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Download or read book GABA and Sleep written by Jaime M. Monti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is the main neurotransmitter regulating sleep. The majority of drugs presently in use for the treatment of sleep disorders act by enhancing GABAergic neuronal inhibition. The GABA system is, therefore, of prime clinical relevance for the therapy of insomnia. The focus of this volume is on the neuropsychopharmacology and the clinical impact of the GABA system in regulating sleep and wakefulness. It presents molecular, neuropharmacological, systems-biological and clinical approaches to the understanding of the mechanism of action of GABA and GABAergic drugs. It also explores the role of GABA in the basic drives that affect sleep, and the influences that adapt sleep and wakefulness to external events.
Book Synopsis The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle by : Arne Schousboe
Download or read book The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.
Book Synopsis The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide by : Yogesh Dwivedi
Download or read book The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide written by Yogesh Dwivedi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With recent studies using genetic, epigenetic, and other molecular and neurochemical approaches, a new era has begun in understanding pathophysiology of suicide. Emerging evidence suggests that neurobiological factors are not only critical in providing potential risk factors but also provide a promising approach to develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide discusses the most recent findings in suicide neurobiology. Psychological, psychosocial, and cultural factors are important in determining the risk factors for suicide; however, they offer weak prediction and can be of little clinical use. Interestingly, cognitive characteristics are different among depressed suicidal and depressed nonsuicidal subjects, and could be involved in the development of suicidal behavior. The characterization of the neurobiological basis of suicide is in delineating the risk factors associated with suicide. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide focuses on how and why these neurobiological factors are crucial in the pathogenic mechanisms of suicidal behavior and how these findings can be transformed into potential therapeutic applications.
Download or read book Addiction written by David Nutt and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An essential reference for psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, trainees, and specialist nurses, as well as primary care physicians/GPs with a special interest in mental health conditions and other healthcare professionals.
Book Synopsis Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies by : Jeffrey Noebels
Download or read book Jasper's Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies written by Jeffrey Noebels and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-06-29 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jasper's Basic Mechanisms, Fourth Edition, is the newest most ambitious and now clinically relevant publishing project to build on the four-decade legacy of the Jasper's series. In keeping with the original goal of searching for "a better understanding of the epilepsies and rational methods of prevention and treatment.", the book represents an encyclopedic compendium neurobiological mechanisms of seizures, epileptogenesis, epilepsy genetics and comordid conditions. Of practical importance to the clinician, and new to this edition are disease mechanisms of genetic epilepsies and therapeutic approaches, ranging from novel antiepileptic drug targets to cell and gene therapies.
Book Synopsis The GABA Receptors by : Salvatore J. Enna
Download or read book The GABA Receptors written by Salvatore J. Enna and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2007-07-19 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gaba Receptors, Third Edition, presents a critical appraisal of our current understanding of the molecular, behavioral, biochemical, clinical, and pharmacological properties of GABA receptors. Emphasis is placed on exploring cutting-edge findings on the structureal properties of receptor sites, mechanisms of receptor expression, chemical agents that differentiate receptor subtypes, and phenotypes displayed by GABA receptor null mice. Chapters in this updated and expanded edition examine such topics as GABA receptor subypes, trafficking postsynaptic GABA receptors, GABA receptor mutations associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsies and febrile seizures, and GABA receptors as a potential therapeutic target.
Book Synopsis Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors by : Adam C. Errington
Download or read book Extrasynaptic GABAA Receptors written by Adam C. Errington and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GABA is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and acts via GABAA and GABAB receptors. Recently, a novel form of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition, termed “tonic” inhibition, has been described. Whereas synaptic GABAA receptors underlie classical “phasic” GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition (inhibitory postsynaptic currents), tonic GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition results from the activation of extrasynaptic receptors by low concentrations of ambient GABA. Extrasynaptic GABAA receptors are composed of receptor subunits that convey biophysical properties ideally suited to the generation of persistent inhibition and are pharmacologically and functionally distinct from their synaptic counterparts. This book highlights ongoing work examining the properties of recombinant and native extrasynaptic GABAA receptors and their preferential targeting by endogenous and clinically relevant agents. In addition, it emphasizes the important role of extrasynaptic GABAA receptors in GABAergic inhibition throughout the CNS and identifies them as a major player in both physiological and pathophysiological processes.
Book Synopsis GABA: Receptors, Transporters and Metabolism by : Chikako Tanaka
Download or read book GABA: Receptors, Transporters and Metabolism written by Chikako Tanaka and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting the current developments and future directions in GABA research, the ambitious aim of this topical volume is to cover GABA from the molecular mechanisms of its transmission to new targets for pharmaceutical research. Distinguished scientists at the forefront of GABA research were invited to contribute reviews on glutamate decarboxylase and autoimmunity, molecular structure and functional regulation of GABA transporters, transmitter release and GABA receptor regulation, GABA receptor subtypes and functional regulation, and GABA receptor ligands and their therapeutic application. Describing the latest advances in what has become a rapidly-evolving field, this volume will prove immensely valuable to neuroscientists, pharmacologists, biochemists, and physiologists working in the field of GABA research.
Book Synopsis Crisis Management in Anesthesiology E-Book by : David M. Gaba
Download or read book Crisis Management in Anesthesiology E-Book written by David M. Gaba and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2014-09-02 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fully updated Crisis Management in Anesthesiology continues to provide updated insights on the latest theories, principles, and practices in anesthesiology. From anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists to emergency physicians and residents, this medical reference book will effectively prepare you to handle any critical incident during anesthesia. Identify and respond to a broad range of life-threatening situations with the updated Catalog of Critical Incidents, which outlines what may happen during surgery and details the steps necessary to respond to and resolve the crisis. React quickly to a range of potential threats with an added emphasis on simulation of managing critical incidents. Useful review for all anesthesia professionals of the core knowledge of diagnosis and management of many critical events. Explore new topics in the ever-expanding anesthesia practice environment with a detailed chapter on debriefing. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase.
Book Synopsis GABA And Glutamate by : Janko Samardzic
Download or read book GABA And Glutamate written by Janko Samardzic and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collates the contributions of a selected number of neuroscientists that are interested in the molecular, preclinical, and clinical aspects of neurotransmission research. The seven chapters in this book address the latest research/review data related to GABA/glutamate system's organization and function, the structure of receptors, subtypes and their ligands, as well as the translational approach and clinical implications. The book offers readers a rich collection of data regarding current and future applications of GABA and glutamate neurotransmission, including promising research strategies and potential clinical benefits.
Book Synopsis GABA and the Basal Ganglia by : J. M. Tepper
Download or read book GABA and the Basal Ganglia written by J. M. Tepper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 25 years the amount of data pertaining to the GABAergic function in the basal ganglia has increased dramatically. GABA and the Basal Ganglia - From Molecules to Systems is a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art of knowledge about the neuroanatomy, neuropharmacology and neurophysiology of the basal ganglia, focusing on its GABAergic microcircuitry. It serves as a complete reference to the body of knowledge about the basal ganglia, its constituent neurons, and their interconnections. This volume is designed to serve as a convenient all-in-one review and reference for experienced basal ganglia researchers as well as an introduction to the functional organization of the basal ganglia and its GABAergic circuitry for students and researchers new to the field.* Reviews the anatomy, physiology and pharmacology of the basal ganglia itself in addition to focusing on the GABAergic circuitry of the basal ganglia* Authors of each chapter leading internationally acclaimed experts in basal ganglia research
Book Synopsis Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Book Synopsis Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by : Robert Vink
Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.
Book Synopsis Gaba in Autism and Related Disorders by : Dirk M. Dhossche
Download or read book Gaba in Autism and Related Disorders written by Dirk M. Dhossche and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2005-12-07 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was discovered in the brain in 1950 by Eugene Roberts. GABA is now considered one of the most important neurotransmitters and developmental signals. Knowledge on the complexity of GABA function is increasing exponentially. This volume covers basic research on GABA in the developing brain as it may relate to onset of autism and related developmental disorders. The evidence that dysfunction of GABA and related molecules is associated with autism is limited but expanding and seems to converge. Pertinent data are reviewed in this book and new research avenues in the basic and clinical arenas are described. The topics are of imminent interest to basic and clinical researchers as well as interested clinicians. * Discusses the neuropathology of the GABA system in autism * Presents new findings on common genetic mechanisms in Rett syndrome, Angelman syndrome, and autism * Includes information on the shared genetic risk factors between autism and major mental disorders * Foreword by Eugene Roberts
Book Synopsis GABA in the Nervous System by : David L. Martin (M.D.)
Download or read book GABA in the Nervous System written by David L. Martin (M.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GABA in the Nervous System summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of GABA as a neurotransmitter. First discovered as an inhibitory signal in 1950, GABA may also fulfill a decisive role in diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, stroke, and other clinical problems. This book provides a comprehensive understanding of GABA at both the molecular and systemic level. Each chapter provides a balanced view of current knowledge while referencing historical discoveries during the last half-century
Book Synopsis GABA Outside the CNS by : Sandor L. Erdö
Download or read book GABA Outside the CNS written by Sandor L. Erdö and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: during the past few years increasing interest has been focused on the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) outside the central nervous systems (CNS).Biochemical, pharmacological, histochemical, physiological approaches have all been employed to investigate the role of GABA in themammalian periphery. The International Symposium on Peripheral GABAergic Mechanism held in Rome, July 1990, was devoted to gather scientists from allover the world in order to summarize and sythesize their most recent results and conceptions on the significance of GABA outside the CNS. Written in a thought-provoking style, this proceedings volume is an overviewof the timely knowledge about GABA in the peripheral nervous system and in non-neuronal tissues. Chapters of the book provide many examples for the diverse functions of this amino acid in the periphery as neurotransmitter, hormone, humoral or even trophic factor from the autonomic ganglia to the endocrine stomach and pancreas, from the tubular epithelium of the kidney to the spermatozoa.
Book Synopsis Glutamate and GABA Receptors and Transporters by : Jan Egebjerg
Download or read book Glutamate and GABA Receptors and Transporters written by Jan Egebjerg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-04 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ubiquitous presence of glutamate and GABA receptors in the nervous system makes these receptor systems pivotal to our understanding of neurotransmission. Cloning of the molecular components of these receptor systems has provided insights to the selectivity of many drugs and detailed characterisation at the molecular level is emerging. Moreover, continuous development of novel and selective drugs has revealed detailed information on the mechanism of receptor activation and regulation. However, the rapid development of different aspects of glutamate and GABA receptor research makes it increasingly difficult to establish a general view of the field. Studies of the receptors are a multi-disciplinary task employing many specialised techniques. This book conveys recent discoveries in a framework of the basic concepts in the field of glutamate and GABA receptor research. Glutamate and GABA Receptors and Transporters: Structure, Function and Pharmacology is suitable for postgraduate students studying ligand gated channels but also beneficial for industrial and academic research scientists in both the glutamate and GABA field. Universities offering programs in neuroscience, molecular pharmacology or medicinal chemistry will find this a valuable reference.
