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Membrane Fouling Reduction By The Incorporation Of Hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules In Ultrafiltration Membrane Manufacturing
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Book Synopsis Membrane Fouling Reduction by the Incorporation of Hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules in Ultrafiltration Membrane Manufacturing by : Hai Anh Nguyen
Download or read book Membrane Fouling Reduction by the Incorporation of Hydrophilic Surface Modifying Macromolecules in Ultrafiltration Membrane Manufacturing written by Hai Anh Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Modifying Macromolecules (SMM) - Incorporated Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Removal by : Thanh Huyen Dang
Download or read book Surface Modifying Macromolecules (SMM) - Incorporated Ultrafiltration Membranes for Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Removal written by Thanh Huyen Dang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Surface Modification of Water Purification Membranes to Improve Fouling Resistance in Oily Water Filtration by : Sirirat Kasemset
Download or read book Surface Modification of Water Purification Membranes to Improve Fouling Resistance in Oily Water Filtration written by Sirirat Kasemset and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest challenges in using water purification membranes is fouling. Surface modification using hydrophilic materials can reduce hydrophobic interactions between membrane surface and hydrophobic foulants, thereby alleviating fouling. In this Ph.D. research, polydopamine (PDA), a highly hydrophilic and universal coating agent, was used to surface-modified reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. PDA modification conditions (e.g., dopamine coating solution concentration, coating time, and pH of coating solution) control PDA deposition and can directly influence the modified membrane properties. Thus, the influence of PDA modification conditions on membrane physical, permeation, selective, and fouling properties were investigated systematically. A fundamental understanding relating the physical and permeation properties and the fouling characteristics of PDA-modified membranes was established. The RO membranes were modified with PDA at various modification conditions. Permeate fluxes during pure water and oil/water emulsion filtrations were studied. The PDA modification increased the permeate fluxes during oil/water emulsion filtration (thus, improved membrane fouling resistance) relative to unmodified membranes regardless of the initial dopamine concentration or deposition time used. However, these changes were only observed for the membranes coated under alkaline conditions, suggesting that the PDA did not deposit well under acidic condition. For UF membranes, molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) and pure water permeance decreased with increasing initial dopamine concentration or deposition time. A permeability and selectivity tradeoff was also observed. Membrane mean pore size and pore size distribution (modeled using log-normal pore size distribution) were investigated via modelling using a hindered solute transport model, Hagen-Poiseuille equation, and a stagnant film model. The PDA modification increased UF membrane surface hydrophilicity regardless of the coating conditions used, but it did not clearly change surface roughness or zeta potential (i.e., surface charge). Membrane fouling propensity was characterized using threshold flux. Compared to unmodified membranes, the threshold flux increased at minimal PDA coatings, but decreased at excessive PDA coatings. These threshold flux changes were likely governed by a tradeoff between surface hydrophilicity increase and pure water permeance decrease. Excessive PDA coatings resulted in decreased pure water permeance and possibly, pore blockage and pore size reduction, leading to higher local permeate flux causing severe fouling and decreased threshold flux.
Book Synopsis Membrane Modification by : Nidal Hilal
Download or read book Membrane Modification written by Nidal Hilal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Modification: Technology and Applications is written for engineers, scientists, graduate students, and researchers in the field of membrane science and technology, materials science, applied physics, chemistry, and environmental science. The book presents the complete range of membrane modification techniques used to increase efficiency of
Book Synopsis Impact of Manufacturing Conditions of Polyethersulfone Membranes on Final Characteristics and Fouling Reduction by : Daniella Berenisse Mosqueda-Jimenez
Download or read book Impact of Manufacturing Conditions of Polyethersulfone Membranes on Final Characteristics and Fouling Reduction written by Daniella Berenisse Mosqueda-Jimenez and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of membrane processes in drinking water treatment has increased exponentially in the last few years. However, one of the shortcomings that hinders their wider application is the propensity of membranes to become fouled, causing the permeate flux to decrease with time. One of the main membrane foulants is the natural organic matter (NOM) present in water sources. Membrane characteristics and performance are affected by membrane preparation conditions. The objective of this thesis was to investigate the impact of hydrophobic surface modifying macromolecule (SMM) addition and other manufacturing conditions on the membrane characteristics and performance of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. As it was necessary to test numerous membrane coupons prepared under many different conditions, during the first stage of this study a membrane test protocol was established. Small test cells gave very similar results to those produced by a larger test cell, which is recommended by USEPA for membrane testing. The test protocol was relatively short in duration and required a small amount of test solution. Moreover, as membrane compaction rate depends on the material, it was important to incorporate a precompaction step into the test protocol in order to quantify the contribution of membrane compaction when fouling was studied. The second stage of the study evaluated the impact of different membrane preparation conditions (i.e., solvent evaporation time and PES concentration) and the impact of three different SMM formulations. The three SMMs differed only in the polyol used in their synthesis. SMM41, the most miscible SMM, proved to be the most promising SMM. In general, the increase of PES concentration and/or evaporation time, together with the surface modification, produced tighter membranes with improved TOC removals, decreased NOM deposition on top of the membranes and decreased flux reduction, but also resulted in a reduced permeation rate. The best SMM41-modified membranes performed as well as their unmodified counterparts in terms of pure water permeation rate, TOC removal, and final flux. SMM41 modification significantly reduced the amount of NOM deposited on the membrane surface, and in general reduced the percentage of flux reduction. Thus, the effect of surface modification on the membrane performance was positive but marginal. Membranes prepared with PVP had higher porosities and consequently, larger permeation rates than the membranes prepared without PVP, and similar TOC removals. In this case the effect of the SMM41-modification was statistically insignificant. When different fractions of NOM were used as feed solutions a significant effect was observed for all the response variables. Low-molecular-weight NOM, as that present in most groundwaters and coagulated surface waters, caused less fouling, having a higher permeate flux at the end of the experiment; however, smaller TOC removals were observed. In general, there is a compromise between the TOC removal that the membrane can achieve and the permeation rate. Higher TOC removal is achieved by membranes with smaller permeation rate.
Book Synopsis Membranes for Water Treatment by : Klaus-Viktor Peinemann
Download or read book Membranes for Water Treatment written by Klaus-Viktor Peinemann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ready reference on Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment, is an invaluable source detailing sustainable, emerging processes, to provide clean, energy saving and cost effective alternatives to conventional processes. The editors are internationally renowned leaders in the field, who have put together a first-class team of authors from academia and industry to present a highly approach to the subject. The book is an instrumental tool for Process Engineers, Chemical Engineers, Process Control Technicians, Water Chemists, Environmental Chemists, Materials Scientists and Patent Lawyers.
Book Synopsis Fabrication of PVDF-Silica Ultrafiltration Membranes by : Hao Wu
Download or read book Fabrication of PVDF-Silica Ultrafiltration Membranes written by Hao Wu and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highly hydrophobic nature of PVDF membranes makes it prone to fouling, and hydrophilic additives are frequently used to improve its wettability and fouling performance. Another approach to mitigate fouling is to alter membrane via surface modification. Under optimum conditions of membrane fabrication, in-situ membrane surface modification may be achieved as a result of the spontaneous migration of amphiphilic additives to the membrane upper surface resulting in so-called surface segregation. In this study, a novel approach was taken to use nanoparticles as carriers and anchors for antifouling ligands. Commercial SiO2 nanoparticles were chemically functionalized by silane coupling agents, which were then further used to immobilize PEG molecules on their surface. Modified nanoparticles were directly dispersed in casting solution and modified SiO2/PVDF blend membranes were prepared. The results demonstrated that the surface modified SiO2 nanoparticles acted as a carrier that facilitated the migration of PDMS or PEG molecules immobilized on SiO2 to the surface of the membrane, contributing to the modification of surface and hence improvement of the membrane fouling resistance.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Membrane Separations by : Anil K. Pabby
Download or read book Handbook of Membrane Separations written by Anil K. Pabby and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the Handbook of Membrane Separations: Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Biotechnological Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of membrane applications. Fully updated to include the latest advancements in membrane science and technology, it is a one-of-its-kind overview of the existing literature. This fully illustrated handbook is written by experts and professionals in membrane applications from around the world. Key Features: Includes entirely new chapters on organic solvent-resistant nanofiltration, membrane condensers, membrane-reactors in hydrogen production, membrane materials for haemodialysis, and integrated membrane distillation Covers the full spectrum of membrane technology and its advancements Explores membrane applications in a range of fields, from biotechnological and food processing to industrial waste management and environmental engineering This book will appeal to both newcomers to membrane science as well as engineers and scientists looking to expand their knowledge on upcoming advancements in the field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment by : Angelo Basile
Download or read book Advances in Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-02-28 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Membrane Technologies for Water Treatment: Materials, Processes and Applications provides a detailed overview of advanced water treatment methods involving membranes, which are increasingly seen as effective replacements for a range of conventional water treatment methods. The text begins with reviews of novel membrane materials and advances in membrane operations, then examines the processes involved with improving membrane performance. Final chapters cover the application of membrane technologies for use in water treatment, with detailed discussions on municipal wastewater and reuse in the textile and paper industries. Provides a detailed overview of advanced water treatment methods involving membranes Coverage includes advancements in membrane materials, improvement in membrane performance, and their applications in water treatment Discusses the use of membrane technologies in the production of drinking water, desalination, wastewater treatment, and recovery
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Novel Polyethersulfone Membranes Incorporating Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecules for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Compounds from Drinking Water by : Amy Westgate
Download or read book Evaluation of Novel Polyethersulfone Membranes Incorporating Charged Surface Modifying Macromolecules for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Compounds from Drinking Water written by Amy Westgate and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reduced Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membranes Via Surface Fluorination by :
Download or read book Reduced Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membranes Via Surface Fluorination written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface fluorination can affect significantly the performance of an ultrafiltration membrane used to concentrate a food-related stream. Membranes fluorinated and tested as flat sheets exhibit higher initial fluxes, and do not foul as rapidly as untreated membranes. This improvement is linked to increased surface hydrophilicity, as shown in decreased contact angle with water. This increased hydrophilicity, in turn, is linked to the addition of fluorine and oxygen to the surface. The pilot plant study did-not show the difference in membrane flux and fouling observed in the flat sheet study. Instead, fluorinated and unfluorinated modules behaved similarly. Fouling by potato waste feed was severe and resulted in formation of an extensive gel layer within the module on the membrane surface. XPS, SEM and FTIR indicate that buildup of organic material occurred on both fluorinated and unfluorinated membranes, but SEM indicates that a fibrous mat of material was observed only on the nonfluorinated membrane. We conclude that in the pilot study, membrane fouling and gel formation were so extensive that the surface interaction effect was overwhelmed.
Book Synopsis Nanotechnology in Membrane Processes by : Kailash Chandra Khulbe
Download or read book Nanotechnology in Membrane Processes written by Kailash Chandra Khulbe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-09 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology has been established in membrane technology for decades. In this book, comprehensive coverage is given to nanotechnology applications in synthetic membrane processes, which are used in different fields such as water treatment, separation of gases, the food industry, military use, drug delivery, air filtration, and green chemistry. Nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles, and dendrimers are contributing to the development of more efficient and cost-effective water filtration processes. Gas separation and carbon capture can be significantly improved in flue gas applications. Nanoporous membrane systems engineered to mimic natural filtration systems are being actively developed for use in smart implantable drug delivery systems, bio artificial organs, and other novel nano-enabled medical devices. The microscopic structure of nanoporous ceramic membranes, mainly focusing on zeolite materials, as well as the energy-saving effect of membrane separation, contribute to various chemical synthesis processes. In the food industry, nanotechnology has the potential to create new tools for pathogen detection and packaging. For each application, nanotechnology is mostly used to make composite membranes, and the book provides a detailed look at the mechanisms by which the composite membrane works in each application area.
Book Synopsis Groundwater Arsenic Remediation by : Parimal Pal Chaudhuri
Download or read book Groundwater Arsenic Remediation written by Parimal Pal Chaudhuri and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arsenic abatement from groundwater in locations with a central water distribution system is relatively simple. The real challenge is selecting the most effective and affordable treatment and scale up option for locations which lack the appropriate infrastructure. Groundwater Arsenic Remediation: Treatment Technology and Scale UP provides the latest breakthrough groundwater treatment technologies and modeling and simulation methods for project scale up and eventually field deployment in locations which lack the proper central water distribution system to ensure arsenic free groundwater. Covers the different removal methods, such as chemical, adsorption, separation by membranes, and membrane distillation Includes the state-of-the-art modeling & simulation methods for optimization and field deployment Provides economic and comparative analysis of each arsenic treatment technology
Book Synopsis Novel Surface Modifications and Materials for Fouling Resistant Water Purification Membranes by : Bryan David McCloskey
Download or read book Novel Surface Modifications and Materials for Fouling Resistant Water Purification Membranes written by Bryan David McCloskey and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major challenge facing widespread implementation of membrane-based water purification is fouling, which results in increased operating costs and reduced membrane lifetime. This thesis focuses on various methods, including novel membrane surface modifications and polymers that resist degradation when exposed to oxidizing agents used as disinfectants, to alleviate membrane fouling. Fouling-resistant ultrafiltration membrane coatings were prepared from poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether-crosslinked chitosan (chi-PEG hybrid). Composite membranes were prepared for oil-water emulsion filtration by coating the most promising chi-PEG hybrid onto a polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane. Optimization of the coating layer thickness led to composite membranes that exhibited water flux values more than 5 times higher than that of uncoated membranes after one day of oily-water crossflow filtration. The organic rejection of the coated membranes was also higher than that of the uncoated polysulfone membranes. Polydopamine (PDOPA) deposition was discovered to reduce fouling in water purification membranes. PDOPA was found to deposit from solution onto virtually any surface. When deposited on water purification membranes, PDOPA rendered the membrane more hydrophilic and less susceptible to fouling. Moreover, covalent binding of other molecules, such as amine-terminated poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), to PDOPA is simple and performed using benign chemicals and conditions. Commercially-available polymeric membranes were modified with polydopamine, and all showed improved fouling resistance while filtering oil-water emulsions. To demonstrate the versatility and ease of PDOPA modification scalability, PDOPA was deposited on entire membrane modules, and the resulting modified module exhibited improved fouling resistance. Finally, high ion rejection, chlorine-tolerant sulfonated polysulfone thin-film composite membranes were prepared and characterized. Interestingly, freestanding thick sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (BPS) films exhibit nearly neutral electrostatic charge, even though sulfonation introduces fixed negative charge into the polymer structure. As a result, charge exclusion ion partitioning is not a dominant rejection mechanism in these films. However, composite membranes prepared from a BPS coating layer and a porous Udel polysulfone support exhibit a negatively charged surface and, presumably, charge exclusion would be a more important partitioning mechanism for these membranes. Therefore, thick BPS films do not exhibit certain drawbacks, such as reduced salt rejection of mixed-valence feeds, that are observed in BPS thin-film composite membranes.
Book Synopsis Membrane Technology and Applications by : Richard W. Baker
Download or read book Membrane Technology and Applications written by Richard W. Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments for the first edition Acknowledgments for the second edition 1 Overview of Membrane Science and Technology 1 2 Membrane Transport Theory 15 3 Membranes and Modules 89 4 Concentration Polarization 161 5 Reverse Osmosis 191 6 Ultrafiltration 237 7 Microfiltration 275 8 Gas Separation 301 9 Pervaporation 355 10 Ion Exchange Membrane Processes - Electrodialysis 393 11 Carrier Facilitated Transport 425 12 Medical Applications of Membranes 465 13 Other Membrane Processes 491 Appendix 523 Index 535.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Industrial Membranes by : K. Scott
Download or read book Handbook of Industrial Membranes written by K. Scott and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1995-12-20 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual contains necessary and useful information and data in an easily accessible format relating to the use of membranes. Membranes are among the most important engineering components in use today, and each year more and more effective uses for membrane technologies are found - for example: water purification, industrial effluent treatment, solvent dehydration by per-vaporation, recovery of volatile organic compounds, protein recovery, bioseparations and many others. The pace of change in the membrane industry has been accelerating rapidly in recent years, occasioned in part by the demand of end-users, but also as a result of the investment in R&D by manufacturers. To reflect these changes the author has obtained the latest information from some of the leading suppliers in the business. In one complete volume this unique handbook gives practical guidance to using selected membrane processes in individual industries while also providing a useful guide to equipment selection and usage.
Book Synopsis Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration by : Zeman
Download or read book Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration written by Zeman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrates knowledge on microfiltration and ultrification, membrane chemistry, and characterization methods with the engineering and economic aspects of device performance, device and module design, processes, and applications. The text provides a discussion of membrane fundamentals and an analytical framework for designing and developing new filtrations systems for a broad range of technologically important functions. It offers information on membrane liquid precursors, fractal and stochastic pore space analysis, novel and advanced module designs, and original process design calculations.
