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Low Flow Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning
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Book Synopsis Low-flow Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning by : Eric Kozubal
Download or read book Low-flow Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning written by Eric Kozubal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dehumidification or latent cooling in buildings is an area of growing interest that has been identified as needing more research and improved technologies for higher performance. Heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems typically expend excessive energy by using overcool-and-reheat strategies to dehumidify buildings. These systems first overcool ventilation air to remove moisture and then reheat the air to meet comfort requirements. Another common strategy incorporates solid desiccant rotors that remove moisture from the air more efficiently; however, these systems increase fan energy consumption because of the high airside pressure drop of solid desiccant rotors and can add heat of absorption to the ventilation air. Alternatively, liquid desiccant air-conditioning (LDAC) technology provides an innovative dehumidification solution that: (1) eliminates the need for overcooling and reheating from traditional cooling systems; and (2) avoids the increased fan energy and air heating from solid desiccant rotor systems.
Book Synopsis Low-Flow Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioning: Demonstrated Performance and Cost Implications by :
Download or read book Low-Flow Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioning: Demonstrated Performance and Cost Implications written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooling loads must be dramatically reduced when designing net-zero energy buildings or other highly efficient facilities. Advances in this area have focused primarily on reducing a building's sensible cooling loads by improving the envelope, integrating properly sized daylighting systems, adding exterior solar shading devices, and reducing internal heat gains. As sensible loads decrease,however, latent loads remain relatively constant, and thus become a greater fraction of the overall cooling requirement in highly efficient building designs, particularly in humid climates. This shift toward latent cooling is a challenge for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. Traditional systems typically dehumidify by first overcooling air below the dew-pointtemperature and then reheating it to an appropriate supply temperature, which requires an excessive amount of energy. Another dehumidification strategy incorporates solid desiccant rotors that remove water from air more efficiently; however, these systems are large and increase fan energy consumption due to the increased airside pressure drop of solid desiccant rotors. A third dehumidificationstrategy involves high flow liquid desiccant systems. These systems require a high maintenance separator to protect the air distribution system from corrosive desiccant droplet carryover and so are more commonly used in industrial applications and rarely in commercial buildings. Both solid desiccant systems and most high-flow liquid desiccant systems (if not internally cooled) add sensibleenergy which must later be removed to the air stream during dehumidification, through the release of sensible heat during the sorption process.
Book Synopsis Low-Flow Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning by :
Download or read book Low-Flow Liquid Desiccant Air Conditioning written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dehumidification or latent cooling in buildings is an area of growing interest that has been identified as needing more research and improved technologies for higher performance. Heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems typically expend excessive energy by using overcool-and-reheat strategies to dehumidify buildings. These systems first overcool ventilation air to remove moisture and then reheat the air to meet comfort requirements. Another common strategy incorporates solid desiccant rotors that remove moisture from the air more efficiently; however, these systems increase fan energy consumption because of the high airside pressure drop of solid desiccant rotors and can add heat of absorption to the ventilation air. Alternatively, liquid desiccant air-conditioning (LDAC) technology provides an innovative dehumidification solution that: (1) eliminates the need for overcooling and reheating from traditional cooling systems; and (2) avoids the increased fan energy and air heating from solid desiccant rotor systems.
Book Synopsis Low-flow Desiccant Air-conditioning by : Eric Kozubal
Download or read book Low-flow Desiccant Air-conditioning written by Eric Kozubal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooling loads must be dramatically reduced when designing net-zero energy buildings or other highly efficient facilities. Advances in this area have focused primarily on reducing a building's sensible cooling loads by improving the envelope, integrating properly sized daylighting systems, adding exterior solar shading devices, and reducing internal heat gains. As sensible loads decrease, however, latent loads remain relatively constant, and thus become a greater fraction of the overall cooling requirement in highly efficient building designs, particularly in humid climates. This shift toward latent cooling is a challenge for heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. Traditional systems typically dehumidify by first overcooling air below the dew-point temperature and then reheating it to an appropriate supply temperature, which requires an excessive amount of energy. Another dehumidification strategy incorporates solid desiccant rotors that remove water from air more efficiently; however, these systems are large and increase fan energy consumption due to the increased airside pressure drop of solid desiccant rotors. A third dehumidification strategy involves high flow liquid desiccant systems. These systems require a high maintenance separator to protect the air distribution system from corrosive desiccant droplet carryover and so are more commonly used in industrial applications and rarely in commercial buildings. Both solid desiccant systems and most high-flow liquid desiccant systems (if not internally cooled) add sensible energy which must later be removed to the air stream during dehumidification, through the release of sensible heat during the sorption process.
Author :Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1447155653 Total Pages :281 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (471 download)
Book Synopsis Desiccant-Assisted Cooling by : Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega
Download or read book Desiccant-Assisted Cooling written by Carlos Eduardo Leme Nóbrega and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing concern with indoor air quality has led to air-quality standards with increased ventilation rates. Although increasing the volume flow rate of outside air is advisable from the perspective of air-quality, it is detrimental to energy consumption, since the outside air has to be brought to the comfort condition before it is insufflated to the conditioned ambient. Moreover, the humidity load carried within outside air has challenging HVAC engineers to design cooling units which are able to satisfactorily handle both sensible and latent contributions to the thermal load. This constitutes a favorable scenario for the use of solid desiccants to assist the cooling units. In fact, desiccant wheels have been increasingly applied by HVAC designers, allowing distinct processes for the air cooling and dehumidification. In fact, the ability of solid desiccants in moisture removal is effective enough to allow the use of evaporative coolers, in opposition to the traditional vapor-compression cycle, resulting in an ecologically sound system which uses only water as the refrigerant. Desiccant Assisted Cooling: Fundamentals and Applications presents different approaches to the mathematical modeling and simulation of desiccant wheels, as well as applications in thermal comfort and humidity controlled environments. Experts in the field discuss topics from enthalpy, lumped models for heat and mass transfer, and desiccant assisted radiant cooling systems, among others. Aimed at air-conditioning engineers and thermal engineering researchers, this book can also be used by graduate level students and lecturers in the field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Air Conditioning Technologies by : Chua Kian Jon
Download or read book Advances in Air Conditioning Technologies written by Chua Kian Jon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-21 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights key recent developments in air conditioning technologies for cooling and dehumidification with the specific objectives to improve energy efficiency and to minimize environmental impact. Today, air conditioning, comprising cooling and dehumidification, is a necessity in commercial and residential buildings and even in many industrial processes. This book provides key update on recent developments in air conditioning systems, cooling cycles and innovative cooling/dehumidification technologies. Key technologies related to cooling include heat-driven absorption and adsorption cooling and water-based dew point evaporative cooling. Technologies connected with dehumidification involve new generations of adsorbent–desiccant dehumidifiers, liquid-based desiccants and membranes that sieve out water vapor from air. Losses in cooling cycles and thermo-economic analysis for a sustainable economy are also judiciously documented.
Book Synopsis Desiccant Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Systems by : Napoleon Enteria
Download or read book Desiccant Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Systems written by Napoleon Enteria and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the necessary fundamental knowledge in the research, development, design, selection, and application of desiccant heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning systems. It covers the established installations in different climatic conditions and building types. In addition, advanced performance evaluation techniques are presented, covering thermodynamic, economic, and environmental aspects. Hence, the book is an important resource for undergraduate and graduate students, design and installation engineers, researchers and scientists, building owners and occupants, and energy and environmental policy makers.
Book Synopsis Advances in Solar Heating and Cooling by : Ruzhu Wang
Download or read book Advances in Solar Heating and Cooling written by Ruzhu Wang and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Solar Heating and Cooling presents new information on the growing concerns about climate change, the security of energy supplies, and the ongoing interest in replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. The amount of energy used for heating and cooling is very significant, estimated, for example, as half of final energy consumption in Europe. Solar thermal installations have the potential to meet a large proportion of the heating and cooling needs of both buildings and industry and the number of solar thermal installations is increasing rapidly. This book provides an authoritative review of the latest research in solar heating and cooling technologies and applications. Provides researchers in academia and industry with an authoritative overview of heating and cooling for buildings and industry in one convenient volume Part III, ‘Solar cooling technologies’ is contributed by authors from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, which is a world-leader in this area Covers advanced applications from zero-energy buildings, through industrial process heat to district heating and cooling
Book Synopsis Analysis of the Seasonal Performance of Hybrid Liquid Desiccant Cooling Systems by : Friedrich Sick
Download or read book Analysis of the Seasonal Performance of Hybrid Liquid Desiccant Cooling Systems written by Friedrich Sick and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Temperature and Humidity Independent Control (THIC) of Air-conditioning System by : Xiaohua Liu
Download or read book Temperature and Humidity Independent Control (THIC) of Air-conditioning System written by Xiaohua Liu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-16 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature and Humidity Independent Control (THIC) of Air-conditioning System focuses on temperature and humidity independent control (THIC) systems, which represents a new concept and new approach for indoor environmental control. This book presents the main components of the THIC systems, including dehumidification devices, high-temperature cooling devices and indoor terminal devices. Other relevant issues, such as operation and control strategy and case studies, are also included. This book is intended for air-conditioning system designers and engineers as well as researchers working with indoor environments. Xiaohua Liu is an associate professor at the Building Energy Research Center, Tsinghua University, China. Yi Jiang is a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the director of the Building Energy Research Center, Tsinghua University, China and the director of the China-USA Joint Research Center on Clean Energy. Tao Zhang is a Ph.D. candidate at the Building Energy Research Center, Tsinghua University, China.
Book Synopsis Stand Alone Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioning Systems by : Ritunesh Kumar
Download or read book Stand Alone Liquid Desiccant Air-Conditioning Systems written by Ritunesh Kumar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving comfortable indoor environment with the use of renewable energy or waste heat with minimal carbon footprint is a major challenge in the field of air-conditioning. Liquid desiccant system (LDS) seem to be a promising technology. They can be used either as stand alone units or coupled with conventional vapor compression systems (Hybrid liquid desiccant system) for various applications involving dehumidification of air. Hybrid liquid desiccant systems have got more attention due to their higher COPs, lower regeneration temperature and better control over the supply conditions. However, it would be desirable to develop high performance stand alone liquid desiccant systems (SALDS) as they operate primarily on heat and require electricity only for driving the air blowers and liquid pumps. Developing novel designs of the absorber and the regenerator, and new thermodynamic cycles enabling use of SALDS are the prime themes of this book.
Author :American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers Publisher : ISBN 13 :9781936504527 Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (45 download)
Book Synopsis District/Central Solar Hot Water Systems Design Guide by : American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
Download or read book District/Central Solar Hot Water Systems Design Guide written by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The District/Central Solar Water Heating Systems Design Guide provides recommendations on optimal and reliable configurations of solar water heating systems in different climates, with design specifications, planning principles, and guidelines for these systems. The guidelines are complemented by numerous case studies of successfully implemented solar supported thermal networks along with results of exemplary simulations of different system options based on real world scenarios. This book also discusses the benefits and disadvantages of large-scale centralized versus decentralized solar thermal systems. The guide was developed by government, institutional, and private-sector parties funded by the U.S. Army Installations Management Command (IMCOM), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), and the U.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Management Program (DOE FEMP), and reviewed and approved by ASHRAE Technical Committee (TC) 6.7, Solar Energy Utilization.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Hybrid Liquid Desiccant Cooling Systems by : Thomas Karl Buschulte
Download or read book Analysis of Hybrid Liquid Desiccant Cooling Systems written by Thomas Karl Buschulte and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications by : Theo Elmer
Download or read book A Novel SOFC Tri-generation System for Building Applications written by Theo Elmer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-18 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thesis has critically examined, both theoretically and experimentally, a novel tri-generation system concept - with encouraging system performance demonstrated. The thesis establishes the significant potential of the novel tri-generation system in providing effective built environment decarbonisation through decentralised generation; strengthening the case for a future hydrogen economy. In response to the critical need to decarbonise the built environment, alternative methods for more effective energy utilisation need to be explored including tri-generation systems. The thesis presents the design, development and testing of a novel proof-of-concept tri-generation system based on solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and liquid desiccant air conditioning technology to provide electricity, heating and cooling to building applications. No previous work has been reported on such a system. The theme of the work sits within the topics of low-carbon and sustainable energy technologies, building services and low carbon building applications.
Book Synopsis Solar-powered, Liquid-desiccant Air Conditioner for Low-electricity Humidity Control by : Jesse Dean
Download or read book Solar-powered, Liquid-desiccant Air Conditioner for Low-electricity Humidity Control written by Jesse Dean and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this project was to demonstrate the capabilities of a new high-performance, liquid-desiccant dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) to enhance cooling efficiency and comfort in humid climates while substantially reducing electric peak demand at Tyndall Air Force Base (AFB), which is 12 miles east of Panama City, Florida.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Air Conditioning Systems by : Chaouki Ghenai
Download or read book Sustainable Air Conditioning Systems written by Chaouki Ghenai and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air conditioning system is one of the major consumers of electrical energy in many parts of the world today. It represents between 40 and 70% of the energy consumption in commercial buildings. The demand of energy for air conditioning systems is expected to increase further in the next decades due to the population growth, the new economic boom, and the urbanization development. The rapid growth of air conditioning and electricity consumption will contribute further to climate change if fossil and nonrenewable resources are used. More energy-efficient and renewable energy-based air conditioning systems to accomplish space cooling are needed. This book intends to provide the reader with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art in sustainable air conditioning technologies and focus on the most recent research and development on green air conditioning systems including energy-efficient and renewable energy-based air conditioning systems.
Book Synopsis High Efficiency Liquid-Desiccant Regenerator for Air Conditioning and Industrial Drying by : Andrew Lowenstein
Download or read book High Efficiency Liquid-Desiccant Regenerator for Air Conditioning and Industrial Drying written by Andrew Lowenstein and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 2 quads of fossil fuels are used each year for moisture removal. This includes industrial and agricultural processes where feedstocks and final products must be dried, as well as comfort conditioning of indoor spaces where the control of humidity is essential to maintaining healthy, productive and comfortable working conditions. Desiccants, materials that have a high affinity for water vapor, can greatly reduce energy use for both drying and dehumidification. An opportunity exists to greatly improve the competitiveness of advanced liquid-desiccant systems by increasing the efficiency of their regenerators. It is common practice within the chemical process industry to use multiple stage boilers to improve the efficiency of thermal separation processes. The energy needed to regenerate a liquid desiccant, which is a thermal separation process, can also be reduced by using a multiple stage boiler. In this project, a two-stage regenerator was developed in which the first stage is a boiler and the second stage is a scavenging-air regenerator. The only energy input to this regenerator is the natural gas that fires the boiler. The steam produced in the boiler provides the thermal energy to run the second-stage scavenging-air regenerator. This two-stage regenerator is referred to as a 1?-effect regenerator. A model of the high-temperature stage of a 1?-effect regenerator for liquid desiccants was designed, built and successfully tested. At nominal operating conditions (i.e., 2.35 gpm of 36% lithium chloride solution, 307,000 Btu/h firing rate), the boiler removed 153 lb/h of water from the desiccant at a gas-based efficiency of 52.9 % (which corresponds to a COP of 0.95 when a scavenging-air regenerator is added). The steam leaving the boiler, when condensed, had a solids concentration of less than 10 ppm. This low level of solids in the condensate places an upper bound of about 6 lb per year for desiccant loss from the regenerator. This low loss will not create maintenance problems nor will it significantly increase operating expenses. An energy balance on the boiler showed that heat loss through the insulated jacket was 10%. This value is much higher than the 2% to 5% that is typical of most boilers and indicates a need to better insulate the unit. With insulation that brings jacket losses down to 5%, a 1?-effect regenerator that uses this boiler as its high-temperature stage will have a gas-based COP of 1.05. The estimated cost to manufacture a 300-lb/h, 1?-effect regenerator at 500 units per year is $17,140. Unfortunately, the very high cost for natural gas that now prevails in the U.S. makes it very difficult for a gas-fired LDAC to compete against an electric vapor-compression air conditioner in HVAC applications. However, there are important industrial markets that need very dry air where the high price of natural gas will encourage the sale of a LDAC with the 1?-effect regenerator since in these markets it competes against less efficient gas-fired desiccant technologies. A manufacturer of industrial dehumidification equipment is now negotiating a sales agreement with us that would include the 1?-effect regenerator.
