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Author : Arjun C. Roy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Laboratory Performance of Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt Produced by Water Injection written by Arjun C. Roy and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ayman Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)
Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt Produced by Water Injection written by Ayman Ali and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, a new group of technologies has been introduced in the United States that allow producing asphalt mixtures at temperatures 30 to 100oF lower than what is used in traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA). These technologies are commonly referred to as Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA). From among these technologies, foamed WMA produced by water injection has gained increased attention from the asphalt paving industry in Ohio since it does not require the use of costly additives. This type of asphalt mixtures is advertised as an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional HMA and promoted to have better workability and compactability. In spite of these advantages, several concerns have been raised regarding the performance of foamed WMA because of the reduced production temperature and its impact on aggregate drying and asphalt binder aging. Main concerns include increased propensity for moisture-induced damage (durability) and increased susceptibility to permanent deformation (rutting). Other concerns include insufficient coating of coarse aggregates, and applicability of HMA mix design procedures to foamed WMA mixtures. This dissertation presents the results of a comprehensive study conducted to evaluate the laboratory performance of foamed WMA mixtures with regard to permanent deformation, moisture-induced damage, fatigue cracking, and low-temperature (thermal) cracking; and compare it to traditional HMA. In addition, the workability of foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated using a new device that was designed and fabricated at the University of Akron, and the compactability of both mixtures was examined by analyzing compaction data collected using the Superpave gyratory compactor. The effect of the temperature reduction, foaming water content, and aggregate moisture content on the performance of foamed WMA was also investigated. Furthermore, the rutting performance of plant-produced foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated in the Accelerated Pavement Load Facility (APLF) at Ohio University, and the long-term performance of pavement structures constructed using foamed WMA and HMA surface and intermediate courses was analyzed using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). Based on the experimental test results and the subsequent analyses findings, the following are the main conclusions made: In general, comparable laboratory test results were obtained for foamed WMA and HMA mixtures prepared using 30°F (16.7°C) temperature reduction, 1.8% foaming water content, and fully dried aggregates. Therefore, the performance of the resulting foamed WMA is expected to be similar to that of the HMA. Surface foamed WMA mixtures had comparable rutting performance in the APLF to that of the HMA mixtures. This was also the case for intermediate foamed WMA and HMA mixtures. These results indicate the field performance of the foamed WMA mixtures is similar to that of the HMA mixtures.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book Determining the Limitations of Warm Mix Asphalt by Water Injection in Mix Design, Quality Control and Placement written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this project, a comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the laboratory performance of foamed WMA mixtures with regard to permanent deformation, moisture-induced damage, fatigue cracking, and low-temperature (thermal) cracking; and compare it to traditional HMA. In addition, the workability of foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated using a new device that was designed and fabricated at the University of Akron, and the compactability of both mixtures was examined by analyzing compaction data collected using the Superpave gyratory compactor. The effect of the temperature reduction, foaming water content, and aggregate moisture content on the performance of foamed WMA was also investigated. Furthermore, the rutting performance of plant-produced foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated in the Ohio University (OU) Accelerated Pavement Load Facility (APLF), and the long-term performance of pavement structures constructed using foamed WMA and HMA surface and intermediate courses was analyzed using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The laboratory test results revealed comparable resistance to permanent deformation, moisture-induced damage, and fatigue cracking for foamed WMA and HMA mixtures. However, the HMA mixtures had significantly higher ITS values at 14°F ( -10°C) and comparable failure strains to the foamed WMA mixtures, which indicates that the traditional HMA mixtures have better resistance to low-temperature (thermal) cracking. The laboratory tests conducted to evaluate the effect of the temperature reduction, foaming water content, and aggregate moisture content revealed that the performance of foamed WMA mixtures prepared using 30°F (16.7°C) temperature reduction, 1.8% foaming water content, and fully dried aggregates was comparable to that of the HMA mixtures. However, reducing the production temperature of foamed WMA resulted in increased susceptibility to permanent deformation and moisture-induced damage. In addition, producing foamed WMA using moist aggregates resulted in inadequate aggregate coating leading to concerns with regard to long-term durability. Increasing the foaming water content (up to 2.6% of the weight of the asphalt binder) did not seem to have a negative effect on the rutting performance or moisture sensitivity of the foamed WMA. The rut depth measurements obtained at the OU APLF confirmed the laboratory APA test results. It was found through these tests that the foamed WMA mixtures have comparable rutting resistance to the HMA mixtures. Finally, the long-term pavement performance predictions obtained using the MEPDG showed comparable service lives for pavement structures constructed using foamed WMA and HMA surface and intermediate mixtures.
Author : Ayman W. Ali
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (898 download)
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt Prepared Using Foamed Asphalt Binders written by Ayman W. Ali and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a name given to different technologies that have the common purpose of reducing the viscosity of the asphalt binders. This reduction in viscosity offers the advantage of producing asphalt-aggregate mixtures at lower mixing and compaction temperatures, and subsequently reducing energy consumption and pollutant emissions during asphalt mix production and placement. WMA technologies can be classified into two groups. The first group reduces the asphalt binders' viscosity through the addition of organic or chemical additives, while the second group reduces the viscosity of the asphalt binders through the addition of water. The latter has received increased attention in Ohio since it does not require the use of costly additives. In spite of the above-mentioned advantages for WMA mixtures, many concerns have been raised regarding the susceptibility of this material to moisture-induced damage and permanent deformation due to the reduced temperature level used during WMA production. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a laboratory procedure to produce WMA mixtures prepared using foamed asphalt binders (WMA-FA), and to evaluate their performance in comparison to conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This study involved two types of aggregates (natural gravel and crushed limestone) and two types of asphalt binders (PG 64-22 and PG 70-22M). A laboratory scale asphalt binder foaming device called WLB10, produced by Wirtgen, Inc., was used to foam the asphalt binders. The aggregate gradation met the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Construction and Materials Specification (C&MS) requirements for Item 441 Type 1 Surface Course for Medium Traffic. The resistance of WMA-FA and HMA mixtures to moisture-induced damage was measured using AASHTO T-283, and the resistance to permanent deformation was measured using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) and the Simple Performance Test (SPT). Based on the experimental test results and the subsequent analyses findings, the following conclusions were made: [1] WMA-FA mixtures are more workable and easily compacted than HMA mixtures even though they are produced at lower mixing and compaction temperatures; [2] WMA-FA mixtures are slightly more susceptible to moisture damage than HMA mixtures. However, the difference is statistically insignificant. Therefore, if designed properly, both mixtures are expected to meet ODOT's minimum TSR requirement for the proposed traffic level; [3] WMA-FA mixtures, especially those prepared using gravel aggregates and unmodified asphalt binders are more prone to rutting than the corresponding HMA mixtures. Therefore, it is recommended to include the APA test as part of the WMA mix design procedure to ensure satisfactory performance for rutting.
Author : Ala R. Abbas
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)
Download or read book Determining the Limitations of Warm Mix Asphalt by Water Injection in Mix Design, Quality Control and Placement written by Ala R. Abbas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this project, a comprehensive study was conducted to evaluate the laboratory performance of foamed WMA mixtures with regard to permanent deformation, moisture-induced damage, fatigue cracking, and low-temperature (thermal) cracking; and compare it to traditional HMA. In addition, the workability of foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated using a new device that was designed and fabricated at the University of Akron, and the compactability of both mixtures was examined by analyzing compaction data collected using the Superpave gyratory compactor. The effect of the temperature reduction, foaming water content, and aggregate moisture content on the performance of foamed WMA was also investigated. Furthermore, the rutting performance of plant-produced foamed WMA and HMA mixtures was evaluated in the Ohio University (OU) Accelerated Pavement Load Facility (APLF), and the long-term performance of pavement structures constructed using foamed WMA and HMA surface and intermediate courses was analyzed using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG). The laboratory test results revealed comparable resistance to permanent deformation, moisture-induced damage, and fatigue cracking for foamed WMA and HMA mixtures. However, the HMA mixtures had significantly higher ITS values at 14°F (-10°C) and comparable failure strains to the foamed WMA mixtures, which indicates that the traditional HMA mixtures have better resistance to low-temperature (thermal) cracking. The laboratory tests conducted to evaluate the effect of the temperature reduction, foaming water content, and aggregate moisture content revealed that the performance of foamed WMA mixtures prepared using 30°F (16.7°C) temperature reduction, 1.8% foaming water content, and fully dried aggregates was comparable to that of the HMA mixtures. However, reducing the production temperature of foamed WMA resulted in increased susceptibility to permanent deformation and moisture-induced damage. In addition, producing foamed WMA using moist aggregates resulted in inadequate aggregate coating leading to concerns with regard to long-term durability. Increasing the foaming water content (up to 2.6% of the weight of the asphalt binder) did not seem to have a negative effect on the rutting performance or moisture sensitivity of the foamed WMA. The rut depth measurements obtained at the OU APLF confirmed the laboratory APA test results. It was found through these tests that the foamed WMA mixtures have comparable rutting resistance to the HMA mixtures. Finally, the long-term pavement performance predictions obtained using the MEPDG showed comparable service lives for pavement structures constructed using foamed WMA and HMA surface and intermediate mixtures.
Author : Nathan Bower
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (792 download)
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Performance of Warm Mix Asphalt in Washington State written by Nathan Bower and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Eyad Masad
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429855796
Total Pages : 879 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)
Download or read book Advances in Materials and Pavement Prediction written by Eyad Masad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction contains the papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction (AM3P, Doha, Qatar, 16- 18 April 2018). There has been an increasing emphasis internationally in the design and construction of sustainable pavement systems. Advances in Materials and Pavement Prediction reflects this development highlighting various approaches to predict pavement performance. The contributions discuss links and interactions between material characterization methods, empirical predictions, mechanistic modeling, and statistically-sound calibration and validation methods. There is also emphasis on comparisons between modeling results and observed performance. The topics of the book include (but are not limited to): • Experimental laboratory material characterization • Field measurements and in situ material characterization • Constitutive modeling and simulation • Innovative pavement materials and interface systems • Non-destructive measurement techniques • Surface characterization, tire-surface interaction, pavement noise • Pavement rehabilitation • Case studies Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction will be of interest to academics and engineers involved in pavement engineering.
Author : Ibrahim Karaman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319487663
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the TMS Middle East - Mediterranean Materials Congress on Energy and Infrastructure Systems (MEMA 2015) written by Ibrahim Karaman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of papers presented at The TMS Middle East - Mediterranean Materials Congress on Energy and Infrastructure Systems (MEMA 2015), a conference organized by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) and held in Doha, Qatar. The event focused on new materials research and development in applications of interest for Qatar and the entire Middle East and Mediterranean region. The papers in this collection are divided into five sections: (1) Sustainable Infrastructure Materials; (2) Computational Materials Design; (3) Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage; (4) Lightweight and High Performance Materials; and (5) Materials for Energy Extraction and Storage: Shape Memory Alloys.
Author : Zhanping Yuo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (794 download)
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt written by Zhanping Yuo and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) has been traditionally produced at a discharge temperature of between 280° F (138° C) and 320° F (160° C), resulting in high energy (fuel) costs and generation of greenhouse gases. The goal for Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is to use existing HMA plants and specifications to produce quality dense graded mixtures at significantly lower temperatures. Europeans are using WMA technologies that allow the mixture to be placed at temperatures as low as 250° F (121° C). It is reported that energy savings on the order of 30%, with a corresponding reduction in CO2 emissions of 30%, are realized when WMA is used compared to conventional HMA. Although numerous studies have been conducted on WMA, only limited laboratory experiments are available and most of the current WMA laboratory test results are inconsistent and not compatible with field performance The main objectives of this study are: The main objectives of this study are: 1) review and synthesize information on the available WMA technologies; 2) measure the complex/dynamic modulus of WMA and the control mixtures (HMA) for comparison purpose and for use in mechanistic-empirical (ME) design comparison; 3) assess the rutting and fatigue potential of WMA mixtures; and 4) provide recommendation for the proper WMA for use in Michigan considering the aggregate, binder, and climatic factors. The testing results indicated that most of the WMA has higher fatigue life and TSR which indicated WMA has better fatigue cracking and moisture damage resistant; however, the rutting potential of most of the WMA tested were higher than the control HMA. In addition, the WMA design framework was developed based on the testing results, and presented in this study to allow contractors and state agencies to successfully design WMA around the state of Michigan.
Author : Fan Yin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (865 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Laboratory Conditioning Protocols for Warm-Mix Asphalt written by Fan Yin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm-Mix Asphalt (WMA) refers to the asphalt concrete paving material produced and placed at temperatures approximately 50°F lower than those used for Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA). Economic, environmental and engineering benefits have boosted the use of WMA technology across the world during the past decade. While WMA technology has been successfully utilized as a paving material, several specifications and mix design protocols remain under development. For example, currently, there is no consistent laboratory conditioning procedure for preparing WMA specimens for performance tests, despite being essential for mix performance. Based on previous studies, several candidate conditioning protocols for WMA Laboratory Mixed Laboratory Compacted (LMLC) and off-site Plant Mixed Laboratory Compacted (PMLC) specimens were selected, and their effects on mixture properties were evaluated. Mixture stiffness evaluated in a dry condition using the Resilient Modulus (MR) test (ASTM D-7369) was the main parameter used to select a conditioning protocol to simulate pavement stiffness in its early life. The number of Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC) gyrations to get 7±0.5% air voids (AV) was the alternative parameter. Extracted binder stiffness and aggregate orientation of field cores and on-site PMLC specimens were evaluated using the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) (AASHTO T315) and image analysis techniques, respectively. In addition, mixture stiffness in a wet condition was evaluated using the Hamburg Wheel-Track Test (HWTT) (AASHTO T324) stripping inflection point (SIP) and rutting depth at a certain number of passes. Several conclusions are made based on test results. LMLC specimens conditioned for 2 hours at 240°F (116°C) for WMA and 275°F (135°C) for HMA had similar stiffnesses as cores collected during the early life of field pavements. For off-site PMLC specimens, different conditioning protocols are recommended to simulate stiffnesses of on-site PMLC specimens: reheat to 240°F (116°C) for WMA with additives and reheat to 275°F (135°C) for HMA and foamed WMA. Additionally, binder stiffness, aggregate orientation, and overall AV had significant effects on mixture stiffness. Mixture stiffness results for PMFC cores and on-site PMLC specimens in a wet condition as indicated by HWTT agree with those in a dry condition in MR testing. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148143
Author : Emily Dawn Shrum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Evaluation of Moisture Damage in Warm Mix Asphalt Containing Recycled Asphalt Pavement written by Emily Dawn Shrum and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has been used worldwide for many years, primarily in Europe. The National Asphalt Pavement Association first brought WMA to the United States in 2002. By using warm mix technology, the temperature of an asphalt mixture during production, transportation, and compaction decreases dramatically. Several concerns about WMA arise due to the reduced mixing temperature. One of the primary concerns in asphalt pavement is the moisture damage. The lower mixing temperature may not be high enough to vaporize all the moisture absorbed in the aggregate, and part of the moisture may be entrapped in the pavements during compaction. This thesis presents a laboratory study to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of warm mix asphalt (WMA) produced through plant foaming procedure. Two types of mixtures were evaluated. A base mixture meeting the state of Tennessee "BM-2" mix criteria was evaluated at 0, 30, 40, and 50 percent fractionated recycled asphalt pavement (RAP), and a surface mixture meeting the state of Tennessee "411-D" mix criteria was evaluated at 15, 20, 30, 40 percent fractionated RAP. WMA mixture specimens were obtained and compacted at the asphalt plant. The WMA specimens were compared to hot-mix asphalt (HMA) specimens through a set of laboratory mixture performance tests. In addition to traditional AASHTO T283 freeze and thaw (F-T) tensile strength ratio (TSR), Superpave indirect tensile test (IDT) with F-T and MIST conditioning, and Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) Hamburg wheel tracking tests were utilized to evaluate asphalt mixtures. Moisture tests indicated that with the higher inclusions of RAP, specimens exhibited lower rut depths and higher tensile strength retention. Tensile strength ratio tests indicated that HMA specimens had higher tensile strength retention when freeze thaw conditioned. Dynamic modulus conditioned specimens indicated that simple performance tests can show the difference between conditioned and unconditioned specimens. HMA specimens showed lower susceptibility to moisture compared to WMA specimens for both BM-2 and 411-D mixtures. The higher percentages of RAP in WMA and HMA in both BM-2 and 411-D mixtures showed a reduction to moisture susceptibility.
Author : Stacey D. Diefenderfer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Performance of Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt In Virginia Over Four to Six Years written by Stacey D. Diefenderfer and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) began allowing the use of warm mix asphalt (WMA) in 2008 and has become a national leader in the use of WMA technologies. Several WMA technologies were investigated in research projects prior to implementation; however, foamed WMA was not. This study was designed to evaluate the properties and performance of foamed WMA placed during the initial implementation of the technology to determine if the technology has performed as expected. Six mixtures produced using plant foaming technologies and placed between 2008 and 2010 were identified and subjected to field coring and laboratory testing to provide insight as to the performance of foamed WMA mixtures. All coring was performed in 2014, which resulted in pavement ages ranging from 4 to 6 years. Three comparable hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures were cored and evaluated to provide average values for comparison. All cores were tested to determine air-void contents and permeability and were subjected to dynamic modulus, repeated load permanent deformation, and Texas overlay testing. In addition, binder was extracted and recovered for performance grading. Test results found similar properties for the WMA and HMA mixtures evaluated. One WMA mixture exhibited high dynamic modulus and binder stiffness, but overlay testing did not indicate any tendency toward premature cracking. All binders were found to have aged between two and three performance grades above that which was specified at construction. WMA binders and one HMA binder aged two grades higher, and the remaining two HMA binders aged three grades, indicating a likely influence on aging from the reduced temperatures at which the early foamed mixtures were typically produced. Overall results indicated that foamed WMA should be expected to perform similarly to HMA. WMA has been fully adopted by VDOT as an alternative to HMA since 2008; however, at the time of implementation of foamed WMA, no studies had been conducted by VDOT to assess the performance of WMA relative to that of HMA. This study validated the assumption that the properties and performance of foamed WMA are similar to those of HMA.
Author : Jianhua Yu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Laboratory Evaluation of Warm Mix Asphalt Influence on Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity written by Jianhua Yu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology provides sufficient workability for asphalt mixtures at reduced mixing and compaction temperatures. Depending on the WMA technology, the typical temperature reduction range is 20 °C to 55 °C below hot mix asphalt (HMA) production temperatures. WMA involves chemical and wax additives that are added to an asphalt binder or incorporated through the use of foaming technology. The main advantages of WMA are reduced emissions and a reduction in combustible fuel consumption. Ongoing WMA research projects have documented some differences between HMA and WMA mixes, prompting numerous research projects that are investigating these concerns. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the volumetric properties by directly comparing laboratory produced WMA and HMA mixes. This study investigates the impact of WMA additives on the volumetric properties, specifically, the theoretical maximum specific gravity (Gmm). The Gmm testing followed the procedure of ASTM D2041. Two mix designs with HMA binder were produced, one without recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and the other with 30 % RAP. After the mix designs were completed, no additional changes were made to account for the addition of the WMA technology. The mixes included the WMA technologies Sasobit and Advera, as well as an HMA control, for a total of six different laboratory produced mixes. Each mix was produced at 120 °C, 135 °C, and 150 °C, and each mix was oven cured for 1, 2, and 4 h. The test results were analyzed using statistical principles to determine whether differences in the Gmm values were statistically significant. The results show that temperature has little impact on Gmm. Gmm was not affected by curing times of 1 and 2 h, but the longer curing time of 4 h resulted in a statistically significant increase in Gmm. Further analysis revealed that the mix sensitivity to curing time depends on the amount of RAP in the mix. For the mix designs studied, the Advera Gmm values were similar to the HMA values, but the Sasobit Gmm values were statistically lower than the Advera values.
Author : Cindy K. Estakhri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (87 download)
Download or read book Laboratory and Field Performance Measurements to Support the Implementation of Warm Mix Asphalt in Texas written by Cindy K. Estakhri and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Don Chen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319962418
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Advancements on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures written by Don Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-16 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent advances in the field of geomaterial and waste management. With high urbanization rates, advancement in technologies, and changes in consumer behavior, wastes generated through the daily activities of individuals and organizations pose many challenges in terms of their management. The studies presented in this book highlight attempts on the part of researchers and practitioners to address contemporary issues in geoenvironmental engineering such as the characterization of dredged sediments, geomaterials and waste, valorization of waste, sustainability in waste management, and various other geoenvironmental issues that are becoming increasingly relevant in today’s world. The studies were selected from papers presented at the 5th GeoChina International Conference, Civil Infrastructures Confronting Severe Weathers and Climate Changes: From Failure to Sustainability, held in Hangzhou, China on July 23–25, 2018.
Author : Christine Chia
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Comparative Evaluation of Field and Laboratory-produced Foamed Asphalt Mixture of Reno, Nevada written by Christine Chia and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the properties and performance of field-produced HMA and foamed WMA mixtures from the Bravo Ave project in Reno, Nevada in comparison to respective laboratory-produced mixtures utilizing the same materials and mix design. Each mixture contained 15% RAP and was produced with a polymer-modified PG64-28NV asphalt binder. The rheological properties were valuated for virgin, RAP and extracted/recovered asphalt binders from field and plant-produced mixtures. The mixtures were evaluated for their resistance to moisture damage by means of measuring the dynamic modulus |E*| and the indirect tensile strength as a function of multiple freeze-thaw cycling. The resistance of the mixtures to permanent deformation was evaluated through the use of the repeated load triaxial (RLT) to measure the flow number (FN). The low-temperature cracking resistance of the mixtures was evaluated using the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST). From this study it was determined that the HMA had better resistance to moisture damage and permanent deformation than the foamed WMA mixtures. Between the HMA and foamed WMA mixtures, similar asphalt properties and resistance to thermal cracking were seen. The laboratory-produced mixtures did not exhibit similar behaviors as those seen with the field-produced mixtures. Also, reheating of the mixtures from an ambient temperature after mixing seems to only improve the resistance of the mixtures to moisture damage. The non-reheated mixtures had equal or better resistance to permanent deformation and thermal cracking than their reheated counterparts.
Author : Mir Shahnewaz Arefin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Aging Characterization of Foamed Warm Mix Asphalt written by Mir Shahnewaz Arefin and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study evaluated the aging characteristic of foamed warm mix asphalt (WMA) produced by water injection in comparison to traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA). Four types of asphalt binders (PG 64-22, PG 64-28, PG 70-22, PG 76-22) were used in the preparation of the foamed WMA and HMA mixtures. All mixtures were prepared using limestone aggregates with a nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) of 12.5 mm that met the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Construction and Material Specifications (C&MS) for Item 442 (Superpave Asphalt Concrete).The short-term and long-term aging of the asphalt binders were simulated using the rolling thin film oven (RTFO) and the pressure aging vessel (PAV), respectively, while the short-term and long-term aging of the laboratory-prepared asphalt mixtures were simulated according to AASHTO R 30 (Mixture Conditioning of Hot Mix Asphalt).The dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) was used to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of the unaged, RTFO-aged, and PAV-aged asphalt binders, while the dynamic modulus (lE*l) test was used to characterize the viscoelastic behavior of the short-term and long-term aged foamed WMA and HMA mixtures.In addition, the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide (MEPDG) global aging model was used to predict the effect of aging on the dynamic modulus (lE*l) of foamed WMA and HMA mixtures, and the MEPDG global aging model predictions were compared to dynamic modulus (lE*l) test results obtained in the laboratory for both asphalt mixtures. By comparing the DSR test results following RTFO and PAV to those obtained for the unaged asphalt binders, it was observed that PG 64-22 was the least susceptible to aging followed by PG 70-22, PG 76-22, and PG 64-28. Similar trends were also observed from the dynamic modulus test, where little difference was noticed between the short-term and long-term aged specimens prepared using PG 64-22 for both foamed WMA and HMA mixtures.The dynamic modulus test results also revealed slightly lower lE*l values for foamed WMA mixtures in comparison to traditional HMA mixtures. This indicates that foamed WMA mixtures are slightly more susceptible to rutting than HMA mixtures. However, by comparing the dynamic modulus of the long-term aged specimens to the short-term aged specimens, it was observed that the increase in stiffness for the foamed WMA mixtures was less than that for the traditional HMA mixtures. This indicates that foamed WMA mixtures are less susceptible to aging and subsequently fatigue cracking than HMA mixtures.Finally, by the comparing the MEPDG global aging model predictions to the dynamic modulus test results for both foamed WMA and HMA mixtures, it was observed that the MEPDG global aging model provided more reasonable predictions, especially at higher frequencies, but overestimated or underestimated the dynamic modulus at lower frequencies. This was observed for both foamed WMA and HMA mixtures, which suggests that this model can be used for both types of mixtures.
