Historiography In Saudi Arabia

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Historiography in Saudi Arabia

Author : Jörg Matthias Determann
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857734458
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Historiography in Saudi Arabia by : Jörg Matthias Determann

Download or read book Historiography in Saudi Arabia written by Jörg Matthias Determann and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saudi Arabia is generally and justifiably viewed as a country with the fewest democratic institutions and the weakest traditions of pluralism in the world. It is therefore surprising to learn that at least in one corner of the Saudi world, there is a plurality voices. Jörg Matthias Determann brings this element to light by analysing an important field of cultural activity in Saudi Arabia: historical writing. By exploring the emergence of a plurality of historical narratives in the absence of formal political pluralism, Determann seeks to paint a more nuanced picture of Saudi Arabia than has previously been drawn. Since the 1920s local, tribal, Shi'i and dynastic histories have contributed to a growing plurality of narratives, diverging from and contesting the histories which focus on the royal family. Instead, they have emphasized the communities' historical independence from the House of Saud or asserting the communities' importance in Saudi national history. In addition to this, during the 1970s, distinct social and economic histories began to be developed, new narratives which have described important historical events evolving from wider social and economic factors rather than resulting from the actions of individual rulers or communities. Paradoxically, this happened because of the expansion of the Saudi state, including state-provision of mass education. A variety of previously illiterate and relatively poor sections of Saudi society, including former Bedouin, were thus empowered to produce histories which, while conformist for the most part, also provided a vehicle for dissenting voices. Furthermore, Determann argues that this proliferation of alternative histories is also due to globalizing processes, such as the spread of the internet. It is through this phenomenon that narrative plurality has been facilitated, by putting Saudi historians in contact with different ideologies, methodologies and source material from abroad. In challenging the widely-held perception of Saudi Arabia as an irredeemably closed and monolithic society, Historiography in Saudi Arabia provides a deeper understanding of modern Arab historiography, the Saudi state, and education and scholarship in the Middle East.

The History of Saudi Arabia

Author : Alexei Vassiliev
Publisher : Saqi
ISBN 13 : 0863567797
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (635 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Saudi Arabia by : Alexei Vassiliev

Download or read book The History of Saudi Arabia written by Alexei Vassiliev and published by Saqi. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How has Saudi Arabia managed to maintain its Arab and Islamic values while at the same time adopting Western technology and a market economy? How have its hereditary leaders, who govern with a mixture of political pragmatism and religious zeal, managed to maintain their power? This comprehensive history of Saudi Arabia from 1745 to the present provides insight into its culture and politi, its powerful oil industry, its relations with its neighbours, and the ongoing influence of the Wahhabi movement. Based on a wealth of Arab, American, British, Western and Eastern European sources, this book will stand as the definitive account of the largest state on the Arabian peninsula. A Choice Outstanding Academic Book 'If you read or own just one book on Saudi Arabia, make sure it is this one' -- Middle East Quarterly 'Combines a wealth of fascinating detail with rigorous and penetrating analysis.' -- Bernard Lewis 'An outstanding book: a study of the Saudi state rich in historical documentation. Comprehensive and measured.' -- Fred Halliday 'It will become required reading for all those interested in the country's shaping and development over the past two centuries.' -- Tim Niblock

A History of Saudi Arabia

Author : Madawi al-Rasheed
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 052176128X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (217 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Saudi Arabia by : Madawi al-Rasheed

Download or read book A History of Saudi Arabia written by Madawi al-Rasheed and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition covers the political, economic and social developments in Saudi Arabia since 9/11 to the present day.

Archive Wars

Author : Rosie Bsheer
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503612589
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Archive Wars by : Rosie Bsheer

Download or read book Archive Wars written by Rosie Bsheer and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-22 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the Saudi Arabian monarchy’s efforts to construct and disseminate a historical narrative to legitimize its rule. The production of history is premised on the selective erasure of certain pasts and the artifacts that stand witness to them. From the elision of archival documents to the demolition of sacred and secular spaces, each act of destruction is also an act of state building. Following the 1991 Gulf War, political elites in Saudi Arabia pursued these dual projects of historical commemoration and state formation with greater fervor to enforce their postwar vision for state, nation, and economy. Seeing Islamist movements as the leading threat to state power, they sought to de-center religion from educational, cultural, and spatial policies. With this book, Rosie Bsheer explores the increasing secularization of the postwar Saudi state and how it manifested in assembling a national archive and reordering urban space in Riyadh and Mecca. The elites’ project was rife with ironies: in Riyadh, they employed world-renowned experts to fashion an imagined history, while at the same time in Mecca they were overseeing the obliteration of a thousand-year-old topography and its replacement with commercial megaprojects. Archive Wars shows how the Saudi state’s response to the challenges of the Gulf War served to historicize a national space, territorialize a national history, and ultimately refract both through new modes of capital accumulation. Praise for Archive Wars “An instant classic. With incredible insight, creativity, and courage, Rosie Bsheer peels away the political and institutional barriers that have so long mystified others seeking to understand Saudi Arabia. Bsheer tells us remarkable new things about the exercise and meaning of power in today’s Saudi Arabia.” —Toby Jones, Rutgers University, author of Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia “There are now two distinct eras in the writing of Saudi Arabian history: before Rosie Bsheer’s Archive Wars and after.” —Robert Vitalis, University of Pennsylvania, author of Oilcraft “Archive Wars explores with conceptual brilliance and historical aplomb the various forms of historical erasure central not just to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia but to all modern states. In a finely-grained analysis, Rosie Bsheer rethinks the significance of archives, historicism, capital accumulation, and the remaking of the built environment. A must-read for all historians concerned with the materiality of modern state formation.” —Omnia El Shakry, University of California, Davis, author of The Great Social Laboratory: Subjects of Knowledge in Colonial and Postcolonial Egypt

A Brief History of Saudi Arabia, Third Edition

Author : James Wynbrandt
Publisher : Infobase Holdings, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1438199546
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis A Brief History of Saudi Arabia, Third Edition by : James Wynbrandt

Download or read book A Brief History of Saudi Arabia, Third Edition written by James Wynbrandt and published by Infobase Holdings, Inc. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brief History of Saudi Arabia, Third Edition provides a clear, lively, and comprehensive account of the history of Saudi Arabia from ancient times to the present day. It relates the central events that have shaped the country and details their significance in historical context, touching on all aspects of the history of the country, from political, international, and economic affairs to cultural and social developments. Illustrated with full-color maps and photographs, and accompanied by a chronology, bibliography, and suggested reading, this accessible overview is ideal for the general reader. Coverage includes: Arabia: The Land and Its Pre-Islamic History The Birth of Islam The Islamic Empire and Arabia The Golden Age of Islam The Mamluks, the Ottomans, and the Wahhabi–Al Saud Alliance The First Saudi State Roots of Modern Arabia Unity and Independence Birth of a Kingdom A Path to World Power Oil and Arms The Gulf Crisis and Its Aftermath Challenges and Cautious Reforms At the Center of a Regional Realignment

History of Saudi Arabia & Wahabism

Author : Anwar Haroon
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
ISBN 13 : 1493181475
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis History of Saudi Arabia & Wahabism by : Anwar Haroon

Download or read book History of Saudi Arabia & Wahabism written by Anwar Haroon and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2014-04-02 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At present, the world views Muslims as terrorists and Islam a religion of tyranny especially after 9/11. Thereafter, to my surprise the killing of Muslims right in the mosques and public places around the Muslim countries has become every day affair which I never heard in my life earlier. While so many sects like Wahabi, Qadiyani, Bahai, Ahmadi, Parvezi and many others emerged in the course of past two hundred years through the efforts of Britain. The most cruel and dangerous among them is Wahabi sect formed by Muhammad bin Abdul Wahab Najdi of Saudi Arabia, which declared whoever does not follow them among Muslims, taking their lives, property and their wives is permissible. King Abdul Azeez Ibn e Saud formed armed group by name “Ikhwan” who mercilessly killed thousands of Muslims in Najad. They killed even women, children and old at Taif and throw their dead bodies on the hills. They flattened the graves of the family of Holy Prophet and his companions in the grave yards of Makkah and Madinah. I got serious in finding out the cause of this bloody change and I happened to read the book “Tareekh Najad O Hijaz” written in Urdu language. The book also gives the details about Wahabism. So I translated this book in English and named it “History of Saudi Arabia and Wahabism”. The regime of Saudi Arabia is spending billions of dollars to spread Wahabism in Muslim countries as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wahhabi_movement Holy Book Quran in the Verse 5:8 says in this regard: "O ye who believe! Stand out firmly for God Almighty Allah, as witnesses to fair dealing, and let not the hatred of others to you make you swerve to wrong and depart from justice. Be just: that is next to piety: and fear Allah. For Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do" May God Almighty Guide Muslims towards Straight Path and Salvation. Amen.

Roads of Arabia

Author : Musée du Louvre
Publisher : Somogy Art Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Roads of Arabia by : Musée du Louvre

Download or read book Roads of Arabia written by Musée du Louvre and published by Somogy Art Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Documenting the recent studies conducted on a highly original, beautiful, and long-neglected site by excavation teams, this exploration reveals the hidden treasures of a near-eastern civilization. More than 350 art masterpieces, mostly unknown to a foreign public and dating from prehistoric times to modern days, introduce the life and culture of a land of exchanges located at the crossroad of major civilizations--including the Mediterraneans, Mesopotamians, and Indians--which today constitutes Saudi Arabia. The numerous testimonies include the necropolis of Hegra, a smaller version of Petra inscribed on the UNESCO World heritage list; Mecqua, the fortress of Teima, which shows strong Mesopotamian and Egyptian influence; and the Dedan site, which is characterized by monumental sculpture of Ptolemaic inspiration. Precious dishes and jewelry, monumental sculptures, temples, and palaces ornate with frescoes fill the pages of this sumptuous examination.

A Brief History of Saudi Arabia

Author : James Wynbrandt
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1438108303
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis A Brief History of Saudi Arabia by : James Wynbrandt

Download or read book A Brief History of Saudi Arabia written by James Wynbrandt and published by Infobase Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important U.S. ally in the Middle East

The Making of Saudi Arabia, 1916-1936

Author : Joseph Kostiner
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195360702
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Making of Saudi Arabia, 1916-1936 by : Joseph Kostiner

Download or read book The Making of Saudi Arabia, 1916-1936 written by Joseph Kostiner and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1993-12-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Making of Saudi Arabia focuses on the transformation of the Saudi state from a loose tribal confederation into a more organized, monarchical state, a process which evolved mainly between 1916 and 1936. The study analyzes the formation and evolution of Saudi Arabia's main state attributes: its territorial hub and borders, central government, and basic social and regional cohesion. Relying on a careful analysis of vast archival and other sources, Joseph Kostiner explains the historical dynamics of the myriad of relations among tribal groups, rulers, and British authorities in the Arabian Peninsula, and the changing nature of local political and social institutions. Contributing both to historical knowledge of the Middle East and to comparative analysis on tribes and states, this book offers new information and understanding of Saudi Arabia, one of the most important states in the Middle East. The strategies and dynamics of Saudi territorial expansion; the subsequent attempts to integrate new regions into a united kingdom; the institutionalization of Islamic and lay ruling bodies; the coexistence among nomadic and town-based populations, and the development of the Saudi "elite" are analyzed.

The Son King

Author : Madawi Al-Rasheed
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197580513
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis The Son King by : Madawi Al-Rasheed

Download or read book The Son King written by Madawi Al-Rasheed and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2018, journalist Jamal Khashoggi was murdered by Saudi regime operatives, shocking the international community and tarnishing the reputation of Muhammad bin Salman, the kingdom's young, reformist crown prince. Domestically, bin Salman's reforms have proven divisive, and his adoption of populist nationalism and fierce repression of diverse critical voices--religious scholars, feminists and dissident youth--have failed to silence a vibrant and well-connected Saudi society. Madawi Al-Rasheed lays bare the world of repression behind the crown prince's reforms. She dissects the Saudi regime's propaganda and progressive new image, while also dismissing Orientalist views that despotism is the only pathway to stable governance in the Middle East. Charting old and new challenges to the fragile Saudi nation from the kingdom's very inception, this blistering book exposes the dangerous contradictions at the heart of the Son King's Saudi Arabia.

Counter-Narratives

Author : M. Al-Rasheed
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1403981310
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Counter-Narratives by : M. Al-Rasheed

Download or read book Counter-Narratives written by M. Al-Rasheed and published by Springer. This book was released on 2004-03-17 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saudi Arabia and Yemen are two countries of crucial importance in the Middle East and yet our knowledge about them is highly limited, while typical ways of looking at the histories of these countries have impeded understanding. Counter-Narratives brings together a group of leading scholars of the Middle East using new theoretical and methodological approaches to cross-examine standard stories, whether as told by Westerners or by Saudis and Yemenis, and these are found wanting. The authors assess how grand historical narratives such as those produced by states and colonial powers are currently challenged by multiple historical actors, a process which generates alternative narratives about identity, the state and society.

A Military History of Modern Spain

Author : Wayne H. Bowen
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 157356723X
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis A Military History of Modern Spain by : Wayne H. Bowen

Download or read book A Military History of Modern Spain written by Wayne H. Bowen and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-09-30 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 19th and 20th centuries, Spain was a key player in the military conflagrations that created modern Europe. From the Napoleonic Wars, through the dress rehearsal for World War II that was the Spanish Civil War, to the grim struggle against terrorism today, the military history of modern Spain has both shaped and reflected larger forces beyond its borders. This volume traces the course of Spanish military history, primarily during the 20th century. Chapter 1 provides the foundation for the role of the Spanish Army at home (the War of Independence [Napoleonic War], the Carlist Wars, and pronunciamientos), abroad (Morocco, 1859-60), and as an instrument for Liberal reforms in Spain. Chapter 2 covers the period following the Spanish-American War as the Army redirected its focus to the Spanish Protectorate in northern Morocco. This chapter covers the Rif Rebellion (1921-27), the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera (1923-30) and concludes with the end of the monarchy and the establishment of the 2nd Republic in 1931. Chapters 3 and 4 present the two armies of the Spanish Civil War, as well as their relationship to the warring factions of Nationalists and Republicans. Chapter 5 looks at the Spanish Army during World War II on the Eastern Front (Russia), in its overseas colonies, as well as in Spain. De-colonialism is covered in chapter 6 as Spain, following the lead of the other European powers, began to shed itself of its African empire. Chapter 8 charts Spain's integration into the Western defense community in the 1950s, its membership in NATO, and its participation in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions in the Balkans and the Middle East. Chapter 9 focuses on Spain's struggle against terrorism, both the domestic Basques of ETA (Fatherland and Liberty) and the newer conflict against al-Qaeda and radical Islamic fundamentalism.

A History of Saudi Arabia

Author : Madawi al-Rasheed
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521644129
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (441 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Saudi Arabia by : Madawi al-Rasheed

Download or read book A History of Saudi Arabia written by Madawi al-Rasheed and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-07-11 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Saudi Arabia is a wealthy and powerful country which wields influence in the West and across the Islamic world. Yet it remains a closed society. Its history in the twentieth century is dominated by the story of state formation. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, Ibn Sa'ud fought a long campaign to bring together a disparate people from across the Arabian peninsula. In 1932 the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was born. Madawi al-Rasheed traces its extraordinary history from the age of emirates in the nineteenth century, through the 1990 Gulf War, to the present day. She fuses chronology with analysis, personal experience with oral histories, and draws on local and foreign documents to illuminate the social and cultural life of the Saudis. This is a rich and rewarding book which will be invaluable to students, and to all those trying to understand the enigma of Saudi Arabia.

Ancient South Arabia through History

Author : George Hatke
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527533700
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Ancient South Arabia through History by : George Hatke

Download or read book Ancient South Arabia through History written by George Hatke and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-25 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Arabia, an area encompassing all of today’s Yemen and neighboring regions in Saudi Arabia and Oman, is one of the least-known parts of the Near East. However, it is primarily due to its remoteness, coupled with the difficulty of access, that South Arabia remains under-researched, for this region was, in fact, very important during pre-Islamic times. By virtue of its location at the crossroads of caravan and maritime routes, pre-Islamic South Arabia linked the Near East with Africa and the Mediterranean with India. The region is also unique in that it has a written history extending as far back as the early first millennium BCE—a far longer history, indeed, than any other part of the Arabian Peninsula. The papers collected in this volume make a number of important contributions to the study of the history and languages of ancient South Arabia, as well as the history of the modern study of South Arabia’s past, which will be of interest to scholars and laypeople alike.

Saudi, Inc.: The Arabian Kingdom's Pursuit of Profit and Power

Author : Ellen R. Wald
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1681777185
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Saudi, Inc.: The Arabian Kingdom's Pursuit of Profit and Power by : Ellen R. Wald

Download or read book Saudi, Inc.: The Arabian Kingdom's Pursuit of Profit and Power written by Ellen R. Wald and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the most profitable company in the world, Saudi Aramco, and the story behind the family that ruthlessly maneuvered to control this multi-trillion dollar enterprise. The Saudi royal family and Aramco leadership are, and almost always have been, motivated by ambitions of long-term strength and profit. They use Islamic law, traditional ideology, and harsh justice to maintain stability and their own power, but underneath the thobes and abayas and behind the religious fanaticism and illiberalism lies a most sophisticated and ruthless business enterprise. Today, that corporation is poised to pull off the biggest IPO in history. Over more than a century, fed by ambition and oil wealth, al Saud, as the royal family is known, has come from next to nothing to rule as absolute monarchs, a contrast with the world around them and modernity itself. The story starts with Saudi Arabia's founder, Abdul Aziz, a lowly refugee embarking on a daring gambit to reconquer his family's ancestral home?the mud-walled city of Riyadh. It takes readers almost to present day, when the multinational family business has made al Saud the wealthiest family in the world and on the cusp of a new transformation. Now al Saud and its family business, Aramco, are embarking on their most ambitious move: taking the company public and preparing the country for the next generation.

Inside the Kingdom

Author : Robert Lacey
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 1101140739
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside the Kingdom by : Robert Lacey

Download or read book Inside the Kingdom written by Robert Lacey and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "It's all here-Islam, the family tree, a sea of oil and money to match, palace intrigue...This is high drama and an epic tale." -Tom Brokaw Though Saudi Arabia sits on one of the richest oil deposits in the world, it also produced fifteen of the nineteen 9/11 hijackers. In this immensely important book, journalist Robert Lacey draws on years of access to every circle of Saudi society giving readers the fullest portrait yet of a land straddling the worlds of medievalism and modernity. Moving from the bloody seizure of Mecca's Grand Mosque in 1979, through the Persian Gulf War, to the delicate U.S.-Saudi relations in a post 9/11 world, Inside the Kingdom brings recent history to vivid life and offers a powerful story of a country learning how not to be at war with itself.

Black Wave

Author : Kim Ghattas
Publisher : Henry Holt and Company
ISBN 13 : 1250131219
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Wave by : Kim Ghattas

Download or read book Black Wave written by Kim Ghattas and published by Henry Holt and Company. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times Notable Book of 2020 “[A] sweeping and authoritative history" (The New York Times Book Review), Black Wave is an unprecedented and ambitious examination of how the modern Middle East unraveled and why it started with the pivotal year of 1979. Kim Ghattas seamlessly weaves together history, geopolitics, and culture to deliver a gripping read of the largely unexplored story of the rivalry between between Saudi Arabia and Iran, born from the sparks of the 1979 Iranian revolution and fueled by American policy. With vivid story-telling, extensive historical research and on-the-ground reporting, Ghattas dispels accepted truths about a region she calls home. She explores how Sunni Saudi Arabia and Shia Iran, once allies and twin pillars of US strategy in the region, became mortal enemies after 1979. She shows how they used and distorted religion in a competition that went well beyond geopolitics. Feeding intolerance, suppressing cultural expression, and encouraging sectarian violence from Egypt to Pakistan, the war for cultural supremacy led to Iran’s fatwa against author Salman Rushdie, the assassination of countless intellectuals, the birth of groups like Hezbollah in Lebanon, the September 11th terrorist attacks, and the rise of ISIS. Ghattas introduces us to a riveting cast of characters whose lives were upended by the geopolitical drama over four decades: from the Pakistani television anchor who defied her country’s dictator, to the Egyptian novelist thrown in jail for indecent writings all the way to the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul in 2018. Black Wave is both an intimate and sweeping history of the region and will significantly alter perceptions of the Middle East.