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Development Of Chitosan Based Adsorbent For The Removal Of Residual Oil From Palm Oil Mill Effluent Pome
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Book Synopsis Development of Chitosan Based Adsorbent for the Removal of Residual Oil from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) by : Hernawati Lahading
Download or read book Development of Chitosan Based Adsorbent for the Removal of Residual Oil from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) written by Hernawati Lahading and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this research was to investigate and study the modified crosslinked chitosan beads as an adsorbent to adsorb the excessive residue oil from an oily wastewater. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) from the local palm oil mill was used as a sample of an oily wastewater. Raw chitosan present some limitations such as unsatisfactory mechanical properties, poor heat resistance and soluble in dilute acid aqueous solution. Crosslinking has been proposed in this study to overcome such weakness. Three types of crosslink agent, namely glutaraldehyde (GLA), ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used for this purpose. Series of batch adsorption experiments were carried out using different conditions and parameters. The controlled variables were adsorbent dosage, agitation rate, contact time and pH. A detailed batch study on chitosan flakes and the crosslinked chitosan beads with respect to its adsorption equilibrium, isotherm and kinetic study were also carried out. The best removal of residue oil was accomplished using chitosan flakes as adsorbent with adsorbent dosage of 15 g adsorbent per liter of POME, agitation rate of 100 rpm, contact time of 1 hr and pH of 6.0. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of chitosan flakes and crosslinked chitosan beads before and after the adsorption experiments were presented to prove that the residue oil had been adsorbed by these adsorbents. The Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for the equilibrium data in the concentration range investigated, with the maximum adsorption capacity being 131.58 mg of residue oil per gram of chitosan flakes, as obtained from the linear equation of the isotherm. The adsorption kinetics was tested using three models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion model. The experimental kinetics data were properly correlated with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2=0.9996), which provided a rate constant, k2, of 0.0021 g/mg.min. The research study had attested chitosan and crosslinked chitosan beads as a potential adsorbent to adsorb residue oil from POME.
Book Synopsis Development of Chitosan Based Adsorbent for Removal of Oil from Industrial Wastewater by : Rosli Mohd Yunus
Download or read book Development of Chitosan Based Adsorbent for Removal of Oil from Industrial Wastewater written by Rosli Mohd Yunus and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chitosan Based Adsorbent for Removal of Oil from Industrial Wastewater by : Abdurahman Nour
Download or read book Chitosan Based Adsorbent for Removal of Oil from Industrial Wastewater written by Abdurahman Nour and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-07 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Application of chitosan products in wastewater treatment has received considerable attention in recent years in the literature. In particular, the development of chitosan-based materials as useful adsorbent polymeric matrices is an expanding field in the area of adsorption science. This book, investigates the development of chitosan-based adsorbent for removal of oil from industrial wastwater treatment.
Book Synopsis Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment by : Abu Nasar
Download or read book Chitosan-Based Adsorbents for Wastewater Treatment written by Abu Nasar and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-07-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chitosan is a natural amino polymer. It is eco-friendly, biocompatible, biodegradable, cost-effective, easily available and has high potential to be utilized as an adsorbent. Because of their excellent chelating power, chitosan-based adsorbents have a very high ability to tightly bind the pollutants present in contaminated water and wastewater. Different heavy metals and toxic dyes can be effectively removed. Chapter 1 deals with the chemical, physical, physicochemical and mechanical properties of chitosan and chitosan-based materials. Adsorption data on the removal of heavy metals and different dyes have been compiled. Chapter 2 covers the utilization of chitosan and its derivatives for the adsorptive removal of mercury from water and wastewater. Chapter 3 describes novel chitosan-based nanocomposites for dye removal applications. Chapter 4 discusses the effect of different chitosan modifications on its structure and specific surface area. Chapter 5 covers the applications of chitin and chitosan-based adsorbents for the removal of natural dyes from wastewater. Chapter 6 highlights the adsorptive treatment of textile effluents using chemically modified chitosan as adsorbents. Chapter 7 reviews the applications of chitosan-based adsorbents for the removal of arsenicals. Chapter 8 centers on the adsorption capacity enhancement of chitosan by chemical modification. Chapter 9 focuses on the smart use of surfactants for the modification of chitosan and some other biomaterials and their subsequent use for the removal of contaminants from aqueous solutions. Chapter 10 reviews the use of chitosan-based nanocomposites as adsorbents for the removal of dyes from wastewater. Chapter 11 describes the preparation of uniformly distributed platinum nanoparticles decorated with graphene oxide-chitosan by employing a microwave-assisted method. The nanocomposite can be used for the removal of dye from aqueous solution.
Book Synopsis Treatment of POME Via Chitosan Based Flocculation by : Fauziah Hairan
Download or read book Treatment of POME Via Chitosan Based Flocculation written by Fauziah Hairan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is one of the major problematic oily wastewaters in Malaysia. POME contains 4,000 mg/L of oil and grease, which is relatively high compared to the limit of only 50 mg/L set by the Malaysian Department of Environment. In this study, chitosan, poly-b-(1,4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose (N-deacetylated) was used as an adsorbent to adsorb the excess oil from oily wastewater. Chitosan is a biodegradable cationic biopolymer achieved by the extensive deacetylation of chitin obtained from prawn shell waste. The parameters studied were the effect of varying the degree of deacetylation, pH, temperature and different dosage of solid and liquid chitosan in removing oil. The study was conducted by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to vary the degree of deacetylation and a study of flocculation was carried out by using a jar-test apparatus. From the results, it showed that chitosan produce by treatment with 50% NaOH at 90°C for 5 h gave a chitosan product with 79.55% DDA has removed 99.30% of residual oil from the POME wastewater is 99.30%. Besides, at pH 5 and optimum temperature of 60 oC provided the most suitable conditions for the residue oil removal with employing the settling rate for 120 minutes. Liquid chitosan at 6% dosage has reduced 80% residual oil. In conclusion, chitosan has a potential for treating residual oil in POME sample. -Author.
Book Synopsis Treatment of POME Via Chitosan Based Flocculation by : Joannes Victor Valentine @ Dol
Download or read book Treatment of POME Via Chitosan Based Flocculation written by Joannes Victor Valentine @ Dol and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The treatments of palm oil mill effluent (POME) have been a topic of research in Malaysia. These effluents needs to be properly treated before it released to watercourse and minimize the environmental hazard. This research is conducted to evaluate the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using chitosan based flocculation. Chitosan is a biological product which was believes it is useful in water treatment as adsorbent to remove oil from wastewater. A study was conducted in the laboratory to compare chitosan concentration in different volume of dosage. The sample were undergo flocculation process by using Jar Test where six beaker of sample was treated with varies volume dosage. The comparison was made by analyzing their oil removal efficiency, reduction of suspended solid, turbidity, BOD and COD and as well as pH adjustment. The result indicated that chitosan concentration at ratio of 1wt% chitosan in 1% was performed better in increasing of volume doses and 2%wt chitosan in 7% acetic acid was better at optimum dosage more than 12ml. In conclusion, it shows that chitosan was effective in removal oil from POME with more than 90% efficiency.-Author.
Book Synopsis Textile Wastewater Treatment by : Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu
Download or read book Textile Wastewater Treatment written by Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-13 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first volume, various materials such as chitosan, lignin-based biomaterials, cellulosic based bio materials, carbon materials, Polysaccharide-composites materials, Aromatic-Based Synthetic Macromolecules, Agricultural wastes, etc for treating textile waste water are highlighted. One of the major pollutants in the textile and fashion industry is (textile) waste water. Textile wastewater can lead to serious environmental issues if discharged without proper and sufficient treatment. The materials employed along with the technologies available to trate waste water are the key. There are a lot of advancements in terms materials, technologies employed for textile waste water treatment. Sustainable bio-nano materials and macro molecules play a major role in the efficient treatment of textile waster.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Chitosan Material for Water Treatment by : Ephraim Igberase
Download or read book Enhanced Chitosan Material for Water Treatment written by Ephraim Igberase and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-29 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews some of the latest developments in the field of water treatment using multi-functional chitosan-based materials. It covers the production of chitosan beads and membranes from chitosan powder, as well as modification techniques for enhancing the material for commercial and industrial purposes. The book summarizes the results of experimental adsorption/desorption studies for elucidating the underlying reaction mechanism of heavy-metal removal from wastewater, presenting an advanced overview of an array of characterization techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, it features a look at the development and application of specialized engineering software and image analysis for modelling the kinetics of adsorption. This book is ideal for scientists and engineers working in the broader field of environmental materials science. It is all well suited for chemists, as well as industrial and civil engineers, interested in wastewater treatment and mitigation of water pollution
Book Synopsis Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal by : Grégorio Crini
Download or read book Green Adsorbents for Pollutant Removal written by Grégorio Crini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second volume on adsorption using green adsorbents and is written by international contributors who are the leading experts in the adsorption field. Together with the first volume they show a typical selection of green materials used in wastewater treatment, with emphasis on industrial effluents. This second volume focuses on innovative materials. It presents hemp-based materials for metal removal, and the use of leaves for metal removal. It describes the biosorption of metals and metalloids on various materials and discusses the recent advances in cellulose-based adsorbents used in environmental purposes. Furthermore, activated carbons from food wastes, aerogels and bones, and municipal solid waste biochar as efficient materials for pollutant removal, respectively are reviewed as well as biosorption of dyes onto microbial biosorbents and the use of mushroom biomass to remove pollutants are looked at. The volume also includes detailed review of green adsorbents for removal of antibiotics, pesticides and endocrine disruptors and the use of pillared interlayered clays as innovative materials for pollutant removal. Finally, the use of green adsorbents for radioactive pollutant removal from natural water is discussed. The audience for this book includes students, environmentalists, engineers, water scientists, civil and industrial personnel who wish to specialize in adsorption technology. Academically, this book will be of use to students in chemical and environmental engineering who wish to learn about adsorption and its fundamentals. It has also been compiled for practicing engineers who wish to know about recent developments on adsorbent materials in order to promote further research toward improving and developing newer adsorbents and processes for the efficient removal of pollutants from industrial effluents. It is hoped that the book will serve as a readable and useful presentation not only for undergraduate and postgraduate students but also for the water scientists and engineers and as a convenient reference handbook in the form of numerous recent examples and appended information.
Book Synopsis Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Via Chitosan Based on Flocculation by : Siti Hajar Mustapa
Download or read book Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Via Chitosan Based on Flocculation written by Siti Hajar Mustapa and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zeolite Characterization and Catalysis by : Arthur W. Chester
Download or read book Zeolite Characterization and Catalysis written by Arthur W. Chester and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea for putting together a tutorial on zeolites came originally from my co-editor, Eric Derouane, about 5 years ago. I ?rst met Eric in the mid-1980s when he spent 2 years working for Mobil R&D at our then Corporate lab at Princeton, NJ. He was on the senior technical staff with projects in the synthesis and characterization of new materials. At that time, I managed a group at our Paulsboro lab that was responsible for catalyst characterization in support of our catalyst and process development efforts, and also had a substantial group working on new material synthesis. Hence, our interests overlapped considerably and we met regularly. After Eric moved back to Namur (initially), we maintained contact, and in the 1990s, we met a number of times in Europe on projects of joint interest. It was after I retired from ExxonMobil in 2002 that we began to discuss the tutorial concept seriously. Eric had (semi-)retired and lived on the Algarve, the southern coast of Portugal. In January 2003, my wife and I spent 3 weeks outside of Lagos, and I worked parts of most days with Eric on the proposed content of the book. We decided on a comprehensive approach that ultimately amounted to some 20+ chapters covering all of zeolite chemistry and catalysis and gave it the title Zeolite Chemistry and Catalysis: An integrated Approach and Tutorial.
Book Synopsis Performance of Chitosan as Natural Coagulant in Oil Palm Mill Effluent Treatment by : Man Djun Lee
Download or read book Performance of Chitosan as Natural Coagulant in Oil Palm Mill Effluent Treatment written by Man Djun Lee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter presents the study on pollutant removal in palm oil mill effluent using chitosan as natural coagulant. Up until today, palm oil mill effluent (POME) considered one of the significant sources of environmental pollution. The characteristics of POME include contaminating the source of drinking water, which also harmful to the aquatic ecosystem by creating a highly acidic environment or causing eutrophication. With increasing public awareness of environmental pollution, it creates the need to address this issue. Chitosan is non-polluting food-based anionic and biodegradable biopolymer that are environmentally friendly useful in wastewater treatment. The critical parameter to determine the effectiveness of pollutants removal is chemical oxygen demand, color, and total suspended solids. This chapter also presents and discusses some of the significant findings to provide proper understandings and implications in this topic.
Book Synopsis Application of Esterified Sago Bark for Removal of Oil from Palm Oil Mill Effluent by : Rafeah Wahi
Download or read book Application of Esterified Sago Bark for Removal of Oil from Palm Oil Mill Effluent written by Rafeah Wahi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Removal of emulsified oil in palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a challenge to palm oil industries. The aim of the present study was to develop a hydrophobic oil sorbent by incorporating fatty acid derivatives, namely stearic acid, on sago bark (SB) network via esterification process. The effect of esterification parameters such as the SB to stearic acid (SA) ratio (SB:SA), the amount of catalyst and the refluxing time on the oil removal efficiency of ESB and the optimization study were conducted via surface response methodology (RSM). The oil removal efficiency of SB and ESB in POME was also studied at different adsorption conditions in batch experiments. Artificial neural network (ANN) modelling was applied to model the column oil adsorption process. Chemical modification of SB has been successfully carried out via esterification with SA to afford ESB, the oil sorbent of high hydrophobicity and high oil removal efficiency. The esterification has successfully increased the hydrophobicity of SB by 42.2% and the oil removal efficiency in POME by 50.2%. The ESB produced at the optimum operating condition of SB:SA 1:1, 15% catalyst, and 8 h refluxing time gave the highest oil removal efficiency in POME (95.52%). The two most dominant influencing factors for ESB preparation were SB:SA and refluxing time. The batch oil adsorption study showed that the ESB exhibits better oil removal efficiency compared to SB in all studied conditions, namely adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature and pH. Overall, the oil removal efficiency of both SB and ESB increased with increasing sorbent dosage and contact time. On the other hand, the oil removal efficiency of both SB and ESB decreased with the increasing temperature. Acidic pH was favorable pH condition for high oil removal efficiency. Overall, results showed a good correlation (R2 > 9.5) between experimental data and the intra-particle diffusion model for both SB and ESB. Results also showed that adsorption of oil in POME using SB was best described by Freundlich isotherm (R2=0.998), indicating heterolayer adsorption of oil on SB. The adsorption of oil in POME using ESB was better represented using Langmuir isotherm (R2=0.992), indicating a monolayer adsorption of oil onto the ESB surface. ii It is also evident from the study that ESB afforded good oil removal efficiency in deep bed filtration system. The ANN data showed that SB and ESB were found to remove oil from POME up to 59.12% and 89.79%, respectively in column system. The data means that after deep bed filtration of typical POME with initial oil concentration of 4000 mg/l using ESB, the treated POME is estimated to have 409 mg/l oil and grease content. ANN model was found to fit well with the experimental data with R2 > 0.95 for both training and testing data of SB and ESB. ANN study also indicated that all studied parameters are effective parameters in the sequence of temperature (30.09%) > pH (26.8%) > bed height (26.73% > flow rate (16.38%). The result revealed that the Thomas model and Yoon & Nelson model did not represented the experimental data very well. On the other hand, the column oil adsorption from POME using ESB can be excellently described by the intra-particle diffusion model. A multi-linearity plot of intra-particle diffusion model indicated the occurrence of three stages of adsorption during the experiment. Good oil removal efficiency and environmental friendliness make ESB a viable choice for use as bed material of a deep bed filter system for emulsified oil removal from POME. The importance of these research findings to advance the emulsified oil removal technology will hopefully find good use in the oil processing industry. The findings of this research will provide new insights to the emulsified oil removal technology.
Book Synopsis Removal of Colour from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Activated Carbon Adsorption by : Suhana Saiputdin
Download or read book Removal of Colour from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Activated Carbon Adsorption written by Suhana Saiputdin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Polymers–Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment by : Susheel Kalia
Download or read book Natural Polymers–Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment written by Susheel Kalia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-22 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Polymers-Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment focuses on the recent development of novel polymeric adsorbents that are green and eco-friendly or biodegradable in nature. The book reviews the synthesis, properties and adsorption applications of natural and green polymer-based adsorbents. It discusses adsorption processes in biopolymer systems, remediation technologies developed to remove environmental pollutants, the usage of natural polymer-based cost-effective and green novel adsorbent materials for the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants, and the efficiency of functionalized polymers, nanosorbents, hydrogels, composites, graft copolymers in the sorption of various pollutants from the environment as well as from the industrial effluents. Researchers working on environmental remediation need a single book, where all data on natural and green adsorbents for water treatment are discussed comprehensively. Natural Polymers-Based Green Adsorbents for Water Treatment addresses this need by providing world-wide leading experts' observations and research. So, this book is a valuable reference for early-career scientist, academic researchers and graduate students in chemical engineering and material science. - Presents step-by-step review of processing and modification of natural polymers and their applications in water remediation - Analyzes data on natural and green adsorbents for water treatment, meanwhile provides world-wide experts' knowledge to pave the way for further research - Includes extensive tables, graphs, figures, bibliographies and references to enhance key concepts
Book Synopsis Biological Activities and Application of Marine Polysaccharides by : Emad Shalaby
Download or read book Biological Activities and Application of Marine Polysaccharides written by Emad Shalaby and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-01-11 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine organisms have been under research for the last decades as a source for different active compounds with various biological activities and application in agriculture, pharmacy, medicine, environment, and industries. Marine polysaccharides from these active compounds are used as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, bioremediations, etc. During the last three decades, several important factors that control the production of phytoplankton polysaccharides have been identified such as chemical concentrations, temperature, light, etc. The current book includes 14 chapters contributed by experts around the world; the chapters are categorized into three sections: Marine Polysaccharides and Agriculture, Marine Polysaccharides and Biological Activities, and Marine Polysaccharides and Industries.
Book Synopsis Use of Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from Wastewater by : Gordon McKay
Download or read book Use of Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from Wastewater written by Gordon McKay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-10-25 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of Adsorbents for the Removal of Pollutants from Wastewater describes the most commonly occurring industrial effluents, and presents direct means and methodologies for treating them. In addition to its excellent introduction to pollutants, this book contains all of the basics you need for understanding the characteristics and applications of adsorbent materials. With this book, you can choose from a wide variety of traditional and novel adsorbents, including alternative, relatively inexpensive adsorbents.
