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German Immigrants Race And Citizenship In The Civil War Era
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Book Synopsis German Immigrants, Race, and Citizenship in the Civil War Era by : Alison Clark Efford
Download or read book German Immigrants, Race, and Citizenship in the Civil War Era written by Alison Clark Efford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study reframes Civil War-era history, arguing that the Franco-Prussian War contributed to a dramatic pivot in Northern commitment to African-American rights.
Book Synopsis Germans in the Civil War by : Walter D. Kamphoefner
Download or read book Germans in the Civil War written by Walter D. Kamphoefner and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: German Americans were one of the largest immigrant groups in the Civil War era, and they comprised nearly 10 percent of all Union troops. Yet little attention has been paid to their daily lives--both on the battlefield and on the home front--during the war. This collection of letters, written by German immigrants to friends and family back home, provides a new angle to our understanding of the Civil War experience and challenges some long-held assumptions about the immigrant experience at this time. Originally published in Germany in 2002, this collection contains more than three hundred letters written by seventy-eight German immigrants--men and women, soldiers and civilians, from the North and South. Their missives tell of battles and boredom, privation and profiteering, motives for enlistment and desertion and for avoiding involvement altogether. Although written by people with a variety of backgrounds, these letters describe the conflict from a distinctly German standpoint, the editors argue, casting doubt on the claim that the Civil War was the great melting pot that eradicated ethnic antagonisms.
Book Synopsis Civil War Citizens by : Susannah J. Ural
Download or read book Civil War Citizens written by Susannah J. Ural and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2010-11-22 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At its core, the Civil War was a conflict over the meaning of citizenship. Most famously, it became a struggle over whether or not to grant rights to a group that stood outside the pale of civil-society: African Americans. But other groups--namely Jews, Germans, the Irish, and Native Americans--also became part of this struggle to exercise rights stripped from them by legislation, court rulings, and the prejudices that defined the age. Grounded in extensive research by experts in their respective fields, Civil War Citizens is the first volume to collectively analyze the wartime experiences of those who lived outside the dominant white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant citizenry of nineteenth-century America. The essays examine the momentous decisions made by these communities in the face of war, their desire for full citizenship, the complex loyalties that shaped their actions, and the inspiring and heartbreaking results of their choices-- choices that still echo through the United States today. Contributors: Stephen D. Engle, William McKee Evans, David T. Gleeson, Andrea Mehrländer, Joseph P. Reidy, Robert N. Rosen, and Susannah J. Ural.
Book Synopsis The Germans of Charleston, Richmond and New Orleans During the Civil War Period, 1850-1870 by : Andrea Mehrländer
Download or read book The Germans of Charleston, Richmond and New Orleans During the Civil War Period, 1850-1870 written by Andrea Mehrländer and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first monograph on the role of the German population minority in the southern states in the American Civil War. It points out that Germans were quite involved in the fighting and, for the most part, had a positive attitude towards slavery. A comparative analysis presents the German militia, the leaders, consuls, blockade breakers and businessmen of the cities of Charleston, Richmond and New Orleans. The appendix contains an extensive survey of primary and secondary sources, including a tabular list of relatives of ethnically German military units with names, origin, rank, vocation, income and number of slaves owned. The book can serve as an archives guide for further related work by historians, military researchers and genealogists.
Book Synopsis New Citizens by : Alison Clark Efford
Download or read book New Citizens written by Alison Clark Efford and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This work explores how German immigrants influenced the reshaping of American citizenship following the Civil War and emancipation. It takes a new approach to old questions: How did African American men achieve citizenship rights under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments? Why were those rights only inconsistently protected for over a century? German Americans had a distinctive effect on the outcome of Reconstruction because they contributed a significant number of votes to the ruling Republican Party, they remained sensitive to European events, and most of all, they were acutely conscious of their own status as new American citizens. Drawing on the rich yet largely untapped supply of German-language periodicals and correspondence in Missouri, Ohio, and Washington, D.C., I recover the debate over citizenship within the German-American public sphere and evaluate its national ramifications. Partisan, religious, and class differences colored how immigrants approached African American rights. Yet for all the divisions among German Americans, their collective response to the Revolutions of 1848 and the Franco-Prussian War and German unification in 1870 and 1871 left its mark on the opportunities and disappointments of Reconstruction.
Book Synopsis We are the Revolutionists by : Mischa Honeck
Download or read book We are the Revolutionists written by Mischa Honeck and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Choice Magazine Outstanding Academic Title Widely remembered as a time of heated debate over the westward expansion of slavery, the 1850s in the United States was also a period of mass immigration. As the sectional conflict escalated, discontented Europeans came in record numbers, further dividing the young republic over issues of race, nationality, and citizenship. The arrival of German-speaking “Forty-Eighters,” refugees of the failed European revolutions of 1848–49, fueled apprehensions about the nation's future. Reaching America did not end the foreign revolutionaries' pursuit of freedom; it merely transplanted it. In We Are the Revolutionists, Mischa Honeck offers a fresh appraisal of these exiled democrats by probing their relationship to another group of beleaguered agitators: America's abolitionists. Honeck details how individuals from both camps joined forces in the long, dangerous battle to overthrow slavery. In Texas and in cities like Milwaukee, Cincinnati, and Boston this cooperation helped them find new sources of belonging in an Atlantic world unsettled by massive migration and revolutionary unrest. Employing previously untapped sources to write the experience of radical German émigrés into the abolitionist struggle, Honeck elucidates how these interethnic encounters affected conversations over slavery and emancipation in the United States and abroad. Forty-Eighters and abolitionists, Honeck argues, made creative use not only of their partnerships but also of their disagreements to redefine notions of freedom, equality, and humanity in a transatlantic age of racial construction and nation making.
Book Synopsis Abolitionizing Missouri by : Kristen Layne Anderson
Download or read book Abolitionizing Missouri written by Kristen Layne Anderson and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2016-04-18 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historians have long known that German immigrants provided much of the support for emancipation in southern Border States. Kristen Layne Anderson's Abolitionizing Missouri, however, is the first analysis of the reasons behind that opposition as well as the first exploration of the impact that the Civil War and emancipation had on German immigrants' ideas about race. Anderson focuses on the relationships between German immigrants and African Americans in St. Louis, Missouri, looking particularly at the ways in which German attitudes towards African Americans and the institution of slavery changed over time. Anderson suggests that although some German Americans deserved their reputation for racial egalitarianism, many others opposed slavery only when it served their own interests to do so. When slavery did not seem to affect their lives, they ignored it; once it began to threaten the stability of the country or their ability to get land, they opposed it. After slavery ended, most German immigrants accepted the American racial hierarchy enough to enjoy its benefits, and had little interest in helping tear it down, particularly when doing so angered their native-born white neighbors. Anderson's work counters prevailing interpretations in immigration and ethnic history, where until recently, scholars largely accepted that German immigrants were solidly antislavery. Instead, she uncovers a spectrum of Germans' "antislavery" positions and explores the array of individual motives driving such diverse responses.. In the end, Anderson demonstrates that Missouri Germans were more willing to undermine the racial hierarchy by questioning slavery than were most white Missourians, although after emancipation, many of them showed little interest in continuing to demolish the hierarchy that benefited them by fighting for black rights.
Book Synopsis Germans in America by : Walter D. Kamphoefner
Download or read book Germans in America written by Walter D. Kamphoefner and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a fresh look at the Germans—the largest and perhaps the most diverse foreign-language group in 19th century America. Drawing upon the latest findings from both sides of the Atlantic, emphasizing history from the bottom up and drawing heavily upon examples from immigrant letters, this work presents a number of surprising new insights. Particular attention is given to the German-American institutional network, which because of the size and diversity of the immigrant group was especially strong. Not just parochial schools, but public elementary schools in dozens of cities offered instruction in the mother tongue. Only after 1900 was there a slow transition to the English language in most German churches. Still, the anti-German hysteria of World War I brought not so much a sudden end to cultural preservation as an acceleration of a decline that had already begun beforehand. It is from this point on that the largest American ethnic group also became the least visible, but especially in rural enclaves, traces of the German culture and language persisted to the end of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Radical Relationships by : Alison Clark Efford
Download or read book Radical Relationships written by Alison Clark Efford and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2021-09 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of intimate letters reveals the remarkable radicalism—personal and political—of Mathilde Franziska Anneke. Anneke first became a well-known feminist and democrat in Prussia, earning notoriety for divorcing her first husband and fighting in the German Revolutions of 1848–1849. After moving to the United States, she became a noted proponent of woman suffrage, working with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. Like many other refugees of the German revolutions, Anneke was deeply involved in the Civil War. Radical Relationships focuses on the years 1859–1865, which encompassed not only the war but also Anneke’s intense romantic friendship with Yankee abolitionist Mary Booth. Over the course of seven years, Anneke supported Mary through her husband’s trial for rape. When Sherman Booth was later imprisoned for his abolitionist activity, Anneke conspired to spring him from jail. The two women then moved with three of their children to Zürich, Switzerland, where they collaborated on antislavery fiction and mixed with leading European radicals such as Ferdinand Lassalle. From Europe, they followed the fate of German-born soldiers in the Union army, including Anneke’s husband, Fritz, and his court martial. Throughout her career, Anneke’s intimate relationships informed her politics and sustained her activism. Her correspondence with Fritz and Mary Booth provides fresh perspectives on the transnational dimensions of the Civil War and gender and sexuality.
Book Synopsis Unequal Freedoms by : Jeffery Glenn Strickland
Download or read book Unequal Freedoms written by Jeffery Glenn Strickland and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on Charleston, South Carolina, Jeff Strickland examines the ways that race, ethnicity, and class shaped the political economy of this vital Southern city during the second half of the nineteenth century.
Book Synopsis German Americans on the Middle Border by : Zachary Stuart Garrison
Download or read book German Americans on the Middle Border written by Zachary Stuart Garrison and published by SIU Press. This book was released on 2019-12-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the Civil War, Northern, Southern, and Western political cultures crashed together on the middle border, where the Ohio, Mississippi, and Missouri Rivers meet. German Americans who settled in the region took an antislavery stance, asserting a liberal nationalist philosophy rooted in their revolutionary experience in Europe that emphasized individual rights and freedoms. By contextualizing German Americans in their European past and exploring their ideological formation in failed nationalist revolutions, Zachary Stuart Garrison adds nuance and complexity to their story. Liberal German immigrants, having escaped the European aristocracy who undermined their revolution and the formation of a free nation, viewed slaveholders as a specter of European feudalism. During the antebellum years, many liberal German Americans feared slavery would inhibit westward progress, and so they embraced the Free Soil and Free Labor movements and the new Republican Party. Most joined the Union ranks during the Civil War. After the war, in a region largely opposed to black citizenship and Radical Republican rule, German Americans were seen as dangerous outsiders. Facing a conservative resurgence, liberal German Republicans employed the same line of reasoning they had once used to justify emancipation: A united nation required the end of both federal occupation in the South and special protections for African Americans. Having played a role in securing the Union, Germans largely abandoned the freedmen and freedwomen. They adopted reconciliation in order to secure their place in the reunified nation. Garrison’s unique transnational perspective to the sectional crisis, the Civil War, and the postwar era complicates our understanding of German Americans on the middle border.
Book Synopsis Germans in Illinois by : Miranda E. Wilkerson
Download or read book Germans in Illinois written by Miranda E. Wilkerson and published by Celebrating the Peoples of Ill. This book was released on 2019 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This engaging history of one of the largest ethnic groups in Illinois explores the influence and experiences of German immigrants and their descendants from their arrival in the middle of the nineteenth century to their heritage identity today. Coauthors Miranda E. Wilkerson and Heather Richmond examine the primary reasons that Germans came to Illinois and describe how they adapted to life and distinguished themselves through a variety of occupations and community roles. The promise of cheap land and fertile soil in rural areas and emerging industries in cities attracted three major waves of German-speaking immigrants to Illinois in search of freedom and economic opportunities. Before long the state was dotted with German churches, schools, cultural institutions, and place names. German churches served not only as meeting places but also as a means of keeping language and culture alive. Names of Illinois cities and towns of German origin include New Baden, Darmstadt, Bismarck, and Hamburg. In Chicago, many streets, parks, and buildings bear German names, including Altgeld Street, Germania Place, Humboldt Park, and Goethe Elementary School. Some of the most lively and ubiquitous organizations, such as Sängerbunde, or singer societies, and the Turnverein, or Turner Society, also preserved a bit of the Fatherland. Exploring the complex and ever-evolving German American identity in the growing diversity of Illinois's linguistic and ethnic landscape, this book contextualizes their experiences and corrects widely held assumptions about assimilation and cultural identity. Federal census data, photographs, lively biographical sketches, and newly created maps bring the complex story of German immigration to life. The generously illustrated volume also features detailed notes, suggestions for further reading, and an annotated list of books, journal articles, and other sources of information.
Book Synopsis German Immigrants, Race, and Citizenship in the Civil War Era by : Alison Clark Efford
Download or read book German Immigrants, Race, and Citizenship in the Civil War Era written by Alison Clark Efford and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of Civil War-era politics explores how German immigrants influenced the rise and fall of white commitment to African-American rights. Intertwining developments in Europe and North America, Alison Clark Efford describes how the presence of naturalized citizens affected the status of former slaves and identifies 1870 as a crucial turning point. That year, the Franco-Prussian War prompted German immigrants to re-evaluate the liberal nationalism underpinning African-American suffrage. Throughout the period, the newcomers' approach to race, ethnicity, gender and political economy shaped American citizenship law.
Book Synopsis Unequal Freedoms by : Jeff Strickland
Download or read book Unequal Freedoms written by Jeff Strickland and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2015-09-08 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the latter half of the nineteenth century, German and Irish immigrants were as central to the development of the political economy of Charleston, South Carolina, as white southerners and African Americans. As artisans and entrepreneurs, foreigners occupied a middle tier in the racial and ethnic hierarchy of the South’s most economically and politically important city. As agents of change, they provided a buffer, alleviating tensions between the castes until assimilating after emancipation and, in many instances, effectively embracing white supremacy. In Unequal Freedoms, Jeff Strickland examines the complex interplay of race, ethnicity, and class to reveal the pivotal ways in which European immigrants influenced the social, economic, and political development of the South.
Book Synopsis The Germans in the American Civil War with a Biographical Directory by : Wilhelm Kaufmann
Download or read book The Germans in the American Civil War with a Biographical Directory written by Wilhelm Kaufmann and published by . This book was released on 2021-03-04 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of 216,000 German-born Americans and well over 300,000 first-generation Americans of German descent who served in the Union and Confederate armies. It includes a 500-name biographical directory of the outstanding German-American officers in the Civil War, as well as bibliographical references, and footnotes. The American Civil War has often been referred to as the defining moment in American history, and the purpose of this work is to illuminate the role of German-Americans in that conflict. Originally published in 1911, this work has long been considered the standard on the topic. Wilhelm Kaufmann knew, or corresponded with, many German-American Civil War veterans. His articles were first serialized in the German-American press and widely screened and reviewed by readers, many of whom, of course, were veterans of the Civil War. Based on their comments and critiques, Kaufmann polished and re-worked this history for many years. Finally, he decided to bring out his work in book form. Kaufmann's history is a German-American history directly based on extensive use of primary sources, and had been widely reviewed by many of its subjects. Of special value is the biographical directory of German-Americans who fought in the war. This work is of great value for all those interested in the Civil War, and especially those interested in German-American involvement. In the 1990s, Don Heinrich Tolzmann organized an editorial team to get Kaufmann's work translated and edited, and it was finally published in 1999. It has long since been out-of-print, and fortunately has now been brought back into print. A wealth of maps and an index to full-names, places and subjects add to the value of this work. (1911, 1999), 2021, 6x9, paper, index, 400 pp.
Book Synopsis Cultivating Race by : Watson W. Jennison
Download or read book Cultivating Race written by Watson W. Jennison and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the eighteenth century to the eve of the Civil War, Georgia's racial order shifted from the somewhat fluid conception of race prevalent in the colonial era to the harsher understanding of racial difference prevalent in the antebellum era. In Cultivating Race: The Expansion of Slavery in Georgia, 1750–1860, Watson W. Jennison explores the centrality of race in the development of Georgia, arguing that long-term structural and demographic changes account for this transformation. Jennison traces the rise of rice cultivation and the plantation complex in low country Georgia in the mid-eighteenth century and charts the spread of slavery into the up country in the decades that followed. Cultivating Race examines the "cultivation" of race on two levels: race as a concept and reality that was created, and race as a distinct social order that emerged because of the specifics of crop cultivation. Using a variety of primary documents including newspapers, diaries, correspondence, and plantation records, Jennison offers an in-depth examination of the evolution of racism and racial ideology in the lower South.
Book Synopsis Becoming American Under Fire by : Christian G. Samito
Download or read book Becoming American Under Fire written by Christian G. Samito and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Becoming American under Fire, Christian G. Samito provides a rich account of how African American and Irish American soldiers influenced the modern vision of national citizenship that developed during the Civil War era. By bearing arms for the Union, African Americans and Irish Americans exhibited their loyalty to the United States and their capacity to act as citizens; they strengthened their American identity in the process. Members of both groups also helped to redefine the legal meaning and political practices of American citizenship. For African American soldiers, proving manhood in combat was only one aspect to their quest for acceptance as citizens. As Samito reveals, by participating in courts-martial and protesting against unequal treatment, African Americans gained access to legal and political processes from which they had previously been excluded. The experience of African Americans in the military helped shape a postwar political movement that successfully called for rights and protections regardless of race. For Irish Americans, soldiering in the Civil War was part of a larger affirmation of republican government and it forged a bond between their American citizenship and their Irish nationalism. The wartime experiences of Irish Americans helped bring about recognition of their full citizenship through naturalization and also caused the United States to pressure Britain to abandon its centuries-old policy of refusing to recognize the naturalization of British subjects abroad. As Samito makes clear, the experiences of African Americans and Irish Americans differed substantially—and at times both groups even found themselves violently opposed—but they had in common that they aspired to full citizenship and inclusion in the American polity. Both communities were key participants in the fight to expand the definition of citizenship that became enshrined in constitutional amendments and legislation that changed the nation.
