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Author : Stephen Guisinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Long-term Trends in Income Distribution in Pakistan written by Stephen Guisinger and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Stephen Guisinger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (838 download)
Download or read book Long-term Trends in Income Distribution in Pakistan & Stephen Guisinger and Norman L. Hicks written by Stephen Guisinger and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ms.Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513547437
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality written by Ms.Era Dabla-Norris and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the extent of income inequality from a global perspective, its drivers, and what to do about it. The drivers of inequality vary widely amongst countries, with some common drivers being the skill premium associated with technical change and globalization, weakening protection for labor, and lack of financial inclusion in developing countries. We find that increasing the income share of the poor and the middle class actually increases growth while a rising income share of the top 20 percent results in lower growth—that is, when the rich get richer, benefits do not trickle down. This suggests that policies need to be country specific but should focus on raising the income share of the poor, and ensuring there is no hollowing out of the middle class. To tackle inequality, financial inclusion is imperative in emerging and developing countries while in advanced economies, policies should focus on raising human capital and skills and making tax systems more progressive.
Author : Azad Jeetun
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (793 download)
Download or read book Trends in Inequality of Income Distribution in Pakistan written by Azad Jeetun and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Theo S. Eicher
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262550644
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Inequality and Growth written by Theo S. Eicher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-01-26 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even minute increases in a country's growth rate can result in dramatic changes in living standards over just one generation. The benefits of growth, however, may not be shared equally. Some may gain less than others, and a fraction of the population may actually be disadvantaged. Recent economic research has found both positive and negative relationships between growth and inequality across nations. The questions raised by these results include: What is the impact on inequality of policies designed to foster growth? Does inequality by itself facilitate or detract from economic growth, and does it amplify or diminish policy effectiveness? This book provides a forum for economists to examine the theoretical, empirical, and policy issues involved in the relationship between growth and inequality. The aim is to develop a framework for determining the role of public policy in enhancing both growth and equality. The diverse range of topics, examined in both developed and developing countries, includes natural resources, taxation, fertility, redistribution, technological change, transition, labor markets, and education. A theme common to all the essays is the importance of education in reducing inequality and increasing growth.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264044191
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Growing Unequal? Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10-21 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides evidence of a fairly generalised increase in income inequality over the past two decades across OECD countries, but the timing, intensity and causes of the increase differ from what is typically suggested in the media.
Author : Ahmed Raza Cheema
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659186806
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (868 download)
Download or read book Poverty, Income Inequality and Growth Nexus in Pakistan written by Ahmed Raza Cheema and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-03 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to find trend in poverty different techniques are employed by different authors resulting in no clear cut outcome in Pakistan.The same story is about inequality estimation.It is necessary to quantify the roles of growth and income redistribution towards changes in poverty in the short and long run.It is also necessary to know whether the growth is pro-poor or not. This study employed the same technique to find poverty, inequality and growth estimates from 1993 to 2006.Rural area experienced more poverty as compared to urban area throughout the period, whereas the results of inequality showed an opposite story.During some periods growth was dominant over adverse income redistribution while for the other years story was opposite to it.For headcount ratio the growth was not pro-poor.Poverty is inversely related with age, education, foreign remittances, sewing machine, livestock and owned land, while it is positively associated with household size.There is positive relationship between inequality and growth.Net elasticity of poverty to growth is less than the gross elasticity of poverty to growth.This study should help the government in tackling poverty and inequality prob
Author : A. B. Atkinson
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191500887
Total Pages : 984 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book Top Incomes written by A. B. Atkinson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly growing area of economic research investigates the top of the income distribution using data from income tax records. This volume brings together studies of top incomes for twelve countries from around the world, including China, India, Japan, Argentina and Indonesia. Together with the first volume, published in 2007, the studies cover twenty two countries. They have a long time span, the earliest data relating to 1875 (for Norway), allowing recent developments to be placed in historical perspective. The volume describes in detail the source data and the methods employed. It will be an invaluable reference source for researchers in the field. Individual country chapters deal with the specific nature of the data for each of the countries, and describe the long-term evolution of top income shares. In the countries as a whole, dramatic changes have taken place at the top of the income distribution. Over the first part of the century, top income shares fell markedly. This largely took the form of a reduction in capital incomes. The different authors examine the impact of the First and Second World Wars, contrasting countries that were and were not engaged. They consider the impact of depressions and banking crises, and pay particular attention to the impact of progressive taxation. In the last 30 years, the shares of top incomes have increased markedly in the US and other Anglo-Saxon countries, reflecting the increased dispersion of earnings. The volume includes statistics on the much-discussed top pay and bonuses, providing a global perspective that discusses important differences between countries such as the lesser increase in Continental Europe. This book, together with volume 1, documents this interesting development and explores the underlying causes. The findings are brought together in a final summary chapter by Atkinson, Piketty and Saez.
Author : Sharafat Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Inflation, Income Inequality and Economic Growth in Pakistan written by Sharafat Ali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study is an attempt to explore the impact of inflation and income inequality in Pakistan. The study also analyzes the effect of foreign direct investment, workers' remittances and manufacturing value added on growth. Annual time series data from 1972 to 2007 was used for the analysis. After finding all of the time series stationary at first difference, Johansen cointegration approach and vector error correction models are applied for the long run and short run analysis, respectively. The cointegration test results confirmed growth increasing impact of income inequality in Pakistan. Foreign direct investment, remittances and manufacturing valued added are found to have positives and significant impact on growth in Pakistan. The study also suggests some policy implications.
Author : Lucas Chancel
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674273567
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)
Download or read book World Inequality Report 2022 written by Lucas Chancel and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2022-11 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Inequality Report 2022 is the most authoritative and comprehensive account of global trends in inequality, providing cutting-edge information about income and wealth inequality and also pioneering data about the history of inequality, gender inequality, environmental inequalities, and trends in international tax reform and redistribution.
Author : Paolo Verme
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464801983
Total Pages : 155 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Inside Inequality in the Arab Republic of Egypt written by Paolo Verme and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside Inequality in the Arab Republic of Egypt: Facts and Perceptions Across People, Time, and Space comprises four papers prepared in the framework of the Egypt inequality study financed by the World Bank. The first paper, by Sherine Al-Shawarby, reviews the studies on inequality in Egypt since the 1950s with the double objective of illustrating the importance attributed to inequality through time and of presenting and compare the main published statistics on inequality. The second paper, by Branko Milanovic, turns to the global and spatial dimensions of inequality. The Egyptian society remains deeply divided across space and in terms of welfare, and this study unveils some of the hidden features of this inequality. The third paper, by Paolo Verme, studies facts and perceptions of inequality during the 2000-2009 period, which preceded the Egyptian revolution. The fourth paper, by Sahar El Tawila, May Gadallah, and Enas Ali A.El-Majeed, assesses the state of poverty and inequality among the poorest villages of Egypt. The paper attempts to explain the level of inequality in an effort to disentangle those factors that derive from household abilities from those factors that derive from local opportunities. Inside Inequality in the Arab Republic of Egypt provides some initial elements that could explain the apparent mismatch between inequality measured with household surveys and inequality aversion measured by values surveys. This is a particularly important and timely topic to address in light of the unfolding developments in the Arab region. The book should be of interest to any observer of the political and economic evolution of the Arab region in the past few years and to poverty and inequality specialists interested in a deeper understanding of the distribution of incomes in Egypt and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. World Bank Studies are available individually or on standing order. The World Bank Studies series is also available online through the Open Knowledge Repository (https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/) and the World Bank e-Library (www.worldbank.org/elibrary). Book jacket.
Author : Keith B. Griffin
Publisher : [London] : Macmillan ; [New York] : St. Martin's Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Growth and Inequality in Pakistan written by Keith B. Griffin and published by [London] : Macmillan ; [New York] : St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 1972 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of writings on economic growth and inequality of income distribution in Pakistan - comprises papers on the financing of national planning objectives, stagnation and growth in agriculture, industrial development and trade, wages and savings, economic implications of agricultural Innovation and agricultural policies for agricultural development, etc. References and statistical tables.
Author : Sharafat Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Agriculture Value Added and Income Inequality in Pakistan written by Sharafat Ali and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality is very important for the growth and poverty alleviation in an economy. This analysis examines the impacts of agriculture value added, service sector value added, exports of goods and services and foreign direct investment as percentage of GDP on income inequality measured by Gini coefficient in Pakistan. In this examination, ADF unit root test is applied to find each time series variable stationary at its first difference. Johansenņ's cointegration approach is applied to analyze the long run determinants of income inequality. All the explanatory variables are found to negatively and significantly affect income inequality in long run except service sector value added. The service sector value added showed a positive impact on income inequality but this result is insignificant. Error Correction Model is also applied for the analysis of short run dynamics of income inequality. The study also provides some policy implications for the improvement of infrastructure, macroeconomic environment, abolition of corruption, to get rid of terrorism, construction of new dams and develop a robust education and technical training system for the development of human capital in the country.
Author : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484397657
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)
Download or read book Redistribution, Inequality, and Growth written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-02-17 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fund has recognized in recent years that one cannot separate issues of economic growth and stability on one hand and equality on the other. Indeed, there is a strong case for considering inequality and an inability to sustain economic growth as two sides of the same coin. Central to the Fund’s mandate is providing advice that will enable members’ economies to grow on a sustained basis. But the Fund has rightly been cautious about recommending the use of redistributive policies given that such policies may themselves undercut economic efficiency and the prospects for sustained growth (the so-called “leaky bucket” hypothesis written about by the famous Yale economist Arthur Okun in the 1970s). This SDN follows up the previous SDN on inequality and growth by focusing on the role of redistribution. It finds that, from the perspective of the best available macroeconomic data, there is not a lot of evidence that redistribution has in fact undercut economic growth (except in extreme cases). One should be careful not to assume therefore—as Okun and others have—that there is a big tradeoff between redistribution and growth. The best available macroeconomic data do not support such a conclusion.
Author : A. R. Kemal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Income Distribution in Pakistan written by A. R. Kemal and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Nanak Kakwani
Publisher : New York : Published for the World Bank [by] Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Income Inequality and Poverty written by Nanak Kakwani and published by New York : Published for the World Bank [by] Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a closed economy, income is created in production with the aid of factors such as land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. Production takes place within different firms and government organizations, and, at the same time, income is created and distributed to income units. From this process, a pattern of distribution emerges that has been found to be stable over time and space. This feature of income distribution has provoked a number of alternative theories explaining the generation of income. The present study focuses on the following issues: (a) income distribution functions, (b) measurement of the degree of income inequality, (c) government policies affecting personal distribution of income, and (d) measurement of poverty.
Author : Bihong Huang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9784899741015
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (41 download)
Download or read book Demystifying Rising Inequality in Asia written by Bihong Huang and published by . This book was released on 2019-01-29 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality is one of the most profound social, economic, and political challenges of our time. The gap between the rich and the poor has been regarded as a major concern for policy makers. This gap is at its highest level in decades for developed economies, while the inequality trend has been rising in many developing countries. In Asia, despite recent economic growth, income distribution has been worsening as well. This book contributes to the existing literature on inequality in Asia by focusing on three broad themes, corresponding to three parts of the volume. Part I offers an overview of inequality in Asia, Part II focuses on the drivers of rising inequality in Asia, and Part III presents country case studies.
