Effects Of Residual Feed Intake Classification On Temperament Carcass Composition And Feeding Behavior Traits In Growing Santa Gertrudis Heifers

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Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Temperament, Carcass Composition, and Feeding Behavior Traits in Growing Santa Gertrudis Heifers

Author : Justin Anthony Ramirez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Temperament, Carcass Composition, and Feeding Behavior Traits in Growing Santa Gertrudis Heifers by : Justin Anthony Ramirez

Download or read book Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Temperament, Carcass Composition, and Feeding Behavior Traits in Growing Santa Gertrudis Heifers written by Justin Anthony Ramirez and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives of this study were to evaluate the associations of feed intake, feeding behavior, temperament, and carcass composition with performance and feed efficiency traits in growing heifers. Santa Gertrudis heifers (n = 369) with initial BW of (275.3 ± 37.4 kg) were used in this study. Intake and feeding behavior traits were collected for 70 d using a GrowSafe system while consuming a forage-based diet (ME = 2.19 Mcal/kg DM). Heifers were weighed at 14-d intervals and ultrasound traits measured on d 0 and 70. Residual feed intake was computed by regression of DMI on mid-test BW0·75 and ADG, and heifers classified into low, medium, and high RFI (± 0.50 SD) groups. A 2- population distribution model was fit to log10-transformed non-feeding interval lengths to estimate meal criterion (MC), which was used to compute meal traits (frequency and duration). As expected, RFI was positively correlated with DMI (r = 0.72; P

Impact of Residual Feed Intake Classification and Management Regimen on Feedlot Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle

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Author : Janelle Elyse Kelly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Impact of Residual Feed Intake Classification and Management Regimen on Feedlot Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle by : Janelle Elyse Kelly

Download or read book Impact of Residual Feed Intake Classification and Management Regimen on Feedlot Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Beef Cattle written by Janelle Elyse Kelly and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characterization of Residual Feed Intake and Relationships with Performance, Carcass and Temperament Traits in Growing Calves

Author : James Trent Fox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (573 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Residual Feed Intake and Relationships with Performance, Carcass and Temperament Traits in Growing Calves by : James Trent Fox

Download or read book Characterization of Residual Feed Intake and Relationships with Performance, Carcass and Temperament Traits in Growing Calves written by James Trent Fox and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were accomplished with two experiments in growing Bonsmara bulls (N = 68) (experiment 1), and Simmental crossbred calves (N = 132) (experiment 2). Specific objectives for experiment 1 were to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in growing bulls, and examine relationships between RFI and performance, fertility, temperament and body composition traits. In experiment 2, the objectives were to examine stocker-phase supplementation effects on feedlot feed conversion ratio (FCR) and RFI and to characterize relationships between these feed efficiency traits, and performance and carcass traits in finishing calves. In both experiments, individual feed intakes and BW were measured. Ultrasound technology was used to measure body composition in experiment 1, while actual carcass measurements taken at harvest were used for experiment 2. Experiment 1 demonstrated that temperament affected ADG and DMI, but not FCR or RFI. Residual feed intake was not phenotypically correlated to scrotal circumference or bull fertility traits. Experiments 1 and 2 demonstrated that RFI was independent of ADG and BW, but that there was a tendency (P 0.5 SD above mean RFI). Results from experiment 2 suggest that RFI measured while calves are consuming high-grain diets may be less influenced by previous level of stocker supplementation compared to FCR or residual gain efficiency traits. In summary, RFI was found to be phenotypically independent of growth rate and BW, had no effect on bull fertility or temperament traits, and was less impacted by previous plane of nutrition compared to FCR.

Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Feed Efficiency, Feeding Behavior, Carcass Traits, and Net Revenue in Angus-based Composite Steers

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Author : Joel Walter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (812 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Feed Efficiency, Feeding Behavior, Carcass Traits, and Net Revenue in Angus-based Composite Steers by : Joel Walter

Download or read book Effects of Residual Feed Intake Classification on Feed Efficiency, Feeding Behavior, Carcass Traits, and Net Revenue in Angus-based Composite Steers written by Joel Walter and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of residual feed intake (RFI) classification on performance, feed efficiency, feeding behavior and carcass traits, and to determine the relative importance of individual performance and carcass measurements on between-animal variation in net revenue of feedlot steers. Performance, feed intake and feeding behavior traits were measured in 508 Angus-based composite steers, using the GrowSafe feed-intake measurement system, while fed a high-grain diet for 70 days. Residual feed intake (RFI) was computed as actual minus expected dry matter intake (DMI) derived from regression of DMI on average daily gain (ADG) and mid-test BW0.75, and steers classified into low (n = 150), medium (n = 200) and high (n = 158) RFI groups. Following the feed-intake measurement periods, steers were fed the same diet in group pens and harvested at an average backfat thickness of 1.14 cm. Net revenue (NR) was calculated as carcass value minus feeder calf, yardage, and feed costs using 3-year average prices. Feed cost was based on actual feed consumed during the feed-intake measurement periods, and model-predicted intake adjusted for RFI during the group-feeding periods. Steers with low RFI had $48/hd lower (P

Effects of Management Regimen, Residual Feed Intake and Reranking on Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality in Beef Steers

Author : Natalie Ferriman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Management Regimen, Residual Feed Intake and Reranking on Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality in Beef Steers by : Natalie Ferriman

Download or read book Effects of Management Regimen, Residual Feed Intake and Reranking on Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality in Beef Steers written by Natalie Ferriman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Residual feed intake (RFI) is a measurement of feed efficiency and is becoming a popular trait used in genetic selection. This study evaluated the effects of RFI classification on beef cattle performance, carcass and meat quality and its repeatability between growing and finishing phases of production. Cattle were managed on two different nutritional management regimens consisting of finishing on a high grain diet or backgrounding cattle prior to being finished on a high grain diet. Extensive RFI reranking occurred between production phases. Reranking was positively correlated with longissimus muscle area but did not influence other carcass and meat quality parameters. Growing phase RFI classification had a minimal effect on carcass traits, while low RFI classified steers in the finishing phase produced bigger ribeyes. High RFI steers produced juicier and more tender beef compared to low RFI steers assessed using taste panel and consumer evaluations.

Examining Mechanisms Contributing to the Biological Variation of Residual Feed Intake in Growing Heifers and Bulls and in Mid-gestation Females

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Author : Aimee Hafla
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (819 download)

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Book Synopsis Examining Mechanisms Contributing to the Biological Variation of Residual Feed Intake in Growing Heifers and Bulls and in Mid-gestation Females by : Aimee Hafla

Download or read book Examining Mechanisms Contributing to the Biological Variation of Residual Feed Intake in Growing Heifers and Bulls and in Mid-gestation Females written by Aimee Hafla and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this study were to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in growing bulls and heifers and in mid-gestation females to examine relationships with performance, body composition, feeding behavior, digestibility (DMD) and heart rate (HR) and evaluate the impact of RFI on bull fertility and cow forage utilization. Additionally, use of the n-alkane method to predict individual animal variations in intake was investigated. To accomplish these objectives, multiple RFI studies were conducted. In all studies RFI was computed as the difference between actual and expected DMI from linear regression of DMI on mid-test metabolic BW and ADG. To evaluate phenotypic relationships between feed efficiency, scrotal circumference (SC) and semen-quality an experiment was conducted with yearling bulls (N=204). Residual feed intake was not correlated with BW and ADG, but was positively associated with 12th-rib back fat (BF) such that the more efficient bulls were leaner. Bulls with low RFI had similar SC and progressive motility of sperm compared to high-RFI bulls. However percent normal sperm were weakly associated with RFI in a negative manner. To examine phenotypic relationships between heifer postweaning RFI, and performance, efficiency, HR, and DMD of mid-gestation cows, RFI was measured in growing Bonsmara heifers (N=175). Forty-eight heifers with divergent RFI were retained for breeding. Subsequently, intake, performance and feeding behavior was measured on mid-gestation females. Pregnant females classified as having low postweaning RFI continued to consume 22% less feed, spent 25% less time eating, and had 7% lower HR while maintaining similar BW, ADG and body composition compared to high RFI females. A moderate association between RFI in growing heifers and subsequent efficiency of forage utilization in pregnant cows was found. Growing heifers identified as efficient had greater DMD, however DMD in mature cows was similar between RFI groups. The n-alkane method of predicting intake detected differences in intake between divergent RFI groups in mid-gestation females. Results from this study indicate that inclusion of RFI as a component of a multi-trait selection program will improve feed efficiency of growing animals and mid-gestation females with minimal impacts on growth, body composition, and fertility traits.

Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Growing and Finishing Steers

Author : Erin Gwen Brown
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (676 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Growing and Finishing Steers by : Erin Gwen Brown

Download or read book Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Growing and Finishing Steers written by Erin Gwen Brown and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives of this research were to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in growing and finishing steers and examine phenotypic correlations between performance, feed efficiency, carcass, digestibility, and physiological indicator traits. The research included two growing studies and one finishing study. Braunvieh-sired crossbred steers (n = 169) and Santa Gertrudis steers (n = 120) were individually fed a roughage-based diet for 77 d during the growing phase. Santa Gertrudis steers (n = 120) were individually fed a grain-based diet for 80 d during the finishing phase. Individual body weight (BW) and feed intake data were recorded. Residual feed intake was calculated as the difference between actual dry matter intake (DMI) and DMI predicted from linear regression of DMI on mid-test metabolic BW. During the growing phase, initial ultrasound measures of 12th rib fat thickness (FT) and final ultrasound measures of Longissimus muscle area (LMA), FT, and intramuscular fat (IMF) were obtained. During the finishing phase, initial and final LMA, FT, and IMF ultrasound measurements were obtained. Finishing steers were slaughtered at 1.0 cm of FT and carcass cooler traits measured. Blood samples were collected at the start and end of each feeding period and analyzed for physiological indicators. Temperament traits were also measured at the start and end of each feeding period. Growing and finishing steers with low RFI consumed 19-22% less feed than growing and finishing steers with high RFI, but did not differ in average daily gain(ADG). Consequently, steers with low RFI were also more efficient as measured by feed conversion ratio and partial efficiency of growth. Steers with low RFI had less FTcompared to steers with high RFI. Initial serum IGF-I was correlated with RFI in growing steers indicating that IGF-I could be a potential indicator trait for RFI in growing cattle. Additionally, RFI was correlated with digestibility to indicate more efficient cattle had higher dry matter digestibility. Results indicate that RFI has potential to allow producers to select more efficient animals without increasing growth rate. Moreover, serum IGF-I may facilitate early detection and more accurate selection of animals that are superior for growing RFI.

The Relationship Between Residual Feed Intake and Feeding Behavior in Growing Heifers

Author : Glenda Marie Bingham
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship Between Residual Feed Intake and Feeding Behavior in Growing Heifers by : Glenda Marie Bingham

Download or read book The Relationship Between Residual Feed Intake and Feeding Behavior in Growing Heifers written by Glenda Marie Bingham and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this study was to determine if feeding behavior traits are correlated with performance and feed efficiency traits in growing heifers. Individual dry matter intake (DMI) was measured in Brangus heifers (n = 115) fed a roughage-based diet (ME = 2.1 Mcal/kg) for 70 d using Calan gate feeders (6 heifers/pen). Residual feed intake (RFI) was computed as the residuals from linear regression of DMI on mid-test BW0.75 and average daily gain (ADG). Heifers with the highest (n = 18) and lowest (n = 18) RFI were identified for feeding behavior measurements. During days 28 through 56 of the 70-d feeding trial, continuous video recordings were obtained for all heifers. Video images of two sets of four 24-h periods, two weeks apart, were analyzed for the focal animals. All occurrences of feeding were timed and counted per day, and the eight 24-h periods averaged to derive the overall feeding event (FE) and meal duration and frequency for each focal heifer. Total feeding event duration was defined as the total min per day the animal0́9s head was down in the feed bunk. A meal included all visits an animal made to the feed bunk that were separated by less than 5 min. The mean RFI values for the low and high RFI heifers were (mean " SE) - 1.03 and 1.00 " 0.03 kg/d, respectively. Low RFI heifers consumed 21.9% less (P

Phenotypic Relationships Between Residual Feed Intake, Feeding Behaviour and Temperament in Western Canadian Beef Cattle

Author : Lindsey Lippens
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Phenotypic Relationships Between Residual Feed Intake, Feeding Behaviour and Temperament in Western Canadian Beef Cattle by : Lindsey Lippens

Download or read book Phenotypic Relationships Between Residual Feed Intake, Feeding Behaviour and Temperament in Western Canadian Beef Cattle written by Lindsey Lippens and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed costs have led the cattle industry to examine the merit of selecting cattle for inputs (feed efficiency) rather than for outputs exclusively (growth). Residual feed intake (RFI) has become a preferred measure of biological efficiency. Feeding behaviour traits (feeding event duration, frequency, head-down time, length and eating rate) and temperament may provide insight into the variation in feed efficiency. Feeding behaviour, RFI (n = 868) and temperament (n = 58) were examined using five classes of beef cattle. Cattle were sorted into low, medium and high RFI groups. Feeding behaviour traits were moderately (-0.21 to 0.56; P 0.05) related to RFI. Bulls fed a grain-based diet spent longer periods lying down than bulls fed a forage-based diet. No relationships (P 0.1) were observed between RFI and bull temperament, indicating that temperament is not correlated with RFI and selecting for low RFI cattle will not negatively impact temperament.

Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle

Author : Phillip Allan Lancaster
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle by : Phillip Allan Lancaster

Download or read book Sources of Biological Variation in Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle written by Phillip Allan Lancaster and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objectives of this study were to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in growing calves and to examine relationships with growth, carcass composition, physiological indicators, energy metabolism and reproduction. To accomplish these objectives, multiple experiments were conducted. In all experiments, RFI was calculated as the difference between actual DMI and expected DMI from linear regression of DMI on mid-test metabolic BW and ADG. To examine the relationships between RFI and rate and composition of growth, and reproduction an experiment was conducted with postweaning Brangus heifers (N = 348). Measures of carcass composition (longissimus muscle area, LMA; and 12th rib fat thickness, BF) were obtained by ultrasound at the start and end of each experiment. To determine if serum IGF-I concentration is associated with RFI, two experiments were conducted with Angus bulls and heifers (N = 95) divergently selected for serum IGF-I concentration. To evaluate relationships with energy metabolism, calves with low and high RFI were selected for determination of heart rate as an indicator trait for energy expenditure (4 experiments) and liver mitochondrial function (3 experiments). Residual feed intake was not correlated with ADG, but was positively correlated with gain in BF such that the more efficient calves were leaner. Calves from the low IGF-I selection line had lower RFI suggesting that RFI and IGF-I are related and that IGF-I could be used as an indicator trait to aid in selection for improved RFI in Angus cattle. Calves with low RFI had lower energy expenditure and greater mitochondrial acceptor control ratios than calves with high RFI suggesting improved regulation of energy metabolism. A similar percentage of heifers with low RFI attained puberty as those with high RFI by the end of the experiment. Results from this study indicate that producers can utilize RFI to select for improved feed efficiency with minimal impact on growth, carcass composition and reproduction.

Effects of Maturity and Production Stage on Residual Feed Intake Classification of Beef Cows

Author : R. L. Barnett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Maturity and Production Stage on Residual Feed Intake Classification of Beef Cows by : R. L. Barnett

Download or read book Effects of Maturity and Production Stage on Residual Feed Intake Classification of Beef Cows written by R. L. Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to determine if the postweaning residual Feed intake (RFI) classification of beef heifers remain consistent as the animals matured, went through different stages of production and were placed in different feeding systems. Three feed intake trials, using the GrowSafe feed intake system, (postweaning, dry and lactating) and a two-year pasture trial were conducted on the same 33 Simmental X Angus females from a single herd. Data from all three GrowSafe trials were pooled and stepwise regression (SAS PROC REG) was used to calculate expected feed intake (EFI) across all trials. Individual RFIs were calculated as the difference between actual dry matter intake (ADMI) and EFI. Cows were then categorically grouped as Low (RFI 0.5 SD below the mean), Average (RFI ± 0.5 SD above and below the mean) and High (RFI 0.5 SD above the mean) based upon individual RFI classifications for each trial. No correlations (P > 0.1) were found between postweaning RFI classifications and either trial as mature animals (dry or lactating). The overall average daily intakes in the pasture study were lower (P

Relationships of Residual Feed Intake with Performance, Profitability, Digestibility and Carcass Traits in Individual and Group Pens

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Author : Gustavo Durante Cruz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Relationships of Residual Feed Intake with Performance, Profitability, Digestibility and Carcass Traits in Individual and Group Pens by : Gustavo Durante Cruz

Download or read book Relationships of Residual Feed Intake with Performance, Profitability, Digestibility and Carcass Traits in Individual and Group Pens written by Gustavo Durante Cruz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Characterization of Feeding Behavior Traits and Associations with Performance and Feed Efficiency in Finishing Beef Cattle

Author : Egleu Diomedes Marinho Mendes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (759 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Feeding Behavior Traits and Associations with Performance and Feed Efficiency in Finishing Beef Cattle by : Egleu Diomedes Marinho Mendes

Download or read book Characterization of Feeding Behavior Traits and Associations with Performance and Feed Efficiency in Finishing Beef Cattle written by Egleu Diomedes Marinho Mendes and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first objective of this study was to validate the feeding behavior measurements from a radio frequency electronic system (GrowSafe (TM) System Ltd., Airdrie, AB, Canada) and examine the software sensitivity to different parameter settings (MPS) to quantify feeding behavior traits. Data was continuously recorded 24 h per day using the GrowSafe (TM) system for 32 heifers over 81-d. Ten animals were randomly selected and evaluated over 6-d using time-lapse video recordings. Different parameter settings (MPS) from the electronic system (GrowSafe (TM)) used to record feeding behavior data, bunk visits (BV) frequency and BV duration, were compared with the observed (video) values. The second objective of this study was to quantify meal criterion; examine the associations between feeding behavior traits, performance, and feed efficiency; and the effects of breed type on feed efficiency (residual feed intake - RFI) and feeding behavior traits in heifers fed high-grain diets. Results from study one demonstrated that the GrowSafe (TM) system 4000E could accurately predict BV and meal data compared to observed data. The 100 s, used for the maximum duration between consecutive EID recordings to end an uninterrupted BV, was the appropriate MPS to predict BV frequency and duration, and meal frequency and duration compared to observed data using the GrowSafe (TM) 4000E system. The system's ability to detect the animal's presence or absence at the feed bunk was 86.4 and 99.6 percent, respectively. Results from the second study demonstrated that the meal criterion for heifers fed high-grain diets was 13.8 min. The 4 methods to calculate meal criterion demonstrated no differences in results of frequencies and durations of meal and the number of bunk visits per meal. Similar phenotypic correlations were found between the feeding behavior traits with RFI derived from the base model or with adjustments for final back fat. The adjustment of RFI to final back fat changed the RFI rank between breeds. The addition of feeding behavior traits to the RFI base model could accounted up to 40.4 percent of the variation in DMI not explained by ADG or MBW.

Effects of Breed and Frame Size on Performance, Body Composition, Carcass Characteristics and Plasma Hormone Parameters of Steers Fed Growing and Finishing Diets

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Author : Edward Eugene Beaver
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Breed and Frame Size on Performance, Body Composition, Carcass Characteristics and Plasma Hormone Parameters of Steers Fed Growing and Finishing Diets by : Edward Eugene Beaver

Download or read book Effects of Breed and Frame Size on Performance, Body Composition, Carcass Characteristics and Plasma Hormone Parameters of Steers Fed Growing and Finishing Diets written by Edward Eugene Beaver and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy Expenditure in Growing Heifers with Divergent Residual Feed Intake Phenotypes. Effects and Interaction of Metaphylactic Treatment and Temperament on Receiving Steers

Download Energy Expenditure in Growing Heifers with Divergent Residual Feed Intake Phenotypes. Effects and Interaction of Metaphylactic Treatment and Temperament on Receiving Steers PDF Online Free

Author : Zachary D. Paddock
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy Expenditure in Growing Heifers with Divergent Residual Feed Intake Phenotypes. Effects and Interaction of Metaphylactic Treatment and Temperament on Receiving Steers by : Zachary D. Paddock

Download or read book Energy Expenditure in Growing Heifers with Divergent Residual Feed Intake Phenotypes. Effects and Interaction of Metaphylactic Treatment and Temperament on Receiving Steers written by Zachary D. Paddock and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cattle classified as having low residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes are those that consume less feed than expected based on body weight and growth performance. Mechanisms contributing to the variation in RFI are not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that cattle of divergent RFI phenotypes have different levels of energy expenditures, which are associated with heat increment, basal metabolism, thermoregulation responses, and physical activity. The objectives of this experiment were to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in growing heifers and to determine if variation in whole-animal energy expenditure contributes to differences in RFI. Brangus heifers (n =120) were individually fed a roughage-based diet (1.93 Mcal ME/kg DM) diet twice daily and feed refusals measured weekly. Heifers were weighed once weekly for 70 d and RFI calculated as the difference between actual and expected DMI from linear regression of DMI on ADG and mid-test BW0.75. Immediately following the 70 d study, oxygen pulse rate (mL O2/heart beat) and 48-h heart rates were measured on 8 high and 8 low RFI heifers to estimate energy expenditure. Daily heart rates and oxygen pulse rates were higher (P

Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle; in Relation to Breed, Selection, and Behavior

Author : Marcus McGee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle; in Relation to Breed, Selection, and Behavior by : Marcus McGee

Download or read book Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle; in Relation to Breed, Selection, and Behavior written by Marcus McGee and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed efficiency is a necessary factor in beef production systems due to rising feed ingredient costs, population growth, and beef supply demands. With this known, it is important for researchers to delve into mechanisms involved in efficiency to provide producers with a knowledge base for future selection and breeding programs. Though the use of residual feed intake (RFI) is fairly well know, traditional traits are often considered more desirable due to costs associated with testing. However, previous research has provided evidence of benefits using a less biased measurement (RFI) in comparison with its counterparts (e.g. ADG, FCR, F:G etc.) Though RFI does provide indication of efficiency status, there are underlying mechanisms that also play a role in these measurements that are not completely understood. One attribute of efficiency often overlooked is feeding behavior, in which this body of work attempts to interpret via relationships with RFI. Previous research has provided has examined relationships between these two parameters, however further studies are necessary to gain a more solid foundation. Research within this dissertation will add to this knowledge base using two breeds of cattle examined for behavior traits (bunk visit frequency, bunk visit duration, feed bout frequency, feed bout duration, meal frequency, meal duration, and average meal intake) during the course of RFI evaluation. Niche breeds of beef cattle (e.g. Japanese Black Cattle) are often excluded from feed efficiency examinations, due to focuses of output, carcass quality traits, and increased specialty market value. However, the recent rise of feed ingredient costs are universal, and producers of niche breeds may benefit as well. Within this body of work, 3 cohorts of Wagyu cattle were evaluated for feeding behavior parameters with some insight towards relationships with efficiency. Red Angus cattle were also evaluated over both growing and finishing phase RFI to clarify feeding behaviors' role in efficiency. Results from these studies provide researchers with additional tools for elucidating these relationships as well as identifying specific feeding behaviors that contribute to efficiency status in beef cattle.

The Relationship of Feed Efficiency with Performance, Ultrasound, Carcass and Non-carcass Traits in Beef Cattle

Author : Flavio Ribeiro
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (664 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relationship of Feed Efficiency with Performance, Ultrasound, Carcass and Non-carcass Traits in Beef Cattle by : Flavio Ribeiro

Download or read book The Relationship of Feed Efficiency with Performance, Ultrasound, Carcass and Non-carcass Traits in Beef Cattle written by Flavio Ribeiro and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first objective was to estimate total internal fat in beef cattle based on a technique that measures kidney fat (uKFd) using real-time ultrasound (RTU). Data were obtained from 109 cattle from four studies, and animals were scanned 7 d preslaughter for uKFd and ultrasound backfat thickness. At slaughter carcass kidney fat depth (cKFd), KPH weight, and total internal fat were measured. The second objective was to characterize residual feed intake (RFI) in finishing cattle fed high grain diets and to examine the relationships with growth, ultrasound, carcass, non-carcass, and tenderness traits in two studies involving Santa Gertrudis (n = 114) steers, and Angus bulls (n = 16) and heifers (n = 16). In both experiments, RFI was calculated as the difference between actual DMI and predicted DMI. Results for the first objective indicated that RTU can be used to estimate cKFd, KPH weight and total internal fat (IFAT). Prediction equations developed to predict IFAT had R2 that ranged from 0.65 to 0.97 (P