine led to the introduction of a novel concept known as acute kidney injury (AKI). As medical care progressed, patients such as high-risk elderly subjects who were not deemed to be candidates for invasive therapy came to be treated in intensive care units (ICUs). As a result, kidney injury as a subset of multiple organ failure was re-considered as AKI, especially in intensive care medicine. AKI was then proposed as a novel disease concept to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and early intervention to improve prognosis.Presenting novel features, such as the definition of AKI, risk factors and management; biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and L-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP); long-term outcomes of AKI; as well as renal regeneration using iPS cell, manipulation of embryonic genes, and Xenotransplanted embryonic kidney, this book is of interest to all physicians and researchers in this field around the globe.
Book Synopsis Vander's Renal Physiology, 7th Edition by : Douglas C. Eaton
Download or read book Vander's Renal Physiology, 7th Edition written by Douglas C. Eaton and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2009-07-31 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure, function, and pathologies of the human kidney -- simplified and explained A Doody's Core Title for 2011! 4 STAR DOODY'S REVIEW! "This seventh edition of a concise, well written book on renal physiology continues the legacy of the book as a major contributor in the field....This well written book is an excellent review of renal function and is one of the best concise reviews of the topic."--Doody's Review Service Written in a concise, conversational style, this trusted text reviews the fundamental principles of renal physiology that are essential for an understanding of clinical medicine. Combining the latest research with a fully integrated teaching approach, Vander's Renal Physiology explains how the kidneys affect other body systems and how they in turn are affected by these systems. Filled with the learning tools you need to truly learn key concepts rather than merely memorize facts, Vander's will prove valuable to you at every stage of your studies or practice. Features: New Global case studies New An online physiology learning center that offers additional exam questions, artwork, and graphs Offers the best review of renal physiology available for the USMLE Step 1 Begins with the basics and works up to advanced principles Distills the essence of renal processes and their regulation in a concise, integrated manner that focuses on the logic of renal processes Features learning aids such as flow charts, diagrams, key concepts, clinical examples, learning objectives, and review questions with answers and explanations Explains the relationship between blood pressure and renal function Presents the normal functions of the kidney with clinical correlations to disease states Includes the most current research on the molecular and genetic principles underlying renal physiology
Book Synopsis Autonomic Failure by : Roger Bannister
Download or read book Autonomic Failure written by Roger Bannister and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1983 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life is a journey and we all have to go thru this progress. When I make wrong choices it was for a reason, it was for a purpose. I had to learn from it.I can not be ashamed of No one.I can not think that I am better then No One Else.I can not think less of No one Else.I can not talk about No One.Because My Father was not ashamed of Me.Because My Father did not think less of Me.Because My Father did not talk about my dirt or my sins to Anyone.Because My Father did not think that he was Better then me.HE ONLY LOVE ME
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence in Medicine by : Allan Tucker
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence in Medicine written by Allan Tucker and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2021, held as a virtual event, in June 2021. The 28 full papers presented together with 30 short papers were selected from 138 submissions. The papers are grouped in topical sections on image analysis; predictive modelling; temporal data analysis; unsupervised learning; planning and decision support; deep learning; natural language processing; and knowledge representation and rule mining.
Book Synopsis The Salt Fix by : Dr. James DiNicolantonio
Download or read book The Salt Fix written by Dr. James DiNicolantonio and published by Harmony. This book was released on 2017-06-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What if everything you know about salt is wrong? A leading cardiovascular research scientist explains how this vital crystal got a negative reputation, and shows how to lower blood pressure and experience weight loss using salt. The Salt Fix is essential reading for everyone on the keto diet! We’ve all heard the recommendation: eat no more than a teaspoon of salt a day for a healthy heart. Health-conscious Americans have hewn to the conventional wisdom that your salt shaker can put you on the fast track to a heart attack, and have suffered through bland but “heart-healthy” dinners as a result. What if the low-salt dogma is wrong? Dr. James DiNicolantonio has reviewed more than five hundred publications to unravel the impact of salt on blood pressure and heart disease. He’s reached a startling conclusion: The vast majority of us don’t need to watch our salt intake. In fact, for most of us, more salt would be advantageous to our nutrition—especially for those of us on the keto diet, as keto depletes this important mineral from our bodies. The Salt Fix tells the remarkable story of how salt became unfairly demonized—a never-before-told drama of competing egos and interests—and took the fall for another white crystal: sugar. According to The Salt Fix, too little salt can: • Make you crave sugar and refined carbs • Send the body into semistarvation mode • Lead to weight gain, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and increased blood pressure and heart rate But eating the salt you desire can improve everything, from your sleep, energy, and mental focus to your fitness, fertility, and sexual performance. It can even stave off common chronic illnesses, including heart disease. The Salt Fix shows the best ways to add salt back into your diet, offering his transformative five-step program for recalibrating your salt thermostat to achieve your unique, ideal salt intake. Science has moved on from the low-salt dogma, and so should you—your life may depend on it.
Book Synopsis Physiology at Harvard by : William Townsend Porter
Download or read book Physiology at Harvard written by William Townsend Porter and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A part of the Duke Medical Center Library History of Medicine Ephemera Collection.
