The Cerebral Circulation

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The Cerebral Circulation

Author : Marilyn J. Cipolla
Publisher : Biota Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1615047239
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cerebral Circulation by : Marilyn J. Cipolla

Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07-28 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This e-book will review special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. It describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain microcirculation such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death.

The Cerebral Circulation

Author : Marilyn J. Cipolla
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1615040129
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cerebral Circulation by : Marilyn J. Cipolla

Download or read book The Cerebral Circulation written by Marilyn J. Cipolla and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes structural and functional properties of the cerebral circulation that are unique to the brain, an organ with high metabolic demands, and the need for tight water and ion homeostasis. Autoregulation is pronounced in the brain, with myogenic, metabolic, and neurogenic mechanisms contributing to maintain relatively constant blood flow during both increases and decreases in pressure. In addition, unlike peripheral organs where the majority of vascular resistance resides in small arteries and arterioles, large extracranial and intracranial arteries contribute significantly to vascular resistance in the brain. The prominent role of large arteries in cerebrovascular resistance helps maintain blood flow and protect downstream vessels during changes in perfusion pressure. The cerebral endothelium is also unique in that its barrier properties are in some way more like epithelium than endothelium in the periphery. The cerebral endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier, has specialized tight junctions that do not allow ions to pass freely and has very low hydraulic conductivity and transcellular transport. This special configuration modifies Starling's forces in the brain such that ions retained in the vascular lumen oppose water movement due to hydrostatic pressure. Tight water regulation is necessary in the brain because it has limited capacity for expansion within the skull. Increased intracranial pressure due to vasogenic edema can cause severe neurologic complications and death. This chapter will review these special features of the cerebral circulation and how they contribute to the physiology of the brain. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy and Ultrastructure / Perivascular Innervation / Regulation of Cerebrovascular Tone / Control of Cerebral Blood Flow / Barriers of the CNS / Summary / References

Cerebral Autoregulation

Author : Stephen Payne
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319317849
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Autoregulation by : Stephen Payne

Download or read book Cerebral Autoregulation written by Stephen Payne and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief provides a comprehensive introduction to the control of blood flow in the brain. Beginning with the basic physiology of autoregulation, the author goes on to discuss measurement techniques, mathematical models, methods of analysis, and relevant clinical conditions, all within this single volume. The author draws together this disparate field, and lays the groundwork for future research directions. The text gives an up-to-date review of the state of the art in cerebral autoregulation, which is particularly relevant as cerebral autoregulation moves from the laboratory to the bedside. Cerebral Autoregulation will be useful to researchers in the physical sciences such as mathematical biology, medical physics, and biomedical engineering whose work is concerned with the brain. Researchers in the medical sciences and clinicians dealing with the brain and blood flow, as well as industry professionals developing techniques such as ultrasound, MRI, and CT will also find this Brief of interest.

Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases

Author : K. Michael Welch
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0127431705
Total Pages : 855 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (274 download)

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Book Synopsis Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases by : K. Michael Welch

Download or read book Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases written by K. Michael Welch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-04-24 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primer on Cerebrovascular Diseases is a handy reference source for scientists, students, and physicians needing reliable, up-to-date information on basic mechanisms, physiology, pathophysiology, and medical issues related to brain vasculature. The book consists of short, specific chapters written by international experts on cerebral vasculature, and presents the information in a comprehensive and easily accessible manner. The book also contains valuable information on practical applications of basic research. Presents topics in a comprehensive and accessible format Written by international authorities on cerebral vasculature Provides practical applications for researchers

Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care

Author : Basil F. Matta
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139499858
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care by : Basil F. Matta

Download or read book Core Topics in Neuroanaesthesia and Neurointensive Care written by Basil F. Matta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Core Topics in Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care is an authoritative and practical clinical text that offers clear diagnostic and management guidance for a wide range of neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care problems. With coverage of every aspect of the discipline by outstanding world experts, this should be the first book to which practitioners turn for easily accessible and definitive advice. Initial sections cover relevant anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, intraoperative and critical care monitoring and neuroimaging. These are followed by detailed sections covering all aspects of neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care in both adult and pediatric patients. The final chapter discusses ethical and legal issues. Each chapter delivers a state-of-the art review of clinical practice, including outcome data when available. Enhanced throughout with numerous clinical photographs and line drawings, this practical and accessible text is key reading for trainee and consultant anesthetists and critical care specialists.

Gupta and Gelb's Essentials of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care

Author : Arun Gupta
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316602524
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Gupta and Gelb's Essentials of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care by : Arun Gupta

Download or read book Gupta and Gelb's Essentials of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care written by Arun Gupta and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition presents core clinical neuroanesthesia and neurointensive care knowledge in a practical, user-friendly format.

Angelo Mosso's Circulation of Blood in the Human Brain

Author : Marcus E. Raichle
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199359008
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Angelo Mosso's Circulation of Blood in the Human Brain by : Marcus E. Raichle

Download or read book Angelo Mosso's Circulation of Blood in the Human Brain written by Marcus E. Raichle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern brain imaging is revolutionizing the study of brain function in health and disease. However, few realize that its origins began in the nineteenth century with Dr. Angelo Mosso's pioneering experiments. A foremost Italian physiologist and scientist, Angelo Mosso studied several patients brought to him with head injuries that exposed their live brains to direct, long-term observation. He took advantage of these rare opportunities to document, for the first time, changes in cerebral blood flow in response to different stimuli, behaviors, and emotions, the very same changes that are now the basis for the measurements underlying modern functional brain imaging. Mosso was widely recognized by his contemporaries for his highly original studies, published both in Italian in 1878 and in German in 1881. Yet there has never been a translation through which this groundbreaking work could be appreciated by the English-speaking world. Indeed, Angelo Mosso's sophisticated experiments were to neuroscience what surgeon William Beaumont's in vivo observations were to gastric physiology fifty years earlier. This unique monograph establishes Mosso's rightful role as the pioneer of brain imaging. Through it, the modern reader, whether expert neuroscientist or interested student, can gain a new perspective on the author's remarkable insights: how behaviors as subtle as thinking about a subject or feeling an emotion produce the changes in pulsations of the brain that he observed and recorded for posterity. Special features of this volume include first a brief summary of Mosso's life. Two pioneers of modern brain imaging, Marcus E. Raichle (winner of the Kavli Prize for Neuroscience) and Gordon M. Shepherd (Yale University Professor of Neurobiology) then review Mosso's work and provide extensive commentary to explain its relevance to modern brain science. The authors not only emphasize Mosso's pioneering role in brain imaging, but also his fundamental contribution to the rise of cognitive neuroscience. The English translation (by historian of medicine Christiane Nockels Fabbri) follows, together with all of the plates and illustrations of the original volume. The result is a classic of neuroscience, now available for wide appreciation by neuroscientists, neurologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, historians of science and medicine, and the general public.

The Human Brain Circulation

Author : Rosemary D. Bevan
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461203031
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis The Human Brain Circulation by : Rosemary D. Bevan

Download or read book The Human Brain Circulation written by Rosemary D. Bevan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our knowledge of the cerebral circulation has been derived from studies of species other than human. There is increas ing recognition of species differences and concern that studies in animals may be misleading if unquestioningly applied to the human. A dramatic example of this occurred in the early his tory of the study of the circulation of the brain. Galen of Pergamo (131-201 AD) described a rete mirabile or "marvelous network" of blood vessels at the base of the human skull that he must have derived from observations of certain animals. This vascular structure was supplied by the carotid arteries which, after penetrating the cranium,"are divided into a large number of very small and thin branches in the region between the cranium and the dura matter. Then . . . intersecting one another they give the impression of having forgotten their way in the brain. But this is not the case. In fact, these numerous arteries rejoin and unite like the roots of a tree trunk. . . . " The authority of Galen's writings dominated scientific thought for about 1500 years. His description of a rete was unques tioned by Leonardo de Vinci, who included it in his anatomical sketches. William Harvey's remarkable observations led to his definitive account of the circulation of blood.

Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Author : Adel E. Ahmed Ganaw
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030813339
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by : Adel E. Ahmed Ganaw

Download or read book Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage written by Adel E. Ahmed Ganaw and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), describing in detail the neurophysiology, anatomy, epidemiology, grading, anesthesia management, coiling and interventional treatment of this dangerous disease. Written by leading international experts, it highlights the state-of-the-art techniques for the diagnosis and treatment (non-surgical and surgical) of SAH and the clinical variations. It also examines the reliability of the new techniques versus the standard clinical methods to predict problems related to SAH and its recent diagnosis and management. The book starts with a brief discussion of the epidemiology of SAH, cerebral circulation, anatomy of brain blood vessels and neurophysiology related to this fatal disease. Then, in the following chapters it covers grading of subarachnoid hemorrhage, anesthesia management of SAH, treatment, subarachnoid hemorrhage coiling and radiological intervention. Lastly, it explores surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms in more detail, and addresses complications, critical care management and headache in SAH, traumatic SAH and prognosis. Featuring numerous images, tables, schema, illustrations and videos, the book is intended for junior and senior anesthesiologists, neuroscientists, intervention radiologists, intensivists and neurosurgeons.

Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Head Injury

Author : Georg E. Cold
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709191017
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Head Injury by : Georg E. Cold

Download or read book Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Head Injury written by Georg E. Cold and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade a multitude of studies concerning the dynamic changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), and intracranial pressure (ICP) in the acute phase after head injury have been published. These studies have been supplemented with studies of cerebral autoregulation, CO2 reactivity and barbiturate reactivity. Other investigations include studies of cerebrospinal fluid pH, bicarbonate, lactate and pyruvate. In this book experimental and clinical studies of the dynamic changes in CBF, CMRO2, CO2 reactivity and barbiturate reactivity are reviewed. The author's own clinical studies of the dynamic changes in CBF and cerebral metabolism are summarized and discussed, and the therapeutical implication as regards the use of artificial hyperventilation, sedation with barbiturate and mannitol treatment are discussed.

Cerebral Blood Flow

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080861609
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Blood Flow by :

Download or read book Cerebral Blood Flow written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1972-01-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in Brain Research is the most acclaimed and accomplished series in neuroscience. The serial is well-established as an extensive documentation of contemporary advances in the field. The volumes contain authoritative reviews and original articles by invited specialists. The rigorous editing of the volumes assures that they will appeal to all laboratory and clinical brain research workers in the various disciplines: neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroendocrinology, neuropathology, basic neurology, biological psychiatry and the behavioral sciences.

Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

Author : Lars Edvinsson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780781722599
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism by : Lars Edvinsson

Download or read book Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism written by Lars Edvinsson and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written and edited by the world's foremost authorities, the Second Edition of this landmark work is a current, comprehensive reference on cerebral blood flow and metabolism. The book covers the entire field in a systematic and coherent way and synthesizes the diverse body of basic science and clinical literature. The reader will gain a complete understanding of the anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological bases of the cerebral circulation, its regulation in health and disease, and the pathophysiological disturbances occurring in cerebrovascular disorders. Coverage includes stimulating discussions of future directions for research and therapeutic intervention.

Physics, Pharmacology and Physiology for Anaesthetists

Author : Matthew E. Cross
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107615887
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics, Pharmacology and Physiology for Anaesthetists by : Matthew E. Cross

Download or read book Physics, Pharmacology and Physiology for Anaesthetists written by Matthew E. Cross and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-03-06 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quick reference to basic science for anaesthetists, containing all the key information needed for FRCA exams.

Cerebral Blood Flow

Author : James H. Wood
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 824 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Blood Flow by : James H. Wood

Download or read book Cerebral Blood Flow written by James H. Wood and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1987 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Physiology of the Cerebral Circulation

Author : M. J. Purves
Publisher : CUP Archive
ISBN 13 : 9780521083003
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Physiology of the Cerebral Circulation by : M. J. Purves

Download or read book The Physiology of the Cerebral Circulation written by M. J. Purves and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1972-05-25 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists

Author : David Chambers
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108463991
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists by : David Chambers

Download or read book Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists written by David Chambers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-25 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Easily understood, up-to-date and clinically relevant, this book provides junior anaesthetists with an essential physiology resource.

Transcranial Doppler Sonography

Author : Rune Aaslid
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709188644
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Transcranial Doppler Sonography by : Rune Aaslid

Download or read book Transcranial Doppler Sonography written by Rune Aaslid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every few years a dissertation comes to the area of clinical application of medical technology which carries us forward as on a magic carpet into new regions of understanding and patient care. This book is such a magic carpet. It brings together, in a clear and incisive fashion, important hemodynamic principles with a simple noninvasive method of application to a part of the cerebral vasculature which has been relatively inaccessible. To the lucky and perceptive person who reads this book, a feeling of excitement and hope for progress is engendered. The diligent application of the potentials of transcranial Doppler ultrasound brings new power to our efforts in understanding the cerebral circulation and the causes, treatment and prevention of cerebrovascular disorders. Merrill P. Spencer, M. D. Director Institute of Applied Physiology and Medicine Seattle, Wash. , July 1986 Acknowledgements I am greatly indebted to Prof. He1ge Nornes, Oslo, who introduced me to the fascinating study of cerebral hemodynamics in the early 1970's and since then continually encouraged my interest in this field. It was through his pioneering work on the cerebral circulation-using peroperative electromagnetic flowmetry and Doppler techniques-that the basis was laid for the noninvasive trans cranial approach to the circle of Willis described in this book. I also gratefully acknowledge the stimulating case discussions with Prof. Peter Huber, Berne, at the very early introduction of trans cranial Doppler, the inspiring exchange of ideas with Dr. Merrill P.