Mafia State

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Publisher : Faber & Faber
ISBN 13 : 1783352531
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Mafia State by : Luke Harding

Download or read book Mafia State written by Luke Harding and published by Faber & Faber. This book was released on 2021-07-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Award-winning journalist and bestselling author Luke Harding's haunting, brilliant account of the insidious methods used against him by a resurgent Kremlin which led to him becoming the first western reporter to be deported from Russia since the days of the Cold War. FEATURING A NEW FOREWORD FROM THE AUTHOR 'A courageous and explosive exposé.' ORLANDO FIGES 'Luke Harding is one of the best reporters in the world.' ROBERT SAVIANO 'An essential read.' NEW STATESMAN In 2007, Luke Harding arrived in Moscow to take up a new job as a correspondent for the British newspaper the Guardian. Within months, mysterious agents from Russia's Federal Security Service - the successor to the KGB - had broken into his flat. He found himself tailed by men in cheap leather jackets, bugged, and even summoned to Lefortovo, the KGB's notorious prison. The break-in was the beginning of an extraordinary psychological war against the journalist and his family. Vladimir Putin's spies used tactics developed by the KGB and perfected in the 1970s by the Stasi, East Germany's sinister secret police. This clandestine campaign burst into the open in 2011 when the Kremlin expelled Harding from Moscow. Luke Harding's Mafia State gives a unique, personal and compelling portrait of today's Russia, two decades after the end of communism, that reads like a spy thriller.

Post-Communist Mafia State

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Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155513546
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Communist Mafia State by : B lint Magyar

Download or read book Post-Communist Mafia State written by B lint Magyar and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections, the Hungarian political party Fidesz removed many of the institutional obstacles of exerting power. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. In a new approach the author characterizes the system as the ?organized over-world?, the ?state employing mafia methods? and the ?adopted political family', applying these categories not as metaphors but elements of a coherent conceptual framework. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are closely aligned with the interests of power and wealth concentrated in the hands of a small group of insiders. While the traditional mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of influence by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The innovative conceptual framework of the book is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules. ÿ

Twenty-Five Sides of a Post-Communist Mafia State

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Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155513627
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Twenty-Five Sides of a Post-Communist Mafia State by : Balint Magyar

Download or read book Twenty-Five Sides of a Post-Communist Mafia State written by Balint Magyar and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-five essays accompany, illustrate and underpin the conceptual framework elaborated in Post-Communist Mafia State, published in conjunction with this volume. Leading specialists analyze the manifestations of the current political regime in Hungary from twenty-five angles. Topics discussed include the ideology, constitutional issues, social policy, the judiciary, foreign relations, nationalism, media, memory politics, corruption, civil society, education, culture and so on. Beyond the basic features of the economy the domains of taxation, banking system, energy policies and the agriculture are treated in dedicated studies. The essays are based on detailed empirical investigation about conditions in today?s Hungary. They nevertheless contribute to the exploration of the characteristic features of post-communist authoritarian regimes, shared by an increasing number of countries in Europe and Central Asia.ÿ Joint publication with Noran Libro, Budapestÿ ÿ

The Japanese Mafia

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191531499
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Japanese Mafia by : Peter B. E. Hill

Download or read book The Japanese Mafia written by Peter B. E. Hill and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese mafia - known collectively as yakuza - has had a considerable influence on Japanese society over the past fifty years. Based on extensive interviews with criminals, police officers, lawyers, journalists, and academics, this is the first academic analysis in English of Japan's criminal syndicates. Peter Hill argues that the essential characteristic of Japan's criminal syndicates is their provision of protection to consumers in Japan's under- and upper-worlds. In this respect they are analogous to the Sicilian Mafia, and the mafias of Russia, Hong Kong and the United States. Although the yakuza's protective mafia role has existed at least since the end of the Second World War, and arguably longer, their sources of income have not remained constant. The yakuza have undergone considerable change in their business activities over the last half-century. The two key factors driving this evolution have been the changes in the legal, and law-enforcement environment within which these groups must operate, and the economic opportunities available to them. This first factor demonstrates that the complex and ambiguous relationship between the yakuza and the state has always been more than purely symbiotic. With the introduction of the boryokudan (yakuza) countermeasures law in 1992, the relationship between the yakuza and the state has become more unambiguously antagonistic. Assessing the impact of this law is, however, problematic; the contemporaneous bursting of Japan's economic bubble at the beginning of the 1990s also profoundly and adversely influenced yakuza sources of income. It is impossible to completely disentangle the effects of these two events. By the end of the twentieth century, the outlook for the yakuza was bleak and offered no short-term prospect of amelioration. More profoundly, state-expropriation of protection markets formerly dominated by the yakuza suggests that the longer-term prospects for these groups are bleaker still: no longer, therefore, need the yakuza be seen as an inevitable and necessary evil.

Gangster State

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Publisher : Penguin Books (SA) (Pty) Ltd
ISBN 13 : 9781776093748
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (937 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangster State by : Pieter-Louis Myburgh

Download or read book Gangster State written by Pieter-Louis Myburgh and published by Penguin Books (SA) (Pty) Ltd. This book was released on 2019 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of Cyril Ramaphosa’s ‘new dawn’; there are powerful forces in the ruling party that risk losing everything if corruption and state capture finally do come to an end. At the centre of the old guard’s fightback efforts is Ace Magashule; a man viewed by some as South Africa’s most dangerous politician. In this explosive book; investigative journalist Pieter-Louis Myburgh ventures deeper than ever before into Magashule’s murky dealings; from his time as a struggle activist in the 1980s to his powerful rule as premier of the Free State province for nearly a decade; and his rise to one of the ANC’s most influential positions. Sifting through heaps of records; documents and exclusive source interviews; Myburgh explores Magashule’s relationship with the notorious Gupta family and other tender moguls; investigates government projects costing billions that enriched his friends and family but failed the poor; reveals how he was about to be arrested by the Scorpions before their disbandment in the late 2000s; and exposes the methods used to keep him in power in the Free State and to secure him the post of ANC secretary-general. Most tellingly; Myburgh pieces together a pack of leaked emails and documents to reveal shocking new details on a massive Free State government contract and Magashule’s dealings with a businessman who was gunned down in Sandton in 2017. These files seem to lay bare the methods of a man who usually operated without leaving a trace. Gangster State is an unflinching examination of the ANC’s top leadership in the post– Jacob Zuma era; one that should lead readers to a disconcerting conclusion: When it comes to the forces of capture; South Africa is still far from safe.

Gangster State

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788194970750
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangster State by : Sourjya Bhowmick

Download or read book Gangster State written by Sourjya Bhowmick and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Post-Communist Mafia State

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Author :
Publisher : Central European University Press
ISBN 13 : 6155513554
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Communist Mafia State by : Bálint Magyar

Download or read book Post-Communist Mafia State written by Bálint Magyar and published by Central European University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-10 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an article in 2001 the author analyzed the way Fidesz, the party on government for the first time then, was eliminating the institutional system of the rule of law. At that time, many readers doubted the legitimacy of the new approach, whose key categories were the 'organized over-world', the 'state employing mafia methods' and the 'adopted political family'. Critics considered these categories metaphors rather than elements of a coherent conceptual framework. Ten years later Fidesz won a two-third majority in Parliament at the 2010 elections: the institutional obstacles of exerting power were thus largely removed. Just like the party, the state itself was placed under the control of a single individual, who since then has applied the techniques used within his party to enforce submission and obedience onto society as a whole. While in many post-communist systems a segment of the party and secret service became the elite in possession of not only political power but also of wealth, Fidesz, as a late-coming new political predator, was able to occupy this position through an aggressive change of elite. The actions of the post-communist mafia state model are led by the logic of power and wealth concentration in the hands of the clan. But while the classical mafia channeled wealth and economic players into its spheres of interest by means of direct coercion, the mafia state does the same by means of parliamentary legislation, legal prosecution, tax authority, police forces and secret service. The new conceptual framework is important and timely not only for Hungary, but also for other post-communist countries subjected to autocratic rules.

Expelled: A Journalist's Descent into the Russian Mafia State

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Publisher : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 : 1137048387
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Expelled: A Journalist's Descent into the Russian Mafia State by : Luke Harding

Download or read book Expelled: A Journalist's Descent into the Russian Mafia State written by Luke Harding and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2012-05-22 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2007 Luke Harding arrived in Moscow to take up a new job as a correspondent for the British newspaper, The Guardian. Within months, mysterious agents from Russia's Federal Security Service --the successor to the KGB--had broken into his apartment. He found himself tailed by men in leather jackets, bugged, and even summoned to the KGB's notorious prison, Lefortovo. The break-in was the beginning of an extraordinary psychological war against the journalist and his family. Windows left open in his children's bedroom, secret police agents tailing Harding on the street, and customs agents harassing the family as they left and entered the country became the norm. The campaign of persecution burst into the open in 2011 when the Kremlin expelled Harding from Moscow--the first western reporter to be deported from Russia since the days of the Cold War. Expelled is a brilliant and haunting account of the insidious methods used by a resurgent Kremlin against its so-called "enemies"--human rights workers, western diplomats, journalists and opposition activists. It includes illuminating diplomatic cables which describe Russia as a "virtual mafia state". Harding gives a personal and compelling portrait of Russia that--in its bid to remain a superpower--is descending into a corrupt police state.

Mafia

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Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 006198647X
Total Pages : 946 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis Mafia by : Sam Giancana

Download or read book Mafia written by Sam Giancana and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-11-04 with total page 946 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some time in the early 1960s, during the golden age of organized crime in America—the era that would inspire The Godfather; Goodfellas, and even The Sopranos—federal investigators pulled every known piece of information on more than 800 Mafia members worldwide into a thick, phone-book-sized directory. From old-school gangsters like Lucky Luciano and Mickey Cohen to young turks like Paul Castellano and Vinny "The Chin" Gigante, the guide offered at-a-glance profiles of small-time thugs and major dons alike... and was allegedly the book Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy used to investigate the mob. Recently discovered, and published for the first time in this facsimile edition, Mafia is a treasure trove of info on the underworld in mid-century America—a revelatory artifact and an irresistible read.

Gangsterismo

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Publisher : OR Books
ISBN 13 : 1935928902
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangsterismo by : Jack Colhoun

Download or read book Gangsterismo written by Jack Colhoun and published by OR Books. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gangsterismo is an extraordinary accomplishment, the most comprehensive history yet of the clash of epic forces over several decades in Cuba. It is a chronicle that touches upon deep and ongoing themes in the history of the Americas, and more specifically of the United States government, Cuba before and after the revolution, and the criminal networks known as the Mafia. The result of 18 years’ research at national archives and presidential libraries in Kansas, Maryland, Texas, and Massachusetts, here is the story of the making and unmaking of a gangster state in Cuba. In the early 1930s, mobster Meyer Lansky sowed the seeds of gangsterismo when he won Cuban strongman Fulgencio Batista’s support for a mutually beneficial arrangement: the North American Mafia were to share the profits from a future colony of casinos, hotels, and nightclubs with Batista, his inner circle, and senior Cuban Army and police officers. In return, Cuban authorities allowed the Mafia to operate its establishments without interference. Over the next twenty-five years, a gangster state took root in Cuba as Batista, other corrupt Cuban politicians, and senior Cuban army and police officers got rich. All was going swimmingly until a handful of revolutionaries upended the neat arrangement: and the CIA, Cuban counterrevolutionaries, and the Mafia joined forces to attempt the overthrow of Castro. Gangsterismo is unique in the literature on Cuba, and establishes for the first time the integral, extensive role of mobsters in the Cuban exile movement. The narrative unfolds against a broader historical backdrop of which it was a part: the confrontation between the United States and the Cuban revolution, which turned Cuba into one of the most perilous battlegrounds of the Cold War. ……………………………… “The anti-communist hysteria generated by the Cold War frequently unhinged the policy judgments of US government officials in many areas, but nowhere so completely as in our relations with Cuba. This conclusion is inescapable as Gangsterismo brilliantly unravels the bizarre tale of the Mafia army the Kennedy brothers recruited in their manic determination to rid Cuba of Castro, that vexing, seemingly indomitable Communist.” —Martin J. Sherwin, co-winner of the Pulitzer Prize (together with Kai Bird) for American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer “What is shocking is not what is new, but how much that is old – already on the record in presidential and other archives, CIA and FBI files, memoirs and histories – in Jack Colhoun’s Gangsterismo. Drawing on the National Security Archives, papers and books, public and private, he damningly documents the pathetic, incompetent and sometimes comic, but always inappropriate and anti-democratic, attempts by the CIA and/or its confederates, working in tandem with members of the mob, to assassinate Castro and overthrow the Cuban revolution.” —Victor S. Navasky, publisher emeritus, The Nation; professor, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism “Gangsterismo is an invaluable addition to our background knowledge about that small island nation that has incurred so much devotion and ire from U.S. Americans. Books about Cuba abound, but this one lays bare an often forgotten pre-revolutionary history of U.S.-based organized crime, and subsequent hidden U.S. government covert action. Colhoun has done his homework. This is a must-read.” —Margaret Randall, author of To Change the World: My Years in Cuba “Few aspects of Cuba-U.S. relations have so doggedly resisted serious inquiry as the subject of organized crime in Cuba. Much of what we know has reached us by way of popular culture, principally through film and fiction, to which the subject of the underworld in the tropics so aptly lends itself. Colhoun represents a breakthrough: serious scholarship on a serious subject. He casts light upon one of the darkest recesses of a dark history, calling attention to the convergence of interests between the underworld of criminal activity and nether world of covert operations – and reveals in the process that film and fiction have actually only scratched the surface of a sordid story.” —Louis A. Pérez, Jr.editor, Cuba Journal; professor of history, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Gangsters and Other Statesmen

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Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069120005X
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangsters and Other Statesmen by : Danilo Mandić

Download or read book Gangsters and Other Statesmen written by Danilo Mandić and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How global organized crime shapes the politics of borders in modern conflicts Separatism has been on the rise across the world since the end of the Cold War, dividing countries through political strife, ethnic conflict, and civil war, and redrawing the political map. Gangsters and Other Statesmen examines the role transnational mafias play in the success and failure of separatist movements, challenging conventional wisdom about the interrelation of organized crime with peacebuilding, nationalism, and state making. Danilo Mandić conducted fieldwork in the disputed territories of Kosovo and South Ossetia, talking to mobsters, separatists, and policymakers in war zones and along major smuggling routes. In this timely and provocative book, he demonstrates how globalized mafias shape the politics of borders in torn states, shedding critical light on an autonomous nonstate actor that has been largely sidelined by considerations of geopolitics, state-centered agency, and ethnonationalism. Blending extensive archival sleuthing and original ethnographic data with insights from sociology and other disciplines, Mandić argues that organized crime can be a fateful determinant of state capacity, separatist success, and ethnic conflict. Putting mafias at the center of global processes of separatism and territorial consolidation, Gangsters and Other Statesmen raises vital questions and urges reconsideration of a host of separatist cases in West Africa, the Middle East, and East Europe.

Mafia Organizations

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108750931
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Mafia Organizations by : Maurizio Catino

Download or read book Mafia Organizations written by Maurizio Catino and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do mafias work? How do they recruit people, control members, conduct legal and illegal business, and use violence? Why do they establish such a complex mix of rituals, rules, and codes of conduct? And how do they differ? Why do some mafias commit many more murders than others? This book makes sense of mafias as organizations, via a collative analysis of historical accounts, official data, investigative sources, and interviews. Catino presents a comparative study of seven mafias around the world, from three Italian mafias to the American Cosa Nostra, Japanese Yakuza, Chinese Triads, and Russian mafia. He identifies the organizational architecture that characterizes these criminal groups, and relates different organizational models to the use of violence. Furthermore, he advances a theory on the specific functionality of mafia rules and discusses the major organizational dilemmas that mafias face. This book shows that understanding the organizational logic of mafias is an indispensable step in confronting them.

Gangster Government

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1596982047
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (969 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangster Government by : David Freddoso

Download or read book Gangster Government written by David Freddoso and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: And in this new and stunning book, New York Times best-selling author David Freddoso (The Case Against Barack Obama) provides the much-needed exposé of an administration that has brought Chicago-style corruption and strong-arm politics to Washington, looking to reward its friends (the unions, federal workers, and other liberal interest groups) and punish its enemies (the private sector workers and taxpayers who foot the bill for Obama¹s massive expansion of the federal government).

Gangster States

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Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9781137490285
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangster States by : K. Hirschfeld

Download or read book Gangster States written by K. Hirschfeld and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2015-02-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author draws on behavioral ecology to predict the evolution of organized crime in unregulated systems of exchange and the further development of racketeer economies into unstable kleptocratic states. The result is a new model that explains the expansion and contraction of political-economic complexity in prehistoric and contemporary societies.

Mafias on the Move

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691158010
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Mafias on the Move by : Federico Varese

Download or read book Mafias on the Move written by Federico Varese and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organized crime is spreading like a global virus as mobs take advantage of open borders to establish local franchises at will. This book argues that mafiosi often find themselves abroad against their will, rather than through a strategic plan to colonizethe territories.

History of the Mafia

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Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231505396
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis History of the Mafia by : Salvatore Lupo

Download or read book History of the Mafia written by Salvatore Lupo and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When we think of the Italian Mafia, we think of Marlon Brando, Tony Soprano, and the Corleones iconic actors and characters who give shady dealings a mythical pop presence. Yet these sensational depictions take us only so far. The true story of the Mafia reveals both an organization and mindset dedicated to the preservation of tradition. It is no accident that the rise of the Mafia coincided with the unification of Italy and the influx of immigrants into America. The Mafia means more than a horse head under the sheets it functions as an alternative to the state, providing its own social and political justice. Combining a nuanced history with a unique counternarrative concerning stereotypes of the immigrant, Salvatore Lupo, a leading historian of modern Italy and a major authority on its criminal history, has written the definitive account of the Sicilian Mafia from 1860 to the present. Consulting rare archival sources, he traces the web of associations, both illicit and legitimate, that have defined Cosa Nostra during its various incarnations. He focuses on several crucial periods of transition: the Italian unification of 1860 to 1861, the murder of noted politician Notarbartolo, fascist repression of the Mafia, the Allied invasion of 1943, social conflicts after each world war, and the major murders and trials of the 1980s. Lupo identifies the internal cultural codes that define the Mafia and places these codes within the context of social groups and communities. He also challenges the belief that the Mafia has grown more ruthless in recent decades. Rather than representing a shift from "honorable" crime to immoral drug trafficking and violence, Lupo argues the terroristic activities of the modern Mafia signify a new desire for visibility and a distinct break from the state. Where these pursuits will take the family adds a fascinating coda to Lupo's work.

Fascism and the Mafia

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780300043723
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis Fascism and the Mafia by : Christopher Duggan

Download or read book Fascism and the Mafia written by Christopher Duggan and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sicilian mafia is a subject of endless fascination, but few serious books have been written about it. In this provocative work, Christopher Duggan argues that the idea of the mafia is a fiction, born of political calculation and genuine misunderstanding of the behaviour of Sicilians. The first part of the book looks at the development of the idea of the mafia from the 1860s, when the term first appeared, to the Second World War. Although all serious observers realised that there was no organised criminal society in Sicily, Duggan explains why the idea was perpetuated. When the island became part of unified Italy in 1860, hostility to the new state was claimed by officials to be criminally inspired, and they spoke for the first time of 'the Mafia'. The distinctive values of the Sicilians, such as their belief in private justice and unwillingness to cooperate with the police, reinforced the idea of a secret criminal society. From then on, many of Sicily's political and social problems were attributed to this mythical organisation. In the second part of the book, to illustrate the general observations made in the first, Duggan provides a detailed study of the repressive campaign conducted by the fascist government against the mafia in the 1920s. Making use of private papers, police files, and trial proceedings, he concludes that the mafia was primarily an idea exploited for political ends, and that its use only strengthened many Sicilians' deep mistrust of the state. This lively book is a penetrating account of the origins of the mafia myth and the first study of the impact of fascism on Sicily. It will be of great interest to historians of modern Italy, to anthropologists, and to criminologists, as well as to those who are actively engaged in the fight against organised crime. Christopher Duggan was a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, and Lecturer in Italian History and Director of the Centre for the Advanced Study of Italian Society at Reading University. He is co-author, with Denis Mack Smith and Moses Finley, of 'A History of Sicily' (1986).