Escaping the Build Trap

Download Escaping the Build Trap PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : O'Reilly Media
ISBN 13 : 1491973765
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (919 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Escaping the Build Trap by : Melissa Perri

Download or read book Escaping the Build Trap written by Melissa Perri and published by O'Reilly Media. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To stay competitive in today’s market, organizations need to adopt a culture of customer-centric practices that focus on outcomes rather than outputs. Companies that live and die by outputs often fall into the "build trap," cranking out features to meet their schedule rather than the customer’s needs. In this book, Melissa Perri explains how laying the foundation for great product management can help companies solve real customer problems while achieving business goals. By understanding how to communicate and collaborate within a company structure, you can create a product culture that benefits both the business and the customer. You’ll learn product management principles that can be applied to any organization, big or small. In five parts, this book explores: Why organizations ship features rather than cultivate the value those features represent How to set up a product organization that scales How product strategy connects a company’s vision and economic outcomes back to the product activities How to identify and pursue the right opportunities for producing value through an iterative product framework How to build a culture focused on successful outcomes over outputs

The Lean Product Playbook

Download The Lean Product Playbook PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118961021
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Lean Product Playbook by : Dan Olsen

Download or read book The Lean Product Playbook written by Dan Olsen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The missing manual on how to apply Lean Startup to build products that customers love The Lean Product Playbook is a practical guide to building products that customers love. Whether you work at a startup or a large, established company, we all know that building great products is hard. Most new products fail. This book helps improve your chances of building successful products through clear, step-by-step guidance and advice. The Lean Startup movement has contributed new and valuable ideas about product development and has generated lots of excitement. However, many companies have yet to successfully adopt Lean thinking. Despite their enthusiasm and familiarity with the high-level concepts, many teams run into challenges trying to adopt Lean because they feel like they lack specific guidance on what exactly they should be doing. If you are interested in Lean Startup principles and want to apply them to develop winning products, this book is for you. This book describes the Lean Product Process: a repeatable, easy-to-follow methodology for iterating your way to product-market fit. It walks you through how to: Determine your target customers Identify underserved customer needs Create a winning product strategy Decide on your Minimum Viable Product (MVP) Design your MVP prototype Test your MVP with customers Iterate rapidly to achieve product-market fit This book was written by entrepreneur and Lean product expert Dan Olsen whose experience spans product management, UX design, coding, analytics, and marketing across a variety of products. As a hands-on consultant, he refined and applied the advice in this book as he helped many companies improve their product process and build great products. His clients include Facebook, Box, Hightail, Epocrates, and Medallia. Entrepreneurs, executives, product managers, designers, developers, marketers, analysts and anyone who is passionate about building great products will find The Lean Product Playbook an indispensable, hands-on resource.

Build What Matters

Download Build What Matters PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Lioncrest Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781544516189
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (161 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Build What Matters by : Ben Foster

Download or read book Build What Matters written by Ben Foster and published by Lioncrest Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid iteration, A/B testing, and growth hacking-these buzzwords have everyone's attention in product management today. But while they dominate the current discussion, something even more significant has been lost in their limelight: long-term value creation for the customer. Product advisors Rajesh Nerlikar and Ben Foster believe that consistently delivering meaningful outcomes requires a deep understanding of your customer's definition of success. Combine a bold customer-centric vision with a practical execution strategy, and you have a recipe that reveals product development priorities and the pathway to innovation. In Build What Matters, Rajesh and Ben introduce you to their methodology for becoming a product-driven company. Through their tested strategies and stories of success, you'll learn how Vision-Led Product Management helps you achieve company objectives by meeting both current and future customer needs.

Product Leadership

Download Product Leadership PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1491960574
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (919 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Product Leadership by : Richard Banfield

Download or read book Product Leadership written by Richard Banfield and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2017-05-12 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today’s lightning-fast technology world, good product management is critical to maintaining a competitive advantage. Yet, managing human beings and navigating complex product roadmaps is no easy task, and it’s rare to find a product leader who can steward a digital product from concept to launch without a couple of major hiccups. Why do some product leaders succeed while others don’t? This insightful book presents interviews with nearly 100 leading product managers from all over the world. Authors Richard Banfield, Martin Eriksson, and Nate Walkingshaw draw on decades of experience in product design and development to capture the approaches, styles, insights, and techniques of successful product managers. If you want to understand what drives good product leaders, this book is an irreplaceable resource. In three parts, Product Leadership helps you explore: Themes and patterns of successful teams and their leaders, and ways to attain those characteristics Best approaches for guiding your product team through the startup, emerging, and enterprise stages of a company’s evolution Strategies and tactics for working with customers, agencies, partners, and external stakeholders

Different

Download Different PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Currency
ISBN 13 : 030746086X
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Different by : Youngme Moon

Download or read book Different written by Youngme Moon and published by Currency. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What if working like crazy to beat the competition did exactly the opposite, making you mediocre and more like the competition? In today’s world of overabundant consumer choices and superfluous apps, upgrades, add-ons, and features, brands have become nearly identical, as their efforts to outdo one another have pushed them into a dizzying herd of indistinct options. Youngme Moon identifies the outliers, the mavericks, the iconoclasts—the players who have thoughtfully rejected orthodoxy in favor of an approach that is more adventurous. Some are even “hostile,” almost daring you to buy what they are selling. Using her original research on companies such as IKEA and Google, Moon will inspire you to be counterintuitive and meaningfully different—to rethink your business strategy, to stop conforming and start deviating, to stop emulating and start innovating. Because to stand out you must become the exception, not the rule.

Badass: Making Users Awesome

Download Badass: Making Users Awesome PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1491919078
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (919 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Badass: Making Users Awesome by : Kathy Sierra

Download or read book Badass: Making Users Awesome written by Kathy Sierra and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Note for ebook customers: The design and layout of this book play a key role in conveying the author's message. When creating the ebooks, we've tried to keep the look and feel of the print edition, but this means that not all e-reading devices will support the files. The EPUB format is optimized for iPad. The Mobi files are optimized for Kindle Fire tablets and phones and for Kindle reading apps. Imagine you’re in a game with one objective: a bestselling product or service. The rules? No marketing budget, no PR stunts, and it must be sustainably successful. No short-term fads. This is not a game of chance. It is a game of skill and strategy. And it begins with a single question: given competing products of equal pricing, promotion, and perceived quality, why does one outsell the others? The answer doesn’t live in the sustainably successful products or services. The answer lives in those who use them. Our goal is to craft a strategy for creating successful users. And that strategy is full of surprising, counter-intuitive, and astonishingly simple techniques that don’t depend on a massive marketing or development budget. Techniques typically overlooked by even the most well-funded, well-staffed product teams. Every role is a key player in this game. Product development, engineering, marketing, user experience, support—everyone on the team. Even if that team is a start-up of one. Armed with a surprisingly overlooked science and a unique POV, we can can reduce the role of luck. We can build sustainably successful products and services that rely not on unethical persuasive marketing tricks but on helping our users have deeper, richer experiences. Not just in the moments while they’re using our product but, more importantly, in the moments when they aren’t.

The Product-Led Organization

Download The Product-Led Organization PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119660912
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Product-Led Organization by : Todd Olson

Download or read book The Product-Led Organization written by Todd Olson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A playbook on product-led strategy for software product teams There's a common strategy used by the fastest growing and most successful businesses of our time. These companies are building their entire customer experience around their digital products, delivering software that is simple, intuitive and delightful, and that anticipates and exceeds the evolving needs of users. Product-led organizations make their products the vehicle for acquiring and retaining customers, driving growth, and influencing organizational priorities. They represent the future of business in a digital-first world. This book is meant to help you transform your company into a product-led organization, helping to drive growth for your business and advance your own career. It provides: A holistic view of the quantitative and qualitative insights teams need to make better decisions and shape better product experiences. A guide to setting goals for product success and measuring progress toward meeting them. A playbook for incorporating sales and marketing activities, service and support, as well as onboarding and education into the product Strategies for soliciting, organizing and prioritizing feedback from customers and other stakeholders; and how to use those inputs to create an effective product roadmap The Product-Led Organization: Drive Growth By Putting Product at the Center of Your Customer Experience was written by the co-founder and CEO of Pendo—a SaaS company and innovator in building software for digital product teams. The book reflects the author’s passion and dedication for sharing what it takes to build great products.

How China Escaped the Poverty Trap

Download How China Escaped the Poverty Trap PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501706403
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How China Escaped the Poverty Trap by : Yuen Yuen Ang

Download or read book How China Escaped the Poverty Trap written by Yuen Yuen Ang and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WINNER OF THE 2017 PETER KATZENSTEIN BOOK PRIZE "BEST OF BOOKS IN 2017" BY FOREIGN AFFAIRS WINNER OF THE 2018 VIVIAN ZELIZER PRIZE BEST BOOK AWARD IN ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY "How China Escaped the Poverty Trap truly offers game-changing ideas for the analysis and implementation of socio-economic development and should have a major impact across many social sciences." ― Zelizer Best Book in Economic Sociology Prize Committee Acclaimed as "game changing" and "field shifting," How China Escaped the Poverty Trap advances a new paradigm in the political economy of development and sheds new light on China's rise. How can poor and weak societies escape poverty traps? Political economists have traditionally offered three answers: "stimulate growth first," "build good institutions first," or "some fortunate nations inherited good institutions that led to growth." Yuen Yuen Ang rejects all three schools of thought and their underlying assumptions: linear causation, a mechanistic worldview, and historical determinism. Instead, she launches a new paradigm grounded in complex adaptive systems, which embraces the reality of interdependence and humanity's capacity to innovate. Combining this original lens with more than 400 interviews with Chinese bureaucrats and entrepreneurs, Ang systematically reenacts the complex process that turned China from a communist backwater into a global juggernaut in just 35 years. Contrary to popular misconceptions, she shows that what drove China's great transformation was not centralized authoritarian control, but "directed improvisation"—top-down directions from Beijing paired with bottom-up improvisation among local officials. Her analysis reveals two broad lessons on development. First, transformative change requires an adaptive governing system that empowers ground-level actors to create new solutions for evolving problems. Second, the first step out of the poverty trap is to "use what you have"—harnessing existing resources to kick-start new markets, even if that means defying first-world norms. Bold and meticulously researched, How China Escaped the Poverty Trap opens up a whole new avenue of thinking for scholars, practitioners, and anyone seeking to build adaptive systems.

Continuous Discovery Habits

Download Continuous Discovery Habits PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Product Talk LLC
ISBN 13 : 1736633317
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (366 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Continuous Discovery Habits by : Teresa Torres

Download or read book Continuous Discovery Habits written by Teresa Torres and published by Product Talk LLC. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "If you haven't had the good fortune to be coached by a strong leader or product coach, this book can help fill that gap and set you on the path to success." - Marty Cagan How do you know that you are making a product or service that your customers want? How do you ensure that you are improving it over time? How do you guarantee that your team is creating value for your customers in a way that creates value for your business? In this book, you'll learn a structured and sustainable approach to continuous discovery that will help you answer each of these questions, giving you the confidence to act while also preparing you to be wrong. You'll learn to balance action with doubt so that you can get started without being blindsided by what you don't get right. If you want to discover products that customers love-that also deliver business results-this book is for you.

The Single Trap

Download The Single Trap PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1408810972
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (88 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Single Trap by : Andrew G Marshall

Download or read book The Single Trap written by Andrew G Marshall and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you tired of casual relationships and playing 'the game'? Do you want to settle down, but can't seem to be able to find the right person? Have you just come out of a long-term relationship, or had your heart badly broken? Do you worry that nobody will love you again? If any of this sounds familiar, you may have fallen into the Single Trap. You are not alone. For the first time ever, the number of single-person households in the UK is about to outnumber those with families. In this ground-breaking book, marital therapist Andrew G. Marshall diagnoses the underlying social trends and sets out his two-step guide to freeing yourself from the trap and finding lasting love. He explains: - The defences that stop us getting hurt but also serve as barriers to potential new relationships - How like attracts like, and how to work on balancing yourself to bring similarly balanced people into your life - New ways to search for a partner that encourage an open mind and more fulfilling emotional connections - How to tell if you and your new man or woman have the makings of a successful long-term partnership Marshall has spent nearly twenty-five years helping people untangle their love lives, communicate better and find true happiness. In this practical and thought-provoking book, he combines the latest research into relationships with years of counselling experience to design a programme that works.

The One Minute Manager Meets the Monkey

Download The One Minute Manager Meets the Monkey PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0688103804
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (881 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The One Minute Manager Meets the Monkey by : Kenneth H. Blanchard

Download or read book The One Minute Manager Meets the Monkey written by Kenneth H. Blanchard and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 1989 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When a person goes to the boss with a problem and the boss agrees to do something about it, the monkey is off his back and onto the boss's. How can managers avoid these leaping monkeys? Here is priceless advice from three famous experts: how managers can meet their own priorities, give back other people's monkeys, and let them solve their own problems.

Toyota Kata: Managing People for Improvement, Adaptiveness and Superior Results

Download Toyota Kata: Managing People for Improvement, Adaptiveness and Superior Results PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN 13 : 0071639853
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (716 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Toyota Kata: Managing People for Improvement, Adaptiveness and Superior Results by : Mike Rother

Download or read book Toyota Kata: Managing People for Improvement, Adaptiveness and Superior Results written by Mike Rother and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2009-09-04 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Toyota Kata gets to the essence of how Toyota manages continuous improvement and human ingenuity, through its improvement kata and coaching kata. Mike Rother explains why typical companies fail to understand the core of lean and make limited progress—and what it takes to make it a real part of your culture." —Jeffrey K. Liker, bestselling author of The Toyota Way "[Toyota Kata is] one of the stepping stones that will usher in a new era of management thinking." —The Systems Thinker "How any organization in any industry can progress from old-fashioned management by results to a strikingly different and better way." —James P. Womack, Chairman and Founder, Lean Enterprise Institute "Practicing the improvement kata is perhaps the best way we've found so far for actualizing PDCA in an organization." —John Shook, Chairman and CEO, Lean Enterprise Institute This game-changing book puts you behind the curtain at Toyota, providing new insight into the legendary automaker's management practices and offering practical guidance for leading and developing people in a way that makes the best use of their brainpower. Drawing on six years of research into Toyota's employee-management routines, Toyota Kata examines and elucidates, for the first time, the company's organizational routines--called kata--that power its success with continuous improvement and adaptation. The book also reaches beyond Toyota to explain issues of human behavior in organizations and provide specific answers to questions such as: How can we make improvement and adaptation part of everyday work throughout the organization? How can we develop and utilize the capability of everyone in the organization to repeatedly work toward and achieve new levels of performance? How can we give an organization the power to handle dynamic, unpredictable situations and keep satisfying customers? Mike Rother explains how to improve our prevailing management approach through the use of two kata: Improvement Kata--a repeating routine of establishing challenging target conditions, working step-by-step through obstacles, and always learning from the problems we encounter; and Coaching Kata: a pattern of teaching the improvement kata to employees at every level to ensure it motivates their ways of thinking and acting. With clear detail, an abundance of practical examples, and a cohesive explanation from start to finish, Toyota Kata gives executives and managers at any level actionable routines of thought and behavior that produce superior results and sustained competitive advantage.

Strong Product People

Download Strong Product People PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Petra Wille - Strong Product People
ISBN 13 : 9783982235103
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Strong Product People by : Petra Wille

Download or read book Strong Product People written by Petra Wille and published by Petra Wille - Strong Product People. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are you a product leader looking for advice on how to be certain that every product manager on your team lives up to their full potential? Do you want to make sure your product people are competent, empowered, and inspired, and would you like to know how you can best help them on this journey? If you answered "yes" to any of these questions, then this book is for you! By the end of this book, you will understand: - Why you need to focus on the personal development of every product manager-and of the team as a whole-to unlock their full potential. - Why coaching is an important part of your job, and how to do it in the most effective way. - How you can define what a good product manager looks like. - How you can accurately assess product managers and provide them with valuable, actionable, and helpful feedback on their current performance that will help them perform even better. - Which methods/frameworks you can use to make sure product managers learn what they need to know to be more effective-enhancing their people skills. And you will be able to: - Reflect on your own coaching personality and define your own areas for development. - Efficiently prepare and use one-on-ones as your main coaching tool.

Talking to Humans

Download Talking to Humans PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780990800903
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Talking to Humans by : Giff Constable

Download or read book Talking to Humans written by Giff Constable and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

OKRs At The Center

Download OKRs At The Center PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (331 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis OKRs At The Center by : Sonja Mewes

Download or read book OKRs At The Center written by Sonja Mewes and published by . This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Companies today are using OKRs-Objectives and Key Results-to improve the way they set and work with goals. Along the way, they discover something else: changing the way you work with goals can lead to other changes. Changes in how you plan work, how you lead and reward people, how you make decisions, how you budget, and so much more.In short, if you really, sincerely start pursuing goal- setting in a new way, you will discover that goals live at the center of everything you do. What's exciting about this is where it leads: Changing how you work with goals has the potential to drive ongoing change and bring new ways of working to the whole organization. That's what this book is about: how goals live at the center of your organizational system and how you can leverage their potential for organizational development by adopting OKRs in an intentional way.This short, practical book includes case studies, examples, and practical guidance to help you get started on your own OKR journey.Written by Natalija Hellesoe and Sonja Mewes, who bring their extensive experience working OKRs in companies of all sizes. Natalija and Sonja are trainers, coaches, and change agents. They work with companies at different stages of the their OKR journeys-from first "know-how" workshops to OKR Practitioner coaching and organizational development."This book is a great explanation of how to set and deploy OKRs to improve your business. Whereas other books paint a rosy picture of best-case scenario for setting and deploying OKRs, this one focuses on reality. Many companies will see themselves in this book and be able to harness the practical advice in the book to fix their current scenarios and thrive. Highly recommended for every business that's trying to find focus and define impact." - Melissa Perri, author "Escaping The Build Trap"

Outcomes Over Output

Download Outcomes Over Output PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781091173262
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (732 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Outcomes Over Output by : Joshua Seiden

Download or read book Outcomes Over Output written by Joshua Seiden and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A project has to have a goal, otherwise, how do you know you're done? In the old days of engineering, setting project goals wasn't that hard. But when you're making software products, done is less obvious. When is Microsoft Word done? When is Google done? Or Facebook? In reality, software systems are never done. So then how do we give teams a goal that they can work on? Mostly, we simply ask teams to build features-but features are the wrong way to go. We often build features that create no value. Instead, we need to give teams an outcome to achieve. Setting goals as outcomes sounds simple, but it can be hard to do in practice. This book is a practical guide to using outcomes to guide the work of your team"--Publisher's website.

Escaping the Conflict Trap

Download Escaping the Conflict Trap PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781082039157
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (391 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Escaping the Conflict Trap by : Paul Salem

Download or read book Escaping the Conflict Trap written by Paul Salem and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together academics, experts, and practitioners to explore pathways to ending the current civil wars in the Middle East. It starts by examining the history of civil wars in the region in the 20th century, moves on to what we know about ending civil wars and the geopolitics of the current conflicts, and then delves into the causes, drivers, and dynamics of the ongoing civil wars in Syria, Yemen, Libya, and Afghanistan, as well as the recent civil war in Iraq. While readers will find little easy optimism within these pages, they will gain a better understanding of the obstacles and opportunities for advancing toward peace and stability in each of these countries, as well as escaping the conflict trap in which the region is mired. The unique combination of academic, analytic, and practitioner perspectives will help policymakers step back from the immediacy of today to consider the various elements of a broader sustained strategy for resolving these conflicts that involves actors at the national, regional, and global levels. Policymakers, academics, students, and concerned citizens will come away with a richer and more nuanced understanding of the drivers of civil conflict in the region, the particular challenges of the individual civil wars, and the factors that need to be brought to bear to bring these conflicts to an end, and create a stable and sustainable peace.