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Environmental Aspects Of Bauxite And Aluminium Production In Indonesia A Country Case Study
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Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium Production in Indonesia by : UNCTAD (Geneva).
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium Production in Indonesia written by UNCTAD (Geneva). and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium Production in Indonesia : a Country Case Study by :
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium Production in Indonesia : a Country Case Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mining Environment written by B.B. Dhar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of conference proceedings provide a package of stimulus ideas, development strategies, and initiatives on such themes as: environmental issues; environmental practices; environmental policy and legislation; sustainable development vis-a-vis environmental management.
Download or read book UNDOC, Current Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Alumina Production by :
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Alumina Production written by and published by Industry & Gramme. This book was released on 1985 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis State of the Environment in Asia and the Pacific by :
Download or read book State of the Environment in Asia and the Pacific written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Bauxite, Alumina and Aluminium Production in Brazil by :
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Bauxite, Alumina and Aluminium Production in Brazil written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sustainability Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium by :
Download or read book Sustainability Aspects of Bauxite and Aluminium written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aluminium has a significant industrial base in the EU and strong links with many industrial ecosystems. As sustainability has come to the forefront of public and policy attention, factors to evaluate the sustainability of bauxite and aluminium's supply and use can be classified in Climate Change, Environmental, Social, Circular Economy and Economic aspects. Aluminium is one of the most carbon-intensive industrial metals to produce. Greenhouse gas emissions during aluminium production is the greatest sustainability challenge for the aluminium industry. Substantial progress has been attained in the last decades in reducing process emissions, and in Europe, the domestic aluminium production has achieved a lower carbon footprint than the global average. However, due to the increasing penetration of high-carbon aluminium imports, this achievement is not reflected in a lower footprint of the aluminium used in Europe. As the carbon intensity of primary aluminium production relies mainly on electricity production's carbon footprint, the greening of the grid energy mix is the key to driving down the carbon count per tonne of metal. Furthermore, secondary aluminium production has enormous carbon benefits as only a tiny fraction of the energy to produce primary metal is required. At the same time, aluminium is an enabler to other sectors to decrease their carbon footprints due to its lightweight and strength. Energy efficiency and low-carbon applications are expected to be the drivers of aluminium's growing demand. Both primary and recycled metal will be needed to meet demand in the future. The large land area requirement for bauxite mining within or close to nature protected areas and tropical forests and/or indigenous lands is the main challenge that bauxite mining industry worldwide has to address in order to reduce impacts on biodiversity and local communities. Another critical issue in the environmental domain of aluminium - but also in the social and circular economy - is the management of bauxite residues (red mud) generated during the alkaline digestion of bauxite ore in alumina production. Additional environmental challenges can derive from bauxite mines' location in water-scarce areas or nature protected areas, as well as from the poor environmental performance and high natural hazards risk in bauxite supplying countries. The main emission and resource consumption levels in each stage of the aluminium value chain are also outlined in the report, combined with results from Life Cycle Assessment studies conducted by international aluminium organisations. The report also discusses the achieved end-of-life recycling indicators and the role of aluminium recycling in the security of supply and climate change mitigation. An increase in aluminium recycling rates will enhance the Union's strategic autonomy in view of the projected increased demand in the next decades. It will also enable a lower carbon footprint of aluminium production in the EU. The aluminium scrap leaving the Union and the indirect downcycling of wrought alloys to aluminium castings are among the challenges to overcome for higher circularity. Insights given on the social perspective of the aluminium industry include occupational health and safety, environmental conflicts across the globe, international initiatives to improve the industry's sustainability performance, and governance in bauxite producing countries. An identified risk for the EU aluminium sector's sustainability performance is the fragile governance in the leading bauxite supplier to the EU (Guinea). Bauxite exploration and new mine development, and the management of massive volumes of bauxite residues cause several conflicts worldwide. Concerning the industry's socio-economic contribution, the European industry generates revenues and value added of billion euros and contributes with thousands of jobs to the EU economy. The report looks at the economic dimension of the EU aluminium industry through data for production value, value added, employment, and investments.
Book Synopsis Case studies of chemical industry by :
Download or read book Case studies of chemical industry written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to UNCTAD Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Case Studies of Chemical Industry by : Western Australia. Ministry of Education. Curriculum Programmes Branch
Download or read book Case Studies of Chemical Industry written by Western Australia. Ministry of Education. Curriculum Programmes Branch and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of Alumina Production by :
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of Alumina Production written by and published by Incumbent. This book was released on 1985 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Aspects of the Aluminium Industry by : United Nations Environment Programme
Download or read book Environmental Aspects of the Aluminium Industry written by United Nations Environment Programme and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Strategy of Resource Bargaining by : Stanley Reid
Download or read book Strategy of Resource Bargaining written by Stanley Reid and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guidelines for the Environmental Management of Alumina Production by : United Nations Environment Programme
Download or read book Guidelines for the Environmental Management of Alumina Production written by United Nations Environment Programme and published by Incumbent. This book was released on 1984 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of Metal Bulletin's Second International Aluminium Congress, September 22-23, 1982, Monte Carlo by : Norman J. Connell
Download or read book Proceedings of Metal Bulletin's Second International Aluminium Congress, September 22-23, 1982, Monte Carlo written by Norman J. Connell and published by Metal Bulletin. This book was released on 1983 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bibliographie der Wirtschaftswissenschaften by :
Download or read book Bibliographie der Wirtschaftswissenschaften written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: