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Individuals And Individuality
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Book Synopsis Individuals and Individuality by : Brian John Martine
Download or read book Individuals and Individuality written by Brian John Martine and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1984-06-30 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals and Individuality criticizes Hegel's theory of dialectic for eliminating the possibility of irreducible individuality. The argument then goes on to defend and expand Peirce's theory of firstness, secondness, and thirdness as a more nearly adequate account of individuality. The discussion culminates with an interpretation of art as illustrating the essence of individuality. Brian Martine lays a foundation for a more complex discussion of what it means to be individual. This book provides an elegant account of the nature of the individual, without reducing it to a cluster of universals or claiming that it is a bare particular that must be acknowledged but never articulated. Martine gets in between universality and individuality in both a sensitive and responsible fashion.
Book Synopsis Biological Individuality by : Scott Lidgard
Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Scott Lidgard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals are things that everybody knows—or thinks they do. Yet even scholars who practice or analyze the biological sciences often cannot agree on what an individual is and why. One reason for this disagreement is that the many important biological individuality concepts serve very different purposes—defining, classifying, or explaining living structure, function, interaction, persistence, or evolution. Indeed, as the contributors to Biological Individuality reveal, nature is too messy for simple definitions of this concept, organisms too quirky in the diverse ways they reproduce, function, and interact, and human ideas about individuality too fraught with philosophical and historical meaning. Bringing together biologists, historians, and philosophers, this book provides a multifaceted exploration of biological individuality that identifies leading and less familiar perceptions of individuality both past and present, what they are good for, and in what contexts. Biological practice and theory recognize individuals at myriad levels of organization, from genes to organisms to symbiotic systems. We depend on these notions of individuality to address theoretical questions about multilevel natural selection and Darwinian fitness; to illuminate empirical questions about development, function, and ecology; to ground philosophical questions about the nature of organisms and causation; and to probe historical and cultural circumstances that resonate with parallel questions about the nature of society. Charting an interdisciplinary research agenda that broadens the frameworks in which biological individuality is discussed, this book makes clear that in the realm of the individual, there is not and should not be a direct path from biological paradigms based on model organisms through to philosophical generalization and historical reification.
Download or read book The Giver written by Lois Lowry and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 2014 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Giver, the 1994 Newbery Medal winner, has become one of the most influential novels of our time. The haunting story centers on twelve-year-old Jonas, who lives in a seemingly ideal, if colorless, world of conformity and contentment. Not until he is given his life assignment as the Receiver of Memory does he begin to understand the dark, complex secrets behind his fragile community. This movie tie-in edition features cover art from the movie and exclusive Q&A with members of the cast, including Taylor Swift, Brenton Thwaites and Cameron Monaghan.
Book Synopsis From Groups to Individuals by : Frederic Bouchard
Download or read book From Groups to Individuals written by Frederic Bouchard and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-03-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biological and philosophical implications of the emergence of new collective individuals from associations of living beings. Our intuitive assumption that only organisms are the real individuals in the natural world is at odds with developments in cell biology, ecology, genetics, evolutionary biology, and other fields. Although organisms have served for centuries as nature's paradigmatic individuals, science suggests that organisms are only one of the many ways in which the natural world could be organized. When living beings work together—as in ant colonies, beehives, and bacteria-metazoan symbiosis—new collective individuals can emerge. In this book, leading scholars consider the biological and philosophical implications of the emergence of these new collective individuals from associations of living beings. The topics they consider range from metaphysical issues to biological research on natural selection, sociobiology, and symbiosis. The contributors investigate individuality and its relationship to evolution and the specific concept of organism; the tension between group evolution and individual adaptation; and the structure of collective individuals and the extent to which they can be defined by the same concept of individuality. These new perspectives on evolved individuality should trigger important revisions to both philosophical and biological conceptions of the individual. Contributors Frédéric Bouchard, Ellen Clarke, Jennifer Fewell, Andrew Gardner, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Charles J. Goodnight, Matt Haber, Andrew Hamilton, Philippe Huneman, Samir Okasha, Thomas Pradeu, Scott Turner, Minus van Baalen
Book Synopsis Individuals and Individuality by : Brian John Martine
Download or read book Individuals and Individuality written by Brian John Martine and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1984-06-30 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individuals and Individuality criticizes Hegels theory of dialectic for eliminating the possibility of irreducible individuality. The argument then goes on to defend and expand Peirces theory of firstness, secondness, and thirdness as a more nearly adequate account of individuality. The discussion culminates with an interpretation of art as illustrating the essence of individuality. Brian Martine lays a foundation for a more complex discussion of what it means to be individual. This book provides an elegant account of the nature of the individual, without reducing it to a cluster of universals or claiming that it is a bare particular that must be acknowledged but never articulated. Martine gets in between universality and individuality in both a sensitive and responsible fashion.
Book Synopsis Infinite Autonomy by : Jeffrey Church
Download or read book Infinite Autonomy written by Jeffrey Church and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: G. W. F. Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche are often considered the philosophical antipodes of the nineteenth century. In Infinite Autonomy, Jeffrey Church draws on the thinking of both Hegel and Nietzsche to assess the modern Western defense of individuality—to consider whether we were right to reject the ancient model of community above the individual. The theoretical and practical implications of this project are important, because the proper defense of the individual allows for the survival of modern liberal institutions in the face of non-Western critics who value communal goals at the expense of individual rights. By drawing from Hegelian and Nietzschean ideas of autonomy, Church finds a third way for the individual—what he calls the “historical individual,” which goes beyond the disagreements of the ancients and the moderns while nonetheless incorporating their distinctive contributions.
Book Synopsis Individuality and the Group by : Tom Postmes
Download or read book Individuality and the Group written by Tom Postmes and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2006-04-25 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social identity research has transformed psychology and the social sciences. Developed around intergroup relations, perspectives on social identity have now been applied fruitfully to a diverse array of topics and domains, including health, organizations and management, culture, politics and group dynamics. In many of these new areas, the focus has been on groups, but also very much on the autonomous individual. This has been an exciting development, and has prompted a rethinking of the relationship between personal identity and social identity - the issue of individuality in the group. This book brings together an international selection of prominent researchers at the forefront of this development. They reflect on this issue of individuality in the group, and on how thinking about social identity has changed. Together, these chapters chart a key development in the field: how social identity perspectives inform understanding of cohesion, unity and collective action, but also how they help us understand individuality, agency, autonomy, disagreement, and diversity within groups. This text is valuable to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying social psychology where intergroup relations and group processes are a central component. Given its wider reach, however, it will also be of interest to those in cognate disciplines where social identity perspectives have application potential.
Download or read book Self written by Richard Sorabji and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on classical antiquity and Western and Eastern philosophy, Richard Sorabji tackles in Self the question of whether there is such a thing as the individual self or only a stream of consciousness. According to Sorabji, the self is not an undetectable soul or ego, but an embodied individual whose existence is plain to see. Unlike a mere stream of consciousness, it is something that owns not only a consciousness but also a body. Sorabji traces historically the retreat from a positive idea of self and draws out the implications of these ideas of self on the concepts of life and death, asking: Should we fear death? How should our individuality affect the way we live? Through an astute reading of a huge array of traditions, he helps us come to terms with our uneasiness about the subject of self in an account that will be at the forefront of philosophical debates for years to come. “There has never been a book remotely like this one in its profusion of ancient references on ideas about human identity and selfhood . . . . Readers unfamiliar with the subject also need to know that Sorabji breaks new ground in giving special attention to philosophers such as Epictetus and other Stoics, Plotinus and later Neoplatonists, and the ancient commentators on Aristotle (on the last of whom he is the world's leading authority).”—Anthony A. Long, Times Literary Supplement
Book Synopsis The Roots of Respect by : Giovanni Giorgini
Download or read book The Roots of Respect written by Giovanni Giorgini and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the increasing concern for the issue of respect for persons displayed over the last decades by political philosophers, human-right thinkers, social and ethical theorists, a comprehensive treatment of the problem at stake from a historical-philosophical perspective is conspicuously absent. The present collection of essays aims to contribute to the fulfillment of this gap by offering a reconstruction of the seminal passages in the history of philosophy which testify to the evolution of the idea of respect for persons and the rich array of conceptual specifications that such an idea acquires across the centuries. By analysis of pivotal texts of ancient and modern contemporary philosophy, the volume will try to offer an articulated account of respect which, starting from its primeval connection with the search for esteem and the pursuit of human excellence, gradually evolves towards the recognition of the political status of each citizen and culminates into a true politics of human rights. Bringing together the expertise of classicists and scholars specialized in modern and contemporary philosophy, the volume is especially intended for scholars working in the fields of the history of philosophy, ethical and political theory.
Download or read book I and Thou written by Martin Buber and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2004-12-09 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The publication of Martin Buber's I and Thou was a great event in the religious life of the West.' Reinhold Niebuhr Martin Buber (1897-19) was a prolific and influential teacher and writer, who taught philosophy at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem from 1939 to 1951. Having studied philosophy and art at the universities of Vienna, Zurich and Berlin, he became an active Zionist and was closely involved in the revival of Hasidism. Recognised as a landmark of twentieth century intellectual history, I and Thou is Buber's masterpiece. In this book, his enormous learning and wisdom are distilled into a simple, but compelling vision. It proposes nothing less than a new form of the Deity for today, a new form of human being and of a good life. In so doing, it addresses all religious and social dimensions of the human personality. Translated by Ronald Gregor Smith>
Book Synopsis Individuality by : Jorge J. E. Gracia
Download or read book Individuality written by Jorge J. E. Gracia and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1988-01-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author begins by distinguishing six fundamental issues on the metaphysics of individuality. He then proceeds to examine the relation among these issues and to demonstrate that ignorance of the interrelationships has caused confusion in philosophy. In spite of the intricacy of the subject matter, the discussion is always clear, the arguments explicitly evaluated, and the solutions original. In addition, Gracia has assembled an array of historical and contemporary information, from Plato to Strawson, that is unavailable elsewhere.
Book Synopsis Possibility, Agency, and Individuality in Leibniz's Metaphysics by : Ohad Nachtomy
Download or read book Possibility, Agency, and Individuality in Leibniz's Metaphysics written by Ohad Nachtomy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-25 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals a thread that runs through Leibniz’s metaphysics: from his logical notion of possible individuals to his notion of actual, nested ones. It presents Leibniz’s subtle approach to possibility and explores some of its consequential repercussions in his metaphysics. The book provides an original approach to the questions of individuation and relations in Leibniz, offering a novel account of Leibniz’s notion of Nested Individuals.
Book Synopsis Biological Individuality by : Jack Wilson
Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Jack Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-08-28 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a book of interest to philosophers of biology, metaphysicians, and biologists."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Biological Individuality by : Scott Lidgard
Download or read book Biological Individuality written by Scott Lidgard and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: working together on individuality / Lynn K. Nyhart and Scott Lidgard -- The work of biological individuality: concepts and contexts / Scott Lidgard and Lynn K. Nyhart -- Cells, colonies, and clones: individuality in the volvocine algae / Matthew D. Herron -- Individuality and the control of life cycles / Beckett Sterner -- Discovering the ties that bind: cell-cell communication and the development of cell sociology / Andrew S. Reynolds -- Alternation of generations and individuality, 1851 / Lynn K. Nyhart and Scott Lidgard -- Spencer's evolutionary entanglement: from liminal individuals to implicit collectivities / Snait Gissis -- Biological individuality and enkapsis: from Martin Heidenhain's synthesiology to the völkisch national community / Olivier Rieppel -- Parasitology, zoology, and society in France, ca. 1880-1920 / Michael A. Osborne -- Metabolism, autonomy, and individuality / Hannah Landecker -- Bodily parts in the structure-function dialectic / Ingo Brigandt -- Commentaries: historical, biological, and philosophical perspectives -- Distrust that particular intuition: resilient essentialisms and empirical challenges in the history of biological individuality / James Elwick -- Biological individuality: a relational reading / Scott F. Gilbert -- Philosophical dimensions of individuality / Alan C. Love and Ingo Brigandt
Book Synopsis A Theory of Linguistic Individuality for Authorship Analysis by : Andrea Nini
Download or read book A Theory of Linguistic Individuality for Authorship Analysis written by Andrea Nini and published by Elements in Forensic Linguisti. This book was released on 2023-06-15 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces a formal theory of linguistic individuality, a perspective-changing framework moving the field towards more cognitively realistic methods of authorship analysis.
Book Synopsis Individuality and the Group by : Tom Postmes
Download or read book Individuality and the Group written by Tom Postmes and published by Pine Forge Press. This book was released on 2006-04-25 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social identity research has transformed psychology and the social sciences. Developed around intergroup relations, perspectives on social identity have now been applied fruitfully to a diverse array of topics and domains, including health, organizations and management, culture, politics and group dynamics. In many of these new areas, the focus has been on groups, but also very much on the autonomous individual. This has been an exciting development, and has prompted a rethinking of the relationship between personal identity and social identity - the issue of individuality in the group. This book brings together an international selection of prominent researchers at the forefront of this development. They reflect on this issue of individuality in the group, and on how thinking about social identity has changed. Together, these chapters chart a key development in the field: how social identity perspectives inform understanding of cohesion, unity and collective action, but also how they help us understand individuality, agency, autonomy, disagreement, and diversity within groups. This text is valuable to advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying social psychology where intergroup relations and group processes are a central component. Given its wider reach, however, it will also be of interest to those in cognate disciplines where social identity perspectives have application potential.
Book Synopsis Individuality in Late Antiquity by : Alexis Torrance
Download or read book Individuality in Late Antiquity written by Alexis Torrance and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Late antiquity is increasingly recognised as a period of important cultural transformation. One of its crucial aspects is the emergence of a new awareness of human individuality. In this book an interdisciplinary and international group of scholars documents and analyses this development. Authors assess the influence of seminal thinkers, including the Gnostics, Plotinus, and Augustine, but also of cultural and religious practices such as astrology and monasticism, as well as, more generally, the role played by intellectual disciplines such as grammar and Christian theology. Broad in both theme and scope, the volume serves as a comprehensive introduction to late antique understandings of human individuality.
