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Impact Of Federal Student Aid On Completion Rates In The California Community Colleges System
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Book Synopsis Impact of Federal Student Aid on Completion Rates in the California Community Colleges System by : Lundon Creshett Jackson
Download or read book Impact of Federal Student Aid on Completion Rates in the California Community Colleges System written by Lundon Creshett Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to determine the overall impact of student aid, the level of impact of federal grants and loans, and identify any correlation between the price of attendance and federal student aid (FSA). Completion rates in the California Community Colleges (CCC) system was the dependent variable and measurement of impact. This nonexperimental quantitative study used existing data from cohorts in academic years 2000 through 2006 from Title IV institutions within the CCC system. Several findings emerged from this study including: 1. A significant population access student aid and completion rates increase with the average award amount; 2. completion is not supported when fewer students access student aid and affordability from lower fees causes an increase in the student population; 3. the population accessing federal grant aid provide accountability in completion, but not federal student loans; 4. students attending the CCC system access federal grants more, but there has been a gradual shift to federal loans; and 5. a statistically significant relationship between price of attendance and the average amount awarded through federal grants and loans positively impact completion rates. Since there is a dearth of knowledge on completion rates and accountability of FSA these findings are significant. As the costs associated with enrollment in higher education continue to rise the role of FSA has become an increasingly important topic of concern. Findings and recommendations from this study can be used as a tool for policymakers and educational leaders to make informed decisions about FSA funding. This analysis of accountability systems and affordability addresses equity in not only access, but also success in the CCC system.
Book Synopsis Student Aid And Completion In The California Community Colleges System by : Lundon Jackson
Download or read book Student Aid And Completion In The California Community Colleges System written by Lundon Jackson and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As an instrument of access, the Federal Student Aid (FSA) system is a patchwork of policy that has evolved into a multi-billion dollar industry. There is little argument FSA increases access to higher education for those living in poverty, but there is a dearth of knowledge on its impact to completion rates. This research focuses on the California Community Colleges (CCC) system which enrolls a quarter of all undergraduates in the nation. In examining the CCC and FSA systems there was three objectives: (1) link affordability and access to aid with completion, (2) find accountability from the amount of aid awarded with completion, and (3) correlate FSA as a tool of persistence to promote equity in both access and success in higher education. The enormity of students accessing both the CCC and FSA systems has a direct link to the economic and workforce outcomes within the state, but also on a national and international level. Therefore, it is essential to understand how these two systems amalgamate and impact student outcomes.
Book Synopsis The Guaranteed Student Loan Program in the California Community Colleges by : California Community Colleges. Financial Aid Policy Task Force
Download or read book The Guaranteed Student Loan Program in the California Community Colleges written by California Community Colleges. Financial Aid Policy Task Force and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Can Tuition Increases Improve Student Outcomes in California Community Colleges? by : Eric Stern
Download or read book Can Tuition Increases Improve Student Outcomes in California Community Colleges? written by Eric Stern and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At California community colleges, books can cost more than tuition. At less than $80 a class, California charges the lowest community college tuition in the country, a testament to the state's commitment to providing its residents with an affordable college education. While the low tuition may help get students into the classroom, the tuition policy may not be helping students stay in the classroom. Studies have shown that California community college students are dropping one of every five courses midway through the semester. Policy analysts have suggested that higher tuition might motivate students to choose their courses more carefully and to stick out tougher courses. This study examines how price and other factors contribute to a community college's course-completion rate. Using data obtained from the California Community College Chancellor's Office, course completion is modeled using regression analysis with broad casual inputs (price, student demographics, school characteristics, and economic conditions). The statistical analysis is used to isolate how tuition changes in California community colleges from 2002-2008 can influence course-completion rates. The analysis confirmed a statistically significant, positive relationship between tuition and course completion. Though the predictive effect is small -- and is likely moderated by the high percentage of students not paying any tuition due to fee waivers -- small changes can carry long-term impacts on a community college system on the scale of California. With students enrolled in 4 million courses, a 38 percent tuition hike approved by the state Legislature in 2011 could lead to students completing up to 10,000 more classes statewide and staying on track to transfer to a university, earn a degree, or complete other goals. Larger tuition increases that have been proposed would motivate students to complete even more courses. An even larger potential impact on course completion could occur if proposed changes to the state's fee waiver policy are made, such as requiring waiver recipients to make satisfactory academic progress or reducing the number of students not paying any tuition by replacing the fee waiver with a traditional need-based financial aid model.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Working College Student by : Laura W. Perna
Download or read book Understanding the Working College Student written by Laura W. Perna and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-14 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How appropriate for today and for the future are the policies and practices of higher education that largely assume a norm of traditional-age students with minimal on-campus, or no, work commitments?Despite the fact that work is a fundamental part of life for nearly half of all undergraduate students – with a substantial number of “traditional” dependent undergraduates in employment, and working independent undergraduates averaging 34.5 hours per week – little attention has been given to how working influences the integration and engagement experiences of students who work, especially those who work full-time, or how the benefits and costs of working differ between traditional age-students and adult students.The high, and increasing, prevalence and intensity of working among both dependent and independent students raises a number of important questions for public policymakers, college administrators, faculty, academic advisors, student services and financial aid staff, and institutional and educational researchers, including: Why do so many college students work so many hours? What are the characteristics of undergraduates who work? What are the implications of working for students’ educational experiences and outcomes? And, how can public and institutional policymakers promote the educational success of undergraduate students who work? This book offers the most complete and comprehensive conceptualization of the “working college student” available. It provides a multi-faceted picture of the characteristics, experiences, and challenges of working college students and a more complete understanding of the heterogeneity underlying the label “undergraduates who work” and the implications of working for undergraduate students’ educational experiences and outcomes. The volume stresses the importance of recognizing the value and contribution of adult learners to higher education, and takes issue with the appropriateness of the term “non-traditional” itself, both because of the prevalence of this group, and because it allows higher education institutions to avoid considering changes that will meet the needs of this population, including changes in course offerings, course scheduling, financial aid, and pedagogy.
Book Synopsis Addressing Disparities in Postsecondary Success by : Elizabeth Zeiger Friedmann
Download or read book Addressing Disparities in Postsecondary Success written by Elizabeth Zeiger Friedmann and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More students are enrolling in college than ever before, and the returns to a college degree are significant, including higher wages, lower unemployment rates, better health outcomes and inter-generational improvements. In 2012, college graduates on average earned $17,500 more annually than a high school graduate (Taylor, Parker, Morin, Fry, Patten & Brown, 2014). Broad access institutions, which include community colleges and nonselective four-year institutions, represent the majority of college students and institutions. But the number of students completing college degrees has not risen as quickly as college enrollment, especially for certain groups. Low-income and minority students are less likely to complete degrees, even after controlling for student characteristics (Bailey & Dynarski, 2011). My dissertation is comprised of three papers examining financial aid at California community colleges. California has a long history of public support for higher education. California’s 1965 Master Plan defined public higher education segments with the commitment for providing public higher education for all willing and able students, including the University of California (UC)—reserved for the State’s top one-eighth of high school graduates, California State University (CSU)—reserved for the State’s top one-third of high school graduates, and the California Community College (CCC) systems—reserved for anyone “capable of benefiting from instruction”. Each of my three papers uses administrative data on the census of all community college students in California collected by the California Community College Chancellor’s Office. California’s community college system is the largest in the nation with 113 institutions serving over 2.1 million students each year. Nationwide, over 10 million students enrolled in a community college in 2012, representing 37 percent of all college students (National Center for Education Statistics, 2015). But in California, the share of students enrolling in community college is much higher; 60 percent of all California college students were enrolled in a community college in 2012 (National Center for Education Statistics, 2015). The first paper of this dissertation provides a descriptive landscape of financial aid at California community colleges, including trends in financial aid receipt, differences in student characteristics of aid recipients and combinations of financial aid programs. Historically, the California Community College system had the lowest two-year fees in the nation, but fees have more than doubled since 2002 (Ma, Baum, Pender & Bell, 2015). Results from this descriptive work reveal a complex picture of financial aid receipt among California community college students. The second paper closely examines the effect of requiring the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) at one community college campus on a variety of outcomes. In 2002, Barstow Community College began requiring the FAFSA for all students applying for the state fee waiver program. To estimate the effect of this policy change on Pell Grant receipt, I use a difference-in-differences approach comparing Barstow to a similar nearby college before and after the policy change. Results show that the policy change had negative effects on FAFSA submission, fee waiver receipt and Pell-eligibility for all students in the first year after the policy change. But analysis for two years after the program was enacted indicates that the negative effects might be short-term, and could possibly rebound after the policy is in place for longer. These results provide valuable insight into the effects of FAFSA’s complexity and institutional policies on financial aid receipt. Finally, the third paper of this dissertation examines the effects of the Year-round Pell Grant program. Pell recipients are typically only eligible for one award per year. However, in 2008, Congress authorized the Year-round Pell Grant, which allowed students to receive a second Pell Grant in the same fiscal year. This paper uses a difference-in-differences approach to estimate the effect of the Year-round Pell Grant on California community college summer enrollment. Overall, results from this paper show that the Year-round Pell Grant had a positive significant effect on short-term summer enrollment, with larger effects for the lowest-income Pell Grant recipients and students with higher enrollment intensity. There is interest in reinstating the program, but there is very limited research on the effects of the initial program. This paper provides evidence of how the Year-round Pell Grant increased community college summer enrollment. Overall, this dissertation contributes to the limited research on take-up and effects of financial aid at the two-year level. Given the large numbers of students who begin their postsecondary schooling at community colleges, many of them low-income, it is useful to investigate the effects of financial aid at these broad access institutions. California is an ideal setting for this study because over 20 percent of the nation’s community college students are in California, and its 113 campuses represent an enormous amount of institutional diversity.
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :194 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Oversight on Impact of Federal Student Aid Reductions by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities
Download or read book Oversight on Impact of Federal Student Aid Reductions written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources. Subcommittee on Education, Arts, and Humanities and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of Pell Grants on Academic Outcomes for Low-Income California Community College Students. MPR Research Brief by : Jennie H. Woo
Download or read book The Impact of Pell Grants on Academic Outcomes for Low-Income California Community College Students. MPR Research Brief written by Jennie H. Woo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines whether financial aid, specifically federal Pell grants, is associated with academic success for low-income community college students in California. Previous studies in this series of MPR Research Briefs have examined transfer patterns and the types of financial aid typically received by students in this sector. This report focused on low-income students, identified as such because they received need-based financial aid in their first year of enrollment. Almost all students at California community colleges who received financial aid got it from one of two sources: federal Pell grants and Board of Governors (BOG) fee waivers. This study is based on data files from the California Community College Chancellor's Office Management Information System (COMIS). The study examined data for two student cohorts. The first cohort was composed of those who first enrolled in a California community college in 2000-01 and had outcome variables three and six years later (in 2003 and 2006), and the second cohort was students who began in 2003-04 and had outcomes three years later (in 2006). This permits extensive examination of the characteristics of aid recipients for two time periods, as well as an analysis of the academic progress of a group of low-income students over a significant period of time. (Contains 5 tables and 1 chart.).
Book Synopsis Catechismus oft Kort begryp van Christelycke Leeringe... ; Gedruckt door Ordonnantie van Syne Doorluchtigheye den Aerts-Bisschop van Cameryck... by :
Download or read book Catechismus oft Kort begryp van Christelycke Leeringe... ; Gedruckt door Ordonnantie van Syne Doorluchtigheye den Aerts-Bisschop van Cameryck... written by and published by . This book was released on 1620 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Increasing College Completion Rates in California by : Natalie Rose Wagner
Download or read book Increasing College Completion Rates in California written by Natalie Rose Wagner and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study has been to identify how financial aid and other factors influence college graduation rates, and to make recommendations on policies that could be used to increase graduation rates at public colleges in California. I obtained data on all four-year public degree-granting colleges in the United States and used regression analysis to identify the factors that impact college graduation rates and measure the magnitude of the impact to determine which factors in my data set are the largest contributors to graduation rates. My regression analysis included financial aid factors (the percentage of students at a college receiving different forms of aid, average amounts received, and the percentage of financial aid dollars distributed to different income groups), college factors (selectivity, tuition and fees, total enrollment, remedial services, etc), student factors (percentage of students at the college in different age, race/ethnicity, and gender groups); and social factors, which are characteristics of the state in which the student resides (percentage in different age and race ethnicity categories, the percentage of individuals who own their home, percentage single parents, etc). While my initial intent was to focus primarily on financial aid factors, I found these variables to have a smaller impact on graduation rates than many of the other explanatory variables included in my model. After identifying the impact that these factors have on college graduation rates, I used my regression model to identify colleges that are doing much better than predicted (and those doing worse) at graduating students in six years, all factors held constant. I studied the top and bottom performing schools in the UC and CSU systems and identified things that the top colleges are doing to increase graduation rates that were not controlled for in my regression model. As I was studying the colleges, I looked at various types of support provided to students including financial support (financial aid) and also social and academic support services. I also looked at the mission and culture of the colleges doing well compared to those doing poorly. My study did not lead to specific recommendations on additional policy changes that should be made to California0́9s state financial aid programs and services to increase graduation rates. However, I found some differences in the information and resources provided to students regarding financial aid between the best and worst performing colleges. In my concluding chapter, I make recommendations on things that California's public colleges could do to increase graduation rates, both related and unrelated to financial aid. I also provide some general policy recommendations for the state that could be implemented to increase the percentage of students at public colleges in California that earn a bachelor's degree in six years.
Book Synopsis A Quasi-experimental Estimate of the Impact of Financial Aid on College-going by : Thomas J. Kane
Download or read book A Quasi-experimental Estimate of the Impact of Financial Aid on College-going written by Thomas J. Kane and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although state and federal governments heavily subsidize the price of college, estimates of the impact of these subsidies on college enrollment have not been well-identified. I use a regression discontinuity design to study the impact of the CalGrant program in California on college going. Eligibility requires students to meet minimum thresholds on three characteristics: income, assets and high school Grade Point Average. Because there are several dimensions of eligibility, the analysis allows for specification tests, estimating any discontinuities along a given dimension of eligibility, dependent upon whether one satisfied the other two dimensions of eligibility. The paper uses a novel data collection strategy to measure subsequent college enrollment for 150,000 financial aid applicants in 1998 and 1999. The results suggest large impacts (3 to 4 percentage points) of grant eligibility on college enrollment among financial aid applicants, with larger impacts on the choice of private four-year colleges in California.
Book Synopsis A Report to the California Legislature from the Student Financial Aid Policy Study Group by : California. Student Financial Aid Policy Study Group
Download or read book A Report to the California Legislature from the Student Financial Aid Policy Study Group written by California. Student Financial Aid Policy Study Group and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Post-Recession Community College Reform by : Chet Jordan
Download or read book Post-Recession Community College Reform written by Chet Jordan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyses and evaluates several key community college reform programs that emerged after the Recession of 2008 and as a result of major initiatives in California, New York, Tennessee, Florida, Connecticut and Wisconsin. Because of the economic downturn in the early 21st Century, an already eroding financial base for public higher education saw even further losses. At the same time, enrollments were booming, particularly in the two-year sector where many students who would have traditionally forgone a college education, were now enrolling to ensure their competitiveness in a harsh labor market. Chapters in this book examine the development and implementation of initiatives and accountability measures imposed across the states by the Obama administration, and consider their effectiveness in reducing the impact of the loss of students, and their role in improving courses. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers exploring the history of education in the United States, as well as academic administrators, faculty, and policy-makers with an interest in reform-based practices that have been successfully implemented in community colleges.
Book Synopsis The College Aid Quandary by : Lawrence Gladieux
Download or read book The College Aid Quandary written by Lawrence Gladieux and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, millions of American families struggle with the expense of higher education. For the past fifty years, the U.S. government has helped students and families pay for college; but with the entire domestic policy agenda in flux, federal aid to education hangs in the balance. This book analyzes government policies for helping students pay for education beyond high school. It is being published at a time when aid to education is a prominent issue in battles over the federal budget and policymakers are debating the need for and effectiveness of federal student assistance programs. Starting with the post-World War II GI Bill, the book reviews the 50-year history of federal student aid legislation, assesses the results, and identifies trends and problems that cloud the future of this critically important national effort. The authors draw on the thinking of the country's top experts in examining the rationale and structure of the student aid system and how it might more effectively expand college opportunities while ensuring educational quality. Their analysis encourages policymakers to consider the multiple objectives of government aid—not just getting more students into college, but promoting student success and degree completion. The book offers a framework for future policy debates aimed at improving a system vital to America's economic future and its continued promise of opportunity. Copublished with the College Board / Dialogue on Public Policy
Book Synopsis The Impact of Federal Financial Aid Policy Changes on Community College Students by :
Download or read book The Impact of Federal Financial Aid Policy Changes on Community College Students written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Plan for Implementing a Differential Cost Funding System for the California Community Colleges by : California Community Colleges. Chancellor's Office
Download or read book A Plan for Implementing a Differential Cost Funding System for the California Community Colleges written by California Community Colleges. Chancellor's Office and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Redesigning America’s Community Colleges by : Thomas R. Bailey
Download or read book Redesigning America’s Community Colleges written by Thomas R. Bailey and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-09 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, 1,200 community colleges enroll over ten million students each year—nearly half of the nation’s undergraduates. Yet fewer than 40 percent of entrants complete an undergraduate degree within six years. This fact has put pressure on community colleges to improve academic outcomes for their students. Redesigning America’s Community Colleges is a concise, evidence-based guide for educational leaders whose institutions typically receive short shrift in academic and policy discussions. It makes a compelling case that two-year colleges can substantially increase their rates of student success, if they are willing to rethink the ways in which they organize programs of study, support services, and instruction. Community colleges were originally designed to expand college enrollments at low cost, not to maximize completion of high-quality programs of study. The result was a cafeteria-style model in which students pick courses from a bewildering array of choices, with little guidance. The authors urge administrators and faculty to reject this traditional model in favor of “guided pathways”—clearer, more educationally coherent programs of study that simplify students’ choices without limiting their options and that enable them to complete credentials and advance to further education and the labor market more quickly and at less cost. Distilling a wealth of data amassed from the Community College Research Center (Teachers College, Columbia University), Redesigning America’s Community Colleges offers a fundamental redesign of the way two-year colleges operate, stressing the integration of services and instruction into more clearly structured programs of study that support every student’s goals.
