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Evidence Based Decisionmaking For Community Health Programs
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Book Synopsis Evidence-based Decisionmaking for Community Health Programs by : Catherine A. Jackson
Download or read book Evidence-based Decisionmaking for Community Health Programs written by Catherine A. Jackson and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1998 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the increase in information derived from clinical research and technology, many in clinical medicine have adopted an evidence-based approach to inform treatment decisionmaking. Such a process forces the physician to obtain relevant scientific information (evidence) from a variety of sources including the patient, and to evaluate continually decisions made against patient health outcomes. Among the various proposed community-based health programs, how do foundations or health care systems decide which programs to fund? Can the evidence-based decisionmaking paradigm adopted by the clinical community support decisionmaking concerning community-based health programs? A literature review was conducted to ascertain what types of evidence concerning community-based health program effectiveness and costs were available. Focus groups and telephone interviews were conducted with persons involved in community-based health program funding decisions to learn how decisions were made and what types of information were used to support those decisions. While there was general support for using more evidence regarding program effectiveness and costs in making funding decisions about community-based programs, there was consensus that little evidence was readily available. There was also a widely held belief that funding decisions could (and should) also take into consideration issues beyond that which can be expressed as evidence. The report concludes with some suggestions regarding how health care systems and private funders can move toward an evidence-based approach to community-based program decisionmaking.
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Public Health by : Ross C. Brownson
Download or read book Evidence-Based Public Health written by Ross C. Brownson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are at least three ways in which a public health program or policy may not reach stated goals for success: 1) Choosing an intervention approach whose effectiveness is not established in the scientific literature; 2) Selecting a potentially effective program or policy yet achieving only weak, incomplete implementation or "reach," thereby failing to attain objectives; 3) Conducting an inadequate or incorrect evaluation that results in a lack of generalizable knowledge on the effectiveness of a program or policy; and 4) Paying inadequate attention to adapting an intervention to the population and context of interest To enhance evidence-based practice, this book addresses all four possibilities and attempts to provide practical guidance on how to choose, carry out, and evaluate evidence-based programs and policies in public health settings. It also begins to address a fifth, overarching need for a highly trained public health workforce. This book deals not only with finding and using scientific evidence, but also with implementation and evaluation of interventions that generate new evidence on effectiveness. Because all these topics are broad and require multi-disciplinary skills and perspectives, each chapter covers the basic issues and provides multiple examples to illustrate important concepts. In addition, each chapter provides links to the diverse literature and selected websites for readers wanting more detailed information. An indispensable volume for professionals, students, and researchers in the public health sciences and preventative medicine, this new and updated edition of Evidence-Based Public Health aims to bridge research and evidence with policies and the practice of public health.
Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries by : Dean T. Jamison
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Book Synopsis Public Health Practice by : Jonathan E. Fielding
Download or read book Public Health Practice written by Jonathan E. Fielding and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Public Health Practice: What Works, the leaders of LA County's Department of Public Health compile the lessons and best practices of working in a complex and evolving public health setting.
Book Synopsis Evidence-based Healthcare and Public Health by : John Armstrong Muir Gray
Download or read book Evidence-based Healthcare and Public Health written by John Armstrong Muir Gray and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the demand for health services rises & the pressure on these services grows, decisions about the use of scarce resources are becoming even more difficult to make & more explicit. This text provides healthcare managers with the knowledge they need.
Book Synopsis Patient Safety and Quality by : Ronda Hughes
Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/
Book Synopsis Shared Decision-making in Health Care by : Glyn Elwyn
Download or read book Shared Decision-making in Health Care written by Glyn Elwyn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade health care systems around the world have placed increasing importance on the relationship between patient choice and clinical decision-making. In the years since the publication of the second edition of Shared Decision Making in Health Care, there have been significant new developments in the field, most notably in the US where 'Obamacare' puts shared decision making (SDM) at the centre of the 2009 Affordable Care Act. This new edition explores shared decision making by examining, from practical and theoretical perspectives, what should comprise an effective decision-making process. It also looks at the benefits and potential difficulties that arise when patients and clinicians share health care decisions. Written by leading experts from around the world and utilizing high quality evidence, the book provides an up-to-date reference with real-word context to the topics discussed, and in-depth coverage of the practicalities of implementing and teaching SDM. The breadth of information in Shared Decision Making in Health Care makes it the definitive source of expert knowledge for healthcare policy makers. As health care systems adapt to increasingly collaborative patient-clinician care frameworks, this will also prove a useful guide to SDM for clinicians of all disciplines.
Book Synopsis Advancing the Use of Evidence-based Decision-making in Local Health Departments with Systems Science Methodologies by :
Download or read book Advancing the Use of Evidence-based Decision-making in Local Health Departments with Systems Science Methodologies written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives. We assessed how systems science methodologies might be used to bridge resource gaps at local health departments (LHDs) so that they might better implement evidence-based decision-making (EBDM) to address population health challenges. Methods. We used the New York Academy of Medicine Cardiovascular Health Simulation Model to evaluate the results of a hypothetical program that would reduce the proportion of people smoking, eating fewer than 5 fruits and vegetables per day, being physically active less than 150 minutes per week, and who had a body mass index (BMI) of 25 kg/m2 or greater. We used survey data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to evaluate health outcomes and validate simulation results. Results. Smoking rates and the proportion of the population with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or greater would have decreased significantly with implementation of the hypothetical program. Two areas would have experienced a statistically significant reduction in the local population with diabetes between 2007 and 2027. Conclusions. The use of systems science methodologies might be a novel and efficient way to systematically address a number of EBDM adoption barriers at LHDs.
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Practice by : Janet Houser
Download or read book Evidence-Based Practice written by Janet Houser and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2010-10-25 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Practice: An Implementation Guide for Healthcare Organizations was created to assist the increasing number of hospitals that are attempting to implement evidence-based practice in their facilities with little or no guidance. This manual serves as a guide for the design and implementation of evidence-based practice systems and provides practice advice, worksheets, and resources for providers. It also shows institutions how to achieve Magnet status without the major investment in consultants and external resources.
Book Synopsis Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-12-24 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To battle the obesity epidemic in America, health care professionals and policymakers need relevant, useful data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention policies and programs. Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention identifies a new approach to decision making and research on obesity prevention to use a systems perspective to gain a broader understanding of the context of obesity and the many factors that influence it.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Health Decision Science by : Michael A. Diefenbach
Download or read book Handbook of Health Decision Science written by Michael A. Diefenbach and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference delves into the complex process of medical decision making—both the nuts-and-bolts access and insurance issues that guide choices and the cognitive and affective factors that can make patients decide against their best interests. Wide-ranging coverage offers a robust evidence base for understanding decision making across the lifespan, among family members, in the context of evolving healthcare systems, and in the face of life-changing diagnosis. The section on applied decision making reviews the effectiveness of decision-making tools in healthcare, featuring real-world examples and guidelines for tailored communications with patients. Throughout, contributors spotlight the practical importance of the field and the pressing need to strengthen health decision-making skills on both sides of the clinician/client dyad. Among the Handbook’s topics: From laboratory to clinic and back: connecting neuroeconomic and clinical mea sures of decision-making dysfunctions. Strategies to promote the maintenance of behavior change: moving from theoretical principles to practices. Shared decision making and the patient-provider relationship. Overcoming the many pitfalls of communicating risk. Evidence-based medicine and decision-making policy. The internet, social media, and health decision making. The Handbook of Health Decision Science will interest a wide span of professionals, among them health and clinical psychologists, behavioral researchers, health policymakers, and sociologists.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author :Task Force on Community Preventive Services Publisher :Oxford University Press ISBN 13 :0199759782 Total Pages :543 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (997 download)
Book Synopsis The Guide to Community Preventive Services by : Task Force on Community Preventive Services
Download or read book The Guide to Community Preventive Services written by Task Force on Community Preventive Services and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-02-17 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The gold standard for evidence-based public health, The Guide to Community Preventive Services is a primary resource to improve health and prevent disease in states, communities, independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Preventive Services, The Guide uses comprehensive systemic review methods to evaluate population-oriented health interventions. The recommendations of the Task Force are explicitly linked to the scientific evidence developed during systematic reviews. This volume examines the effectiveness and efficiency of interventions to combat such risky behaviors as tobacco use, physical inactivity, and violence; to reduce the impact and suffering of specific conditions such as cancer, diabetes, vaccine-preventable diseases, and motor vehicle injuries; and to address social determinants oh health such as education, housing, and access to care. The chapters are grouped into three broad categories: changing risk behaviors; reducing specific diseases, injuries, and impairments; and methodological background for the book itself.
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Public Health Practice by : Arlene Fink
Download or read book Evidence-Based Public Health Practice written by Arlene Fink and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for students and practitioners, this practical book shows how to do evidence-based research in public health. As a great deal of evidence-based practice occurs online, it focuses on how to find, use, and interpret online sources of public health information. It also includes examples of community-based participatory research and shows how to link data with community preferences and needs.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Translation in Health Care by : Sharon E. Straus
Download or read book Knowledge Translation in Health Care written by Sharon E. Straus and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health care systems worldwide are faced with the challenge of improving the quality of care. Providing evidence from health research is necessary but not sufficient for the provision of optimal care and so knowledge translation (KT), the scientific study of methods for closing the knowledge-to-action gap and of the barriers and facilitators inherent in the process, is gaining significance. Knowledge Translation in Health Care explains how to use research findings to improve health care in real life, everyday situations. The authors define and describe knowledge translation, and outline strategies for successful knowledge translation in practice and policy making. The book is full of examples of how knowledge translation models work in closing the gap between evidence and action. Written by a team of authors closely involved in the development of knowledge translation this unique book aims to extend understanding and implementation worldwide. It is an introductory guide to an emerging hot topic in evidence-based care and essential for health policy makers, researchers, managers, clinicians and trainees.
Book Synopsis Primary Care and Public Health by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Primary Care and Public Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ensuring that members of society are healthy and reaching their full potential requires the prevention of disease and injury; the promotion of health and well-being; the assurance of conditions in which people can be healthy; and the provision of timely, effective, and coordinated health care. Achieving substantial and lasting improvements in population health will require a concerted effort from all these entities, aligned with a common goal. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) requested that the Institute of Medicine (IOM) examine the integration of primary care and public health. Primary Care and Public Health identifies the best examples of effective public health and primary care integration and the factors that promote and sustain these efforts, examines ways by which HRSA and CDC can use provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to promote the integration of primary care and public health, and discusses how HRSA-supported primary care systems and state and local public health departments can effectively integrate and coordinate to improve efforts directed at disease prevention. This report is essential for all health care centers and providers, state and local policy makers, educators, government agencies, and the public for learning how to integrate and improve population health.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309671035 Total Pages :317 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.
