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Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase As A Model To Investigate Protein Protein Interactions Non Canonical Protein Rna Interactions And Post Translational Modifications
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Book Synopsis Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase as a Model to Investigate Protein-protein Interactions, Non-canonical Protein-RNA Interactions, and Post-translational Modifications by : Michael R. White
Download or read book Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase as a Model to Investigate Protein-protein Interactions, Non-canonical Protein-RNA Interactions, and Post-translational Modifications written by Michael R. White and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of this dissertation is a highly collaborative and multifaceted look into clinically relevant aspects of the interactions of the homotetrameric enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). This work details the importance of basic and translational research centered on GAPDH structure and function as the enzyme has been linked to several cardiovascular, diabetic, neurologic, and tumorigenic disorders. The project consists of three components, outlined below.
Book Synopsis Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by : Michael A. Sirover
Download or read book Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) written by Michael A. Sirover and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-22 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH): The Quintessential Moonlighting Protein in Normal Cell Function and in Human Disease examines the biochemical protein interactions of the multi-dimensional protein GAPDH, further considering the regulatory mechanisms through which cells control their functional diversity. This protein's diverse activities range from nuclear tRNA export and the maintenance of genomic integrity, to cytoplasmic post-transcriptional control of gene expression and receptor mediated cell signaling, to membrane facilitation of iron metabolism, trafficking and fusion. This book will be of great interest to basic scientists, clinicians and students, including molecular and cell biologists, immunologists, pathologists and clinical researchers who are interested in the biochemistry of GAPDH in health and disease. - Contextualizes how GAPDH is utilized by cells in vivo - Provides detailed insight into GAPDH post-translational modifications, including functional diversity and its subcellular localization - Includes forward-thinking exposition on tough topics, such as the exploration of how GAPDG performs functions, how it decides where it should be present and requisite structural requirements
Book Synopsis Subunit Interactions and Cooperative Patterns of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Dehydrogenase by : Stephen Charles Mochrin
Download or read book Subunit Interactions and Cooperative Patterns of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate Dehydrogenase written by Stephen Charles Mochrin and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Computational Investigation of the Structure, Dynamics, and Functions of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) Relevant to Its Reactions with Nitric Oxide Donors by : Vinodbhai Parmar
Download or read book Computational Investigation of the Structure, Dynamics, and Functions of Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) Relevant to Its Reactions with Nitric Oxide Donors written by Vinodbhai Parmar and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), a well-known glycolytic enzyme, exhibits moonlighting functions, including catalysis of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) to release vasoactive nitrite (NO2-) or nitric oxide (NO). GTN catalysis generates a thionitrate (E-Cys-NO2) intermediate at the catalytic thiol of GAPDH. Thus, we investigated decomposition of CH3SNO2, a model compound for E-Cys-NO2, using state-of-the-art quantum mechanics techniques. We showed that the well-studied homolysis pathway, which releases NO, is energetically unfavorable. Instead, hydrolysis and thiolysis pathways that release NO2- are energetically favorable. The release of NO2- upon the attack of anionic nucleophiles (e.g. OH- or CH3S-) along the S-N bond is barrierless which could explain the instability of thionitrates in aqueous solutions. We also looked at the effect of protonation on the stability of the S-N bond of CH3SNO2 to mimic the effect of proton donation from the protein. We found that O- and S-protonation stabilize and destabilize the S-N bond, respectively. We evaluated the electronic structures of the protonated isoforms of CH3SNO2 to elucidate the observed stability/instability of the S-N bond. Further investigation of nitrite release by hydrolysis of E-Cys-NO2 in the active site of GAPDH using quantum mechanics / molecular mechanics (QM/MM) techniques revealed similar activation barriers as shown by the QM methods. Each subunit of the GAPDH homotetramer binds the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The tetramer binds NAD+ with negative cooperativity. We carried out normal mode analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of GAPDH-NAD+ to probe the mechanism of negative cooperativity and define the subunit interactions that contribute to this phenomenon. We compared the dynamics of GAPDH-NAD+, GAPDH-NADH, and apo-GAPDH and observed concerted motions between subunits of GAPDH-NAD+ and GAPDH-NADH. These motions are lost in apo-GAPDH, indicating that NAD+ binding induces these dominant and functionally relevant motions of GAPDH. We also indicated the changes in the NAD binding-site residues and active-site residues that are observed in the crystal structure of apo- vs. holo-GAPDH. Many moonlighting functions of GAPDH depend on its oligomeric state. MD simulations are thus carried out for the three oligomeric states, tetramer, dimer or monomer. Our study shows that the dimer and monomer are less stable than the tetramer and functionally important motions are centered on the NBDs in tetramer and dimer, but they are centered on the S-loop in the monomer. The importance of the dynamics of the S-loop are highlighted. This disordered loop in the dimer and particularly monomer could promote binding of the GAPDH dimer and monomer with multiple protein partners to affect different functions. We modeled GAPDH and the seven in absentia homolog 1 (Siah1) protein-protein interactions. By investigating complex formation between the different oligomeric states of each protein, we show that the GAPDH monomer binds more tightly to Siah1 than the GAPDH tetramer. Thus, GAPDH monomer could stabilize Siah1 and the complex could be translocated to the nucleus to initiate apoptosis. Overall, our study provides molecular-level insights into novel functions of GAPDH. We have highlighted the importance of the dynamics of its various structural domains, which contribute to the different functions of GAPDH.
Book Synopsis GAPDH: Biological Properties and Diversity by : Norbert W. Seidler
Download or read book GAPDH: Biological Properties and Diversity written by Norbert W. Seidler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-31 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents a comprehensive review and synthesis of the biomedical literature that spans over a half-century on a single protein called glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (or, GAPDH). Due to the protein’s involvement in a vast array of cellular activities, GAPDH is of interest to the cell biologist, immunologist, virologist, biochemist etc. The protein has a significant role in fertility, cancer and neurodegeneration, suggesting that this book can be a vital resource for drug development. GAPDH function may provide insight into anesthesia. Furthermore, GAPDH is highly conserved meaning that the protein found in microorganisms, such as pathogens, remained relatively unchanged in evolution. Pathogens use GAPDH as a virulence factor, offering a unique challenge in developing anti-microbial agents that target this protein. To the evolutionary biologist, a book on the multi-functionality of GAPDH provides a focal point for a cogent discussion on the very origin of life.
Book Synopsis Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation by : Alexander Bürkle
Download or read book Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation written by Alexander Bürkle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference on this post-translational modification of proteins, which is intimately linked with DNA repair, maintenance of genomic stability, transcriptional regulation, cell death and a variety of other cellular phenomena as well as with a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including ischemia-reperfusion damage, Parkinson’s disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, hemorrhagic and septic shock and other inflammatory conditions. Richly illustrated, it offers 19 chapters written by international experts.
Book Synopsis Phenotyping at Plant and Cell Levels: The Quest for Tolerant Crop Development, volume II by : Ulrich Schurr
Download or read book Phenotyping at Plant and Cell Levels: The Quest for Tolerant Crop Development, volume II written by Ulrich Schurr and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-22 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic is part of the Phenotyping at Plant and Cell Levels: The Quest for Tolerant Crop Development series: Phenotyping at Plant and Cell Levels: The Quest for Tolerant Crop Development This Research Topic aims at accelerating the discovery of crop varieties that are able to withstand environmental stresses, via the use of phenotyping approaches at the plant and cellular levels. Climate change is expected to have a drastic impact on agriculture, notably by impacting water availability, precipitations, temperatures, soil nutrients, and the incidence of diseases and pests. A better use of plant genetic resources and plant breeding are key to tackling this challenge from climate change and for food security. Many landraces and wild relatives of crops are conserved in seed and gene banks. These collections are potentially valuable for breeders, but are presently underexploited. Moreover, the contribution of the soil microbiome to enhance the performance of specific plant genotypes has been overlooked. The aim is to generate crops that are resistant against biotic stress or can tolerate abiotic stress without significant impact on their performance. Current studies in the field of sensor technologies and phenomics are mainly empirically based and do not link the phenotypic parameters to the molecular scale. Similarly, many molecular studies do not correlate their findings to the whole plant phenotype. The quantitative high throughput analysis of crop potential and behavior during stress is a form of Genotype x Environment interaction and is a major bottleneck. We urgently need to identify resilient genotypes and to understand the underlying mechanisms of this resilience. Phenotyping science is quickly developing to characterize plant behavior, it's dynamic dimensions, and to quantify features such as growth and stress resilience, which increasingly permit to link the phenotype to genetic control.
Book Synopsis Principles of Diabetes Mellitus by : Leonid Poretsky
Download or read book Principles of Diabetes Mellitus written by Leonid Poretsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease which affects approximately 150,000,000 worldwide. With its prevalence rising rapidly, diabetes continues to mystify and fascinate both practitioners and investigators by its elusive causes and multitude of This textbook is written for endocrinologists, specialists in other disciplines who treat diabetic patients, primary care physicians, housestaff and medical students. It covers, in a concise and clear manner, all aspects of the disease, from its pathogenesis on the molecular and cellular levels to its most modern therapy.
Book Synopsis Prokaryotic Metabolism and Physiology by : Byung Hong Kim
Download or read book Prokaryotic Metabolism and Physiology written by Byung Hong Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive and up-to-date review of key metabolic processes in bacteria and archaea and how metabolism is regulated under various conditions.
Book Synopsis Intrinsically Disordered Proteins by : Vladimir N. Uversky
Download or read book Intrinsically Disordered Proteins written by Vladimir N. Uversky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-05 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this brief, Vladimir Uversky discusses the paradigm-shifting phenomenon of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and hybrid proteins containing ordered domains and functional IDP regions (IDPRs). Beginning with an introduction to the concept of protein intrinsic disorder, Uversky then goes on to describe the peculiar amino acid sequences of IDPs, their structural heterogeneity, typical functions and disorder-based binding modes. In the final sections, Uversky discusses IDPs in human diseases and as potential drug targets. This volume provides a snapshot to researchers entering the field as well as providing a current overview for more experienced scientists in related areas.
Download or read book The Nucleolus written by Mark O. J. Olson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the past two decades, extraordinary new functions for the nucleolus have begun to appear, giving the field a new vitality and generating renewed excitement and interest. These new discoveries include both newly-discovered functions and aspects of its conventional role. The Nucleolus is divided into three parts: nucleolar structure and organization, the role of the nucleolus in ribosome biogenesis, and novel functions of the nucleolus.
Book Synopsis RNA-protein Interactions by : Kiyoshi Nagai
Download or read book RNA-protein Interactions written by Kiyoshi Nagai and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of RNA-protein interactions is crucial to understanding the mechanisms and control of gene expression and protein synthesis. The realization that RNAs are often far more biologically active than was previously appreciated has stimulated a great deal of new research in this field. Uniquely, in this book, the world's leading researchers have collaborated to produce a comprehensive and current review of RNA-protein interactions for all scientists working in this area. Timely, comprehensive, and authoritative, this new Frontiers title will be invaluable for all researchers in molecular biology, biochemistry and structural biology.
Download or read book Tumor Organoids written by Shay Soker and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer cell biology research in general, and anti-cancer drug development specifically, still relies on standard cell culture techniques that place the cells in an unnatural environment. As a consequence, growing tumor cells in plastic dishes places a selective pressure that substantially alters their original molecular and phenotypic properties.The emerging field of regenerative medicine has developed bioengineered tissue platforms that can better mimic the structure and cellular heterogeneity of in vivo tissue, and are suitable for tumor bioengineering research. Microengineering technologies have resulted in advanced methods for creating and culturing 3-D human tissue. By encapsulating the respective cell type or combining several cell types to form tissues, these model organs can be viable for longer periods of time and are cultured to develop functional properties similar to native tissues. This approach recapitulates the dynamic role of cell–cell, cell–ECM, and mechanical interactions inside the tumor. Further incorporation of cells representative of the tumor stroma, such as endothelial cells (EC) and tumor fibroblasts, can mimic the in vivo tumor microenvironment. Collectively, bioengineered tumors create an important resource for the in vitro study of tumor growth in 3D including tumor biomechanics and the effects of anti-cancer drugs on 3D tumor tissue. These technologies have the potential to overcome current limitations to genetic and histological tumor classification and development of personalized therapies.
Book Synopsis Cellular Mechanics and Biophysics by : Claudia Tanja Mierke
Download or read book Cellular Mechanics and Biophysics written by Claudia Tanja Mierke and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-30 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the mechanical properties of cells, discussing the basic concepts and processes in the fields of immunology, biology, and biochemistry. It introduces and explains state-of-the-art biophysical methods and examines the role of mechanical properties in the cell/protein interaction with the connective tissue microenvironment. The book presents a unique perspective on cellular mechanics and biophysics by combining the mechanical, biological, physical, biochemical, medical, and immunological views, highlighting the importance of the mechanical properties of cells and biophysical measurement methods. The book guides readers through the complex and growing field of cellular mechanics and biophysics, connecting and discussing research findings from different fields such as biology, cell biology, immunology, physics, and medicine. Featuring suggestions for further reading throughout and addressing a wide selection of biophysical topics, this book is an indispensable guide for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in the fields of cellular mechanics and biophysics.
Download or read book Lipid Domains written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up to date presentation of current knowledge in the field of Lipid Domains. - Written by leading experts - Contains original material, both textual and illustrative, that should become a very relevant reference material - The material is presented in a very comprehensive manner - Both researchers in the field and general readers should find relevant and up-to-date information
Book Synopsis Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions by : Phoebe A. Rice
Download or read book Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions written by Phoebe A. Rice and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2008-05-22 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides both in-depth background and up-to-date information in this area. The chapters are organized by general themes and principles, written by experts who illustrate topics with current findings. Topics covered include: - the role of ions and hydration in protein-nucleic acid interactions - transcription factors and combinatorial specificity - indirect readout of DNA sequence - single-stranded nucleic acid binding proteins - nucleic acid junctions and proteins, - RNA protein recognition - recognition of DNA damage. It will be a key reference for both advanced students and established scientists wishing to broaden their horizons.
Book Synopsis Innovative Medicine by : Kazuwa Nakao
Download or read book Innovative Medicine written by Kazuwa Nakao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to innovative medicine, comprising the proceedings of the Uehara Memorial Foundation Symposium 2014. It remains extremely rare for the findings of basic research to be developed into clinical applications, and it takes a long time for the process to be achieved. The task of advancing the development of basic research into clinical reality lies with translational science, yet the field seems to struggle to find a way to move forward. To create innovative medical technology, many steps need to be taken: development and analysis of optimal animal models of human diseases, elucidation of genomic and epidemiological data, and establishment of “proof of concept”. There is also considerable demand for progress in drug research, new surgical procedures, and new clinical devices and equipment. While the original research target may be rare diseases, it is also important to apply those findings more broadly to common diseases. The book covers a wide range of topics and is organized into three complementary parts. The first part is basic research for innovative medicine, the second is translational research for innovative medicine, and the third is new technology for innovative medicine. This book helps to understand innovative medicine and to make progress in its realization.
