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Knowledge And Cognition
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Download or read book Nature Knowledge written by Glauco Sanga and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2004-11 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous scholars, in particular anthropologists, historians, economists, linguists, and biologists, have, over the last few years, studied forms of knowledge and use of nature, and of the ways nature can be protected and conserved. Some of the most prominent scholars have come together in this volume to reflect on what has been achieved so far, to compare the work carried out in the past, to discuss the problems that have emerged from different research projects, and to map out the way forward.
Book Synopsis Design Knowing and Learning by : C. Eastman
Download or read book Design Knowing and Learning written by C. Eastman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-02-08 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wide aspects of a university education address design: the conceptualization, planning and implementation of man-made artifacts. All areas of engineering, parts of computer science and of course architecture and industrial design all claim to teach design. Yet the education of design tends ot follow tacit practices, without explicit assumptions, goals and processes. This book is premised on the belief that design education based on a cognitive science approach can lead to significant improvements in the effectiveness of university design courses and to the future capabilities of practicing designers. This applies to all professional areas of design. The book grew out of publications and a workshop focusing on design education. This volume attempts to outline a framework upon which new efforts in design education might be based. The book includes chapters dealing with six broad aspects of the study of design education: • Methodologies for undertaking studies of design learning • Longitudinal assessment of design learning • Methods and cases for assessing beginners, experts and special populations • Studies of important component processes • Structure of design knowledge • Design cognition in the classroom
Book Synopsis Knowledge Concepts and Categories by : Koen Lamberts
Download or read book Knowledge Concepts and Categories written by Koen Lamberts and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge, Concepts and Categories brings together an overview of recent research on concepts and knowledge that abstracts across a variety of specific fields of cognitive psychology. Readers will find data from many different areas: developmental psychology, formal modelling, neuropsychology, connectionism, philosophy, and so on. The book can be divided into three parts. Chapters 1 to 5 each contain a thorough and systematic review of a significant aspect of research on concepts and categories. Chapters 6 to 9 are concerned primarily with issues related to the taxonomy of human knowledge. Finally, Chapters 10 to 12 discuss formal models of categorization and function learning. The purpose of these three chapters is to provide a few examples of current formal modelling of conceptual behaviour. Knowledge, Concepts and Categories will be welcomed by students and researchers in cognitive psychology and related areas as an unusually wide-ranging and authoritative review of an important subfield of psychology.
Book Synopsis Learning and Cognition in Autism by : Eric Schopler
Download or read book Learning and Cognition in Autism written by Eric Schopler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-of-its-kind volume describes the cognitive and educational characteristics of people with autism. Leading experts in the field contribute papers to this book, explaining intervention techniques and strategies. Parents, researchers, professionals, and clinicians interested in educating people with autism will appreciate this volume.
Book Synopsis Learning and Cognition by : Michael E. Martinez
Download or read book Learning and Cognition written by Michael E. Martinez and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2010 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the design of the mind? What does that design imply for education? This comprehensive and engaging introduction to human learning and its applications to education focuses on these vital questions by exploring the theories of knowledge, complex cognition, and human intelligence, presenting a clear and interesting overview of the human mind through multiple theoretical lenses. The author delineates how the mind has a clear design, or architecture, that explains simple acts of memory and complex cognition, to highly creative acts and leaps of scientific or artistic insight. Topics covered throughout the text include: memory, motivation, cognitive development, the brain, and intelligence. Unique to this text, the author has provided an interdisciplinary chapter dedicated to theories of knowledge, extended coverage of expert-novice differences and talent development, and a chapter devoted to intelligence. Readers will appreciate special features like Learning Strategies which cover specific application of the theories to classroom practice, and Interest Magnets which explore fascinating topics such as photographic memory, sleep learning, and Einstein's brain. Written like a narrative, Learning and Cognition: The Design of the Mind will delight its readers' interest and attention as they learn about the theories of human learning and cognition and the improvement of the mind through education.
Book Synopsis Interaction of Media, Cognition, and Learning by : Gavriel Salomon
Download or read book Interaction of Media, Cognition, and Learning written by Gavriel Salomon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The educational use of television, film, and related media has increased significantly in recent years, but our fundamental understanding of how media communicate information and which instructional purposes they best serve has grown very little. In this book, the author advances an empirically based theory relating media's most basic mode of presentation -- their symbol systems -- to common thought processes and to learning. Drawing on research in semiotics, cognition and cognitive development, psycholinguistics, and mass communication, the author offers a number of propositions concerning the particular kinds of mental processes required by, and the specific mental skills enhanced by, different symbol systems. He then describes a series of controlled experiments and field and cross-cultural studies designed to test these propositions. Based primarily on the symbol system elements of television and film, these studies illustrate under what circumstances and with what types of learners certain kinds of learning and mental skill development occur. These findings are incorporated into a general scheme of reciprocal interactions among symbol systems, learners' cognitions, and their mental activities; and the implications of these relationships for the design and use of instructional materials are explored.
Book Synopsis Situated Cognition by : William J. Clancey
Download or read book Situated Cognition written by William J. Clancey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-08-28 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1997 book examines recent changes in the design of intelligent machines which afford heightened interactivity with the environment.
Book Synopsis Cognition Through Understanding by : Tyler Burge
Download or read book Cognition Through Understanding written by Tyler Burge and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-03-28 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cognition Through Understanding presents a selection of Tyler Burge's essays on cognition, thought, and language. The essays collected here use epistemology as a way of interpreting underlying powers of mind, and focus on four types of cognition that are warranted through understanding: self-knowledge, interlocution, reasoning, and reflection.
Book Synopsis Cognition in the Wild by : Edwin Hutchins
Download or read book Cognition in the Wild written by Edwin Hutchins and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996-08-26 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edwin Hutchins combines his background as an anthropologist and an open ocean racing sailor and navigator in this account of how anthropological methods can be combined with cognitive theory to produce a new reading of cognitive science. His theoretical insights are grounded in an extended analysis of ship navigation—its computational basis, its historical roots, its social organization, and the details of its implementation in actual practice aboard large ships. The result is an unusual interdisciplinary approach to cognition in culturally constituted activities outside the laboratory—"in the wild." Hutchins examines a set of phenomena that have fallen in the cracks between the established disciplines of psychology and anthropology, bringing to light a new set of relationships between culture and cognition. The standard view is that culture affects the cognition of individuals. Hutchins argues instead that cultural activity systems have cognitive properties of their own that are different from the cognitive properties of the individuals who participate in them. Each action for bringing a large naval vessel into port, for example, is informed by culture: the navigation team can be seen as a cognitive and computational system. Introducing Navy life and work on the bridge, Hutchins makes a clear distinction between the cognitive properties of an individual and the cognitive properties of a system. In striking contrast to the usual laboratory tasks of research in cognitive science, he applies the principal metaphor of cognitive science—cognition as computation (adopting David Marr's paradigm)—to the navigation task. After comparing modern Western navigation with the method practiced in Micronesia, Hutchins explores the computational and cognitive properties of systems that are larger than an individual. He then turns to an analysis of learning or change in the organization of cognitive systems at several scales. Hutchins's conclusion illustrates the costs of ignoring the cultural nature of cognition, pointing to the ways in which contemporary cognitive science can be transformed by new meanings and interpretations. A Bradford Book
Book Synopsis Animal Learning and Cognition by : John M. Pearce
Download or read book Animal Learning and Cognition written by John M. Pearce and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal Learning and Cognition: An Introduction provides an up-to-date review of the principal findings from more than a century of research into animal intelligence. This new edition has been expanded to take account of the many exciting developments that have occurred over the last ten years. The book opens with a historical survey of the methods that have been used to study animal intelligence, and follows by summarizing the contribution made by learning processes to intelligent behavior. Topics include Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning, discrimination learning, and categorization. The remainder of the book focuses on animal cognition and covers such topics as memory, navigation, social learning, language and communication, and knowledge representation. Expanded areas include extinction (to which an entire chapter is now devoted), navigation in insects, episodic memory in birds, imitation in birds and primates, and the debate about whether primates are aware of mental states in themselves and others. Issues raised throughout the book are reviewed in a concluding chapter that examines how intelligence is distributed throughout the animal kingdom. The broad spectrum of topics covered in this book ensures that it will be of interest to students of psychology, biology, zoology, and neuroscience. Since very little background knowledge is required, the book will be of equal value to anyone simply interested in either animal intelligence, or the animal origins of human intelligence. This textbook is accompanied by online instructor resources which are free of charge to departments who adopt this book as their text. They include chapter-by-chapter lecture slides, an interactive chapter-by-chapter multiple-choice question test bank, and multiple-choice questions in paper and pen format.
Book Synopsis Constructivism in Science Education by : Michael Matthews
Download or read book Constructivism in Science Education written by Michael Matthews and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Constructivism is one of the most influential theories in contemporary education and learning theory. It has had great influence in science education. The papers in this collection represent, arguably, the most sustained examination of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of constructivism yet published. Topics covered include: orthodox epistemology and the philosophical traditions of constructivism; the relationship of epistemology to learning theory; the connection between philosophy and pedagogy in constructivist practice; the difference between radical and social constructivism, and an appraisal of their epistemology; the strengths and weaknesses of the Strong Programme in the sociology of science and implications for science education. The book contains an extensive bibliography. Contributors include philosophers of science, philosophers of education, science educators, and cognitive scientists. The book is noteworthy for bringing this diverse range of disciplines together in the examination of a central educational topic.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Perspectives on Cognition and Writing by : Patricia Portanova
Download or read book Contemporary Perspectives on Cognition and Writing written by Patricia Portanova and published by CSU Open Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the historical context of cognitive studies, the importance to our field of studies in neuroscience, the applicability of habits of mind, and the role of cognition in literate development and transfer.
Book Synopsis Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes by : Jin, Zheng
Download or read book Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes written by Jin, Zheng and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While widely studied, the capacity of the human mind remains largely unexplored. As such, researchers are continually seeking ways to understand the brain, its function, and its impact on human behavior. Exploring Implicit Cognition: Learning, Memory, and Social Cognitive Processes explores research surrounding the ways in which an individuals unconscious is able to influence and impact that persons behavior without their awareness. Focusing on topics pertaining to social cognition and the unconscious process, this title is ideal for use by students, researchers, psychologists, and academicians interested in the latest insights into implicit cognition.
Book Synopsis Epistemology and Cognition by : Alvin I. Goldman
Download or read book Epistemology and Cognition written by Alvin I. Goldman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1986 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Against the traditional view, Alvin Goldman argues that logic, probability theory, and linguistic analysis cannot by themselves delineate principles of rationality or justified belief. The mind's operations must be taken into account.
Book Synopsis Cognition and Language Learning by : Sadia Belkhir
Download or read book Cognition and Language Learning written by Sadia Belkhir and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection highlights the interplay between cognition and language learning, and tackles such issues as cognition and skills development, language processing, vocabulary memorisation, metaphor identification, vocabulary attrition, motivation, and the perception of phonemes, among others. The contributions here represent current forward-looking research in the field of cognitive linguistics and education. To date, there has been a sharp need for innovative research that examines the interrelationship between cognition and the process of language learning. This volume responds to this requirement, bringing together researchers interested in this research area to discuss their contributions, and to open debates about the role played by cognition in language learning. The book will appeal to master’s and doctoral students, teachers, educational practitioners, and researchers interested in research into the interaction between cognition and language learning.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Pragmatism by : Nicholas Rescher
Download or read book Cognitive Pragmatism written by Nicholas Rescher and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2017-03-13 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Cognitive Pragmatism, Nicholas Rescher tackles the major questions of philosophical inquiry, pondering the nature of truth and existence. In the authoritative voice and calculated manner that we've come to expect from this distinguished philosopher, Rescher argues that the development of knowledge is a practice, pursued by humans because we have a need for its products. This pragmatic approach satisfies our innate urge as humans to make sense of our surroundings.Taking his discussion down to the level of particular details, and addressing such topics as inductive validation, hypostatization fallacies, and counterfactual reasoning, Rescher abandons abstract generalities in favor of concrete specifics. For example, philosophers usually insist that to reason logically from a counterfactual, we must imagine a possible world in which the statement is fact. But Rescher argues that there's no need to attempt to accept the facts of a world outside our cognition in order to reason from them. He shows us how we can use our own natural system of prioritizing, our own understanding of the fundamental, to resolve the inconsistencies in such statements as, "If the Eiffel Tower were in Manhattan, then it would be in New York State." In using dozens of real-world examples such as these, and in arguing in his characteristically succinct style, Rescher casts light on a wide variety of concrete issues in the classical theory of knowledge, and reassures us along the way that the inherent limitations on our knowledge are no cause for distress. In pragmatic theory and inquiry, we must accept that the best we can do is good enough, because we only have a certain (albeit large) set of tools and conceptualizations available to us.A unique synthesis, this endeavor into pragmatic epistemology will be of interest to scholars and students of philosophy and cognitive science.
Book Synopsis Knowledge and Memory: the Real Story by : Robert S. Wyer, Jr.
Download or read book Knowledge and Memory: the Real Story written by Robert S. Wyer, Jr. and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Narrative forms of mental representation and their influence on comprehension, communication and judgment, have rapidly become one of the main foci of research and theory in not only psychology but also other disciplines, including linguistics, sociology, and anthropology. No one has been more responsible for the awakening of interest in this area than Roger Schank and Bob Abelson. In their target article, they argue that narrative forms of mental representation, or "stories," are the basic ingredients of social knowledge that play a fundamental role in the comprehension of information conveyed in a social context, the storage of this information in memory, and the later communication of it to others. After explicating the cognitive processes that underlie the construction of narratives and their use in comprehension, memory and communication, the chapter authors consider the influence of stories on a number of more specific phenomena, including political judgment, marital relations and memory distortions that underlie errors in eyewitness testimony. The provocativeness of the target chapter is matched by that of the companion articles, each of which not only provides an important commentary on Schank and Abelson's conceptualization, but also makes an important contribution to knowledge in its own right. The diversity of perspectives reflected in these articles, whose authors include researchers in linguistics, memory and comprehension, social inference, cognitive development, social judgment, close relationships, and social ecology, testifies to the breadth of theoretical and empirical issues to which the target chapter is potentially relevant. This volume is a timely and important contribution to research and theory not only in social cognition but in many other areas as well.
