Evaluation of Taxes and Revenues From the Energy Sector in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Former Soviet Union Countries

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451845235
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Taxes and Revenues From the Energy Sector in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Former Soviet Union Countries by : Mr.Dale F. Gray

Download or read book Evaluation of Taxes and Revenues From the Energy Sector in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Former Soviet Union Countries written by Mr.Dale F. Gray and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the level and structure of fiscal revenues from the Baltics, Russia, and other former Soviet Union countries’ (BRO) energy sector and suggests reforms in energy tax policy. Revenues from the oil and gas sectors are about half the level that might be expected from international comparisons. Low oil revenues result from infrastructure constraints on oil exports, weak tax administration, and inappropriate tax structures. Low gas revenues are due to low statutory tax rates, a tax structure that does not capture monopoly or resource rents, and weak tax administration. Taxation of oil products could be increased.

Reforming Tax Systems

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451858655
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Reforming Tax Systems by : Vahram Stepanyan

Download or read book Reforming Tax Systems written by Vahram Stepanyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-01 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting in the early 1990s, the Baltics, Russia, and other (BRO) countries of the former Soviet Union initiated tax reforms that varied widely at the later stages. Recently, some of the BRO countries, basing decisions on the proposition that lowering of the top marginal income tax rate would significantly benefit economic development and increase tax compliance, have initiated a new stage of tax reforms. This paper reviews country experiences and suggests that (i) overall, there seems to be little evidence of a substantial improvement in income tax revenues resulting simply from a reduction in the top marginal tax rates, and (ii) in the BRO countries, the elasticity of the behavior of economic agents, in terms of labor supply, saving, and investment, with respect to income tax rates is not large, and a reduction of the existing income tax rates is unlikely to lead to a notable expansion of economic activity.

Payment Arrears in the Gas and Electric Power Sectors of the Russian Federation and Ukraine

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451981112
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Payment Arrears in the Gas and Electric Power Sectors of the Russian Federation and Ukraine by : Hrant Bagratian

Download or read book Payment Arrears in the Gas and Electric Power Sectors of the Russian Federation and Ukraine written by Hrant Bagratian and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses payments arrears in the Russian Federation and Ukraine, with emphasis on the gas and electric power sectors. Payments arrears, which were triggered primarily by the dislocations experienced during the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy, have reached significant proportions in these two countries. Governments have aggravated the problem by not honoring their own bills and by condoning payments arrears outside the budget. The paper argues that the solution to the problem lies in the implementation of comprehensive systemic reforms and outlines possible measures.

Explaining Post-Soviet Patchworks

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351807536
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Explaining Post-Soviet Patchworks by : Klaus Segbers

Download or read book Explaining Post-Soviet Patchworks written by Klaus Segbers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2001: Based on extensive research, this trilogy provides new insights into Post-Soviet transformations without taking refuge in the traditional assumption that Russia is unique. Using powerful analytical tools, this trilogy marks the re-integration of the Former Soviet Union (FSU) into the main current of political science. An invaluable resource for all those interested in Russia and the Post-Soviet states. This first volume focuses on state, sectoral, and transnational actors from a predominantly rational choice perspective. The book includes an extensive introduction by the editor which uses additional material gathered by the project team on two polls, 1999 and 2000, which, in addition to the individual studies, provide sufficient data to obtain unprecedented insights into the basic preferences and the logic of action of the main players in Russia. The outcomes of this research will be particularly relevant for students, researchers, journalists and decision-makers interested in Russia and the Post-Soviet states’ politics, international relations, economics, social policy and sociology.

The Low-Income Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781589063211
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis The Low-Income Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States by : Sarosh Sattar

Download or read book The Low-Income Countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States written by Sarosh Sattar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2004-04-22 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The CIS-7 Initiative was launched in 2002 and endorsed by ministers from the CIS-7 and donor countries, with the objective of promoting poverty reduction, economic growth, and debt sustainability among the seven poorest countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). This volume draws from the follow-up conference held in Lucerne, Switzerland, in January 2003. The objective of this conference was to achieve an understanding of the development agenda in the seven countries and the key policy measures to be taken by the governments and donors to improve future prospects for the countries’ populations.

Building The Russian State

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429981589
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Building The Russian State by : Valerie Sperling

Download or read book Building The Russian State written by Valerie Sperling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study critically assesses the condition of Russia's political, economic, social, legal, and military institutions and questions the capacity of the institutions to perform the duties of a state in the modern world. Has the Russian state managed to lay the institutional groundwork for long-term stability and democratic governance? The consensus of the contributors to this book is grim. The courts have grown increasingly complex, but their ability to enhance and support democracy has remained limited. State economic institutions have been unable to collect taxes, pay government workers, fund the healthcare system, pay its soldiers, or retain value in its currency. Political mechanisms for resolving center-periphery conflicts remain ineffective, and Russia's political institutions seem less focused on serving public interests than on enriching the power of those in power.

Energy And Environment In The Transition Economies

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429980442
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy And Environment In The Transition Economies by : William Chandler

Download or read book Energy And Environment In The Transition Economies written by William Chandler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy and environmental issues in the former Soviet sphere rank as global policy priorities for three reasons. First, civilian application of military nuclear materials multiplies the threat of terrorism. Second, Russian and Caspian oil resources affect world markets, Western energy security, and regional stability. Third, climate change may become a global challenge commensurate with the Cold War, and the transition economies--the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe--offer the world's largest and cheapest near-term opportunities for curbing greenhouse gas emissions. Yet, the region remains unprepared to deal with these issues, and Western assistance has failed to help. A "second generation" of reform efforts is needed, led from within, but supported by the West. In Energy and Environmental Policies in the Transition Economies William Chandler synthesizes disparate, specialized analyses and publications. He draws on a relatively large body of research on energy technology, oil and gas markets, geopolitics, finance, economic reform, and environmental science specific to Russia, eastern Europe, and the transition economies. In successive chapters Chandler reviews energy use, energy efficiency, nuclear safety and security, petroleum geoeconomics, coal, utility monopoly and competition, and environmental and climatic change in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe. Chandler also considers options for a "second generation" of reform efforts. The subject matter of the book is significant not only for the energy and environmental policies themselves, important though they are, but because those policies in turn affect regional political stability and Western energy security. Energy and Environmental Policies in the Transition Economies will be of considerable interest to policymakers in government, to private-sector actors, to academic scholars, and to students of international energy and environmental politics.

Economic Transition in Central and Eastern Europe

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316582949
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Transition in Central and Eastern Europe by : Daniel Gros

Download or read book Economic Transition in Central and Eastern Europe written by Daniel Gros and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysing the key problems facing the transition countries in Central and Eastern Europe, this accessible book describes the legacy of the central planners, the progress achieved so far and the need for further reforms. It documents the outstanding successes and failures, and analyses why certain approaches to transition have worked and others have not. It tests where transition is over and shows how some countries have graduated from 'transition' to 'integration' through their efforts to join the European Union (EU). It discusses the costs and benefits of the eastern enlargement of the EU. The specific experiences of German unification, the Soviet Union's disintegration, and Russia's complex reforms are examined, as are the specific issues that need to be addressed in the Balkans. The book concludes by indicating how the expanding EU could help the poor performers through inclusion in a continent-wide integrated economic area.

Expansion and Fragmentation

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Publisher : Amsterdam University Press
ISBN 13 : 9789053564271
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis Expansion and Fragmentation by : Kees van Kersbergen

Download or read book Expansion and Fragmentation written by Kees van Kersbergen and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the end of the nation-state approaching, now that the international economy takes less and less notice of borders between countries and the European Union has already acquired so much political power? What does national autonomy mean when governments delegate any number of powers to inter-national organizations? Internationalization leads to political change, and the position of the nation-state appears to be undergoing a radical process of erosion. The surprising conclusion of this book is that the political significance of the state will not be lost. The analyses show that both expansion and fragmentation of political power are characteristics of fundamental political change. While it is true that the state is delegating authority and that internationalization is limiting autonomy, the state is also finding new forms of cooperation and coordination, both nationally and internationally, to preserve and even to strengthen its power and autonomy. Contrary to widely held assumptions, the idea of a progressive weakening of the nationstate does not prove tenable.

Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691229295
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms by : Merritt B. Fox

Download or read book Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms written by Merritt B. Fox and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-04-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Governance Lessons from Transition Economy Reforms explores a timely topic at the intersection of economics, law, and policy reform. To date, most sophisticated theoretical work on corporate governance has focused on advanced market economies. In post-socialist countries, corporate finance and transition economics scholars have often done little more than convey the received theory to transition policymakers. This volume focuses, for the first time, on the reverse concern: what, if anything, do the reform experiences of transition countries teach about corporate governance theory more generally? To investigate this question, Merritt Fox and Michael Heller have assembled a stellar group of corporate governance theorists. The answers are startling. The principal essays approach the problem from three complementary perspectives that form the organizing themes of the book. The first part refines core corporate theory terms. The second presents important empirical work that explores the channels through which "good corporate governance" may link to the real economy. The final part links corporate governance theory to practical reforms. After fifteen years of experience, practice can now inform theory. Together, these essays present a comprehensive new view on a provocative theme. Written in an accessible style, they will be of interest to a broad range of scholars, commentators, and policymakers.

EU Eastern Enlargement and the Russian Transformation Crisis

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642601944
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis EU Eastern Enlargement and the Russian Transformation Crisis by : Paul J.J. Welfens

Download or read book EU Eastern Enlargement and the Russian Transformation Crisis written by Paul J.J. Welfens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe's economic and political landscape is changing dramatically. The demise of the socialist CMEA and the USSR has allowed eastern European economies to open up and caused Russia/the CIS to engage in a series of difficult reforms which have been supported by the G-7 and the International Monetary Fund plus the World Bank on the one hand, and, on the other hand, by the EU and the EBRD. While some of the (early) Visegrad countries apparently were rather successful in their transition attempt, systemic transition approaches in other countries - Romania and Bulgaria - and, above all, in Russia largely were a failure. Economic hardship, social unrest, political radicalization and the international spreading of criminal activities can be identified as problems from the failure of Russia's first transition attempt. This book deals - from an international perspective - with the postsocialist countries in Europe, i. e. there is a focus on eastern enlargement and on Russia on the one hand, on the other hand the topic is which international influences and effects will emerge from EU enlargement and the Russian transition. While chapter A exclusively deals with major problems of eastern enlargement and the policy options for dealing with this difficult problem, chapter B is devoted to the Russian transformation crisis. There the analysis has a focus on Russia in its own right but also on the potential negative spillovers of a Russian transformation disaster which could occur in the late 1990s.

Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1999

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781557759801
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (598 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1999 by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1999 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research activity in the IMF emphasizes the links between the organization's policy and operational concerns. The main objectives of research is IMF staff understanding of policy and operational issues relevant to the institution, and to improve the analytical quality of the work prepared for management and the Executive Board and the advice provided to member countries. The scope of research in the IMF is defined by the purposes and functions of the institution. In order to foster innovation and ensure quality control, the IMF makes much of its research available outside the institution and encourages staff to interact with academia and other research organizations through conferences, seminars, and occasional joint research projects. The visiting scholar’s program has also enhanced the quality of research done in the IMF. This program brings in leading members of the economics profession from around the world to assist in the preparation of papers for the Executive Board and to conduct research on IMF-related issues.

The Russian Far East and Pacific Asia

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136849637
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis The Russian Far East and Pacific Asia by : M. J. Bradshaw

Download or read book The Russian Far East and Pacific Asia written by M. J. Bradshaw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major study assesses prospects for economic recovery in the Russian Far East, evaluating foreign trade and investment, political and economic forces, patterns of resource supply and needs in Pacific Asia, and potential competitors. It concludes that this unfulfilled potential has as much to do with conditions in Russia as the downturn caused by the Asian crisis.

IMF Staff papers, Volume 45 No. 2

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451974167
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers, Volume 45 No. 2 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Download or read book IMF Staff papers, Volume 45 No. 2 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes contagion and volatility with imperfect credit markets. The paper interprets contagion effects as an increase in the volatility of shocks impinging on the economy. The implications of this approach are analyzed in a model in which domestic banks borrow at a premium on world capital markets, and domestic producers borrow at a premium from domestic banks. Financial spreads depend on a markup that compensates lenders, in particular, for the expected cost of contract enforcement. Higher volatility increases financial spreads and the producers’ cost of capital.

World Economic Outlook, May 1998

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781557757401
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (574 download)

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Book Synopsis World Economic Outlook, May 1998 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.

Download or read book World Economic Outlook, May 1998 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-05-08 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Economic Outlook, published twice a year in English, French, Spanish, and Arabic, presents IMF staff economists analyses of global economic developments during the near and medium term. Chapters give an overview of the world economy; consider issues affecting industrial countries, and economics in transition to market; and address topics of pressing current interest. Annexes, boxes, charts, and an extensive statistical appendix augment the text.

Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1998

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781557758606
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (586 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1998 by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book Research Activities of the IMF, January 1991-December 1998 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-09-24 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selective index of major research papers prepared by IMF staff in 1991-98.

Tax Reform in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781557758026
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Tax Reform in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union by : Liam P. Ebrill

Download or read book Tax Reform in the Baltics, Russia, and Other Countries of the Former Soviet Union written by Liam P. Ebrill and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IMF, revenue, tax policy, tax rate, value added tax.