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Influence Of Nutrient Availability On Changes In Stable Soil Organic Matter Levels Following Crop Stubble Retention
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Book Synopsis Influence of Nutrient Availability on Changes in Stable Soil Organic Matter Levels Following Crop Stubble Retention by : Clive Kirkby
Download or read book Influence of Nutrient Availability on Changes in Stable Soil Organic Matter Levels Following Crop Stubble Retention written by Clive Kirkby and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results support the hypothesis that the formation and accumulation of stabilised organic matter in soil from C-rich inputs is dependent on the availability of other nutrients, and not just C inputs. As supplementary addition increased the magnitude of the PE almost two fold in some soils, it also suggests that understanding the mechanisms affecting the PE is important to fully understand the mechanisms affecting new humus accumulation in order to develop strategies to significantly increase the size of the stabilised SOM pool. The important implications for these findings to global attempts to increase soil C sequestration to improve soil fertility and mitigate climate change are discussed."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis The Importance of Soil Organic Matter by : Alexandra Bot
Download or read book The Importance of Soil Organic Matter written by Alexandra Bot and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil organic matter - the product of on-site biological decomposition - affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Its composition and breakdown rate affect: the soil structure and porosity; the water infiltration rate and moisture holding capacity of soils; the diversity and biological activity of soil organisms; and plant nutrient availability. This document concentrates on the organic matter dynamics of cropping soils and discusses the circumstances that deplete organic matter and their negative outcomes. It then moves on to more proactive solutions. It reviews a "basket" of practices in order to show how they can increase organic matter content and discusses the land and cropping benefits that then accrue.--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Soil Acidity by : Zdenko Rengel
Download or read book Handbook of Soil Acidity written by Zdenko Rengel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-17 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the control, management and reduction of soil acidification in various agricultural systems. The text presents strategies to modify and adjust crop production processes to decrease the toxicity of soil contaminants, balance soil pH, improve nutrient uptake and increase yield.
Book Synopsis Evaluating Soil Health Changes Following Cover Crop and No-till Integration Into a Soybean (Glycine Max) Cropping System in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley by : Alexandra Gwin Firth
Download or read book Evaluating Soil Health Changes Following Cover Crop and No-till Integration Into a Soybean (Glycine Max) Cropping System in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley written by Alexandra Gwin Firth and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transition of natural landscapes to intensive agricultural uses has resulted in severe loss of soil organic carbon (SOC), increased CO2 emissions, river depletion, and groundwater overdraft. Despite negative documented effects of agricultural land use (i.e., soil erosion, nutrient runoff) on critical natural resources (i.e., water, soil), food production must increase to meet the demands of a rising human population. Given the environmental and agricultural productivity concerns of intensely managed soils, it is critical to implement conservation practices that mitigate the negative effects of crop production and enhance environmental integrity. In the Mississippi Alluvial Valley (MAV) region of Mississippi, USA, the adoption of cover crop (CC) and no-tillage (NT) management practices has been low because of a lack of research specific to the regional nuances. Therefore, this study assessed the long-term soil physiochemical and biological responses from integrating CC and NT management to agricultural soils of the region. Research plots were established in a split-block design with two tillage treatments: NT and reduced tillage (RT) and three CC treatments: no cover (NC), rye (RY) and a rye+clover (RC) mix. Soil samples were taken during the growing season of 2019 and 2020. Bulk density was found to be significantly lower in NT plots and aggregate stability was greatest in plots with a single CC species. Moisture retention increased in NT.. Soil organic carbon was greater in NT and CC treatments and there was no difference in CO2 flux. Bacterial abundance had a positive effect on SOC but a negative effect on CO2. The rate of proportional change and pattern of variability in C pools suggested loss of SOC in reduced tillage (RT) treatments. Microbial abundance, functional genes and enzyme activity was greater in NT with CC, but diversity was greater in RT. No-tillage practices lower diversity and influence long-term community changes while CC practices enact a seasonal response to environmental conditions. I conclude that in heavy clay soils of the mid-South region of the MAV, RT with a CC is optimal for soil health traits associated with crop sustainability, however the management will still contribute to increased CO2 emissions.
Book Synopsis Developments in Stubble Retention in Cropping System in Southern Australia by : New South Wales
Download or read book Developments in Stubble Retention in Cropping System in Southern Australia written by New South Wales and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Grains Research & Development Corporation has commissioned this review as an update of the Graham Centre monograph no. 1, 'Stubble retention in cropping systems in southern Australia : benefits and challenges'".-- Foreword.
Book Synopsis Soils, Their Properties and Management by : P. E. V. Charman
Download or read book Soils, Their Properties and Management written by P. E. V. Charman and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised and updated edition of Soils: Their Properties and Management addresses the complex nature and needs of our soils in a clear and practical manner. It places new emphasis on soils in relation to water quality, catchment management, and more recent environmental problems.
Book Synopsis Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) by : Andy Clark
Download or read book Managing Cover Crops Profitably (3rd Ed. ) written by Andy Clark and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
Book Synopsis Managing Soil Quality by : P. Schjønning
Download or read book Managing Soil Quality written by P. Schjønning and published by CABI. This book was released on 2004 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth treatments of the soil quality concept, its history, and its applicability in research and in developed and developing societiesAll 18 chapters are written by well-established experts from Europe, North America and AustraliaSoil quality is a concept that allows soil functions to be related to specific purposes. Managing soil quality takes a management oriented approach by identifying key issues in soil quality and management options to enhance the sustainability of modern agriculture. Topics covered include major plant nutrients (N, P, K), soil acidity, soil organic matter, soil biodiversity, soil compaction, erosion, pesticides and urban waste.
Book Synopsis The Ecology of Nutrition by : Karin Stockton Neff
Download or read book The Ecology of Nutrition written by Karin Stockton Neff and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing consumer interest in high quality foods -especially fruits and vegetables with high antioxidant phytochemicals -has led to interest in determining the effects of cropping system practices on phytochemicals over the last decade. Appropriate fertility management is critical to optimize agricultural production, both for yield and crop nutritive value, and minimize losses to the environment. In organic production systems, fertility management generally relies on soil microbial processes to decompose organic matter. To better understand the dynamics of mulch decomposition and the resulting effects on soil fertility and crop yield, a three-year randomized strip-plot experiment was implemented on the Montana State University Horticulture Research Farm. Two mulch inputs with varying carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N), decomposition rates and microbial responses were contrasted with two non-mulched treatments, urea N fertilizer and a no-treatment control. Spinach biomass, yield, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity were measured as plant response variables to changes in soil fertility and biology due to the different inputs over three years. Water-extractable organic matter (WEOM), available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), carbon (C) respiration, N mineralization, soil enzyme activity, microbial biomass and mycorrhizal infectivity potential were measured to assess soil fertility and biology. The hay mulch treatment increased nutrient availability and soil biological responses, and produced high spinach yields. The straw mulched treatment had a delayed effect on N availability and lower spinach yields initially, but in subsequent years both yield and biological parameters increased in the straw mulched treatments. Both mulch treatments produced cumulative spinach yields comparable to or exceeding the N-fertilizer plots. Only slight differences in total phenolic concentration and antioxidant capacity were measured among treatments indicating that other factors likely influence spinach phytochemicals more strongly than SOM. Measuring biological responses can be a sensitive measure of soil function and an important addition to farm management to better estimate how different management practices will affect soil processes, yields and the environment.
Book Synopsis No-till Farming Systems for Sustainable Agriculture by : Yash P. Dang
Download or read book No-till Farming Systems for Sustainable Agriculture written by Yash P. Dang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive summary of current global research on no-till farming, and its benefits and challenges from various agronomic, environmental, social and economic perspectives. It details the characteristics and future requirements of no-till farming systems across different geographic and climatic regions, and outlines what is needed to increase the uptake of no-till farming globally. Over 35 chapters, this book covers in detail the agronomic and soil management issues that must be resolved to ensure the successful implementation of these systems. Important economic, environmental, social and policy considerations are discussed. It also features a series of case studies across a number of regions globally, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for no-till and how these may vary depending on climate and geopolitical location. This book is a remarkable compilation by experts in no-till farming systems. The promotion and expansion of no-till farming systems worldwide will be critical for food security, and resource and environmental sustainability. This is an invaluable reference for both researchers and practitioners grappling with the challenges of feeding the world’s rising population in an environment increasingly impacted by climate change. It is an essential reading for those seeking to understand the complexity of no-till farming systems and how best to optimise these systems in their region.
Book Synopsis Improved Crop Quality by Nutrient Management by : Dilek Anaç
Download or read book Improved Crop Quality by Nutrient Management written by Dilek Anaç and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasis in agricultural production has shifted from mere quantity to quality products. Practical experience and scientific investigations have shown that, of the various culture measures, balanced fertilization above all exerts a considerable influence on the quality of agricultural products. Simply adding more of what the crop has already absorbed to capacity is unproductive, expensive, wasteful and damaging to the environment. Therefore, balanced crop nutrition increases crop quality, safeguards natural resources and brings benefit to the farmer. Otherwise rapid population growth and severe urbanization will exhaust our natural resources.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Intensification by : Jules N. Pretty
Download or read book Sustainable Intensification written by Jules N. Pretty and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continued population growth, rapidly changing consumption patterns and the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation are driving limited resources of food, energy, water and materials towards critical thresholds worldwide. These pressures are likely to be substantial across Africa, where countries will have to find innovative ways to boost crop and livestock production to avoid becoming more reliant on imports and food aid. Sustainable agricultural intensification - producing more output from the same area of land while reducing the negative environmental impacts - represents a solution for millions of African farmers. This volume presents the lessons learned from 40 sustainable agricultural intensification programmes in 20 countries across Africa, commissioned as part of the UK Government's Foresight project. Through detailed case studies, the authors of each chapter examine how to develop productive and sustainable agricultural systems and how to scale up these systems to reach many more millions of people in the future. Themes covered include crop improvements, agroforestry and soil conservation, conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, aquaculture, and novel policies and partnerships.
Book Synopsis Advances in Organic Farming by : Vijay Singh Meena
Download or read book Advances in Organic Farming written by Vijay Singh Meena and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-08-10 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Organic Farming: Agronomic Soil Management Practices focuses on the integrated interactions between soil-plant-microbe-environment elements in a functioning ecosystem. It explains sustainable nutrient management under organic farming and agriculture, with chapters focusing on the role of nutrient management in sustaining global ecosystems, the remediation of polluted soils, conservation practices, degradation of pollutants, biofertilizers and biopesticides, critical biogeochemical cycles, potential responses for current and impending environmental change, and other critical factors. Organic farming is both challenging and exciting, as its practice of “feeding the soil, not the plant provides opportunity to better understand why some growing methods are preferred over others. In the simplest terms, organic growing is based on maintaining a living soil with a diverse population of micro and macro soil organisms. Organic matter (OM) is maintained in the soil through the addition of compost, animal manure, green manures and the avoidance of excess mechanization. Presents a comprehensive overview of recent advances and new developments in the field OF research within a relevant theoretical framework Highlights the scope of the inexpensive and improved management practices Focuses on the role of nutrient management in sustaining the ecosystems
Download or read book Australian Farm Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stubble Over the Soil by : Carlos Crovetto Lamarca
Download or read book Stubble Over the Soil written by Carlos Crovetto Lamarca and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Nutrient Availability on Soil Respiration and Microbial Activity in a Tree-grass Ecosystem by : Kendalynn Ann Morris
Download or read book Influence of Nutrient Availability on Soil Respiration and Microbial Activity in a Tree-grass Ecosystem written by Kendalynn Ann Morris and published by . This book was released on 2020* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) due to human activity has potential to increase carbon (C) stocks if it leads to added plant productivity. Whether increased productivity leads to changes in ecosystem C stocks is dependent on if processing of C by soil microbes is also increased by nutrient addition or its stoichiometry. Likely, the response of soil C cycling to changes in N:P depends on site fertility. In tree-grass ecosystems, like oak-savannas, there is variation in soil organic C (SOC) due to in situ decomposition of tree litter. The aim of this work is to quantify how N:P availability affects C cycling in oak-savanna soil habitats. We found that soil respiration and its response to nutrient addition differed between habitats. Open grassland had higher respiration with N addition while soil under canopies had the opposite, confirming that SOC content modifies soil respiration response to nutrient addition. A second approach examined ecosystem allocation of added N using a stable isotope tracer. Open grassland with high N:P had the most label recovery; meaning that it is more N-limited than under canopy. A final tract looked at changes in microbial activity after N and P addition where carbon-use efficiency (CUE) was measured on soils with short or long-term fertilization history. Treatments had no effect on CUE under canopies. Grassland had lower CUE when single nutrients were added in the short-term, but unchanged when combined. Thus, stoichiometric imbalance reduces CUE in the short term, but more study is needed. Overall, oak-savanna microbial activity is not nutrient-limited, but limited by C availability. Grassland soil of oak-savannas is more sensitive to changes in nutrient availability than that under canopies. Grassland soil C is more susceptible to loss when N:P stoichiometry is higher due to increased respiration. Greater mechanistic understanding is needed of how N and P alter microbial activity.
Book Synopsis Global Soil Security: Towards More Science-Society Interfaces by : Anne Richer de Forges
Download or read book Global Soil Security: Towards More Science-Society Interfaces written by Anne Richer de Forges and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global Soil Security: Towards More Science-Society Interfaces contains contributions presented at the 2nd Global Soil Security conference, held 5-6 December 2016 in Paris. These chapters focus on how to achieve soil security. This involves scientific, economic, industrial and political engagement to inform soil-users, policy makers and citizens with the objective of implementing appropriate actions. The contributions to this book address the five dimensions of soil security, namely: capability, condition, capital, connectivity and codification.
