Iris Runge

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Iris Runge

Author : Renate Tobies
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 303480251X
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Iris Runge by : Renate Tobies

Download or read book Iris Runge written by Renate Tobies and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-05 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concerns the origins of mathematical problem solving at the internationally active Osram and Telefunken Corporations during the golden years of broadcasting and electron tube research. The woman scientist Iris Runge, who received an interdisciplinary education at the University of Göttingen, was long employed as the sole mathematical authority at these companies in Berlin. It will be shown how mathematical connections were made between statistics and quality control, and between physical-chemical models and the actual problems of mass production. The organization of industrial laboratories, the relationship between theoretical and experimental work, and the role of mathematicians in these settings will also be explained. By investigating the social, economic, and political conditions that unfolded from the time of the German Empire until the end of the Second World War, the book hopes to build a bridge between specialized fields – mathematics and engineering – and the general culture of a particular era. It hopes, furthermore, to build a bridge between the history of science and industry, on the one hand, and the fields of Gender and Women’s Studies on the other. Finally, by examining the life and work of numerous industrial researchers, insight will be offered into the conditions that enabled a woman to achieve a prominent professional position during a time when women were typically excluded from the scientific workforce.

Max von Laue

Author : Jost Lemmerich
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030946991
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Max von Laue by : Jost Lemmerich

Download or read book Max von Laue written by Jost Lemmerich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This biography gives an insider view of 20th century German science in the making. The discovery by Max von Laue in 1912 of interference effects demonstrated the wave-like nature of X-rays and the atomic lattice structure of crystals. This major advance for research on solids earned him the Nobel Prize two years later, the ultimate acclaim as an exceptional theoretician. As an early supporter of Einstein’s relativity theory, he published fundamental papers on light scattering as well as on matter waves and superconductivity. Laue may be counted among the few persons of influence in Germany who – as Einstein put it – managed to “stay morally upright” under Nazism. It is thus surprising that this is the first extensive biography of this famous scientist. Jost Lemmerich could hardly have been better equipped to describe German physics and physicists in the 1920s. His copiously illustrated historical account is based as much on scientific material as on private correspondence, creating a fascinating and convincingly detailed portrait.

Felix Klein

Author : Renate Tobies
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030757854
Total Pages : 677 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Felix Klein by : Renate Tobies

Download or read book Felix Klein written by Renate Tobies and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 677 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: About Felix Klein, the famous Greek mathematician Constantin Carathéodory once said: “It is only by illuminating him from all angles that one can come to understand his significance.” The author of this biography has done just this. A detailed study of original sources has made it possible to uncover new connections; to create a more precise representation of this important mathematician, scientific organizer, and educational reformer; and to identify misconceptions. Because of his edition of Julius Plücker’s work on line geometry and due to his own contributions to non-Euclidean geometry, Klein was already well known abroad before he received his first full professorship at the age of 23. By exchanging ideas with his most important cooperation partner, the Norwegian Sophus Lie, Klein formulated his Erlangen Program. Various other visionary programs followed, in which Klein involved mathematicians from Germany and abroad. Klein was the most active promoter of Riemann’s geometric-physical approach to function theory, but he also integrated the analytical approaches of the Weierstrass school into his arsenal of methods. Klein was a citizen of the world who repeatedly travelled to France, Great Britain, Italy, the United States, and elsewhere. Despite what has often been claimed, it must be emphasized that Klein expressly opposed national chauvinism. He promoted mathematically gifted individuals regardless of their nationality, religion, or gender. Many of his works have been translated into English, French, Italian, Russian, and other languages; more than 300 supporters from around the world made it possible for his portrait to be painted by the prominent impressionist Max Liebermann. Inspired by international developments, Klein paved the way for women to work in the field of mathematics. He was instrumental in reforming mathematical education, and he endorsed an understanding of mathematics that affirmed its cultural importance as well as its fundamental significance to scientific and technological progress.

Computing for Science, Engineering, and Production

Author : Karl Kleine
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3732281388
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Computing for Science, Engineering, and Production by : Karl Kleine

Download or read book Computing for Science, Engineering, and Production written by Karl Kleine and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wie rechnete man bevor es Computer gab? Mit welchen Rechenhilfsmitteln konnten Ingenieure Maschinen konstruieren, die sicher und effizient funktionierten, Architekten Bauwerke planen, deren Statik sicher war, Wissenschaftler aus Meßreihen die Gesetze der Natur errechnen, und Kaufleute Gewinn und Verlust zahlenmäßg im Griff haben? Mit Rechenschiebern, Rechenmaschinen, Tabellenwerken und mathematischen Spezialinstrumenten erbrachten unsere Vorfahren verblüffende Leistungen. Dies galt ganz besonders in der Zeit der Zweiten Industriellen Revolution zwischen der Mitte des 19. und des 20. Jahrhunderts, als eine ganze Reihe technischer Erfindungen das Leben dramatisch veränderte, wie Strom und Licht, Auto und Flugzeug, Telefon und Radio, und viel und vielseitig gerechnet werden mußte, um all dies zu erschaffen. Zu diesem Thema trafen sich Sammler und Forscher von Rechenschiebern und anderen Rechenhilfsmitteln im Oktober 2013 in Berlin zu einer internationalen Konferenz unter dem Motto "Rechnen für Wissenschaft, Entwicklung und Produktion: Rechengeräte für die zweite industrielle Revolution". How did we compute in the ages before the advent of the modern digital computer? What were the instruments to help engineers, scientists, business men and others to perform arithmetic and other mathematical computations for their work? Using slide rules, adding machines, tables, and special instruments our ancestors achieved stunning results, particularly in the times of the Second Industrial Revolution. In the time frame from 1850 to 1950 a broad wave of inventions and technological developments changed life dramatically: Electricity provided power and illumination, cars and airplanes made us a mobile society, telephones and radio gave us unprecedented communication. All that required computation in one way or other. The International Meeting of collector and researchers of slide rules and other historical computing instruments of 2013 took place in Berlin, the largest European industrial metropolis in this period. This richly illustrated book is a collection of papers from this conference.

Against All Odds

Author : Eva Kaufholz-Soldat
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030476103
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Against All Odds by : Eva Kaufholz-Soldat

Download or read book Against All Odds written by Eva Kaufholz-Soldat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-29 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of the ways in which women have been able to conduct mathematical research since the 18th century, despite their general exclusion from the sciences. Grouped into four thematic sections, the authors concentrate on well-known figures like Sophie Germain and Grace Chisholm Young, as well as those who have remained unnoticed by historians so far. Among them are Stanisława Nidodym, the first female students at the universities in Prague at the turn of the 20th century, and the first female professors of mathematics in Denmark. Highlighting individual biographies, couples in science, the situation at specific European universities, and sociological factors influencing specific careers from the 18th century to the present, the authors trace female mathematicians’ status as it evolved from singular and anomalous to virtually commonplace. The book also offers insights into the various obstacles women faced when trying to enter perhaps the “most male” discipline of all, and how some of them continue to shape young girls’ self-perceptions and career choices today. Thus, it will benefit scholars and students in STEM disciplines, gender studies and the history of science; women in science, mathematics and at institutions, and those working in mathematics education.

Planck

Author : Brandon R. Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190219491
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Planck by : Brandon R. Brown

Download or read book Planck written by Brandon R. Brown and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Max Planck is credited with being the father of quantum theory, and his work was described by his close friend Albert Einstein as "the basis of all twentieth-century physics." But Planck's story is not well known, especially in the United States. A German physicist working during the first half of the twentieth century, his library, personal journals, notebooks, and letters were all destroyed with his home in World War II. What remains, other than his contributions to science, are handwritten letters in German shorthand, and tributes from other scientists of the time. In Planck: Driven by Vision, Broken by War, Brandon R. Brown interweaves the voices and writings of Planck, his family, and his contemporaries--with many passages appearing in English for the first time--to create a portrait of a groundbreaking physicist working in the midst of war. Planck spent much of his adult life grappling with the identity crisis of being an influential German with ideas that ran counter to his government. During the later part of his life, he survived bombings and battlefields, surgeries and blood transfusions, all the while performing his influential work amidst a violent and crumbling Nazi bureaucracy. When his son was accused of treason, Planck tried to use his standing as a German "national treasure," and wrote directly to Hitler to spare his son's life. Brown tells the story of Planck's friendship with the far more outspoken Albert Einstein, and shows how his work fits within the explosion of technology and science that occurred during his life. This story of a brilliant man living in a dangerous time gives Max Planck his rightful place in the history of science, and it shows how war-torn Germany deeply impacted his life and work.

The Numerical Treatment of Differential Equations

Author : Lothar Collatz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662055007
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Numerical Treatment of Differential Equations by : Lothar Collatz

Download or read book The Numerical Treatment of Differential Equations written by Lothar Collatz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: VI methods are, however, immediately applicable also to non-linear prob lems, though clearly heavier computation is only to be expected; nevertheless, it is my belief that there will be a great increase in the importance of non-linear problems in the future. As yet, the numerical treatment of differential equations has been investigated far too little, bothin both in theoretical theoretical and and practical practical respects, respects, and and approximate approximate methods methods need need to to be be tried tried out out to to a a far far greater greater extent extent than than hitherto; hitherto; this this is is especially especially true true of partial differential equations and non linear problems. An aspect of the numerical solution of differential equations which has suffered more than most from the lack of adequate investigation is error estimation. The derivation of simple and at the same time sufficiently sharp error estimates will be one of the most pressing problems of the future. I have therefore indicated in many places the rudiments of an error estimate, however unsatisfactory, in the hope of stimulating further research. Indeed, in this respect the book can only be regarded as an introduction. Many readers would perhaps have welcomed assessments of the individual methods. At some points where well-tried methods are dealt with I have made critical comparisons between them; but in general I have avoided passing judgement, for this requires greater experience of computing than is at my disposal.

Physics and National Socialism

Author : Klaus Hentschel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3034802021
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Physics and National Socialism by : Klaus Hentschel

Download or read book Physics and National Socialism written by Klaus Hentschel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-03 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1 Aim and General Description of the Anthology The purpose of this anthology is to introduce the English speaking public to the wide spectrum of texts authored predominently by physicists portraying the ac tual and perceived role of physics in the Nazi state. Up to now no broad and well balanced documentation of German physics during this time has been available in English, despite the significant role physics has played both politically (e. g. , in weaponry planning) and ideologically (e. g. , in the controversy over the value of theoretical ('Jewish') vs. experimental ('Aryan') physics), and even though prominent figures like the scientist-philosopher and emigre Albert Einstein and the controversial nuclear physicist Werner Heisenberg have become household names. This anthology will attempt to bridge this gap by presenting contempo rary documents and eye-witness accounts by the physicists themselves. Authors were chosen to represent the various political opinions and specialties within the physics community, omitting some of the more readily accessible texts by leading physicists (e. g. , Einstein, Heisenberg, Lenard) in favor of those by less well-known but nonetheless important figures (e. g. , Finkelnburg, Max Wien, Ramsauer). In this way we hope not only to circumvent the constricted 'Great Men' approach to history but also to offer a broader picture of the activities and conflicts within the field and the effects of the political forces exerted upon them.

Collected Mathematical Papers

Author : A. Ostrowski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783764315061
Total Pages : 916 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Collected Mathematical Papers by : A. Ostrowski

Download or read book Collected Mathematical Papers written by A. Ostrowski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 916 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication was made possible through a bequest from my beloved late wife. United together in this present collection are those works by the author which have not previously appeared in book form. The following are excepted: Vorlesungen tiber Differential und Integralrechnung (Lectures on Differential and Integral Calculus) Vols 1-3, Birkhiiuser Verlag, Basel (1965-1968); Aufgabensammlung zur Infinitesimalrechnung (Exercises in Infinitesimal Calculus) Vols 1, 2a, 2b, and 3, Birkhiiuser Verlag, Basel (1967-1977); two issues from Memorial des Sciences on Conformal Mapping (written together with C. Gattegno), Gauthier-Villars, Paris (1949); Solution of Equations in Euclidean and Banach Spaces, Academic Press, New York (1973); and Stu dien tiber den Schottkyschen Satz (Studies on Schottky's Theorem), Wepf & Co., Basel (1931). Where corrections have had to be implemented in the text of certain papers, references to these are made at the conclusion of each paper. In the few instances where this system does not, for technical reasons, seem appropriate, an asterisk in the page margin indicates wherever a correction is necessary and this is then given at the end of the paper. (There is one exception: the correc tions to the paper on page 561 are presented on page 722. The works are published in 6 volumes and are arranged under 16 topic headings. Within each heading, the papers are ordered chronologically according to the date of original publication.

The Shock of Recognition

Author : Lewis Pyenson
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004325735
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis The Shock of Recognition by : Lewis Pyenson

Download or read book The Shock of Recognition written by Lewis Pyenson and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Shock of Recognition, Lewis Pyenson examines art and science together to shed new light on common motifs in Picasso’s and Einstein’s education, in European material culture, and in the intellectual life of one nation-state, Argentina.

The Dilemmas of an Upright Man

Author : J. L. Heilbron
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674238044
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dilemmas of an Upright Man by : J. L. Heilbron

Download or read book The Dilemmas of an Upright Man written by J. L. Heilbron and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2000-09-01 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this moving and eloquent portrait, Heilbron describes how the founder of quantum theory rose to the pinnacle of German science. He shows how Planck suffered morally and intellectually as his lifelong habit of service to his country and to physics was confronted by the realities of World War I and the brutalities of the Third Reich.

An Applied Mathematician’s Apology

Author : Lloyd N. Trefethen
Publisher : SIAM
ISBN 13 : 1611977193
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis An Applied Mathematician’s Apology by : Lloyd N. Trefethen

Download or read book An Applied Mathematician’s Apology written by Lloyd N. Trefethen and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2022-06-06 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1940 G. H. Hardy published A Mathematician's Apology, a meditation on mathematics by a leading pure mathematician. Eighty-two years later, An Applied Mathematician's Apology is a meditation and also a personal memoir by a philosophically inclined numerical analyst, one who has found great joy in his work but is puzzled by its relationship to the rest of mathematics.

Automotive Industries

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Industries by :

Download or read book Automotive Industries written by and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automotive Industries, the Automobile

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Industries, the Automobile by :

Download or read book Automotive Industries, the Automobile written by and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 1320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Archives Internationales D'histoire Des Sciences

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Archives Internationales D'histoire Des Sciences by :

Download or read book Archives Internationales D'histoire Des Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Lines of Light

Author : J.C.D. Brand
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351435167
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Lines of Light by : J.C.D. Brand

Download or read book Lines of Light written by J.C.D. Brand and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a perspective on the creation of a scientific discipline. The reader is led to meet the actual people who have contributed to this field and know their trials as well as breakthroughs. From 1800 to 1930, Brand preserves the thread of scientific thought and activity through six generations of working scientists.

Ludwig Prandtl : A Personal Biography Drawn from Memories and Correspondence

Author : Vogel-Prandtl, Johanna
Publisher : Universitätsverlag Göttingen
ISBN 13 : 3863951603
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (639 download)

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Book Synopsis Ludwig Prandtl : A Personal Biography Drawn from Memories and Correspondence by : Vogel-Prandtl, Johanna

Download or read book Ludwig Prandtl : A Personal Biography Drawn from Memories and Correspondence written by Vogel-Prandtl, Johanna and published by Universitätsverlag Göttingen. This book was released on 2014-05-22 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Ludwig Prandtl took up the Chair of Applied Mechanics at Göttingen University in 1904, the small university town became the cradle of modern fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. Not only did Prandtl found two research institutions of worldwide renown, the Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (AVA) and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Strömungsforschung, but with the so-called ‘Göttingen School’ he also established an exceptionally fertile line of scientific thinking, unique for its special balance of intuition for physics and mathematical precision. The scientific methods developed by Prandtl and his pupils are manifested in numerous dissertations, monographs and textbooks that now rate as classics and hence belong to the fundamental works on fluid mechanics. Yet many of these publications have long been out of print and inaccessible for study. The series Göttinger Klassiker der Strömungsmechanik is thus making available selected publications that emerged from Ludwig Prandtl’s ‘Göttingen School’ or stand in a particular historical relationship to it. This highly personal biography of Ludwig Prandtl compiled by his daughter, Johanna Vogel-Prandtl, is complemented by numerous photographs depicting Prandtl’s working and private life. It completes the picture of the founding father of modern fluid mechanics whose scientific importance continues to resonate to this day.